Git 2.31.6

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

.cirrus.yml

@@ -2,15 +2,8 @@ env:
   CIRRUS_CLONE_DEPTH: 1
 
 freebsd_12_task:
-  env:
-    GIT_PROVE_OPTS: "--timer --jobs 10"
-    GIT_TEST_OPTS: "--no-chain-lint --no-bin-wrappers"
-    MAKEFLAGS: "-j4"
-    DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET: prove
-    DEVELOPER: 1
   freebsd_instance:
-    image_family: freebsd-12-2
+    image: freebsd-12-1-release-amd64
-    memory: 2G
   install_script:
     pkg install -y gettext gmake perl5
   create_user_script:

.github/workflows/check-whitespace.yml

@@ -12,9 +12,15 @@ jobs:
   check-whitespace:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
+    - name: Set commit count
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "COMMIT_DEPTH=$((1+$COMMITS))" >>$GITHUB_ENV
+      env:
+        COMMITS: ${{ github.event.pull_request.commits }}
+
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
+        fetch-depth: ${{ env.COMMIT_DEPTH }}
 
     - name: git log --check
       id: check_out
@@ -41,9 +47,25 @@ jobs:
             echo "${dash} ${etc}"
             ;;
           esac
-        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" ${{github.event.pull_request.base.sha}}..)
+        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" -${{github.event.pull_request.commits}})
 
         if test -n "${log}"
         then
+          echo "::set-output name=checkout::"${log}""
           exit 2
         fi
+
+    - name: Add Check Output as Comment
+      uses: actions/github-script@v3
+      id: add-comment
+      env:
+        log: ${{ steps.check_out.outputs.checkout }}
+      with:
+        script: |
+            await github.issues.createComment({
+              issue_number: context.issue.number,
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              body: `Whitespace errors found in workflow ${{ github.workflow }}:\n\n\`\`\`\n${process.env.log.replace(/\\n/g, "\n")}\n\`\`\``
+            })
+      if: ${{ failure() }}

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -81,21 +81,44 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
-    - name: build
       shell: bash
+      run: |
+        ## Get artifact
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
+    - name: build
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         HOME: ${{runner.workspace}}
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_PERL: 1
-      run: ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
+      run: |
-    - name: zip up tracked files
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
+        printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
+
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+          ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
+        "@
+    - name: upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: artifacts
+    - name: upload git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: git-sdk-64-minimal
   windows-test:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     needs: [windows-build]
@@ -104,25 +127,37 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
-      run: ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
     - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
-      run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -130,17 +165,27 @@ jobs:
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     env:
+      MSYSTEM: MINGW64
       NO_PERL: 1
       GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS: "'user.name=CI' 'user.email=ci@git'"
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
-    - name: initialize vcpkg
+      shell: bash
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      run: |
-      with:
+        ## Get artifact
-        repository: 'microsoft/vcpkg'
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
-        path: 'compat/vcbuild/vcpkg'
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
     - name: download vcpkg artifacts
       shell: powershell
       run: |
@@ -153,60 +198,75 @@ jobs:
     - name: add msbuild to PATH
       uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1
     - name: copy dlls to root
-      shell: cmd
+      shell: powershell
-      run: compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+      run: |
+        & compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+        if (!$?) { exit(1) }
     - name: generate Visual Studio solution
       shell: bash
       run: |
         cmake `pwd`/contrib/buildsystems/ -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=`pwd`/compat/vcbuild/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows \
-        -DNO_GETTEXT=YesPlease -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
+        -DMSGFMT_EXE=`pwd`/git-sdk-64-minimal/mingw64/bin/msgfmt.exe -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
     - name: MSBuild
       run: msbuild git.sln -property:Configuration=Release -property:Platform=x64 -maxCpuCount:4 -property:PlatformToolset=v142
     - name: bundle artifact tar
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         MSVC: 1
         VCPKG_ROOT: ${{github.workspace}}\compat\vcbuild\vcpkg
       run: |
-        mkdir -p artifacts &&
+        & git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
-        eval "$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease 2>&1 | grep ^tar)"
+          mkdir -p artifacts &&
-    - name: zip up tracked files
+          eval \"`$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts 2>&1 | grep ^tar)\"
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
+        "@
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: upload build artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: artifacts
   vs-test:
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: vs-build
+    needs: [vs-build, windows-build]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_SVN_TESTS: 1
         GIT_TEST_SKIP_REBASE_P: 1
-      run: ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK and the test-cache
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ /test-cache/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
     - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
-      run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -237,14 +297,14 @@ jobs:
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
     runs-on: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
     - run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -259,8 +319,6 @@ jobs:
           image: alpine
         - jobname: Linux32
           image: daald/ubuntu32:xenial
-        - jobname: pedantic
-          image: fedora
     env:
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -284,29 +342,9 @@ jobs:
       jobname: StaticAnalysis
     runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
-  sparse:
-    needs: ci-config
-    if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
-    env:
-      jobname: sparse
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    steps:
-    - name: Download a current `sparse` package
-      # Ubuntu's `sparse` version is too old for us
-      uses: git-for-windows/get-azure-pipelines-artifact@v0
-      with:
-        repository: git/git
-        definitionId: 10
-        artifact: sparse-20.04
-    - name: Install the current `sparse` package
-      run: sudo dpkg -i sparse-20.04/sparse_*.deb
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install other dependencies
-      run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
-    - run: make sparse
   documentation:
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
@@ -314,6 +352,6 @@ jobs:
       jobname: Documentation
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/test-documentation.sh

.gitignore

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 /git-check-mailmap
 /git-check-ref-format
 /git-checkout
-/git-checkout--worker
 /git-checkout-index
 /git-cherry
 /git-cherry-pick
@@ -163,7 +162,6 @@
 /git-stripspace
 /git-submodule
 /git-submodule--helper
-/git-subtree
 /git-svn
 /git-switch
 /git-symbolic-ref

.mailmap

@@ -220,7 +220,6 @@ Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx> <ph@sorgh.de>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
 Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com> <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
-Ramkumar Ramachandra <r@artagnon.com> <artagnon@gmail.com>
 Randall S. Becker <randall.becker@nexbridge.ca> <rsbecker@nexbridge.com>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> Rene Scharfe

Documentation/CodingGuidelines

@@ -175,11 +175,6 @@ For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
    does not have such a problem.
 
- - Even though "local" is not part of POSIX, we make heavy use of it
-   in our test suite.  We do not use it in scripted Porcelains, and
-   hopefully nobody starts using "local" before they are reimplemented
-   in C ;-)
-
 
 For C programs:
 
@@ -503,12 +498,7 @@ Error Messages
 
  - Do not end error messages with a full stop.
 
- - Do not capitalize the first word, only because it is the first word
+ - Do not capitalize ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s")
-   in the message ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s").  But
-   "SHA-3 not supported" is fine, because the reason the first word is
-   capitalized is not because it is at the beginning of the sentence,
-   but because the word would be spelled in capital letters even when
-   it appeared in the middle of the sentence.
 
  - Say what the error is first ("cannot open %s", not "%s: cannot open")
 
@@ -551,51 +541,6 @@ Writing Documentation:
  documentation, please see the documentation-related advice in the
  Documentation/SubmittingPatches file).
 
- In order to ensure the documentation is inclusive, avoid assuming
- that an unspecified example person is male or female, and think
- twice before using "he", "him", "she", or "her".  Here are some
- tips to avoid use of gendered pronouns:
-
-  - Prefer succinctness and matter-of-factly describing functionality
-    in the abstract.  E.g.
-
-     --short:: Emit output in the short-format.
-
-    and avoid something like these overly verbose alternatives:
-
-     --short:: Use this to emit output in the short-format.
-     --short:: You can use this to get output in the short-format.
-     --short:: A user who prefers shorter output could....
-     --short:: Should a person and/or program want shorter output, he
-               she/they/it can...
-
-    This practice often eliminates the need to involve human actors in
-    your description, but it is a good practice regardless of the
-    avoidance of gendered pronouns.
-
-  - When it becomes awkward to stick to this style, prefer "you" when
-    addressing the the hypothetical user, and possibly "we" when
-    discussing how the program might react to the user.  E.g.
-
-      You can use this option instead of --xyz, but we might remove
-      support for it in future versions.
-
-    while keeping in mind that you can probably be less verbose, e.g.
-
-      Use this instead of --xyz. This option might be removed in future
-      versions.
-
-  - If you still need to refer to an example person that is
-    third-person singular, you may resort to "singular they" to avoid
-    "he/she/him/her", e.g.
-
-      A contributor asks their upstream to pull from them.
-
-    Note that this sounds ungrammatical and unnatural to those who
-    learned that "they" is only used for third-person plural, e.g.
-    those who learn English as a second language in some parts of the
-    world.
-
  Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
  The same general rule as for code applies -- imitate the existing
  conventions.

Documentation/Makefile

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 MAN1_TXT =
 MAN5_TXT =
 MAN7_TXT =
-HOWTO_TXT =
-DOC_DEP_TXT =
 TECH_DOCS =
 ARTICLES =
 SP_ARTICLES =
@@ -44,11 +42,6 @@ MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
 
-HOWTO_TXT += $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard *.txt)
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard config/*.txt)
-
 ifdef MAN_FILTER
 MAN_TXT = $(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT))
 else
@@ -83,7 +76,6 @@ SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebuild-from-update-hook
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebase-from-internal-branch
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/keep-canonical-history-correct
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/maintain-git
-SP_ARTICLES += howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
 SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
 
@@ -98,7 +90,6 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/multi-pack-index
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-format
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-heuristics
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-protocol
-TECH_DOCS += technical/parallel-checkout
 TECH_DOCS += technical/partial-clone
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-capabilities
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
@@ -139,7 +130,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_CONF = -f asciidoc.conf
 ASCIIDOC_COMMON = $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
 		-amanversion=$(GIT_VERSION) \
 		-amanmanual='Git Manual' -amansource='Git'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoc.conf GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 TXT_TO_HTML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_HTML)
 TXT_TO_XML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK)
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
@@ -194,7 +184,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook5
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -acompat-mode -atabsize=8
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -I. -rasciidoctor-extensions
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 DBLATEX_COMMON =
 XMLTO_EXTRA += --skip-validation
 XMLTO_EXTRA += -x manpage.xsl
@@ -295,8 +284,10 @@ docdep_prereqs = \
 	mergetools-list.made $(mergetools_txt) \
 	cmd-list.made $(cmds_txt)
 
-doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) build-docdep.perl
+doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(wildcard *.txt) $(wildcard config/*.txt) build-docdep.perl
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@ $(QUIET_STDERR)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
 -include doc.dep
@@ -316,7 +307,8 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
 $(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
 
 cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
 mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
@@ -324,7 +316,7 @@ mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
 $(mergetools_txt): mergetools-list.made
 
 mergetools-list.made: ../git-mergetool--lib.sh $(wildcard ../mergetools/*)
-	$(QUIET_GEN) \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
 	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
 		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
 		show_tool_names can_diff "* " || :' >mergetools-diff.txt && \
@@ -353,23 +345,32 @@ clean:
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 	$(RM) GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 
-$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
+$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
+$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
 	$(QUIET_GEN)sed "s|@@MAN_BASE_URL@@|$(MAN_BASE_URL)|" $< > $@
 
 %.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml manpage-base-url.xsl $(wildcard manpage*.xsl)
-	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
+	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
-%.xml : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
+%.xml : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
 	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
@@ -390,35 +391,46 @@ XSLTOPTS += --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 XSLTOPTS += --param generate.consistent.ids 1
 
 user-manual.html: user-manual.xml $(XSLT)
-	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@+ $(XSLT) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 git.info: user-manual.texi
 	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
 
 user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@+ && \
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@+ >$@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(DBLATEX) -o $@ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $<
+	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI) \
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	($(foreach xml,$(sort $(MAN_XML)),xsltproc -o $(xml)+ texi.xsl $(xml) && \
 		$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout $(xml)+ && \
-		$(RM) $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@+ && \
+		rm $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@++ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@+ >$@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.info: gitman.texi
 	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(HOWTO_TXT)
+howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(HOWTO_TXT)) >$@
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(wildcard howto/*.txt)) >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) $*.txt
@@ -426,10 +438,11 @@ $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
 howto/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
-$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(HOWTO_TXT)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC) \
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | \
-	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 install-webdoc : html
 	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
@@ -457,20 +470,11 @@ print-man1:
 	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
 
 lint-docs::
-	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl \
+	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
-		$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) \
-		--section=1 $(MAN1_TXT) \
-		--section=5 $(MAN5_TXT) \
-		--section=7 $(MAN7_TXT); \
-	$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-end-blurb.perl $(MAN_TXT); \
-	$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-section-order.perl $(MAN_TXT);
 
 ifeq ($(wildcard po/Makefile),po/Makefile)
 doc-l10n install-l10n::
 	$(MAKE) -C po $@
 endif
 
-# Delete the target file on error
-.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
-
 .PHONY: FORCE

Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Veteran contributors who are especially interested in helping mentor newcomers
 are present on the list. In order to avoid search indexers, group membership is
 required to view messages; anyone can join and no approval is required.
 
-==== https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Libera Chat
+==== https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Freenode
 
 This IRC channel is for conversations between Git contributors. If someone is
 currently online and knows the answer to your question, you can receive help
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ either examining recent pull requests where someone has been granted `/allow`
 (https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/pulls?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Apr+is%3Aopen+%22%2Fallow%22[Search:
 is:pr is:open "/allow"]), in which case both the author and the person who
 granted the `/allow` can now `/allow` you, or by inquiring on the
-https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Libera Chat
+https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Freenode
 linking your pull request and asking for someone to `/allow` you.
 
 If the CI fails, you can update your changes with `git rebase -i` and push your

Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt

@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ help understand. In our case, that means we omit trees and blobs not directly
 referenced by `HEAD` or `HEAD`'s history, because we begin the walk with only
 `HEAD` in the `pending` list.)
 
-First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h"` and set up the
+First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h`" and set up the
 `struct list_objects_filter_options` at the top of the function.
 
 ----
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ Count all the objects within and modify the print statement:
 	while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&oit)))
 		omitted_count++;
 
-	printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees %d\nomitted %d\n",
+	printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees%d\nomitted %d\n",
 		commit_count, blob_count, tag_count, tree_count, omitted_count);
 ----
 

Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Fixes since v1.6.0.2
   if the working tree is currently dirty.
 
 * "git for-each-ref --format=%(subject)" fixed for commits with no
-  newline in the message body.
+  no newline in the message body.
 
 * "git remote" fixed to protect printf from user input.
 

Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.txt

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ details).
    (merge 2fbd4f9 mh/maint-lockfile-overflow later to maint).
 
