Merge branch 'en/zdiff3'

"Zealous diff3" style of merge conflict presentation has been added.

* en/zdiff3:
  update documentation for new zdiff3 conflictStyle
  xdiff: implement a zealous diff3, or "zdiff3"

Documentation/config/merge.txt

@@ -4,7 +4,14 @@ merge.conflictStyle::
 	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
 	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
 	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
-	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
+	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.  The
+	"merge" style tends to produce smaller conflict regions than diff3,
+	both because of the exclusion of the original text, and because
+	when a subset of lines match on the two sides they are just pulled
+	out of the conflict region.  Another alternate style, "zdiff3", is
+	similar to diff3 but removes matching lines on the two sides from
+	the conflict region when those matching lines appear near either
+	the beginning or end of a conflict region.
 
 merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream

Documentation/git-checkout.txt

@@ -266,8 +266,7 @@ When switching branches with `--merge`, staged changes may be lost.
 	The same as `--merge` option above, but changes the way the
 	conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
 	`merge.conflictStyle` configuration variable.  Possible values are
-	"merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
+	"merge" (default), "diff3", and "zdiff3".
-	"merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
 -p::
 --patch::

Documentation/git-merge-file.txt

@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ OPTIONS
 --diff3::
 	Show conflicts in "diff3" style.
 
+--zdiff3::
+	Show conflicts in "zdiff3" style.
+
 --ours::
 --theirs::
 --union::

Documentation/git-merge.txt

@@ -240,7 +240,8 @@ from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
 
 ------------
 Here are lines that are either unchanged from the common
-ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
+ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed,
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed the same way.
 <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
 Conflict resolution is hard;
 let's go shopping.
@@ -261,16 +262,37 @@ side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
 other side wants to claim it is easy.
 
 An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
-configuration variable to "diff3".  In "diff3" style, the above conflict
+configuration variable to either "diff3" or "zdiff3".  In "diff3"
-may look like this:
+style, the above conflict may look like this:
 
 ------------
 Here are lines that are either unchanged from the common
-ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
+ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed,
+<<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed the same way.
+Conflict resolution is hard;
+let's go shopping.
+||||||| base:sample.txt
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed identically.
+Conflict resolution is hard.
+=======
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed the same way.
+Git makes conflict resolution easy.
+>>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
+And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
+------------
+
+while in "zdiff3" style, it may look like this:
+
+------------
+Here are lines that are either unchanged from the common
+ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed,
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed the same way.
 <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
 Conflict resolution is hard;
 let's go shopping.
-|||||||
+||||||| base:sample.txt
+or cleanly resolved because both sides changed identically.
 Conflict resolution is hard.
 =======
 Git makes conflict resolution easy.

Documentation/git-rebase.txt

@@ -714,9 +714,9 @@ information about the rebased commits and their parents (and instead
 generates new fake commits based off limited information in the
 generated patches), those commits cannot be identified; instead it has
 to fall back to a commit summary.  Also, when merge.conflictStyle is
-set to diff3, the apply backend will use "constructed merge base" to
+set to diff3 or zdiff3, the apply backend will use "constructed merge
-label the content from the merge base, and thus provide no information
+base" to label the content from the merge base, and thus provide no
-about the merge base commit whatsoever.
+information about the merge base commit whatsoever.
 
 The merge backend works with the full commits on both sides of history
 and thus has no such limitations.

Documentation/git-restore.txt

@@ -92,8 +92,7 @@ in linkgit:git-checkout[1] for details.
 	The same as `--merge` option above, but changes the way the
 	conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
 	`merge.conflictStyle` configuration variable.  Possible values
-	are "merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is
+	are "merge" (default), "diff3", and "zdiff3".
-	shown by "merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
 --ignore-unmerged::
 	When restoring files on the working tree from the index, do

Documentation/git-switch.txt

@@ -137,8 +137,7 @@ should result in deletion of the path).
 	The same as `--merge` option above, but changes the way the
 	conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
 	`merge.conflictStyle` configuration variable.  Possible values are
-	"merge" (default) and "diff3" (in addition to what is shown by
+	"merge" (default), "diff3", and "zdiff3".
-	"merge" style, shows the original contents).
 
