tests: use test_write_lines() to generate line-oriented output

Take advantage of test_write_lines() to generate line-oriented output
rather than using for-loops or a series of `echo` commands. Not only is
test_write_lines() a natural fit for such a task, but there is less
opportunity for a broken &&-chain.

Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Reviewed-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

t/t0020-crlf.sh

@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 
-	for w in Hello world how are you; do echo $w; done >one &&
+	test_write_lines Hello world how are you >one &&
 	mkdir dir &&
-	for w in I am very very fine thank you; do echo $w; done >dir/two &&
+	test_write_lines I am very very fine thank you >dir/two &&
-	for w in Oh here is NULQin text here; do echo $w; done | q_to_nul >three &&
+	test_write_lines Oh here is NULQin text here | q_to_nul >three &&
 	git add . &&
 
 	git commit -m initial &&
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	two=$(git rev-parse HEAD:dir/two) &&
 	three=$(git rev-parse HEAD:three) &&
 
-	for w in Some extra lines here; do echo $w; done >>one &&
+	test_write_lines Some extra lines here >>one &&
 	git diff >patch.file &&
 	patched=$(git hash-object --stdin <one) &&
 	git read-tree --reset -u HEAD
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=input, all CRLF' '
 	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git config core.safecrlf true &&
 
-	for w in I am all CRLF; do echo $w; done | append_cr >allcrlf &&
+	test_write_lines I am all CRLF | append_cr >allcrlf &&
 	test_must_fail git add allcrlf
 '
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=input, mixed LF/CRLF' '
 	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git config core.safecrlf true &&
 
-	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >mixed &&
+	test_write_lines Oh here is CRLFQ in text | q_to_cr >mixed &&
 	test_must_fail git add mixed
 '
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=true, all LF' '
 	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git config core.safecrlf true &&
 
-	for w in I am all LF; do echo $w; done >alllf &&
+	test_write_lines I am all LF >alllf &&
 	test_must_fail git add alllf
 '
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: autocrlf=true mixed LF/CRLF' '
 	git config core.autocrlf true &&
 	git config core.safecrlf true &&
 
-	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >mixed &&
+	test_write_lines Oh here is CRLFQ in text | q_to_cr >mixed &&
 	test_must_fail git add mixed
 '
 
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: print warning only once' '
 	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git config core.safecrlf warn &&
 
-	for w in I am all LF; do echo $w; done >doublewarn &&
+	test_write_lines I am all LF >doublewarn &&
 	git add doublewarn &&
 	git commit -m "nowarn" &&
-	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >doublewarn &&
+	test_write_lines Oh here is CRLFQ in text | q_to_cr >doublewarn &&
 	git add doublewarn 2>err &&
 	grep "CRLF will be replaced by LF" err >err.warnings &&
 	test_line_count = 1 err.warnings
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ test_expect_success 'safecrlf: no warning with safecrlf=false' '
 	git config core.autocrlf input &&
 	git config core.safecrlf false &&
 
-	for w in I am all CRLF; do echo $w; done | append_cr >allcrlf &&
+	test_write_lines I am all CRLF | append_cr >allcrlf &&
 	git add allcrlf 2>err &&
 	test_must_be_empty err
 '
@@ -351,9 +351,9 @@ test_expect_success 'setting up for new autocrlf tests' '
 	git config core.autocrlf false &&
 	git config core.safecrlf false &&
 	rm -rf .????* * &&
-	for w in I am all LF; do echo $w; done >alllf &&
+	test_write_lines I am all LF >alllf &&
-	for w in Oh here is CRLFQ in text; do echo $w; done | q_to_cr >mixed &&
+	test_write_lines Oh here is CRLFQ in text | q_to_cr >mixed &&
-	for w in I am all CRLF; do echo $w; done | append_cr >allcrlf &&
+	test_write_lines I am all CRLF | append_cr >allcrlf &&
 	git add -A . &&
 	git commit -m "alllf, allcrlf and mixed only" &&
 	git tag -a -m "message" autocrlf-checkpoint

t/t0026-eol-config.sh

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	echo "one text" > .gitattributes &&
 