  * Invocations of "git checkout" used internally by "git rebase" were
-   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -", which took
+   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -" to the
    the user to an unexpected place.
    (merge 3bed291 rr/rebase-checkout-reflog later to maint).
 

Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt

@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    the ref backend in use, as its format is much richer than the
    normal refs, and written directly by "git fetch" as a plain file..
 
- * An unused binary has been discarded, and a bunch of commands
+ * An unused binary has been discarded, and and a bunch of commands
-   have been turned into built-in.
+   have been turned into into built-in.
 
  * A handful of places in in-tree code still relied on being able to
    execute the git subcommands, especially built-ins, in "git-foo"

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.5.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.30.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release contains minor fix-ups for the changes that went into
+Git 2.30.3 and 2.30.4, addressing CVE-2022-29187.
+
+ * The safety check that verifies a safe ownership of the Git
+   worktree is now extended to also cover the ownership of the Git
+   directory (and the `.git` file, if there is any).
+
+Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón (1):
+      setup: tighten ownership checks post CVE-2022-24765

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.6.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+Git v2.30.6 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release addresses the security issues CVE-2022-39253 and
+CVE-2022-39260.
+
+Fixes since v2.30.5
+-------------------
+
+ * CVE-2022-39253:
+   When relying on the `--local` clone optimization, Git dereferences
+   symbolic links in the source repository before creating hardlinks
+   (or copies) of the dereferenced link in the destination repository.
+   This can lead to surprising behavior where arbitrary files are
+   present in a repository's `$GIT_DIR` when cloning from a malicious
+   repository.
+
+   Git will no longer dereference symbolic links via the `--local`
+   clone mechanism, and will instead refuse to clone repositories that
+   have symbolic links present in the `$GIT_DIR/objects` directory.
+
+   Additionally, the value of `protocol.file.allow` is changed to be
+   "user" by default.
+
+ * CVE-2022-39260:
+   An overly-long command string given to `git shell` can result in
+   overflow in `split_cmdline()`, leading to arbitrary heap writes and
+   remote code execution when `git shell` is exposed and the directory
+   `$HOME/git-shell-commands` exists.
+
+   `git shell` is taught to refuse interactive commands that are
+   longer than 4MiB in size. `split_cmdline()` is hardened to reject
+   inputs larger than 2GiB.
+
+Credit for finding CVE-2022-39253 goes to Cory Snider of Mirantis. The
+fix was authored by Taylor Blau, with help from Johannes Schindelin.
+
+Credit for finding CVE-2022-39260 goes to Kevin Backhouse of GitHub.
+The fix was authored by Kevin Backhouse, Jeff King, and Taylor Blau.
+
+
+Jeff King (2):
+      shell: add basic tests
+      shell: limit size of interactive commands
+
+Kevin Backhouse (1):
+      alias.c: reject too-long cmdline strings in split_cmdline()
+
+Taylor Blau (11):
+      builtin/clone.c: disallow `--local` clones with symlinks
+      t/lib-submodule-update.sh: allow local submodules
+      t/t1NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/2NNNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t3NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t4NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t5NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t6NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t7NNN: allow local submodules
+      t/t9NNN: allow local submodules
+      transport: make `protocol.file.allow` be "user" by default

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.7.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+Git v2.30.7 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release addresses the security issues CVE-2022-41903 and
+CVE-2022-23521.
+
+
+Fixes since v2.30.6
+-------------------
+
+ * CVE-2022-41903:
+
+   git log has the ability to display commits using an arbitrary
+   format with its --format specifiers. This functionality is also
+   exposed to git archive via the export-subst gitattribute.
+
+   When processing the padding operators (e.g., %<(, %<|(, %>(,
+   %>>(, or %><( ), an integer overflow can occur in
+   pretty.c::format_and_pad_commit() where a size_t is improperly
+   stored as an int, and then added as an offset to a subsequent
+   memcpy() call.
+
+   This overflow can be triggered directly by a user running a
+   command which invokes the commit formatting machinery (e.g., git
+   log --format=...). It may also be triggered indirectly through
+   git archive via the export-subst mechanism, which expands format
+   specifiers inside of files within the repository during a git
+   archive.
+
+   This integer overflow can result in arbitrary heap writes, which
+   may result in remote code execution.
+
+* CVE-2022-23521:
+
+    gitattributes are a mechanism to allow defining attributes for
+    paths. These attributes can be defined by adding a `.gitattributes`
+    file to the repository, which contains a set of file patterns and
+    the attributes that should be set for paths matching this pattern.
+
+    When parsing gitattributes, multiple integer overflows can occur
+    when there is a huge number of path patterns, a huge number of
+    attributes for a single pattern, or when the declared attribute
+    names are huge.
+
+    These overflows can be triggered via a crafted `.gitattributes` file
+    that may be part of the commit history. Git silently splits lines
+    longer than 2KB when parsing gitattributes from a file, but not when
+    parsing them from the index. Consequentially, the failure mode
+    depends on whether the file exists in the working tree, the index or
+    both.
+
+    This integer overflow can result in arbitrary heap reads and writes,
+    which may result in remote code execution.
+
+Credit for finding CVE-2022-41903 goes to Joern Schneeweisz of GitLab.
+An initial fix was authored by Markus Vervier of X41 D-Sec. Credit for
+finding CVE-2022-23521 goes to Markus Vervier and Eric Sesterhenn of X41
+D-Sec. This work was sponsored by OSTIF.
+
+The proposed fixes have been polished and extended to cover additional
+findings by Patrick Steinhardt of GitLab, with help from others on the
+Git security mailing list.
+
+Patrick Steinhardt (21):
+      attr: fix overflow when upserting attribute with overly long name
+      attr: fix out-of-bounds read with huge attribute names
+      attr: fix integer overflow when parsing huge attribute names
+      attr: fix out-of-bounds write when parsing huge number of attributes
+      attr: fix out-of-bounds read with unreasonable amount of patterns
+      attr: fix integer overflow with more than INT_MAX macros
+      attr: harden allocation against integer overflows
+      attr: fix silently splitting up lines longer than 2048 bytes
+      attr: ignore attribute lines exceeding 2048 bytes
+      attr: ignore overly large gitattributes files
+      pretty: fix out-of-bounds write caused by integer overflow
+      pretty: fix out-of-bounds read when left-flushing with stealing
+      pretty: fix out-of-bounds read when parsing invalid padding format
+      pretty: fix adding linefeed when placeholder is not expanded
+      pretty: fix integer overflow in wrapping format
+      utf8: fix truncated string lengths in `utf8_strnwidth()`
+      utf8: fix returning negative string width
+      utf8: fix overflow when returning string width
+      utf8: fix checking for glyph width in `strbuf_utf8_replace()`
+      utf8: refactor `strbuf_utf8_replace` to not rely on preallocated buffer
+      pretty: restrict input lengths for padding and wrapping formats
+

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.4.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Git v2.31.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.5 to address
+the security issue CVE-2022-29187; see the release notes for that
+version for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.5.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Git v2.31.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release merges the security fix that appears in v2.30.6; see
+the release notes for that version for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.6.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Git v2.31.6 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release merges the security fix that appears in v2.30.7; see
+the release notes for that version for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.0.txt

