odb: teach read_blob_entry to use size_t

There is mixed use of size_t and unsigned long to deal with sizes in the
codebase. Recall that Windows defines unsigned long as 32 bits even on
64-bit platforms, meaning that converting size_t to unsigned long narrows
the range. This mostly doesn't cause a problem since Git rarely deals
with files larger than 2^32 bytes.

But adjunct systems such as Git LFS, which use smudge/clean filters to
keep huge files out of the repository, may have huge file contents passed
through some of the functions in entry.c and convert.c. On Windows, this
results in a truncated file being written to the workdir. I traced this to
one specific use of unsigned long in write_entry (and a similar instance
in write_pc_item_to_fd for parallel checkout). That appeared to be for
the call to read_blob_entry, which expects a pointer to unsigned long.

By altering the signature of read_blob_entry to expect a size_t,
write_entry can be switched to use size_t internally (which all of its
callers and most of its callees already used). To avoid touching dozens of
additional files, read_blob_entry uses a local unsigned long to call a
chain of functions which aren't prepared to accept size_t.

Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Matt Cooper <vtbassmatt@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

t/t1051-large-conversion.sh

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ test_expect_success 'ident converts on output' '
 
 # This smudge filter prepends 5GB of zeros to the file it checks out. This
 # ensures that smudging doesn't mangle large files on 64-bit Windows.
-test_expect_failure EXPENSIVE,SIZE_T_IS_64BIT,!LONG_IS_64BIT \
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE,SIZE_T_IS_64BIT,!LONG_IS_64BIT \
 		'files over 4GB convert on output' '
 	test_commit test small "a small file" &&
 	small_size=$(test_file_size small) &&