-	for w in Hello world how are you; do echo $w; done >one &&
+	test_write_lines Hello world how are you >one &&
-	for w in I am very very fine thank you; do echo $w; done >two &&
+	test_write_lines I am very very fine thank you >two &&
 	git add . &&
 
 	git commit -m initial &&

t/t1020-subdirectory.sh

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ test_description='Try various core-level commands in subdirectory.
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 	long="a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z" &&
-	for c in $long; do echo $c; done >one &&
+	test_write_lines $long >one &&
 	mkdir dir &&
-	for c in x y z $long a b c; do echo $c; done >dir/two &&
+	test_write_lines x y z $long a b c >dir/two &&
 	cp one original.one &&
 	cp dir/two original.two
 '

t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh

@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ fi
 test_expect_success 'blob and tree' '
 	test_tick &&
 	(
-		for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		test_write_lines 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 &&
-		do
-			echo $i
-		done &&
 		echo &&
 		echo b1rwzyc3
 	) >a0blgqsjc &&
@@ -204,10 +201,7 @@ test_expect_success 'more history' '
 	git checkout v1.0.0^0 &&
 	git mv a0blgqsjc f5518nwu &&
 
-	for i in h62xsjeu j08bekfvt kg7xflhm
+	test_write_lines h62xsjeu j08bekfvt kg7xflhm >>f5518nwu &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >>f5518nwu &&
 	git add f5518nwu &&
 
 	test_tick &&

t/t2103-update-index-ignore-missing.sh

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ test_expect_success basics '
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 
 	git update-index --add one two three &&
-	for i in one three two; do echo $i; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines one three two >expect &&
 	git ls-files >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
 

t/t3417-rebase-whitespace-fix.sh

@@ -115,9 +115,7 @@ test_expect_success 'at beginning of file' '
 	git config core.whitespace "blank-at-eol" &&
 	cp beginning file &&
 	git commit -m beginning file &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 >>file &&
-		echo $i
-	done >> file &&
 	git commit -m more file &&
 	git rebase --whitespace=fix HEAD^^ &&
 	test_cmp expect-beginning file

t/t4013-diff-various.sh

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	mkdir dir &&
 	mkdir dir2 &&
-	for i in 1 2 3; do echo $i; done >file0 &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 >file0 &&
-	for i in A B; do echo $i; done >dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines A B >dir/sub &&
 	cat file0 >file2 &&
 	git add file0 file2 dir/sub &&
 	git commit -m Initial &&
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:01:00 +0000" &&
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 
-	for i in 4 5 6; do echo $i; done >>file0 &&
+	test_write_lines 4 5 6 >>file0 &&
-	for i in C D; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines C D >>dir/sub &&
 	rm -f file2 &&
 	git update-index --remove file0 file2 dir/sub &&
 	git commit -m "Second${LF}${LF}This is the second commit." &&
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:02:00 +0000" &&
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 
-	for i in A B C; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
+	test_write_lines A B C >file1 &&
 	git add file1 &&
-	for i in E F; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines E F >>dir/sub &&
 	git update-index dir/sub &&
 	git commit -m Third &&
 