@@ -1,416 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.32 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Backward compatibility notes
-----------------------------
-
- * ".gitattributes", ".gitignore", and ".mailmap" files that are
-   symbolic links are ignored.
-
- * "git apply --3way" used to first attempt a straight application,
-   and only fell back to the 3-way merge algorithm when the stright
-   application failed.  Starting with this version, the command will
-   first try the 3-way merge algorithm and only when it fails (either
-   resulting with conflict or the base versions of blobs are missing),
-   falls back to the usual patch application.
-
-
-Updates since v2.31
--------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * It does not make sense to make ".gitattributes", ".gitignore" and
-   ".mailmap" symlinks, as they are supposed to be usable from the
-   object store (think: bare repositories where HEAD:.mailmap etc. are
-   used).  When these files are symbolic links, we used to read the
-   contents of the files pointed by them by mistake, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git stash show" learned to optionally show untracked part of the
-   stash.
-
- * "git log --format='...'" learned "%(describe)" placeholder.
-
- * "git repack" so far has been only capable of repacking everything
-   under the sun into a single pack (or split by size).  A cleverer
-   strategy to reduce the cost of repacking a repository has been
-   introduced.
-
- * The http codepath learned to let the credential layer to cache the
-   password used to unlock a certificate that has successfully been
-   used.
-
- * "git commit --fixup=<commit>", which was to tweak the changes made
-   to the contents while keeping the original log message intact,
-   learned "--fixup=(amend|reword):<commit>", that can be used to
-   tweak both the message and the contents, and only the message,
-   respectively.
-
- * "git send-email" learned to honor the core.hooksPath configuration.
-
- * "git format-patch -v<n>" learned to allow a reroll count that is
-   not an integer.
-
- * "git commit" learned "--trailer <key>[=<value>]" option; together
-   with the interpret-trailers command, this will make it easier to
-   support custom trailers.
-
- * "git clone --reject-shallow" option fails the clone as soon as we
-   notice that we are cloning from a shallow repository.
-
- * A configuration variable has been added to force tips of certain
-   refs to be given a reachability bitmap.
-
- * "gitweb" learned "e-mail privacy" feature to redact strings that
-   look like e-mail addresses on various pages.
-
- * "git apply --3way" has always been "to fall back to 3-way merge
-   only when straight application fails". Swap the order of falling
-   back so that 3-way is always attempted first (only when the option
-   is given, of course) and then straight patch application is used as
-   a fallback when it fails.
-
- * "git apply" now takes "--3way" and "--cached" at the same time, and
-   work and record results only in the index.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) has learned that
-   CHERRY_PICK_HEAD is a possible pseudo-ref.
-
- * Userdiff patterns for "Scheme" has been added.
-
- * "git log" learned "--diff-merges=<style>" option, with an
-   associated configuration variable log.diffMerges.
-
- * "git log --format=..." placeholders learned %ah/%ch placeholders to
-   request the --date=human output.
-
- * Replace GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM mechanism to decline from reading the
-   system-wide configuration file with GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM that lets
-   users specify from which file to read the system-wide configuration
-   (setting it to an empty file would essentially be the same as
-   setting NOSYSTEM), and introduce GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL to override the
-   per-user configuration in $HOME/.gitconfig.
-
- * "git add" and "git rm" learned not to touch those paths that are
-   outside of sparse checkout.
-
- * "git rev-list" learns the "--filter=object:type=<type>" option,
-   which can be used to exclude objects of the given kind from the
-   packfile generated by pack-objects.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) for "git stash" has been
-   updated.
-
- * "git subtree" updates.
-
- * It is now documented that "format-patch" skips merges.
-
- * Options to "git pack-objects" that take numeric values like
-   --window and --depth should not accept negative values; the input
-   validation has been tightened.
-
- * The way the command line specified by the trailer.<token>.command
-   configuration variable receives the end-user supplied value was
-   both error prone and misleading.  An alternative to achieve the
-   same goal in a safer and more intuitive way has been added, as
-   the trailer.<token>.cmd configuration variable, to replace it.
-
- * "git add -i --dry-run" does not dry-run, which was surprising.  The
-   combination of options has taught to error out.
-
- * "git push" learns to discover common ancestor with the receiving
-   end over protocol v2.  This will hopefully make "git push" as
-   efficient as "git fetch" in avoiding objects from getting
-   transferred unnecessarily.
-
- * "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") learned the "--quoted-cr" option to
-   control how lines ending with CRLF wrapped in base64 or qp are
-   handled.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * Rename detection rework continues.
-
- * GIT_TEST_FAIL_PREREQS is a mechanism to skip test pieces with
-   prerequisites to catch broken tests that depend on the side effects
-   of optional pieces, but did not work at all when negative
-   prerequisites were involved.
-   (merge 27d578d904 jk/fail-prereq-testfix later to maint).
-
- * "git diff-index" codepath has been taught to trust fsmonitor status
-   to reduce number of lstat() calls.
-   (merge 7e5aa13d2c nk/diff-index-fsmonitor later to maint).
-
- * Reorganize Makefile to allow building git.o and other essential
-   objects without extra stuff needed only for testing.
-
- * Preparatory API changes for parallel checkout.
-
- * A simple IPC interface gets introduced to build services like
-   fsmonitor on top.
-
- * Fsck API clean-up.
-
- * SECURITY.md that is facing individual contributors and end users
-   has been introduced.  Also a procedure to follow when preparing
-   embargoed releases has been spelled out.
-   (merge 09420b7648 js/security-md later to maint).
-
- * Optimize "rev-list --use-bitmap-index --objects" corner case that
-   uses negative tags as the stopping points.
-
- * CMake update for vsbuild.
-
- * An on-disk reverse-index to map the in-pack location of an object
-   back to its object name across multiple packfiles is introduced.
-
- * Generate [ec]tags under $(QUIET_GEN).
-
- * Clean-up codepaths that implements "git send-email --validate"
-   option and improves the message from it.
-
- * The last remnant of gettext-poison has been removed.
-
- * The test framework has been taught to optionally turn the default
-   merge strategy to "ort" throughout the system where we use
-   three-way merges internally, like cherry-pick, rebase etc.,
-   primarily to enhance its test coverage (the strategy has been
-   available as an explicit "-s ort" choice).
-
- * A bit of code clean-up and a lot of test clean-up around userdiff
-   area.
-
- * Handling of "promisor packs" that allows certain objects to be
-   missing and lazily retrievable has been optimized (a bit).
-
- * When packet_write() fails, we gave an extra error message
-   unnecessarily, which has been corrected.
-
- * The checkout machinery has been taught to perform the actual
-   write-out of the files in parallel when able.
-
- * Show errno in the trace output in the error codepath that calls
-   read_raw_ref method.
-
- * Effort to make the command line completion (in contrib/) safe with
-   "set -u" continues.
-
- * Tweak a few tests for "log --format=..." that show timestamps in
-   various formats.
-
- * The reflog expiry machinery has been taught to emit trace events.
-
- * Over-the-wire protocol learns a new request type to ask for object
-   sizes given a list of object names.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.31
------------------
-
- * The fsmonitor interface read from its input without making sure
-   there is something to read from.  This bug is new in 2.31
-   timeframe.
-
- * The data structure used by fsmonitor interface was not properly
-   duplicated during an in-core merge, leading to use-after-free etc.
-
- * "git bisect" reimplemented more in C during 2.30 timeframe did not
-   take an annotated tag as a good/bad endpoint well.  This regression
-   has been corrected.
-
- * Fix macros that can silently inject unintended null-statements.
-
- * CALLOC_ARRAY() macro replaces many uses of xcalloc().
-
- * Update insn in Makefile comments to run fuzz-all target.
-
- * Fix a corner case bug in "git mv" on case insensitive systems,
-   which was introduced in 2.29 timeframe.
-
- * We had a code to diagnose and die cleanly when a required
-   clean/smudge filter is missing, but an assert before that
-   unnecessarily fired, hiding the end-user facing die() message.
-   (merge 6fab35f748 mt/cleanly-die-upon-missing-required-filter later to maint).
-
- * Update C code that sets a few configuration variables when a remote
-   is configured so that it spells configuration variable names in the
-   canonical camelCase.
-   (merge 0f1da600e6 ab/remote-write-config-in-camel-case later to maint).
-
- * A new configuration variable has been introduced to allow choosing
-   which version of the generation number gets used in the
-   commit-graph file.
-   (merge 702110aac6 ds/commit-graph-generation-config later to maint).
-
- * Perf test update to work better in secondary worktrees.
-   (merge 36e834abc1 jk/perf-in-worktrees later to maint).
-
- * Updates to memory allocation code around the use of pcre2 library.
-   (merge c1760352e0 ab/grep-pcre2-allocfix later to maint).
-
- * "git -c core.bare=false clone --bare ..." would have segfaulted,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 75555676ad bc/clone-bare-with-conflicting-config later to maint).
-
- * When "git checkout" removes a path that does not exist in the
-   commit it is checking out, it wasn't careful enough not to follow
-   symbolic links, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fab78a0c3d mt/checkout-remove-nofollow later to maint).
-
- * A few option description strings started with capital letters,
-   which were corrected.
-   (merge 5ee90326dc cc/downcase-opt-help later to maint).
-
- * Plug or annotate remaining leaks that trigger while running the
-   very basic set of tests.
-   (merge 68ffe095a2 ah/plugleaks later to maint).
-
- * The hashwrite() API uses a buffering mechanism to avoid calling
-   write(2) too frequently. This logic has been refactored to be
-   easier to understand.
-   (merge ddaf1f62e3 ds/clarify-hashwrite later to maint).
-
- * "git cherry-pick/revert" with or without "--[no-]edit" did not spawn
-   the editor as expected (e.g. "revert --no-edit" after a conflict
-   still asked to edit the message), which has been corrected.
-   (merge 39edfd5cbc en/sequencer-edit-upon-conflict-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git daemon" has been tightened against systems that take backslash
-   as directory separator.
-   (merge 9a7f1ce8b7 rs/daemon-sanitize-dir-sep later to maint).
-
- * A NULL-dereference bug has been corrected in an error codepath in
-   "git for-each-ref", "git branch --list" etc.
-   (merge c685450880 jk/ref-filter-segfault-fix later to maint).
-
- * Streamline the codepath to fix the UTF-8 encoding issues in the
-   argv[] and the prefix on macOS.
-   (merge c7d0e61016 tb/precompose-prefix-simplify later to maint).
-
- * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) had a couple of
-   references that would have given a warning under the "-u" (nounset)
-   option.
-   (merge c5c0548d79 vs/completion-with-set-u later to maint).
-
- * When "git pack-objects" makes a literal copy of a part of existing
-   packfile using the reachability bitmaps, its update to the progress
-   meter was broken.
-   (merge 8e118e8490 jk/pack-objects-bitmap-progress-fix later to maint).
-
- * The dependencies for config-list.h and command-list.h were broken
-   when the former was split out of the latter, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 56550ea718 sg/bugreport-fixes later to maint).
-
- * "git push --quiet --set-upstream" was not quiet when setting the
-   upstream branch configuration, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f3cce896a8 ow/push-quiet-set-upstream later to maint).
-
- * The prefetch task in "git maintenance" assumed that "git fetch"
-   from any remote would fetch all its local branches, which would
-   fetch too much if the user is interested in only a subset of
-   branches there.
-   (merge 32f67888d8 ds/maintenance-prefetch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Clarify that pathnames recorded in Git trees are most often (but
-   not necessarily) encoded in UTF-8.
-   (merge 9364bf465d ab/pathname-encoding-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git --config-env var=val cmd" weren't accepted (only
-   --config-env=var=val was).
-   (merge c331551ccf ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value later to maint).
-
- * When the reachability bitmap is in effect, the "do not lose
-   recently created objects and those that are reachable from them"
-   safety to protect us from races were disabled by mistake, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge 2ba582ba4c jk/prune-with-bitmap-fix later to maint).
-
- * Cygwin pathname handling fix.
-   (merge bccc37fdc7 ad/cygwin-no-backslashes-in-paths later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase --[no-]reschedule-failed-exec" did not work well with
-   its configuration variable, which has been corrected.
-   (merge e5b32bffd1 ab/rebase-no-reschedule-failed-exec later to maint).
-
- * Portability fix for command line completion script (in contrib/).
-   (merge f2acf763e2 si/zsh-complete-comment-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git repack -A -d" in a partial clone unnecessarily loosened
-   objects in promisor pack.
-
- * "git bisect skip" when custom words are used for new/old did not
-   work, which has been corrected.
-
- * A few variants of informational message "Already up-to-date" has
-   been rephrased.
-   (merge ad9322da03 js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword later to maint).
-
- * "git submodule update --quiet" did not propagate the quiet option
-   down to underlying "git fetch", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 62af4bdd42 nc/submodule-update-quiet later to maint).
-
- * Document that our test can use "local" keyword.
-   (merge a84fd3bcc6 jc/test-allows-local later to maint).
-
- * The word-diff mode has been taught to work better with a word
-   regexp that can match an empty string.
-   (merge 0324e8fc6b pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches later to maint).
-
- * "git p4" learned to find branch points more efficiently.
-   (merge 6b79818bfb jk/p4-locate-branch-point-optim later to maint).
-
- * When "git update-ref -d" removes a ref that is packed, it left
-   empty directories under $GIT_DIR/refs/ for
-   (merge 5f03e5126d wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup later to maint).
-
- * "git clean" and "git ls-files -i" had confusion around working on
-   or showing ignored paths inside an ignored directory, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge b548f0f156 en/dir-traversal later to maint).
-
- * The handling of "%(push)" formatting element of "for-each-ref" and
-   friends was broken when the same codepath started handling
-   "%(push:<what>)", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 1e1c4c5eac zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix later to maint).
-
- * The bash prompt script (in contrib/) did not work under "set -u".
-   (merge 5c0cbdb107 en/prompt-under-set-u later to maint).
-
- * The "chainlint" feature in the test framework is a handy way to
-   catch common mistakes in writing new tests, but tends to get
-   expensive.  An knob to selectively disable it has been introduced
-   to help running tests that the developer has not modified.
-   (merge 2d86a96220 jk/test-chainlint-softer later to maint).
-
- * The "rev-parse" command did not diagnose the lack of argument to
-   "--path-format" option, which was introduced in v2.31 era, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 99fc555188 wm/rev-parse-path-format-wo-arg later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge f451960708 dl/cat-file-doc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 12604a8d0c sv/t9801-test-path-is-file-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ea7e63921c jr/doc-ignore-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 23c781f173 ps/update-ref-trans-hook-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 42efa1231a jk/filter-branch-sha256 later to maint).
-   (merge 4c8e3dca6e tb/push-simple-uses-branch-merge-config later to maint).
-   (merge 6534d436a2 bs/asciidoctor-installation-hints later to maint).
-   (merge 47957485b3 ab/read-tree later to maint).
-   (merge 2be927f3d1 ab/diff-no-index-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 76593c09bb ab/detox-gettext-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 28e29ee38b jc/doc-format-patch-clarify later to maint).
-   (merge fc12b6fdde fm/user-manual-use-preface later to maint).
-   (merge dba94e3a85 cc/test-helper-bloom-usage-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 61a7660516 hn/reftable-tables-doc-update later to maint).
-   (merge 81ed96a9b2 jt/fetch-pack-request-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 151b6c2dd7 jc/doc-do-not-capitalize-clarification later to maint).
-   (merge 9160068ac6 js/access-nul-emulation-on-windows later to maint).
-   (merge 7a14acdbe6 po/diff-patch-doc later to maint).
-   (merge f91371b948 pw/patience-diff-clean-up later to maint).
-   (merge 3a7f0908b6 mt/clean-clean later to maint).
-   (merge d4e2d15a8b ab/streaming-simplify later to maint).
-   (merge 0e59f7ad67 ah/merge-ort-i18n later to maint).
-   (merge e6f68f62e0 ls/typofix later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.1.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.32.1 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3 and
-v2.31.2 to address the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see the
-release notes for these versions for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.2.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.2.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.32.2.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.0.txt

@@ -1,279 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.33 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since Git 2.32
-----------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * "git send-email" learned the "--sendmail-cmd" command line option
-   and the "sendemail.sendmailCmd" configuration variable, which is a
-   more sensible approach than the current way of repurposing the
-   "smtp-server" that is meant to name the server to instead name the
-   command to talk to the server.
-
- * The userdiff pattern for C# learned the token "record".
-
- * "git rev-list" learns to omit the "commit <object-name>" header
-   lines from the output with the `--no-commit-header` option.
-
- * "git worktree add --lock" learned to record why the worktree is
-   locked with a custom message.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * The code to handle the "--format" option in "for-each-ref" and
-   friends made too many string comparisons on %(atom)s used in the
-   format string, which has been corrected by converting them into
-   enum when the format string is parsed.
-
- * Use the hashfile API in the codepath that writes the index file to
-   reduce code duplication.
-
- * Repeated rename detections in a sequence of mergy operations have
-   been optimized out for the 'ort' merge strategy.
-
- * Preliminary clean-up of tests before the main reftable changes
-   hits the codebase.
-
- * The backend for "diff -G/-S" has been updated to use pcre2 engine
-   when available.
-
- * Use ".DELETE_ON_ERROR" pseudo target to simplify our Makefile.
-
- * Code cleanup around struct_type_init() functions.
-
- * "git send-email" optimization.
-
- * GitHub Actions / CI update.
-   (merge 0dc787a9f2 js/ci-windows-update later to maint).
-
- * Object accesses in repositories with many alternate object store
-   have been optimized.
-
- * "git log" has been optimized not to waste cycles to load ref
-   decoration data that may not be needed.
-
- * Many "printf"-like helper functions we have have been annotated
-   with __attribute__() to catch placeholder/parameter mismatches.
-
- * Tests that cover protocol bits have been updated and helpers
-   used there have been consolidated.
-
- * The CI gained a new job to run "make sparse" check.
-
- * "git status" codepath learned to work with sparsely populated index
-   without hydrating it fully.
-
- * A guideline for gender neutral documentation has been added.
-
- * Documentation on "git diff -l<n>" and diff.renameLimit have been
-   updated, and the defaults for these limits have been raised.
-
- * The completion support used to offer alternate spelling of options
-   that exist only for compatibility, which has been corrected.
-
- * "TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=there make test" failed to work, which has
-   been corrected.
-
- * "git bundle" gained more test coverage.
-
- * "git read-tree" had a codepath where blobs are fetched one-by-one
-   from the promisor remote, which has been corrected to fetch in bulk.
-
- * Rewrite of "git submodule" in C continues.
-
- * "git checkout" and "git commit" learn to work without unnecessarily
-   expanding sparse indexes.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.32
------------------
-
- * We historically rejected a very short string as an author name
-   while accepting a patch e-mail, which has been loosened.
-   (merge 72ee47ceeb ef/mailinfo-short-name later to maint).
-
- * The parallel checkout codepath did not initialize object ID field
-   used to talk to the worker processes in a futureproof way.
-
- * Rewrite code that triggers undefined behaviour warning.
-   (merge aafa5df0df jn/size-t-casted-to-off-t-fix later to maint).
-
- * The description of "fast-forward" in the glossary has been updated.
-   (merge e22f2daed0 ry/clarify-fast-forward-in-glossary later to maint).
-
- * Recent "git clone" left a temporary directory behind when the
-   transport layer returned an failure.
-   (merge 6aacb7d861 jk/clone-clean-upon-transport-error later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch" over protocol v2 left its side of the socket open after
-   it finished speaking, which unnecessarily wasted the resource on
-   the other side.
-   (merge ae1a7eefff jk/fetch-pack-v2-half-close-early later to maint).
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) learned that "git diff"
-   takes the "--anchored" option.
-   (merge d1e7c2cac9 tb/complete-diff-anchored later to maint).
-
- * "git-svn" tests assumed that "locale -a", which is used to pick an
-   available UTF-8 locale, is available everywhere.  A knob has been
-   introduced to allow testers to specify a suitable locale to use.
-   (merge 482c962de4 dd/svn-test-wo-locale-a later to maint).
-
- * Update "git subtree" to work better on Windows.
-   (merge 77f37de39f js/subtree-on-windows-fix later to maint).
-
- * Remove multimail from contrib/
-   (merge f74d11471f js/no-more-multimail later to maint).
-
- * Make the codebase MSAN clean.
-   (merge 4dbc55e87d ah/uninitialized-reads-fix later to maint).
-
- * Work around inefficient glob substitution in older versions of bash
-   by rewriting parts of a test.
-   (merge eb87c6f559 jx/t6020-with-older-bash later to maint).
-
- * Avoid duplicated work while building reachability bitmaps.
-   (merge aa9ad6fee5 jk/bitmap-tree-optim later to maint).
-
- * We broke "GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t?000" to skip certain tests in recent
-   update, which got fixed.
-
- * The side-band demultiplexer that is used to display progress output
-   from the remote end did not clear the line properly when the end of
-   line hits at a packet boundary, which has been corrected.
-
- * Some test scripts assumed that readlink(1) was universally
-   installed and available, which is not the case.
-   (merge 7c0afdf23c jk/test-without-readlink-1 later to maint).
-
- * Recent update to completion script (in contrib/) broke those who
-   use the __git_complete helper to define completion to their custom
-   command.
-   (merge cea232194d fw/complete-cmd-idx-fix later to maint).
-
- * Output from some of our tests were affected by the width of the
-   terminal that they were run in, which has been corrected by
-   exporting a fixed value in the COLUMNS environment.
-   (merge c49a177bec ab/fix-columns-to-80-during-tests later to maint).
-
- * On Windows, mergetool has been taught to find kdiff3.exe just like
-   it finds winmerge.exe.
-   (merge 47eb4c6890 ms/mergetools-kdiff3-on-windows later to maint).
-
- * When we cannot figure out how wide the terminal is, we use a
-   fallback value of 80 ourselves (which cannot be avoided), but when
-   we run the pager, we export it in COLUMNS, which forces the pager
-   to use the hardcoded value, even when the pager is perfectly
-   capable to figure it out itself.  Stop exporting COLUMNS when we
-   fall back on the hardcoded default value for our own use.
-   (merge 9b6e2c8b98 js/stop-exporting-bogus-columns later to maint).
-
- * "git cat-file --batch-all-objects"" misbehaved when "--batch" is in
-   use and did not ask for certain object traits.
-   (merge ee02ac6164 zh/cat-file-batch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Some code and doc clarification around "git push".
-
- * The "union" conflict resultion variant misbehaved when used with
-   binary merge driver.
-   (merge 382b601acd jk/union-merge-binary later to maint).
-
- * Prevent "git p4" from failing to submit changes to binary file.
-   (merge 54662d5958 dc/p4-binary-submit-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git grep --and -e foo" ought to have been diagnosed as an error
-   but instead segfaulted, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fe7fe62d8d rs/grep-parser-fix later to maint).
-
- * The merge code had funny interactions between content based rename
-   detection and directory rename detection.
-   (merge 3585d0ea23 en/merge-dir-rename-corner-case-fix later to maint).
-
- * When rebuilding the multi-pack index file reusing an existing one,
-   we used to blindly trust the existing file and ended up carrying
-   corrupted data into the updated file, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f89ecf7988 tb/midx-use-checksum later to maint).
-
- * Update the location of system-side configuration file on Windows.
-   (merge e355307692 js/gfw-system-config-loc-fix later to maint).
-
- * Code recently added to support common ancestry negotiation during
-   "git push" did not sanity check its arguments carefully enough.
-   (merge eff40457a4 ab/fetch-negotiate-segv-fix later to maint).
-
- * Update the documentation not to assume users are of certain gender
-   and adds to guidelines to do so.
-   (merge 46a237f42f ds/gender-neutral-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git commit --allow-empty-message" won't abort the operation upon
-   an empty message, but the hint shown in the editor said otherwise.
-   (merge 6f70f00b4f hj/commit-allow-empty-message later to maint).
-
- * The code that gives an error message in "git multi-pack-index" when
-   no subcommand is given tried to print a NULL pointer as a strong,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 88617d11f9 tb/reverse-midx later to maint).
-
- * CI update.
-   (merge a066a90db6 js/ci-check-whitespace-updates later to maint).
-
- * Documentation fix for "git pull --rebase=no".
-   (merge d3236becec fc/pull-no-rebase-merges-theirs-into-ours later to maint).
-
- * A race between repacking and using pack bitmaps has been corrected.
-   (merge dc1daacdcc jk/check-pack-valid-before-opening-bitmap later to maint).
-
- * The local changes stashed by "git merge --autostash" were lost when
-   the merge failed in certain ways, which has been corrected.
-
- * Windows rmdir() equivalent behaves differently from POSIX ones in
-   that when used on a symbolic link that points at a directory, the
-   target directory gets removed, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 3e7d4888e5 tb/mingw-rmdir-symlink-to-directory later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge bfe35a6165 ah/doc-describe later to maint).
-   (merge f302c1e4aa jc/clarify-revision-range later to maint).
-   (merge 3127ff90ea tl/fix-packfile-uri-doc later to maint).
-   (merge a84216c684 jk/doc-color-pager later to maint).
-   (merge 4e0a64a713 ab/trace2-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge 225f7fa847 ps/rev-list-object-type-filter later to maint).
-   (merge 5317dfeaed dd/honor-users-tar-in-tests later to maint).
-   (merge ace6d8e3d6 tk/partial-clone-repack-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 7ba68e0cf1 js/trace2-discard-event-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge 8603c419d3 fc/doc-default-to-upstream-config later to maint).
-   (merge 1d72b604ef jk/revision-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge abcb66c614 ar/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 9853830787 ah/graph-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge aac578492d ab/config-hooks-path-testfix later to maint).
-   (merge 98c7656a18 ar/more-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 6fb9195f6c jk/doc-max-pack-size later to maint).
-   (merge 4184cbd635 ar/mailinfo-memcmp-to-skip-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge 91d2347033 ar/doc-libera-chat-in-my-first-contrib later to maint).
-   (merge 338abb0f04 ab/cmd-foo-should-return later to maint).
-   (merge 546096a5cb ab/xdiff-bug-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b7b793d1e7 ab/progress-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge d94f9b8e90 ba/object-info later to maint).
-   (merge 52ff891c03 ar/test-code-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge a0538e5c8b dd/document-log-decorate-default later to maint).
-   (merge ce24797d38 mr/cmake later to maint).
-   (merge 9eb542f2ee ab/pre-auto-gc-hook-test later to maint).
-   (merge 9fffc38583 bk/doc-commit-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 1cf823d8f0 ks/submodule-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ebbf5d2b70 js/config-mak-windows-pcre-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 617480d75b hn/refs-iterator-peel-returns-boolean later to maint).
-   (merge 6a24cc71ed ar/submodule-helper-include-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 5632e838f8 rs/khash-alloc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b1d87fbaf1 jk/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge e04170697a ab/gitignore-discovery-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 8232a0ff48 dl/packet-read-response-end-fix later to maint).
-   (merge eb448631fb dl/diff-merge-base later to maint).
-   (merge c510928a25 hn/refs-debug-empty-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge ddcb189d9d tb/bitmap-type-filter-comment-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 878b399734 pb/submodule-recurse-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 734283855f jk/config-env-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 482e1488a9 ab/getcwd-test later to maint).
-   (merge f0b922473e ar/doc-markup-fix later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.1.txt

