list-objects-filter: implement composite filters

Allow combining filters such that only objects accepted by all filters
are shown. The motivation for this is to allow getting directory
listings without also fetching blobs. This can be done by combining
blob:none with tree:<depth>. There are massive repositories that have
larger-than-expected trees - even if you include only a single commit.

A combined filter supports any number of subfilters, and is written in
the following form:

	combine:<filter 1>+<filter 2>+<filter 3>

Certain non-alphanumeric characters in each filter must be
URL-encoded.

For now, combined filters must be specified in this form. In a
subsequent commit, rev-list will support multiple --filter arguments
which will have the same effect as specifying one filter argument
starting with "combine:". The documentation will be updated in that
commit, as the URL-encoding scheme is in general not meant to be used
directly by the user, and it is better to describe the URL-encoding
feature in terms of the repeated flag.

Helped-by: Emily Shaffer <emilyshaffer@google.com>
Helped-by: Jeff Hostetler <git@jeffhostetler.com>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <Johannes.Schindelin@gmx.de>
Helped-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew DeVore <matvore@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

url.c

@@ -86,6 +86,12 @@ char *url_decode_mem(const char *url, int len)
 	return url_decode_internal(&url, len, NULL, &out, 0);
 }
 
+char *url_percent_decode(const char *encoded)
+{
+	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
+	return url_decode_internal(&encoded, strlen(encoded), NULL, &out, 0);
+}
+
 char *url_decode_parameter_name(const char **query)
 {
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;