 -q::
 --quiet::

Documentation/technical/rerere.txt

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ conflicts before writing them to the rerere database.
 
 Different conflict styles and branch names are normalized by stripping
 the labels from the conflict markers, and removing the common ancestor
-version from the `diff3` conflict style. Branches that are merged
+version from the `diff3` or `zdiff3` conflict styles.  Branches that
-in different order are normalized by sorting the conflict hunks.  More
+are merged in different order are normalized by sorting the conflict
-on each of those steps in the following sections.
+hunks.  More on each of those steps in the following sections.
 
 Once these two normalization operations are applied, a conflict ID is
 calculated based on the normalized conflict, which is later used by
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ get a conflict like the following:
     >>>>>>> AC
 
 Doing the analogous with AC2 (forking a branch ABAC2 off of branch AB
-and then merging branch AC2 into it), using the diff3 conflict style,
+and then merging branch AC2 into it), using the diff3 or zdiff3
-we get a conflict like the following:
+conflict style, we get a conflict like the following:
 
     <<<<<<< HEAD
     B

builtin/checkout.c

@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ static struct option *add_common_options(struct checkout_opts *opts,
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &opts->show_progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
 		OPT_BOOL('m', "merge", &opts->merge, N_("perform a 3-way merge with the new branch")),
 		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &opts->conflict_style, N_("style"),
-			   N_("conflict style (merge or diff3)")),
+			   N_("conflict style (merge, diff3, or zdiff3)")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	struct option *newopts = parse_options_concat(prevopts, options);

builtin/merge-file.c

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, N_("send results to standard output")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "zdiff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a zealous diff3 based merge"),
+				XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "ours", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use our version"),
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "theirs", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use their version"),

contrib/completion/git-completion.bash

@@ -1566,7 +1566,7 @@ _git_checkout ()
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--conflict=*)
-		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
+		__gitcomp "diff3 merge zdiff3" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
 		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp_builtin checkout
@@ -2437,7 +2437,7 @@ _git_switch ()
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--conflict=*)
-		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
+		__gitcomp "diff3 merge zdiff3" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
 		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp_builtin switch
@@ -2877,7 +2877,7 @@ _git_restore ()
 
 	case "$cur" in
 	--conflict=*)
-		__gitcomp "diff3 merge" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
+		__gitcomp "diff3 merge zdiff3" "" "${cur##--conflict=}"
 		;;
 	--source=*)
 		__git_complete_refs --cur="${cur##--source=}"

t/t6427-diff3-conflict-markers.sh

@@ -211,4 +211,94 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --apply describes fake ancestor base' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_setup_zdiff3 () {
+	test_create_repo zdiff3 &&
+	(
+		cd zdiff3 &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >basic &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 AA 4 5 BB 6 7 8 >middle-common &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >interesting &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >evil &&
+
+		git add basic middle-common interesting evil &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+
+		git branch left &&
+		git branch right &&
+
+		git checkout left &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A B C D E 7 8 9 >basic &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 CC 4 5 DD 6 7 8 >middle-common &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A B C D E F G H I J 7 8 9 >interesting &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 X A B C 7 8 9 >evil &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m letters &&
+
+		git checkout right &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A X C Y E 7 8 9 >basic &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 EE 4 5 FF 6 7 8 >middle-common &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A B C 5 6 G H I J 7 8 9 >interesting &&
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 Y A B C B C 7 8 9 >evil &&
+		git add -u &&
+		git commit -m permuted
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'check zdiff3 markers' '
+	test_setup_zdiff3 &&
+	(
+		cd zdiff3 &&
+
+		git checkout left^0 &&
+
+		base=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD^1) &&
+		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=zdiff3 merge -s recursive right^0 &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A \
+				 "<<<<<<< HEAD" B C D \
+				 "||||||| $base" 5 6 \
+				 ======= X C Y \
+				 ">>>>>>> right^0" \
+				 E 7 8 9 \
+				 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect basic &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 \
+				 "<<<<<<< HEAD" CC \
+				 "||||||| $base" AA \
+				 ======= EE \
+				 ">>>>>>> right^0" \
+				 4 5 \
+				 "<<<<<<< HEAD" DD \
+				 "||||||| $base" BB \
+				 ======= FF \
+				 ">>>>>>> right^0" \
+				 6 7 8 \
+				 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect middle-common &&
+
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 A B C \
+				 "<<<<<<< HEAD" D E F \
+				 "||||||| $base" 5 6 \
+				 ======= 5 6 \
+				 ">>>>>>> right^0" \
+				 G H I J 7 8 9 \
+				 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect interesting &&
+
+		# Not passing this one yet; the common "B C" lines is still
+		# being left in the conflict blocks on the left and right
+		# sides.
+		test_write_lines 1 2 3 4 \
+				 "<<<<<<< HEAD" X A \
+				 "||||||| $base" 5 6 \
+				 ======= Y A B C \
+				 ">>>>>>> right^0" \
+				 B C 7 8 9 \
+				 >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect evil
+	)
+'
+
 test_done