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.33.1 Release Notes
-========================
-
-This primarily is to backport various fixes accumulated during the
-development towards Git 2.34, the next feature release.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.33
------------------
-
- * The unicode character width table (used for output alignment) has
-   been updated.
-
- * Input validation of "git pack-objects --stdin-packs" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Bugfix for common ancestor negotiation recently introduced in "git
-   push" codepath.
-
- * "git pull" had various corner cases that were not well thought out
-   around its --rebase backend, e.g. "git pull --ff-only" did not stop
-   but went ahead and rebased when the history on other side is not a
-   descendant of our history.  The series tries to fix them up.
-
- * "git apply" miscounted the bytes and failed to read to the end of
-   binary hunks.
-
- * "git range-diff" code clean-up.
-
- * "git commit --fixup" now works with "--edit" again, after it was
-   broken in v2.32.
-
- * Use upload-artifacts v1 (instead of v2) for 32-bit linux, as the
-   new version has a blocker bug for that architecture.
-
- * Checking out all the paths from HEAD during the last conflicted
-   step in "git rebase" and continuing would cause the step to be
-   skipped (which is expected), but leaves MERGE_MSG file behind in
-   $GIT_DIR and confuses the next "git commit", which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Various bugs in "git rebase -r" have been fixed.
-
- * mmap() imitation used to call xmalloc() that dies upon malloc()
-   failure, which has been corrected to just return an error to the
-   caller to be handled.
-
- * "git diff --relative" segfaulted and/or produced incorrect result
-   when there are unmerged paths.
-
- * The delayed checkout code path in "git checkout" etc. were chatty
-   even when --quiet and/or --no-progress options were given.
-
- * "git branch -D <branch>" used to refuse to remove a broken branch
-   ref that points at a missing commit, which has been corrected.
-
- * Build update for Apple clang.
-
- * The parser for the "--nl" option of "git column" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git upload-pack" which runs on the other side of "git fetch"
-   forgot to take the ref namespaces into account when handling
-   want-ref requests.
-
- * The sparse-index support can corrupt the index structure by storing
-   a stale and/or uninitialized data, which has been corrected.
-
- * Buggy tests could damage repositories outside the throw-away test
-   area we created.  We now by default export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
-   to limit the damage from such a stray test.
-
- * Even when running "git send-email" without its own threaded
-   discussion support, a threading related header in one message is
-   carried over to the subsequent message to result in an unwanted
-   threading, which has been corrected.
-
- * The output from "git fast-export", when its anonymization feature
-   is in use, showed an annotated tag incorrectly.
-
- * Recent "diff -m" changes broke "gitk", which has been corrected.
-
- * "git maintenance" scheduler fix for macOS.
-
- * A pathname in an advice message has been made cut-and-paste ready.
-
- * The "git apply -3" code path learned not to bother the lower level
-   merge machinery when the three-way merge can be trivially resolved
-   without the content level merge.
-
- * The code that optionally creates the *.rev reverse index file has
-   been optimized to avoid needless computation when it is not writing
-   the file out.
-
- * "git range-diff -I... <range> <range>" segfaulted, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * The order in which various files that make up a single (conceptual)
-   packfile has been reevaluated and straightened up.  This matters in
-   correctness, as an incomplete set of files must not be shown to a
-   running Git.
-
- * The "mode" word is useless in a call to open(2) that does not
-   create a new file.  Such a call in the files backend of the ref
-   subsystem has been cleaned up.
-
- * "git update-ref --stdin" failed to flush its output as needed,
-   which potentially led the conversation to a deadlock.
-
- * When "git am --abort" fails to abort correctly, it still exited
-   with exit status of 0, which has been corrected.
-
- * Correct nr and alloc members of strvec struct to be of type size_t.
-
- * "git stash", where the tentative change involves changing a
-   directory to a file (or vice versa), was confused, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD is unborn into a bare
-   repository didn't follow the branch name the other side used, which
-   is corrected.
-
- * "git cvsserver" had a long-standing bug in its authentication code,
-   which has finally been corrected (it is unclear and is a separate
-   question if anybody is seriously using it, though).
-
- * "git difftool --dir-diff" mishandled symbolic links.
-
- * Sensitive data in the HTTP trace were supposed to be redacted, but
-   we failed to do so in HTTP/2 requests.
-
- * "make clean" has been updated to remove leftover .depend/
-   directories, even when it is not told to use them to compute header
-   dependencies.
-
- * Protocol v0 clients can get stuck parsing a malformed feature line.
-
-Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.2.txt

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.33.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3, v2.31.2
-and v2.32.1 to address the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see
-the release notes for these versions for details.
-
-In addition, it contains the following fixes:
-
- * Squelch over-eager warning message added during this cycle.
-
- * A bug in "git rebase -r" has been fixed.
-
- * One CI task based on Fedora image noticed a not-quite-kosher
-   construct recently, which has been corrected.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.3.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.3.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.33.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ notes for details).
    on that order.
 
  * "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
-   rev, i.e. the object named by the pathname with wildcard
+   rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
    characters in a tree object.
    (merge aac4fac nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
 

Documentation/SubmittingPatches

@@ -74,9 +74,10 @@ the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
 feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  After any code change, make
 sure that the entire test suite passes.
 
-Pushing to a fork of https://github.com/git/git will use their CI
+If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work
-integration to test your changes on Linux, Mac and Windows. See the
+on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to
-<<GHCI,GitHub CI>> section for details.
+test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  See
+GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details.
 
 Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated
 behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats
@@ -116,13 +117,10 @@ If in doubt which identifier to use, run `git log --no-merges` on the
 files you are modifying to see the current conventions.
 
 [[summary-section]]
-The title sentence after the "area:" prefix omits the full stop at the
+It's customary to start the remainder of the first line after "area: "
-end, and its first word is not capitalized unless there is a reason to
+with a lower-case letter. E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc:
-capitalize it other than because it is the first word in the sentence.
+Clarify...", or "githooks.txt: improve...", not "githooks.txt:
-E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc: Clarify...", or "githooks.txt:
+Improve...".
-improve...", not "githooks.txt: Improve...".  But "refs: HEAD is also
-treated as a ref" is correct, as we spell `HEAD` in all caps even when
-it appears in the middle of a sentence.
 
 [[meaningful-message]]
 The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
@@ -166,85 +164,6 @@ or, on an older version of Git without support for --pretty=reference:
 	git show -s --date=short --pretty='format:%h (%s, %ad)' <commit>
 ....
 
-[[sign-off]]
-=== Certify your work by adding your `Signed-off-by` trailer
-
-To improve tracking of who did what, we ask you to certify that you
-wrote the patch or have the right to pass it on under the same license
-as ours, by "signing off" your patch.  Without sign-off, we cannot
-accept your patches.
-
-If (and only if) you certify the below D-C-O:
-
-[[dco]]
-.Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
-____
-By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
-
-a. The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
-   have the right to submit it under the open source license
-   indicated in the file; or
-
-b. The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
-   of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
-   license and I have the right under that license to submit that
-   work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
-   by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
-   permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
-   in the file; or
-
-c. The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
-   person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
-   it.
-
-d. I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
-   are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
-   personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
-   maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
-   this project or the open source license(s) involved.
-____
-
-you add a "Signed-off-by" trailer to your commit, that looks like
-this:
-
-....
-	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
-....
-
-This line can be added by Git if you run the git-commit command with
-the -s option.
-
-Notice that you can place your own `Signed-off-by` trailer when
-forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
-D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
-place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
-the change to its true author (see (2) above).
-
-This procedure originally came from the Linux kernel project, so our
-rule is quite similar to theirs, but what exactly it means to sign-off
-your patch differs from project to project, so it may be different
-from that of the project you are accustomed to.
-
-[[real-name]]
-Also notice that a real name is used in the `Signed-off-by` trailer. Please
-don't hide your real name.
-
-[[commit-trailers]]
-If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
-
-. `Reported-by:` is used to credit someone who found the bug that
-  the patch attempts to fix.
-. `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
-  the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
-. `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
-  reviewers themselves when they are completely satisfied with the
-  patch after a detailed analysis.
-. `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
-  and found it to have the desired effect.
-
-You can also create your own tag or use one that's in common usage
-such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
-
 [[git-tools]]
 === Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
 
@@ -380,6 +299,86 @@ Do not forget to add trailers such as `Acked-by:`, `Reviewed-by:` and
 `Tested-by:` lines as necessary to credit people who helped your
 patch, and "cc:" them when sending such a final version for inclusion.
 