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 
 	git checkout side &&
-	for i in A B C; do echo $i; done >>file0 &&
+	test_write_lines A B C >>file0 &&
-	for i in 1 2; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 >>dir/sub &&
 	cat dir/sub >file3 &&
 	git add file3 &&
 	git update-index file0 dir/sub &&
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:05:00 +0000" &&
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 
-	for i in A B C; do echo $i; done >>file0 &&
+	test_write_lines A B C >>file0 &&
-	for i in 1 2; do echo $i; done >>dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 >>dir/sub &&
 	git update-index file0 dir/sub &&
 
 	mkdir dir3 &&
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2006-06-26 00:06:00 +0000" &&
 	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE GIT_COMMITTER_DATE &&
 	git checkout -b rearrange initial &&
-	for i in B A; do echo $i; done >dir/sub &&
+	test_write_lines B A >dir/sub &&
 	git add dir/sub &&
 	git commit -m "Rearranged lines in dir/sub" &&
 	git checkout master &&

t/t4014-format-patch.sh

@@ -12,25 +12,25 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >file &&
 	cat file >elif &&
 	git add file elif &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m Initial &&
 	git checkout -b side &&
 
-	for i in 1 2 5 6 A B C 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 5 6 A B C 7 8 9 10 >file &&
 	test_chmod +x elif &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side changes #1" &&
 
-	for i in D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
+	test_write_lines D E F >>file &&
 	git update-index file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side changes #2" &&
 	git tag C2 &&
 
-	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
+	test_write_lines 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F >file &&
 	git update-index file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Side changes #3 with \\n backslash-n in it." &&
@@ -43,18 +43,18 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 
 	git checkout side &&
 	git checkout -b patchid &&
-	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >file2 &&
+	test_write_lines 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F >file2 &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F 5 6; do echo "$i"; done >file3 &&
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F 5 6 >file3 &&
-	for i in 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
+	test_write_lines 8 9 10 >file &&
 	git add file file2 file3 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "patchid 1" &&
-	for i in 4 A B 7 8 9 10; do echo "$i"; done >file2 &&
+	test_write_lines 4 A B 7 8 9 10 >file2 &&
-	for i in 8 9 10 5 6; do echo "$i"; done >file3 &&
+	test_write_lines 8 9 10 5 6 >file3 &&
 	git add file2 file3 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "patchid 2" &&
-	for i in 10 5 6; do echo "$i"; done >file &&
+	test_write_lines 10 5 6 >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "patchid 3" &&
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ test_expect_success 'excessive subject' '
 	git checkout side &&
 	before=$(git hash-object file) &&
 	before=$(git rev-parse --short $before) &&
-	for i in 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F; do echo "$i"; done >>file &&
+	test_write_lines 5 6 1 2 3 A 4 B C 7 8 9 10 D E F >>file &&
 	after=$(git hash-object file) &&
 	after=$(git rev-parse --short $after) &&
 	git update-index file &&
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ test_expect_success TTY 'format-patch --stdout paginates' '
 test_expect_success 'format-patch handles multi-line subjects' '
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
 	echo content >>file &&
-	for i in one two three; do echo $i; done >msg &&
+	test_write_lines one two three >msg &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -F msg &&
 	git format-patch -o patches -1 &&
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ test_expect_success 'format-patch handles multi-line subjects' '
 test_expect_success 'format-patch handles multi-line encoded subjects' '
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
 	echo content >>file &&
-	for i in en två tre; do echo $i; done >msg &&
+	test_write_lines en två tre >msg &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -F msg &&
 	git format-patch -o patches -1 &&

t/t4019-diff-wserror.sh

@@ -287,9 +287,9 @@ test_expect_success 'do not color trailing cr in context' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'color new trailing blank lines' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	test_write_lines a b "" "" >x &&
 	git add x &&
-	{ echo a; echo; echo; echo; echo c; echo; echo; echo; echo; } >x &&
+	test_write_lines a "" "" "" c "" "" "" "" >x &&
 	git diff --color x >output &&
 	cnt=$($grep_a "${blue_grep}" output | wc -l) &&
 	test $cnt = 2

t/t4105-apply-fuzz.sh

@@ -15,15 +15,9 @@ dotest () {
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 >file &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file &&
 	git update-index --add file &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a b c d e 8 9 10 11 12
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a b c d e 8 9 10 11 12 >file &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file &&
 	cat file >expect &&
 	git diff >O0.diff &&
 

t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh

@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ test_description='git apply in reverse
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
-	for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
+	test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i j k l m n >file1 &&
 	perl -pe "y/ijk/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git tag initial &&
 