xdiff-interface.c

@@ -313,6 +313,8 @@ int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 			die("'%s' is not a boolean", var);
 		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
 			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_DIFF3;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "zdiff3"))
+			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
 			git_xmerge_style = 0;
 		/*

xdiff/xdiff.h

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ extern "C" {
 
 /* merge output styles */
 #define XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 1
+#define XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3 2
 
 typedef struct s_mmfile {
 	char *ptr;

xdiff/xmerge.c

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, needs_cr, 1,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 
-	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 || style == XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3) {
 		/* Shared preimage */
 		if (!dest) {
 			size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker3_size;
@@ -322,6 +322,40 @@ static int xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 	return size;
 }
 
+static int recmatch(xrecord_t *rec1, xrecord_t *rec2, unsigned long flags)
+{
+	return xdl_recmatch(rec1->ptr, rec1->size,
+			    rec2->ptr, rec2->size, flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove any common lines from the beginning and end of the conflicted region.
+ */
+static void xdl_refine_zdiff3_conflicts(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdfenv_t *xe2, xdmerge_t *m,
+		xpparam_t const *xpp)
+{
+	xrecord_t **rec1 = xe1->xdf2.recs, **rec2 = xe2->xdf2.recs;
+	for (; m; m = m->next) {
+		/* let's handle just the conflicts */
+		if (m->mode)
+			continue;
+
+		while(m->chg1 && m->chg2 &&
+		      recmatch(rec1[m->i1], rec2[m->i2], xpp->flags)) {
+			m->chg1--;
+			m->chg2--;
+			m->i1++;
+			m->i2++;
+		}
+		while (m->chg1 && m->chg2 &&
+		       recmatch(rec1[m->i1 + m->chg1 - 1],
+				rec2[m->i2 + m->chg2 - 1], xpp->flags)) {
+			m->chg1--;
+			m->chg2--;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Sometimes, changes are not quite identical, but differ in only a few
  * lines. Try hard to show only these few lines as conflicting.
@@ -482,7 +516,22 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1,
 	int style = xmp->style;
 	int favor = xmp->favor;
 
-	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+	/*
+	 * XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 does not attempt to refine conflicts by looking
+	 * at common areas of sides 1 & 2, because the base (side 0) does
+	 * not match and is being shown.  Similarly, simplification of
+	 * non-conflicts is also skipped due to the skipping of conflict
+	 * refinement.
+	 *
+	 * XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3, on the other hand, will attempt to
+	 * refine conflicts looking for common areas of sides 1 & 2.
+	 * However, since the base is being shown and does not match,
+	 * it will only look for common areas at the beginning or end
+	 * of the conflict block.  Since XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3's
+	 * conflict refinement is much more limited in this fashion, the
+	 * conflict simplification will be skipped.
+	 */
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 || style == XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3) {
 		/*
 		 * "diff3 -m" output does not make sense for anything
 		 * more aggressive than XDL_MERGE_EAGER.
@@ -603,7 +652,9 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1,
 	if (!changes)
 		changes = c;
 	/* refine conflicts */
-	if (XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS <= level &&
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS_DIFF3) {
+		xdl_refine_zdiff3_conflicts(xe1, xe2, changes, xpp);
+	} else if (XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS <= level &&
 		   (xdl_refine_conflicts(xe1, xe2, changes, xpp) < 0 ||
 		    xdl_simplify_non_conflicts(xe1, changes,
 					       XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS < level) < 0)) {