C99: remove hardcoded-out !HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS code

Remove the "else" branches of the HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS macro, which
have been unconditionally omitted since 765dc16888 (git-compat-util:
always enable variadic macros, 2021-01-28).

Since were always omitted, anyone trying to use a compiler without
variadic macro support to compile a git since version
git v2.31.0 or later would have had a compilation error. 10 months
across a few releases since then should have been enough time for
anyone who cared to run into that and report the issue.

In addition to that, for anyone unsetting HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS we've
been emitting extremely verbose warnings since at least
ee4512ed48 (trace2: create new combined trace facility,
2019-02-22). That's because there is no such thing as a
"region_enter_printf" or "region_leave_printf" format, so at least
under GCC and Clang everything that includes trace.h (almost every
file) emits a couple of warnings about that.

There's a large benefit to being able to have a hard dependency rely
on variadic macros, the code surrounding usage.c is hard to maintain
if we need to write two implementations of everything, and by relying
on "__FILE__" and "__LINE__" along with "__VA_ARGS__" we can in the
future make error(), die() etc. log where they were called from. We've
also recently merged d67fc4bf0b (Merge branch 'bc/require-c99',
2021-12-10) which further cements our hard dependency on C99.

So let's delete the fallback code, and update our CodingGuidelines to
note that we depend on this. The added bullet-point starts with
lower-case for consistency with other bullet-points in that section.

The diff in "trace.h" is relatively hard to read, since we need to
retain the existing API docs, which were comments on the code used if
HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS was not defined.

Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Documentation/CodingGuidelines

@@ -217,6 +217,9 @@ For C programs:
    . since mid 2017 with 512f41cf, we have been using designated
      initializers for array (e.g. "int array[10] = { [5] = 2 }").
 
+   . since early 2021 with 765dc168882, we have been using variadic
+     macros, mostly for printf-like trace and debug macros.
+
    These used to be forbidden, but we have not heard any breakage
    report, and they are assumed to be safe.