-	for i in a b c g h i J K L m o n p q; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
+	test_write_lines a b c g h i J K L m o n p q >file1 &&
 	perl -pe "y/mon/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git commit -a -m second &&

t/t4117-apply-reject.sh

@@ -10,25 +10,16 @@ test_description='git apply with rejects
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 >file1 &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file1 &&
 	cat file1 >saved.file1 &&
 	git update-index --add file1 &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 
-	for i in 1 2 A B 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 D 21
+	test_write_lines 1 2 A B 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 D 21 >file1 &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file1 &&
 	git diff >patch.1 &&
 	cat file1 >clean &&
 
-	for i in 1 E 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F 21
+	test_write_lines 1 E 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F 21 >expected &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >expected &&
 
 	mv file1 file2 &&
 	git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 &&
@@ -38,10 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	mv saved.file1 file1 &&
 	git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 &&
 
-	for i in 1 E 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F 21
+	test_write_lines 1 E 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F 21 >file1 &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file1 &&
 
 	cat file1 >saved.file1
 '

t/t4118-apply-empty-context.sh

@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ test_description='git apply with new style GNU diff with empty context
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	{
+	test_write_lines "" "" A B C "" >file1 &&
-		echo; echo;
-		echo A; echo B; echo C;
-		echo;
-	} >file1 &&
 	cat file1 >file1.orig &&
 	{
 		cat file1 &&

t/t4124-apply-ws-rule.sh

@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (1)' '
 	test_might_fail git config --unset core.whitespace &&
 	rm -f .gitattributes &&
 
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >expect &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >expect &&
 	{ cat expect; echo; } >one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (1)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (2)' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo a; echo c; } >expect &&
+	test_write_lines a b >expect &&
-	{ cat expect; echo; echo; } >one &&
+	{ cat expect && test_write_lines "" ""; } >one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
 	git checkout one &&
@@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (2)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (3)' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b "" >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo a; echo c; echo; } >expect &&
+	test_write_lines a c "" >expect &&
-	{ cat expect; echo; echo; } >one &&
+	{ cat expect && test_write_lines "" ""; } >one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
 	git checkout one &&
@@ -266,9 +266,9 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=fix (3)' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at end of hunk, not at EOF with --whitespace=fix' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo d; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b "" "" "" "" "" d >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo a; echo c; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo; echo d; } >expect &&
+	test_write_lines a b "" "" "" "" "" "" d >expect &&
 	cp expect one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at end of hunk, not at EOF with --whitespace=fix' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=warn' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
 	echo >>one &&
 	cat one >expect &&
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=warn' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=error' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
 	cat one >expect &&
 	echo >>one &&
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ test_expect_success 'blank at EOF with --whitespace=error' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'blank but not empty at EOF' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
 	echo "   " >>one &&
 	cat one >expect &&
@@ -317,13 +317,13 @@ test_expect_success 'blank but not empty at EOF' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'applying beyond EOF requires one non-blank context line' '
-	{ echo; echo; echo; echo; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines "" "" "" "" >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo b; } >>one &&
+	echo b >>one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
 	git checkout one &&
-	{ echo a; echo; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a "" >one &&
 	cp one expect &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
 	test_cmp expect one &&
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ test_expect_success 'applying beyond EOF requires one non-blank context line' '
 