+[[sign-off]]
+=== Certify your work by adding your `Signed-off-by` trailer
+
+To improve tracking of who did what, we ask you to certify that you
+wrote the patch or have the right to pass it on under the same license
+as ours, by "signing off" your patch.  Without sign-off, we cannot
+accept your patches.
+
+If (and only if) you certify the below D-C-O:
+
+[[dco]]
+.Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
+____
+By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
+
+a. The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
+   have the right to submit it under the open source license
+   indicated in the file; or
+
+b. The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
+   of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
+   license and I have the right under that license to submit that
+   work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
+   by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
+   permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
+   in the file; or
+
+c. The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
+   person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
+   it.
+
+d. I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
+   are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
+   personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
+   maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
+   this project or the open source license(s) involved.
+____
+
+you add a "Signed-off-by" trailer to your commit, that looks like
+this:
+
+....
+	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
+....
+
+This line can be added by Git if you run the git-commit command with
+the -s option.
+
+Notice that you can place your own `Signed-off-by` trailer when
+forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
+D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
+place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
+the change to its true author (see (2) above).
+
+This procedure originally came from the Linux kernel project, so our
+rule is quite similar to theirs, but what exactly it means to sign-off
+your patch differs from project to project, so it may be different
+from that of the project you are accustomed to.
+
+[[real-name]]
+Also notice that a real name is used in the `Signed-off-by` trailer. Please
+don't hide your real name.
+
+[[commit-trailers]]
+If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
+
+. `Reported-by:` is used to credit someone who found the bug that
+  the patch attempts to fix.
+. `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
+  the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
+. `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
+  reviewer and means that she is completely satisfied that the patch
+  is ready for application.  It is usually offered only after a
+  detailed review.
+. `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
+  and found it to have the desired effect.
+
+You can also create your own tag or use one that's in common usage
+such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
+
 == Subsystems with dedicated maintainers
 
 Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
@@ -448,12 +447,13 @@ their trees themselves.
   entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
   the status of various proposed changes.
 
-== GitHub CI[[GHCI]]]
+[[travis]]
+== GitHub-Travis CI hints
 
-With an account at GitHub, you can use GitHub CI to test your changes
+With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open
-on Linux, Mac and Windows. See
+source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux,
-https://github.com/git/git/actions/workflows/main.yml for examples of
+Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  You can find a successful example
-recent CI runs.
+test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209
 
 Follow these steps for the initial setup:
 
@@ -461,18 +461,31 @@ Follow these steps for the initial setup:
   You can find detailed instructions how to fork here:
   https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
 
-After the initial setup, CI will run whenever you push new changes
+. Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org
+
+. Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button.
+
+. Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account.
+  You can find more information about the required permissions here:
+  https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes
+
+. Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile
+
+. Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork.
+
+After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes
 to your fork of Git on GitHub.  You can monitor the test state of all your
-branches here: https://github.com/<Your GitHub handle>/git/actions/workflows/main.yml
+branches here: https://travis-ci.org/__<Your GitHub handle>__/git/branches
 
 If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red
-cross. In that case you can click on the failing job and navigate to
+cross.  In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and
-"ci/run-build-and-tests.sh" and/or "ci/print-test-failures.sh". You
+scroll all the way down in the log.  Find the line "<-- Click here to see
-can also download "Artifacts" which are tarred (or zipped) archives
+detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line
-with test data relevant for debugging.
+number to expand the detailed test output.  Here is such a failing
+example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187
 
-Then fix the problem and push your fix to your GitHub fork. This will
+Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork.  This will trigger
-trigger a new CI build to ensure all tests pass.
+a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass.
 
 [[mua]]
 == MUA specific hints

Documentation/config/advice.txt

@@ -119,8 +119,4 @@ advice.*::
 	addEmptyPathspec::
 		Advice shown if a user runs the add command without providing
 		the pathspec parameter.
-	updateSparsePath::
-		Advice shown when either linkgit:git-add[1] or linkgit:git-rm[1]
-		is asked to update index entries outside the current sparse
-		checkout.
 --

Documentation/config/blame.txt

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ blame.ignoreRevsFile::
 	file names will reset the list of ignored revisions.  This option will
 	be handled before the command line option `--ignore-revs-file`.
 
-blame.markUnblamableLines::
+blame.markUnblamables::
 	Mark lines that were changed by an ignored revision that we could not
 	attribute to another commit with a '*' in the output of
 	linkgit:git-blame[1].

Documentation/config/checkout.txt

@@ -21,24 +21,3 @@ checkout.guess::
 	Provides the default value for the `--guess` or `--no-guess`
 	option in `git checkout` and `git switch`. See
 	linkgit:git-switch[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1].
-
-checkout.workers::
-	The number of parallel workers to use when updating the working tree.
-	The default is one, i.e. sequential execution. If set to a value less
-	than one, Git will use as many workers as the number of logical cores
-	available. This setting and `checkout.thresholdForParallelism` affect
-	all commands that perform checkout. E.g. checkout, clone, reset,
-	sparse-checkout, etc.
-+
-Note: parallel checkout usually delivers better performance for repositories
-located on SSDs or over NFS. For repositories on spinning disks and/or machines
-with a small number of cores, the default sequential checkout often performs
-better. The size and compression level of a repository might also influence how
-well the parallel version performs.
-
-checkout.thresholdForParallelism::
-	When running parallel checkout with a small number of files, the cost
-	of subprocess spawning and inter-process communication might outweigh
-	the parallelization gains. This setting allows to define the minimum
-	number of files for which parallel checkout should be attempted. The
-	default is 100.

Documentation/config/clone.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,3 @@ clone.defaultRemoteName::
 	The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
 	`origin`, and can be overridden by passing the `--origin` command-line
 	option to linkgit:git-clone[1].
-
-clone.rejectShallow::
-	Reject to clone a repository if it is a shallow one, can be overridden by
-	passing option `--reject-shallow` in command line. See linkgit:git-clone[1]

Documentation/config/color.txt

@@ -127,9 +127,8 @@ color.interactive.<slot>::
 	interactive commands.
 
 color.pager::
-	A boolean to specify whether `auto` color modes should colorize
+	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
-	output going to the pager. Defaults to true; set this to false
+	use (default is true).
-	if your pager does not understand ANSI color codes.
 
 color.push::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in push errors. May be set to

Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-commitGraph.generationVersion::
-	Specifies the type of generation number version to use when writing
-	or reading the commit-graph file. If version 1 is specified, then
-	the corrected commit dates will not be written or read. Defaults to
-	2.
-
 commitGraph.maxNewFilters::
 	Specifies the default value for the `--max-new-filters` option of `git
 	commit-graph write` (c.f., linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]).

Documentation/config/diff.txt

@@ -118,10 +118,9 @@ diff.orderFile::
 	relative to the top of the working tree.
 
 diff.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
+	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
-	copy/rename detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`. This setting
-	`-l`.  If not set, the default value is currently 1000.  This
+	has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
-	setting has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
 
 diff.renames::
 	Whether and how Git detects renames.  If set to "false",

Documentation/config/fetch.txt

@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ fetch.negotiationAlgorithm::
 	setting defaults to "skipping".
 	Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out.
 +
-See also the `--negotiate-only` and `--negotiation-tip` options to
+See also the `--negotiation-tip` option for linkgit:git-fetch[1].
-linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 fetch.showForcedUpdates::
 	Set to false to enable `--no-show-forced-updates` in

Documentation/config/gui.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ gui.displayUntracked::
 	in the file list. The default is "true".
 
 gui.encoding::
-	Specifies the default character encoding to use for displaying of
+	Specifies the default encoding to use for displaying of
 	file contents in linkgit:git-gui[1] and linkgit:gitk[1].
 	It can be overridden by setting the 'encoding' attribute
 	for relevant files (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).

Documentation/config/index.txt

@@ -14,11 +14,6 @@ index.recordOffsetTable::
 	Defaults to 'true' if index.threads has been explicitly enabled,
 	'false' otherwise.
 
-index.sparse::
-	When enabled, write the index using sparse-directory entries. This
-	has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` and
-	`core.sparseCheckoutCone` are both enabled. Defaults to 'false'.
-
 index.threads::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when loading the index.
 	This is meant to reduce index load time on multiprocessor machines.

Documentation/config/log.txt

@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ log.excludeDecoration::
 	the config option can be overridden by the `--decorate-refs`
 	option.
 
-log.diffMerges::
-	Set default diff format to be used for merge commits. See
-	`--diff-merges` in linkgit:git-log[1] for details.
-	Defaults to `separate`.
-
 log.follow::
 	If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
 	a single <path> is given.  This has the same limitations as `--follow`,

Documentation/config/merge.txt

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote`
 	are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch`
 	to their corresponding remote-tracking branches, and the tips of
-	these tracking branches are merged. Defaults to true.
+	these tracking branches are merged.
 
 merge.ff::
 	By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
@@ -33,12 +33,10 @@ merge.verifySignatures::
 include::fmt-merge-msg.txt[]
 
 merge.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
+	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
-	rename detection during a merge.  If not specified, defaults
+	during a merge; if not specified, defaults to the value of
-	to the value of diff.renameLimit.  If neither
+	diff.renameLimit. This setting has no effect if rename detection
-	merge.renameLimit nor diff.renameLimit are specified,
+	is turned off.
-	currently defaults to 7000.  This setting has no effect if
-	rename detection is turned off.
 
 merge.renames::
 	Whether Git detects renames.  If set to "false", rename detection

Documentation/config/pack.txt

@@ -99,23 +99,12 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
 	packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
 	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
 	option of linkgit:git-repack[1].  Reaching this limit results
-	in the creation of multiple packfiles.
+	in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents
-+
+	bitmaps from being created.
-Note that this option is rarely useful, and may result in a larger total
+	The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
-on-disk size (because Git will not store deltas between packs), as well
+	The default is unlimited.
-as worse runtime performance (object lookup within multiple packs is
+	Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
-slower than a single pack, and optimizations like reachability bitmaps
+	supported.
-cannot cope with multiple packs).
-+
-If you need to actively run Git using smaller packfiles (e.g., because your
-filesystem does not support large files), this option may help. But if
-your goal is to transmit a packfile over a medium that supports limited
-sizes (e.g., removable media that cannot store the whole repository),
-you are likely better off creating a single large packfile and splitting
-it using a generic multi-volume archive tool (e.g., Unix `split`).
-+
-The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
-Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
 
 pack.useBitmaps::
 	When true, git will use pack bitmaps (if available) when packing
@@ -133,21 +122,6 @@ pack.useSparse::
 	commits contain certain types of direct renames. Default is
 	`true`.
 
-pack.preferBitmapTips::
-	When selecting which commits will receive bitmaps, prefer a
-	commit at the tip of any reference that is a suffix of any value
-	of this configuration over any other commits in the "selection
-	window".
-+
-Note that setting this configuration to `refs/foo` does not mean that
-the commits at the tips of `refs/foo/bar` and `refs/foo/baz` will
-necessarily be selected. This is because commits are selected for
-bitmaps from within a series of windows of variable length.
-+
-If a commit at the tip of any reference which is a suffix of any value
-of this configuration is seen in a window, it is immediately given
-preference over any other commit in that window.
-
 pack.writeBitmaps (deprecated)::
 	This is a deprecated synonym for `repack.writeBitmaps`.
 

Documentation/config/protocol.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 protocol.allow::
 	If set, provide a user defined default policy for all protocols which
 	don't explicitly have a policy (`protocol.<name>.allow`).  By default,
-	if unset, known-safe protocols (http, https, git, ssh, file) have a
+	if unset, known-safe protocols (http, https, git, ssh) have a
 	default policy of `always`, known-dangerous protocols (ext) have a
-	default policy of `never`, and all other protocols have a default
+	default policy of `never`, and all other protocols (including file)
-	policy of `user`.  Supported policies:
+	have a default policy of `user`.  Supported policies:
 +
 --
 

Documentation/config/push.txt

@@ -24,14 +24,15 @@ push.default::
 
 * `tracking` - This is a deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
 
-* `simple` - pushes the current branch with the same name on the remote.
+* `simple` - in centralized workflow, work like `upstream` with an
+  added safety to refuse to push if the upstream branch's name is
+  different from the local one.
 +
-If you are working on a centralized workflow (pushing to the same repository you
+When pushing to a remote that is different from the remote you normally
-pull from, which is typically `origin`), then you need to configure an upstream
+pull from, work as `current`.  This is the safest option and is suited
-branch with the same name.
+for beginners.
 +
-This mode is the default since Git 2.0, and is the safest option suited for
+This mode has become the default in Git 2.0.
-beginners.
 
 * `matching` - push all branches having the same name on both ends.
   This makes the repository you are pushing to remember the set of
@@ -119,10 +120,3 @@ push.useForceIfIncludes::
 	`--force-if-includes` as an option to linkgit:git-push[1]
 	in the command line. Adding `--no-force-if-includes` at the
 	time of push overrides this configuration setting.
-
-push.negotiate::
-	If set to "true", attempt to reduce the size of the packfile
-	sent by rounds of negotiation in which the client and the
-	server attempt to find commits in common. If "false", Git will
-	rely solely on the server's ref advertisement to find commits
-	in common.

Documentation/config/rebase.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+rebase.useBuiltin::
+	Unused configuration variable. Used in Git versions 2.20 and
+	2.21 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript
+	implementation of rebase. Now the built-in rewrite of it in C
+	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
+	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
+
 rebase.backend::
 	Default backend to use for rebasing.  Possible choices are
 	'apply' or 'merge'.  In the future, if the merge backend gains

Documentation/config/safe.txt

@@ -26,3 +26,17 @@ directory was listed in the `safe.directory` list. If `safe.directory=*`
 is set in system config and you want to re-enable this protection, then
 initialize your list with an empty value before listing the repositories
 that you deem safe.
++
+As explained, Git only allows you to access repositories owned by
+yourself, i.e. the user who is running Git, by default.  When Git
+is running as 'root' in a non Windows platform that provides sudo,
+however, git checks the SUDO_UID environment variable that sudo creates
+and will allow access to the uid recorded as its value in addition to
+the id from 'root'.
+This is to make it easy to perform a common sequence during installation
+"make && sudo make install".  A git process running under 'sudo' runs as
+'root' but the 'sudo' command exports the environment variable to record
+which id the original user has.
+If that is not what you would prefer and want git to only trust
+repositories that are owned by root instead, then you can remove
+the `SUDO_UID` variable from root's environment before invoking git.

Documentation/config/sendemail.txt

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ sendemail.smtpEncryption::
 	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
 	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
 
+sendemail.smtpssl (deprecated)::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpEncryption = ssl'.
+
 sendemail.smtpsslcertpath::
 	Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file).
 	Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification.

Documentation/config/stash.txt

@@ -5,11 +5,6 @@ stash.useBuiltin::
 	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
 	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
 
-stash.showIncludeUntracked::
-	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command will show
-	the untracked files of a stash entry.  Defaults to false. See
-	description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1].
-
 stash.showPatch::
 	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command without an
 	option will show the stash entry in patch form.  Defaults to false.

Documentation/config/submodule.txt

@@ -58,9 +58,8 @@ submodule.active::
 	commands. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details.
 
 submodule.recurse::
-	A boolean indicating if commands should enable the `--recurse-submodules`
+	Specifies if commands recurse into submodules by default. This
-	option by default.
+	applies to all commands that have a `--recurse-submodules` option
-	Applies to all commands that support this option
 	(`checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, `reset`,
 	`restore` and `switch`) except `clone` and `ls-files`.
 	Defaults to false.

Documentation/config/transfer.txt

@@ -52,17 +52,13 @@ If you have multiple hideRefs values, later entries override earlier ones
 (and entries in more-specific config files override less-specific ones).
 +
 If a namespace is in use, the namespace prefix is stripped from each
-reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns. In
+reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns.
-order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of the ref name. If
-you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
-+
 For example, if `refs/heads/master` is specified in `transfer.hideRefs` and
 the current namespace is `foo`, then `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master`
-is omitted from the advertisements. If `uploadpack.allowRefInWant` is set,
+is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and
-`upload-pack` will treat `want-ref refs/heads/master` in a protocol v2
+`refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called
-`fetch` command as if `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master` did not exist.
+"have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of
-`receive-pack`, on the other hand, will still advertise the object id the
+the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
-ref is pointing to without mentioning its name (a so-called ".have" line).
 +
 Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target
 objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the

Documentation/config/uploadpack.txt

@@ -59,16 +59,15 @@ uploadpack.allowFilter::
 
 uploadpackfilter.allow::
 	Provides a default value for unspecified object filters (see: the
-	below configuration variable). If set to `true`, this will also
+	below configuration variable).
-	enable all filters which get added in the future.
 	Defaults to `true`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.<filter>.allow::
 	Explicitly allow or ban the object filter corresponding to
 	`<filter>`, where `<filter>` may be one of: `blob:none`,
-	`blob:limit`, `object:type`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`.
+	`blob:limit`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`. If using
-	If using combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested
+	combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested filter
-	filter kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
+	kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.tree.maxDepth::
 	Only allow `--filter=tree:<n>` when `<n>` is no more than the value of

Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ linkgit:git-diff-files[1]
 with the `-p` option produces patch text.
 You can customize the creation of patch text via the
 `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables
-(see linkgit:git[1]), and the `diff` attribute (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+(see linkgit:git[1]).
 
 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
 diff format:
@@ -74,11 +74,6 @@ separate lines indicate the old and the new mode.
       rename from b
       rename to a
 
-5.  Hunk headers mention the name of the function to which the hunk
-    applies.  See "Defining a custom hunk-header" in
-    linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details of how to tailor to this to
-    specific languages.
-
 
 Combined diff format
 --------------------

Documentation/diff-options.txt

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ endif::git-diff[]
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifdef::git-log[]
---diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc)::
+--diff-merges=(off|none|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc)::
 --no-diff-merges::
 	Specify diff format to be used for merge commits. Default is
 	{diff-merges-default} unless `--first-parent` is in use, in which case
@@ -45,24 +45,17 @@ ifdef::git-log[]
 	Disable output of diffs for merge commits. Useful to override
 	implied value.
 +
---diff-merges=on:::
---diff-merges=m:::
--m:::
-	This option makes diff output for merge commits to be shown in
-	the default format. `-m` will produce the output only if `-p`
-	is given as well. The default format could be changed using
-	`log.diffMerges` configuration parameter, which default value
-	is `separate`.
-+
 --diff-merges=first-parent:::
 --diff-merges=1:::
 	This option makes merge commits show the full diff with
 	respect to the first parent only.
 +
 --diff-merges=separate:::
+--diff-merges=m:::
+-m:::
 	This makes merge commits show the full diff with respect to
 	each of the parents. Separate log entry and diff is generated
-	for each parent.
+	for each parent. `-m` doesn't produce any output without `-p`.
 +
 --diff-merges=combined:::
 --diff-merges=c:::
@@ -300,14 +293,11 @@ explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
 linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 --name-only::
-	Show only names of changed files. The file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
+	Show only names of changed files.
-	For more information see the discussion about encoding in the linkgit:git-log[1]
-	manual page.
 
 --name-status::
 	Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
-	Just like `--name-only` the file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
 
 --submodule[=<format>]::
 	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When specifying
@@ -588,17 +578,11 @@ When used together with `-B`, omit also the preimage in the deletion part
 of a delete/create pair.
 
 -l<num>::
-	The `-M` and `-C` options involve some preliminary steps that
+	The `-M` and `-C` options require O(n^2) processing time where n
-	can detect subsets of renames/copies cheaply, followed by an
+	is the number of potential rename/copy targets.  This
-	exhaustive fallback portion that compares all remaining
+	option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
-	unpaired destinations to all relevant sources.  (For renames,
+	the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
-	only remaining unpaired sources are relevant; for copies, all
+	number.
-	original sources are relevant.)  For N sources and
-	destinations, this exhaustive check is O(N^2).  This option
-	prevents the exhaustive portion of rename/copy detection from
-	running if the number of source/destination files involved
-	exceeds the specified number.  Defaults to diff.renameLimit.
-	Note that a value of 0 is treated as unlimited.
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]::

Documentation/fetch-options.txt

@@ -62,17 +62,8 @@ The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly
 abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying
 this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
 +
-See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` and `push.negotiate`
+See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` configuration variable
-configuration variables documented in linkgit:git-config[1], and the
+documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
-`--negotiate-only` option below.
-
---negotiate-only::
-	Do not fetch anything from the server, and instead print the
-	ancestors of the provided `--negotiation-tip=*` arguments,
-	which we have in common with the server.
-+
-Internally this is used to implement the `push.negotiate` option, see
-linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --dry-run::
 	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
@@ -119,11 +110,6 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	setting `fetch.writeCommitGraph`.
 endif::git-pull[]
 
---prefetch::
-	Modify the configured refspec to place all refs into the
-	`refs/prefetch/` namespace. See the `prefetch` task in
-	linkgit:git-maintenance[1].
-
 -p::
 --prune::
 	Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no

Documentation/git-am.txt

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
 	 [--[no-]scissors] [-S[<keyid>]] [--patch-format=<format>]
-	 [--quoted-cr=<action>]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
 'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)])
 
@@ -60,9 +59,6 @@ OPTIONS
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
---quoted-cr=<action>::
-	This flag will be passed down to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
-
 -m::
 --message-id::
 	Pass the `-m` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]),
@@ -178,8 +174,6 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 --abort::
 	Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
-	Revert contents of files involved in the am operation to their
-	pre-am state.
 
 --quit::
 	Abort the patching operation but keep HEAD and the index

Documentation/git-apply.txt

@@ -84,13 +84,12 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -3::
 --3way::
-	Attempt 3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed
+	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
-	to apply to and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
+	the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to,
+	and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
 	conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
-	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option unless the
+	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option, and is incompatible
-	`--cached` option is used, and is incompatible with the `--reject` option.
+	with the `--reject` and the `--cached` options.
-	When used with the `--cached` option, any conflicts are left at higher stages
-	in the cache.
 
 --build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'

Documentation/git-branch.txt

@@ -118,8 +118,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint>, even if <branchname> exists
 	already. Without `-f`, 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
 	In combination with `-d` (or `--delete`), allow deleting the
-	branch irrespective of its merged status, or whether it even
+	branch irrespective of its merged status. In combination with
-	points to a valid commit. In combination with
 	`-m` (or `--move`), allow renaming the branch even if the new
 	branch name already exists, the same applies for `-c` (or `--copy`).
 

Documentation/git-bugreport.txt

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -o <path>::
 --output-directory <path>::
-	Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the current
+	Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the root of
-	directory.
+	the Git repository.
 
 -s <format>::
 --suffix <format>::

Documentation/git-bundle.txt

@@ -18,48 +18,21 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Create, unpack, and manipulate "bundle" files. Bundles are used for
+Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
-the "offline" transfer of Git objects without an active "server"
+machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
-sitting on the other side of the network connection.
+be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
+ssh, http) cannot be used.
 
-They can be used to create both incremental and full backups of a
+The 'git bundle' command packages objects and references in an archive
-repository, and to relay the state of the references in one repository
+at the originating machine, which can then be imported into another
-to another.
+repository using 'git fetch', 'git pull', or 'git clone',
+after moving the archive by some means (e.g., by sneakernet).
 
-Git commands that fetch or otherwise "read" via protocols such as
+As no
-`ssh://` and `https://` can also operate on bundle files. It is
+direct connection between the repositories exists, the user must specify a
-possible linkgit:git-clone[1] a new repository from a bundle, to use
+basis for the bundle that is held by the destination repository: the
-linkgit:git-fetch[1] to fetch from one, and to list the references
+bundle assumes that all objects in the basis are already in the
-contained within it with linkgit:git-ls-remote[1]. There's no
+destination repository.
-corresponding "write" support, i.e.a 'git push' into a bundle is not
-supported.
-
-See the "EXAMPLES" section below for examples of how to use bundles.
-
-BUNDLE FORMAT
--------------
-
-Bundles are `.pack` files (see linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]) with a
-header indicating what references are contained within the bundle.
-
-Like the the packed archive format itself bundles can either be
-self-contained, or be created using exclusions.
-See the "OBJECT PREREQUISITES" section below.
-
-Bundles created using revision exclusions are "thin packs" created
-using the `--thin` option to linkgit:git-pack-objects[1], and
-unbundled using the `--fix-thin` option to linkgit:git-index-pack[1].
-
-There is no option to create a "thick pack" when using revision
-exclusions, users should not be concerned about the difference. By
-using "thin packs" bundles created using exclusions are smaller in
-size. That they're "thin" under the hood is merely noted here as a
-curiosity, and as a reference to other documentation
-
-See link:technical/bundle-format.html[the `bundle-format`
-documentation] for more details and the discussion of "thin pack" in
-link:technical/pack-format.html[the pack format documentation] for
-further details.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -144,88 +117,28 @@ unbundle <file>::
 SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 ---------------------
 
-Revisions must accompanied by reference names to be packaged in a
+'git bundle' will only package references that are shown by
-bundle.
+'git show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
-
+such as `master~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
-More than one reference may be packaged, and more than one set of prerequisite objects can
+defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
-be specified.  The objects packaged are those not contained in the
+than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
-union of the prerequisites.
+contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
-
+specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
-The 'git bundle create' command resolves the reference names for you
+`master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
-using the same rules as `git rev-parse --abbrev-ref=loose`. Each
-prerequisite can be specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly
-(e.g. `master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
-
-All of these simple cases are OK (assuming we have a "master" and
-"next" branch):
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create master.bundle master
-$ echo master | git bundle create master.bundle --stdin
-$ git bundle create master-and-next.bundle master next
-$ (echo master; echo next) | git bundle create master-and-next.bundle --stdin
-----------------
-
-And so are these (and the same but omitted `--stdin` examples):
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create recent-master.bundle master~10..master
-$ git bundle create recent-updates.bundle master~10..master next~5..next
-----------------
-
-A revision name or a range whose right-hand-side cannot be resolved to
-a reference is not accepted:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create HEAD.bundle $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.
-$ git bundle create master-yesterday.bundle master~10..master~5
-fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.
-----------------
-
-OBJECT PREREQUISITES
---------------------
-
-When creating bundles it is possible to create a self-contained bundle
-that can be unbundled in a repository with no common history, as well
-as providing negative revisions to exclude objects needed in the
-earlier parts of the history.
-
-Feeding a revision such as `new` to `git bundle create` will create a
-bundle file that contains all the objects reachable from the revision
-`new`. That bundle can be unbundled in any repository to obtain a full
-history that leads to the revision `new`:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create full.bundle new
-----------------
-
-A revision range such as `old..new` will produce a bundle file that
-will require the revision `old` (and any objects reachable from it)
-to exist for the bundle to be "unbundle"-able:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create full.bundle old..new
-----------------
-
-A self-contained bundle without any prerequisites can be extracted
-into anywhere, even into an empty repository, or be cloned from
-(i.e., `new`, but not `old..new`).
 
+It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
 It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
 to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
 when unpacking at the destination.
 
+`git clone` can use any bundle created without negative refspecs
+(e.g., `new`, but not `old..new`).
 If you want to match `git clone --mirror`, which would include your
 refs such as `refs/remotes/*`, use `--all`.
 If you want to provide the same set of refs that a clone directly
 from the source repository would get, use `--branches --tags` for
 the `<git-rev-list-args>`.
 
-The 'git bundle verify' command can be used to check whether your
-recipient repository has the required prerequisite commits for a
-bundle.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
@@ -236,7 +149,7 @@ but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
 We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.
 
 To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
-any prerequisites. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
+any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
 processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
 with an incremental bundle:
 
@@ -287,7 +200,7 @@ machineB$ git pull
 
 If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
 have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
-prerequisites, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
+basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
 in the resulting bundle. The previous example used the lastR2bundle tag
 for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
 the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
@@ -298,7 +211,7 @@ You can use a tag that is present in both:
 $ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
 ----------------
 
-You can use a prerequisite based on time:
+You can use a basis based on time:
 
 ----------------
 $ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
@@ -311,7 +224,7 @@ $ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
 ----------------
 
 You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
-that was created with a prerequisite:
+that was created with a basis:
 
 ----------------
 $ git bundle verify mybundle

Documentation/git-cat-file.txt

@@ -35,42 +35,42 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -t::
 	Instead of the content, show the object type identified by
-	`<object>`.
+	<object>.
 
 -s::
 	Instead of the content, show the object size identified by
-	`<object>`.
+	<object>.
 
 -e::
-	Exit with zero status if `<object>` exists and is a valid
+	Exit with zero status if <object> exists and is a valid
-	object. If `<object>` is of an invalid format exit with non-zero and
+	object. If <object> is of an invalid format exit with non-zero and
 	emits an error on stderr.
 
 -p::
-	Pretty-print the contents of `<object>` based on its type.
+	Pretty-print the contents of <object> based on its type.
 
 <type>::
-	Typically this matches the real type of `<object>` but asking
+	Typically this matches the real type of <object> but asking
 	for a type that can trivially be dereferenced from the given
-	`<object>` is also permitted.  An example is to ask for a
+	<object> is also permitted.  An example is to ask for a
-	"tree" with `<object>` being a commit object that contains it,
+	"tree" with <object> being a commit object that contains it,
-	or to ask for a "blob" with `<object>` being a tag object that
+	or to ask for a "blob" with <object> being a tag object that
 	points at it.
 
 --textconv::
 	Show the content as transformed by a textconv filter. In this case,
-	`<object>` has to be of the form `<tree-ish>:<path>`, or `:<path>` in
+	<object> has to be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in
 	order to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at
-	`<path>`.
+	<path>.
 
 --filters::
 	Show the content as converted by the filters configured in
-	the current working tree for the given `<path>` (i.e. smudge filters,
+	the current working tree for the given <path> (i.e. smudge filters,
-	end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, `<object>` has to be of
+	end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, <object> has to be of
-	the form `<tree-ish>:<path>`, or `:<path>`.
+	the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path>.
 