 test_expect_success 'tons of blanks at EOF should not apply' '
 	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16; do
-		echo; echo; echo; echo;
+		test_write_lines "" "" "" ""
 	done >one &&
 	git add one &&
 	echo a >>one &&
@@ -362,9 +362,9 @@ test_expect_success 'missing blank line at end with --whitespace=fix' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'two missing blank lines at end with --whitespace=fix' '
-	{ echo a; echo; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a "" b c >one &&
 	cp one no-blank-lines &&
-	{ echo; echo; } >>one &&
+	test_write_lines "" "" >>one &&
 	git add one &&
 	echo d >>one &&
 	cp one expect &&
@@ -381,9 +381,9 @@ test_expect_success 'two missing blank lines at end with --whitespace=fix' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'missing blank line at end, insert before end, --whitespace=fix' '
-	{ echo a; echo; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a "" >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo b; echo a; echo; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines b a "" >one &&
 	cp one expect &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 	echo a >one &&
@@ -393,10 +393,10 @@ test_expect_success 'missing blank line at end, insert before end, --whitespace=
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'shrink file with tons of missing blanks at end of file' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	cp one no-blank-lines &&
 	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16; do
-		echo; echo; echo; echo;
+		test_write_lines "" "" "" ""
 	done >>one &&
 	git add one &&
 	echo a >one &&
@@ -412,9 +412,9 @@ test_expect_success 'shrink file with tons of missing blanks at end of file' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'missing blanks at EOF must only match blank lines' '
-	{ echo a; echo b; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b >one &&
 	git add one &&
-	{ echo c; echo d; } >>one &&
+	test_write_lines c d >>one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
 
 	echo a >one &&
@@ -434,9 +434,9 @@ test_expect_success 'missing blank line should match context line with spaces' '
 	git add one &&
 	echo d >>one &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	cp one expect &&
-	{ echo; echo d; } >>expect &&
+	test_write_lines "" d >>expect &&
 	git add one &&
 
 	git apply --whitespace=fix patch &&
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ test_expect_success 'same, but with the --ignore-space-option' '
 	echo d >>one &&
 	cp one expect &&
 	git diff -- one >patch &&
-	{ echo a; echo b; echo c; } >one &&
+	test_write_lines a b c >one &&
 	git add one &&
 
 	git checkout-index -f one &&

t/t4126-apply-empty.sh

@@ -9,10 +9,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git add empty &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
-	for i in a b c d e
+	test_write_lines a b c d e >empty &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >empty &&
 	cat empty >expect &&
 	git diff |
 	sed -e "/^diff --git/d" \

t/t4127-apply-same-fn.sh

@@ -10,10 +10,7 @@ modify () {
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m
+	test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i j k l m >same_fn &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >same_fn &&
 	cp same_fn other_fn &&
 	git add same_fn other_fn &&
 	git commit -m initial

t/t4151-am-abort.sh

@@ -5,10 +5,7 @@ test_description='am --abort'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in a b c d e f g
+	test_write_lines a b c d e f g >file-1 &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >file-1 &&
 	cp file-1 file-2 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git add file-1 file-2 &&
@@ -43,10 +40,7 @@ do
 
 		test_must_fail git am$with3 000[1245]-*.patch &&
 		git log --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-		for i in 3 2 initial
+		test_write_lines 3 2 initial >expect &&
-		do
-			echo $i
-		done >expect &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	'
 

t/t5300-pack-object.sh

@@ -361,11 +361,7 @@ test_expect_success 'unpacking with --strict' '
 	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
 	git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" >actual &&
 	PACK5=$( git pack-objects test-5 <actual ) &&
-	PACK6=$( (
+	PACK6=$( test_write_lines "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
-			echo "$LIST"
-			echo "$LI"
-			echo "$ST"
-		 ) | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
 	test_create_repo test-5 &&
 	(
 		cd test-5 &&
@@ -408,11 +404,7 @@ test_expect_success 'index-pack with --strict' '
 	ST=$(git write-tree) &&
 	git rev-list --objects "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" >actual &&
 	PACK5=$( git pack-objects test-5 <actual ) &&
-	PACK6=$( (
+	PACK6=$( test_write_lines "$LIST" "$LI" "$ST" | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
-			echo "$LIST"
-			echo "$LI"
-			echo "$ST"
-		 ) | git pack-objects test-6 ) &&
 	test_create_repo test-7 &&
 	(
 		cd test-7 &&

t/t5306-pack-nobase.sh

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ test_description='git-pack-object with missing base
 #
 test_expect_success \
     'setup base' \
-    'for a in a b c d e f g h i; do echo $a >>text; done &&
+    'test_write_lines a b c d e f g h i >text &&
      echo side >side &&
      git update-index --add text side &&
      A=$(echo A | git commit-tree $(git write-tree)) &&

t/t5611-clone-config.sh

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ test_expect_success 'clone -c sets config in cloned repo' '
 test_expect_success 'clone -c can set multi-keys' '
 	rm -rf child &&
 	git clone -c core.foo=bar -c core.foo=baz . child &&
-	{ echo bar; echo baz; } >expect &&
+	test_write_lines bar baz >expect &&
 	git --git-dir=child/.git config --get-all core.foo >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '

t/t6019-rev-list-ancestry-path.sh

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list D..M' '
-	for c in E F G H I J K L M; do echo $c; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines E F G H I J K L M >expect &&
 	git rev-list --format=%s D..M |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" |
 	sort >actual &&
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list D..M' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path D..M' '
-	for c in E F H I J L M; do echo $c; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines E F H I J L M >expect &&
 	git rev-list --ancestry-path --format=%s D..M |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" |
 	sort >actual &&
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path D..M -- M.t' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list F...I' '
-	for c in F G H I; do echo $c; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines F G H I >expect &&
 	git rev-list --format=%s F...I |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" |
 	sort >actual &&
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list F...I' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path F...I' '
-	for c in F H I; do echo $c; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines F H I >expect &&
 	git rev-list --ancestry-path --format=%s F...I |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" |
 	sort >actual &&
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path G..M -- G.t' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rev-list --ancestry-path --simplify-merges G^..M -- G.t' '
-	for c in G L; do echo $c; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines G L >expect &&
 	git rev-list --ancestry-path --simplify-merges --format=%s G^..M -- G.t |
 	sed -e "/^commit /d" |
 	sort >actual &&

t/t6060-merge-index.sh

@@ -4,9 +4,7 @@ test_description='basic git merge-index / git-merge-one-file tests'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup diverging branches' '
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; do
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >file &&
-		echo $i
-	done >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m base &&
 	git tag base &&

t/t6409-merge-subtree.sh

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	s="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8" &&
-	for i in $s; do echo $i; done >hello &&
+	test_write_lines $s >hello &&
 	git add hello &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git checkout -b side &&
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	git add hello &&
 	git commit -m second &&
 	git checkout main &&
-	for i in mundo $s; do echo $i; done >hello &&
+	test_write_lines mundo $s >hello &&
 	git add hello &&
 	git commit -m main
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 test_expect_success 'subtree available and works like recursive' '
 
 	git merge -s subtree side &&
-	for i in mundo $s world; do echo $i; done >expect &&
+	test_write_lines mundo $s world >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect hello
 
 '

t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh

@@ -7,10 +7,7 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >file &&
-	do
-		echo "$i"
-	done >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	cp file elif &&
 	git commit -m initial &&

t/t7501-commit-basic-functionality.sh

@@ -667,10 +667,7 @@ test_expect_success 'amend can copy notes' '
 
 test_expect_success 'commit a file whose name is a dash' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 >./- &&
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >./- &&
 	git add ./- &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "add dash" >output </dev/null &&

t/t8003-blame-corner-cases.sh

@@ -13,14 +13,8 @@ test_expect_success setup '
 	echo B B B B B >two &&
 	echo C C C C C >tres &&
 	echo ABC >mouse &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >nine_lines &&
-	do
+	test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a >ten_lines &&
-		echo $i
-	done >nine_lines &&
-	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a
-	do
-		echo $i
-	done >ten_lines &&
 	git add one two tres mouse nine_lines ten_lines &&
 	test_tick &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Initial git commit -m Initial &&