 --path=<path>::
-	For use with `--textconv` or `--filters`, to allow specifying an object
+	For use with --textconv or --filters, to allow specifying an object
 	name and a path separately, e.g. when it is difficult to figure out
 	the revision from which the blob came.
 
@@ -115,15 +115,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	repository.
 
 --allow-unknown-type::
-	Allow `-s` or `-t` to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
+	Allow -s or -t to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
 
 --follow-symlinks::
-	With `--batch` or `--batch-check`, follow symlinks inside the
+	With --batch or --batch-check, follow symlinks inside the
 	repository when requesting objects with extended SHA-1
 	expressions of the form tree-ish:path-in-tree.  Instead of
 	providing output about the link itself, provide output about
 	the linked-to object.  If a symlink points outside the
-	tree-ish (e.g. a link to `/foo` or a root-level link to `../foo`),
+	tree-ish (e.g. a link to /foo or a root-level link to ../foo),
 	the portion of the link which is outside the tree will be
 	printed.
 +
@@ -175,15 +175,15 @@ respectively print:
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
-If `-t` is specified, one of the `<type>`.
+If `-t` is specified, one of the <type>.
 
-If `-s` is specified, the size of the `<object>` in bytes.
+If `-s` is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
 
-If `-e` is specified, no output, unless the `<object>` is malformed.
+If `-e` is specified, no output, unless the <object> is malformed.
 
-If `-p` is specified, the contents of `<object>` are pretty-printed.
+If `-p` is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
 
-If `<type>` is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the `<object>`
+If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
 will be returned.
 
 BATCH OUTPUT
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ object, with placeholders of the form `%(atom)` expanded, followed by a
 newline. The available atoms are:
 
 `objectname`::
-	The full hex representation of the object name.
+	The 40-hex object name of the object.
 
 `objecttype`::
 	The type of the object (the same as `cat-file -t` reports).
@@ -215,9 +215,8 @@ newline. The available atoms are:
 
 `deltabase`::
 	If the object is stored as a delta on-disk, this expands to the
-	full hex representation of the delta base object name.
+	40-hex sha1 of the delta base object. Otherwise, expands to the
-	Otherwise, expands to the null OID (all zeroes). See `CAVEATS`
+	null sha1 (40 zeroes). See `CAVEATS` below.
-	below.
 
 `rest`::
 	If this atom is used in the output string, input lines are split
@@ -236,14 +235,14 @@ newline.
 For example, `--batch` without a custom format would produce:
 
 ------------
-<oid> SP <type> SP <size> LF
+<sha1> SP <type> SP <size> LF
 <contents> LF
 ------------
 
 Whereas `--batch-check='%(objectname) %(objecttype)'` would produce:
 
 ------------
-<oid> SP <type> LF
+<sha1> SP <type> LF
 ------------
 
 If a name is specified on stdin that cannot be resolved to an object in
@@ -259,7 +258,7 @@ If a name is specified that might refer to more than one object (an ambiguous sh
 <object> SP ambiguous LF
 ------------
 
-If `--follow-symlinks` is used, and a symlink in the repository points
+If --follow-symlinks is used, and a symlink in the repository points
 outside the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format
 and print:
 
@@ -268,11 +267,11 @@ symlink SP <size> LF
 <symlink> LF
 ------------
 
-The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a `/`), or relative
+The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a /), or relative
-to the tree root.  For instance, if dir/link points to `../../foo`, then
+to the tree root.  For instance, if dir/link points to ../../foo, then
-`<symlink>` will be `../foo`.  `<size>` is the size of the symlink in bytes.
+<symlink> will be ../foo.  <size> is the size of the symlink in bytes.
 
-If `--follow-symlinks` is used, the following error messages will be
+If --follow-symlinks is used, the following error messages will be
 displayed:
 
 ------------

Documentation/git-clone.txt

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	  [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
 	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--no-tags]
 	  [--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
-	  [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse] [--[no-]reject-shallow]
+	  [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse]
 	  [--filter=<filter>] [--] <repository>
 	  [<directory>]
 
@@ -149,11 +149,6 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 --no-checkout::
 	No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 
---[no-]reject-shallow::
-	Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
-	The 'clone.rejectShallow' configuration variable can be used to
-	specify the default.
-
 --bare::
 	Make a 'bare' Git repository.  That is, instead of
 	creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative

Documentation/git-column.txt

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --indent=<string>::
 	String to be printed at the beginning of each line.
 
---nl=<string>::
+--nl=<N>::
 	String to be printed at the end of each line,
 	including newline character.
 

Documentation/git-commit.txt

@@ -9,13 +9,12 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git commit' [-a | --interactive | --patch] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend]
-	   [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --squash) <commit> | --fixup [(amend|reword):]<commit>)]
+	   [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>]
 	   [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
 	   [-i | -o] [--pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]]
-	   [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [-S[<keyid>]]
+	   [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
-	   [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -p::
 --patch::
-	Use the interactive patch selection interface to choose
+	Use the interactive patch selection interface to chose
 	which changes to commit. See linkgit:git-add[1] for
 	details.
 
@@ -87,44 +86,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
---fixup=[(amend|reword):]<commit>::
+--fixup=<commit>::
-	Create a new commit which "fixes up" `<commit>` when applied with
+	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
-	`git rebase --autosquash`. Plain `--fixup=<commit>` creates a
+	The commit message will be the subject line from the specified
-	"fixup!" commit which changes the content of `<commit>` but leaves
+	commit with a prefix of "fixup! ".  See linkgit:git-rebase[1]
-	its log message untouched. `--fixup=amend:<commit>` is similar but
+	for details.
-	creates an "amend!" commit which also replaces the log message of
-	`<commit>` with the log message of the "amend!" commit.
-	`--fixup=reword:<commit>` creates an "amend!" commit which
-	replaces the log message of `<commit>` with its own log message
-	but makes no changes to the content of `<commit>`.
-+
-The commit created by plain `--fixup=<commit>` has a subject
-composed of "fixup!" followed by the subject line from <commit>,
-and is recognized specially by `git rebase --autosquash`. The `-m`
-option may be used to supplement the log message of the created
-commit, but the additional commentary will be thrown away once the
-"fixup!" commit is squashed into `<commit>` by
-`git rebase --autosquash`.
-+
-The commit created by `--fixup=amend:<commit>` is similar but its
-subject is instead prefixed with "amend!". The log message of
-<commit> is copied into the log message of the "amend!" commit and
-opened in an editor so it can be refined. When `git rebase
---autosquash` squashes the "amend!" commit into `<commit>`, the
-log message of `<commit>` is replaced by the refined log message
-from the "amend!" commit. It is an error for the "amend!" commit's
-log message to be empty unless `--allow-empty-message` is
-specified.
-+
-`--fixup=reword:<commit>` is shorthand for `--fixup=amend:<commit>
---only`. It creates an "amend!" commit with only a log message
-(ignoring any changes staged in the index). When squashed by `git
-rebase --autosquash`, it replaces the log message of `<commit>`
-without making any other changes.
-+
-Neither "fixup!" nor "amend!" commits change authorship of
-`<commit>` when applied by `git rebase --autosquash`.
-See linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details.
 
 --squash=<commit>::
 	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
@@ -200,17 +166,6 @@ The `-m` option is mutually exclusive with `-c`, `-C`, and `-F`.
 
 include::signoff-option.txt[]
 
---trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>]::
-	Specify a (<token>, <value>) pair that should be applied as a
-	trailer. (e.g. `git commit --trailer "Signed-off-by:C O Mitter \
-	<committer@example.com>" --trailer "Helped-by:C O Mitter \
-	<committer@example.com>"` will add the "Signed-off-by" trailer
-	and the "Helped-by" trailer to the commit message.)
-	The `trailer.*` configuration variables
-	(linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]) can be used to define if
-	a duplicated trailer is omitted, where in the run of trailers
-	each trailer would appear, and other details.
-
 -n::
 --no-verify::
 	This option bypasses the pre-commit and commit-msg hooks.

Documentation/git-config.txt

@@ -71,10 +71,6 @@ codes are:
 
 On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
 
-A list of all available configuration variables can be obtained using the
-`git help --config` command.
-
-[[OPTIONS]]
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
@@ -147,13 +143,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 
 -f config-file::
 --file config-file::
-	For writing options: write to the specified file rather than the
+	Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
-	repository `.git/config`.
-+
-For reading options: read only from the specified file rather than from all
-available files.
-+
-See also <<FILES>>.
 
 --blob blob::
 	Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
@@ -335,18 +325,20 @@ All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
 configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
 and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
 
-You can override these rules using the `--global`, `--system`,
+You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
-`--local`, `--worktree`, and `--file` command-line options; see
+variables. The `--global`, `--system` and `--worktree` options will limit
-<<OPTIONS>> above.
+the file used to the global, system-wide or per-worktree file respectively.
+The `GIT_CONFIG` environment variable has a similar effect, but you
+can specify any filename you want.
 
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
 
-GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL::
+GIT_CONFIG::
-GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM::
+	Take the configuration from the given file instead of .git/config.
-	Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
+	Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig. Using the
-	system-level configuration. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
+	"--system" option forces this to $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig.
 
 GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM::
 	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
@@ -370,12 +362,6 @@ This is useful for cases where you want to spawn multiple git commands
 with a common configuration but cannot depend on a configuration file,
 for example when writing scripts.
 
-GIT_CONFIG::
-	If no `--file` option is provided to `git config`, use the file
-	given by `GIT_CONFIG` as if it were provided via `--file`. This
-	variable has no effect on other Git commands, and is mostly for
-	historical compatibility; there is generally no reason to use it
-	instead of the `--file` option.
 
 [[EXAMPLES]]
 EXAMPLES

Documentation/git-credential.txt

@@ -159,7 +159,3 @@ empty string.
 +
 Components which are missing from the URL (e.g., there is no
 username in the example above) will be left unset.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt

@@ -24,18 +24,6 @@ Usage:
 [verse]
 'git-cvsserver' [<options>] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]
 
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-
-This application is a CVS emulation layer for Git.
-
-It is highly functional. However, not all methods are implemented,
-and for those methods that are implemented,
-not all switches are implemented.
-
-Testing has been done using both the CLI CVS client, and the Eclipse CVS
-plugin. Most functionality works fine with both of these clients.
-
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
@@ -69,6 +57,18 @@ access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
 unless `--export-all` was given, too.
 
 
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This application is a CVS emulation layer for Git.
+
+It is highly functional. However, not all methods are implemented,
+and for those methods that are implemented,
+not all switches are implemented.
+
+Testing has been done using both the CLI CVS client, and the Eclipse CVS
+plugin. Most functionality works fine with both of these clients.
+
 LIMITATIONS
 -----------
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ looks like
 
 ------
 
-Only anonymous access is provided by pserver by default. To commit you
+Only anonymous access is provided by pserve by default. To commit you
 will have to create pserver accounts, simply add a gitcvs.authdb
 setting in the config file of the repositories you want the cvsserver
 to allow writes to, for example:
@@ -114,20 +114,21 @@ The format of these files is username followed by the encrypted password,
 for example:
 
 ------
-   myuser:sqkNi8zPf01HI
+   myuser:$1Oyx5r9mdGZ2
-   myuser:$1$9K7FzU28$VfF6EoPYCJEYcVQwATgOP/
+   myuser:$1$BA)@$vbnMJMDym7tA32AamXrm./
-   myuser:$5$.NqmNH1vwfzGpV8B$znZIcumu1tNLATgV2l6e1/mY8RzhUDHMOaVOeL1cxV3
 ------
 You can use the 'htpasswd' facility that comes with Apache to make these
-files, but only with the -d option (or -B if your system suports it).
+files, but Apache's MD5 crypt method differs from the one used by most C
+library's crypt() function, so don't use the -m option.
 
-Preferably use the system specific utility that manages password hash
+Alternatively you can produce the password with perl's crypt() operator:
-creation in your platform (e.g. mkpasswd in Linux, encrypt in OpenBSD or
+-----
-pwhash in NetBSD) and paste it in the right location.
+   perl -e 'my ($user, $pass) = @ARGV; printf "%s:%s\n", $user, crypt($user, $pass)' $USER password
+-----
 
 Then provide your password via the pserver method, for example:
 ------
-   cvs -d:pserver:someuser:somepassword@server:/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name>
+   cvs -d:pserver:someuser:somepassword <at> server/path/repo.git co <HEAD_name>
 ------
 No special setup is needed for SSH access, other than having Git tools
 in the PATH. If you have clients that do not accept the CVS_SERVER
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ Note: Newer CVS versions (>= 1.12.11) also support specifying
 CVS_SERVER directly in CVSROOT like
 
 ------
-   cvs -d ":ext;CVS_SERVER=git cvsserver:user@server/path/repo.git" co <HEAD_name>
+cvs -d ":ext;CVS_SERVER=git cvsserver:user@server/path/repo.git" co <HEAD_name>
 ------
 This has the advantage that it will be saved in your 'CVS/Root' files and
 you don't need to worry about always setting the correct environment
@@ -185,8 +186,8 @@ allowing access over SSH.
 +
 --
 ------
-   export CVSROOT=:ext:user@server:/var/git/project.git
+     export CVSROOT=:ext:user@server:/var/git/project.git
-   export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver"
+     export CVS_SERVER="git cvsserver"
 ------
 --
 4. For SSH clients that will make commits, make sure their server-side
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ allowing access over SSH.
    `project-master` directory:
 +
 ------
-   cvs co -d project-master master
+     cvs co -d project-master master
 ------
 
 [[dbbackend]]

Documentation/git-describe.txt

@@ -63,10 +63,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	Automatically implies --tags.
 
 --abbrev=<n>::
-	Instead of using the default number of hexadecimal digits (which
+	Instead of using the default 7 hexadecimal digits as the
-	will vary according to the number of objects in the repository with
+	abbreviated object name, use <n> digits, or as many digits
-	a default of 7) of the abbreviated object name, use <n> digits, or
+	as needed to form a unique object name.  An <n> of 0
-	as many digits as needed to form a unique object name. An <n> of 0
 	will suppress long format, only showing the closest tag.
 
 --candidates=<n>::
@@ -140,11 +139,8 @@ at the end.
 
 The number of additional commits is the number
 of commits which would be displayed by "git log v1.0.4..parent".
-The hash suffix is "-g" + an unambigous abbreviation for the tip commit
+The hash suffix is "-g" + unambiguous abbreviation for the tip commit
-of parent (which was `2414721b194453f058079d897d13c4e377f92dc6`). The
+of parent (which was `2414721b194453f058079d897d13c4e377f92dc6`).
-length of the abbreviation scales as the repository grows, using the
-approximate number of objects in the repository and a bit of math
-around the birthday paradox, and defaults to a minimum of 7.
 The "g" prefix stands for "git" and is used to allow describing the version of
 a software depending on the SCM the software is managed with. This is useful
 in an environment where people may use different SCMs.

Documentation/git-diff.txt

@@ -51,20 +51,16 @@ files on disk.
 	--staged is a synonym of --cached.
 +
 If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
-of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --cached --merge-base A` is equivalent to
+of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
-`git diff --cached $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
+`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
 
-'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you have in your
 	working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
 	use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
 	branch name to compare with the tip of a different
 	branch.
-+
-If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
-of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
-`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
 
 'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 

Documentation/git-fetch.txt

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ remember to run that, set `fetch.prune` globally, or
 linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 Here's where things get tricky and more specific. The pruning feature
-doesn't actually care about branches, instead it'll prune local <-->
+doesn't actually care about branches, instead it'll prune local <->
 remote-references as a function of the refspec of the remote (see
 `<refspec>` and <<CRTB,CONFIGURED REMOTE-TRACKING BRANCHES>> above).
 

Documentation/git-format-patch.txt

@@ -36,28 +36,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Prepare each non-merge commit with its "patch" in
+Prepare each commit with its patch in
-one "message" per commit, formatted to resemble a UNIX mailbox.
+one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
 for use with 'git am'.
 
-A "message" generated by the command consists of three parts:
-
-* A brief metadata header that begins with `From <commit>`
-  with a fixed `Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001` datestamp to help programs
-  like "file(1)" to recognize that the file is an output from this
-  command, fields that record the author identity, the author date,
-  and the title of the change (taken from the first paragraph of the
-  commit log message).
-
-* The second and subsequent paragraphs of the commit log message.
-
-* The "patch", which is the "diff -p --stat" output (see
-  linkgit:git-diff[1]) between the commit and its parent.
-
-The log message and the patch is separated by a line with a
-three-dash line.
-
 There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
 
 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
@@ -238,11 +221,6 @@ populated with placeholder text.
 	`--subject-prefix` option) has ` v<n>` appended to it.  E.g.
 	`--reroll-count=4` may produce `v4-0001-add-makefile.patch`
 	file that has "Subject: [PATCH v4 1/20] Add makefile" in it.
-	`<n>` does not have to be an integer (e.g. "--reroll-count=4.4",
-	or "--reroll-count=4rev2" are allowed), but the downside of
-	using such a reroll-count is that the range-diff/interdiff
-	with the previous version does not state exactly which
-	version the new interation is compared against.
 
 --to=<email>::
 	Add a `To:` header to the email headers. This is in addition
@@ -740,14 +718,6 @@ use it only when you know the recipient uses Git to apply your patch.
 $ git format-patch -3
 ------------
 
-CAVEATS
--------
-
-Note that `format-patch` will omit merge commits from the output, even
-if they are part of the requested range. A simple "patch" does not
-include enough information for the receiving end to reproduce the same
-merge commit.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]

Documentation/git-grep.txt

@@ -38,6 +38,38 @@ are lists of one or more search expressions separated by newline
 characters.  An empty string as search expression matches all lines.
 
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+grep.lineNumber::
+	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
+
+grep.column::
+	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
+
+grep.patternType::
+	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
+	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
+
+grep.extendedRegexp::
+	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
+	other than 'default'.
+
+grep.threads::
+	Number of grep worker threads to use. If unset (or set to 0), Git will
+	use as many threads as the number of logical cores available.
+
+grep.fullName::
+	If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
+
+grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
+	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
+	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --cached::
@@ -331,38 +363,6 @@ with multiple threads might perform slower than single threaded if `--textconv`
 is given and there're too many text conversions. So if you experience low
 performance in this case, it might be desirable to use `--threads=1`.
 
-CONFIGURATION
--------------
-
-grep.lineNumber::
-	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
-
-grep.column::
-	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
-
-grep.patternType::
-	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
-	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
-	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
-	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
-
-grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
-	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
-	other than 'default'.
-
-grep.threads::
-	Number of grep worker threads to use. If unset (or set to 0), Git will
-	use as many threads as the number of logical cores available.
-
-grep.fullName::
-	If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
-
-grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
-	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
-	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt

@@ -232,38 +232,25 @@ trailer.<token>.ifmissing::
 	that option for trailers with the specified <token>.
 
 trailer.<token>.command::
-	This option behaves in the same way as 'trailer.<token>.cmd', except
+	This option can be used to specify a shell command that will
-	that it doesn't pass anything as argument to the specified command.
+	be called to automatically add or modify a trailer with the
-	Instead the first occurrence of substring $ARG is replaced by the
+	specified <token>.
-	value that would be passed as argument.
 +
-The 'trailer.<token>.command' option has been deprecated in favor of
+When this option is specified, the behavior is as if a special
-'trailer.<token>.cmd' due to the fact that $ARG in the user's command is
+'<token>=<value>' argument were added at the beginning of the command
-only replaced once and that the original way of replacing $ARG is not safe.
+line, where <value> is taken to be the standard output of the
+specified command with any leading and trailing whitespace trimmed
+off.
 +
-When both 'trailer.<token>.cmd' and 'trailer.<token>.command' are given
+If the command contains the `$ARG` string, this string will be
-for the same <token>, 'trailer.<token>.cmd' is used and
+replaced with the <value> part of an existing trailer with the same
-'trailer.<token>.command' is ignored.
+<token>, if any, before the command is launched.
-
-trailer.<token>.cmd::
-	This option can be used to specify a shell command that will be called:
-	once to automatically add a trailer with the specified <token>, and then
-	each time a '--trailer <token>=<value>' argument to modify the <value> of
-	the trailer that this option would produce.
 +
-When the specified command is first called to add a trailer
+If some '<token>=<value>' arguments are also passed on the command
-with the specified <token>, the behavior is as if a special
+line, when a 'trailer.<token>.command' is configured, the command will
-'--trailer <token>=<value>' argument was added at the beginning
+also be executed for each of these arguments. And the <value> part of
-of the "git interpret-trailers" command, where <value>
+these arguments, if any, will be used to replace the `$ARG` string in
-is taken to be the standard output of the command with any
+the command.
-leading and trailing whitespace trimmed off.
-+
-If some '--trailer <token>=<value>' arguments are also passed
-on the command line, the command is called again once for each
-of these arguments with the same <token>. And the <value> part
-of these arguments, if any, will be passed to the command as its
-first argument. This way the command can produce a <value> computed
-from the <value> passed in the '--trailer <token>=<value>' argument.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -346,55 +333,6 @@ subject
 Fix #42
 ------------
 
-* Configure a 'help' trailer with a cmd use a script `glog-find-author`
-  which search specified author identity from git log in git repository
-  and show how it works:
-+
-------------
-$ cat ~/bin/glog-find-author
-#!/bin/sh
-test -n "$1" && git log --author="$1" --pretty="%an <%ae>" -1 || true
-$ git config trailer.help.key "Helped-by: "
-$ git config trailer.help.ifExists "addIfDifferentNeighbor"
-$ git config trailer.help.cmd "~/bin/glog-find-author"
-$ git interpret-trailers --trailer="help:Junio" --trailer="help:Couder" <<EOF
-> subject
->
-> message
->
-> EOF
-subject
-
-message
-
-Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-Helped-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
-------------
-
-* Configure a 'ref' trailer with a cmd use a script `glog-grep`
-  to grep last relevant commit from git log in the git repository
-  and show how it works:
-+
-------------
-$ cat ~/bin/glog-grep
-#!/bin/sh
-test -n "$1" && git log --grep "$1" --pretty=reference -1 || true
-$ git config trailer.ref.key "Reference-to: "
-$ git config trailer.ref.ifExists "replace"
-$ git config trailer.ref.cmd "~/bin/glog-grep"
-$ git interpret-trailers --trailer="ref:Add copyright notices." <<EOF
-> subject
->
-> message
->
-> EOF
-subject
-
-message
-
-Reference-to: 8bc9a0c769 (Add copyright notices., 2005-04-07)
-------------
-
 * Configure a 'see' trailer with a command to show the subject of a
   commit that is related, and show how it works:
 +

Documentation/git-log.txt

@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is
 	specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names
 	are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are
-	shown. The option `--decorate` is short-hand for `--decorate=short`.
+	shown. The default option is 'short'.
-	Default to configuration value of `log.decorate` if configured,
-	otherwise, `auto`.
 
 --decorate-refs=<pattern>::
 --decorate-refs-exclude=<pattern>::

Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt

@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ git-mailinfo - Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n]
+'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--[no-]scissors] <msg> <patch>
-	       [--[no-]scissors] [--quoted-cr=<action>]
-	       <msg> <patch>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -91,23 +89,6 @@ This can be enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings.
 
---quoted-cr=<action>::
-	Action when processes email messages sent with base64 or
-	quoted-printable encoding, and the decoded lines end with a CRLF
-	instead of a simple LF.
-+
-The valid actions are:
-+
---
-*	`nowarn`: Git will do nothing when such a CRLF is found.
-*	`warn`: Git will issue a warning for each message if such a CRLF is
-	found.
-*	`strip`: Git will convert those CRLF to LF.
---
-+
-The default action could be set by configuration option `mailinfo.quotedCR`.
-If no such configuration option has been set, `warn` will be used.
-
 <msg>::
 	The commit log message extracted from e-mail, usually
 	except the title line which comes from e-mail Subject.

Documentation/git-maintenance.txt

@@ -92,8 +92,10 @@ commit-graph::
 prefetch::
 	The `prefetch` task updates the object directory with the latest
 	objects from all registered remotes. For each remote, a `git fetch`
-	command is run. The configured refspec is modified to place all
+	command is run. The refmap is custom to avoid updating local or remote
-	requested refs within `refs/prefetch/`. Also, tags are not updated.
+	branches (those in `refs/heads` or `refs/remotes`). Instead, the
+	remote refs are stored in `refs/prefetch/<remote>/`. Also, tags are
+	not updated.
 +
 This is done to avoid disrupting the remote-tracking branches. The end users
 expect these refs to stay unmoved unless they initiate a fetch.  With prefetch

Documentation/git-merge.txt

@@ -61,8 +61,6 @@ merge has resulted in conflicts.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-:git-merge: 1
-
 include::merge-options.txt[]
 
 -m <msg>::

Documentation/git-mktag.txt

@@ -11,6 +11,14 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git mktag'
 
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--strict::
+	By default mktag turns on the equivalent of
+	linkgit:git-fsck[1] `--strict` mode. Use `--no-strict` to
+	disable it.
+
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
@@ -37,14 +45,6 @@ the appropriate `fsck.<msg-id>` varible:
 
     git -c fsck.extraHeaderEntry=ignore mktag <my-tag-with-headers
 
-OPTIONS
--------
-
---strict::
-	By default mktag turns on the equivalent of
-	linkgit:git-fsck[1] `--strict` mode. Use `--no-strict` to
-	disable it.
-
 Tag Format
 ----------
 A tag signature file, to be fed to this command's standard input,

Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ git-multi-pack-index - Write and verify multi-pack-indexes
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress]
+'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress] <subcommand>
-	[--preferred-pack=<pack>] <subcommand>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -31,16 +30,7 @@ OPTIONS
 The following subcommands are available:
 
 write::
-	Write a new MIDX file. The following options are available for
+	Write a new MIDX file.
-	the `write` sub-command:
-+
---
-	--preferred-pack=<pack>::
-		Optionally specify the tie-breaking pack used when
-		multiple packs contain the same object. If not given,
-		ties are broken in favor of the pack with the lowest
-		mtime.
---
 
 verify::
 	Verify the contents of the MIDX file.

Documentation/git-p4.txt

@@ -762,7 +762,3 @@ IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
   message indicating the p4 depot location and change number.  This
   line is used by later 'git p4 sync' operations to know which p4
   changes are new.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt

@@ -85,16 +85,6 @@ base-name::
 	reference was included in the resulting packfile.  This
 	can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.
 
---stdin-packs::
-	Read the basenames of packfiles (e.g., `pack-1234abcd.pack`)
-	from the standard input, instead of object names or revision
-	arguments. The resulting pack contains all objects listed in the
-	included packs (those not beginning with `^`), excluding any
-	objects listed in the excluded packs (beginning with `^`).
-+
-Incompatible with `--revs`, or options that imply `--revs` (such as
-`--all`), with the exception of `--unpacked`, which is compatible.
-
 --window=<n>::
 --depth=<n>::
 	These two options affect how the objects contained in
@@ -128,10 +118,10 @@ depth is 4095.
 	into multiple independent packfiles, each not larger than the
 	given size. The size can be suffixed with
 	"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+	This option
+	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
-	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set. Note that this option may result in
+	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
-	a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in
-	`pack.packSizeLimit`.
 
 --honor-pack-keep::
 	This flag causes an object already in a local pack that

Documentation/git-pull.txt

@@ -15,17 +15,14 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Incorporates changes from a remote repository into the current branch.
+Incorporates changes from a remote repository into the current
-If the current branch is behind the remote, then by default it will
+branch.  In its default mode, `git pull` is shorthand for
-fast-forward the current branch to match the remote.  If the current
+`git fetch` followed by `git merge FETCH_HEAD`.
-branch and the remote have diverged, the user needs to specify how to
-reconcile the divergent branches with `--rebase` or `--no-rebase` (or
-the corresponding configuration option in `pull.rebase`).
 
-More precisely, `git pull` runs `git fetch` with the given parameters
+More precisely, 'git pull' runs 'git fetch' with the given
-and then depending on configuration options or command line flags,
+parameters and calls 'git merge' to merge the retrieved branch
-will call either `git rebase` or `git merge` to reconcile diverging
+heads into the current branch.
-branches.
+With `--rebase`, it runs 'git rebase' instead of 'git merge'.
 
 <repository> should be the name of a remote repository as
 passed to linkgit:git-fetch[1].  <refspec> can name an
@@ -120,7 +117,7 @@ When set to `preserve` (deprecated in favor of `merges`), rebase with the
 `--preserve-merges` option passed to `git rebase` so that locally created
 merge commits will not be flattened.
 +
-When false, merge the upstream branch into the current branch.
+When false, merge the current branch into the upstream branch.
 +
 When `interactive`, enable the interactive mode of rebase.
 +
@@ -135,7 +132,7 @@ published that history already.  Do *not* use this option
 unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully.
 
 --no-rebase::
-	This is shorthand for --rebase=false.
+	Override earlier --rebase.
 
 Options related to fetching
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Documentation/git-push.txt

@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@ Imagine that you have to rebase what you have already published.
 You will have to bypass the "must fast-forward" rule in order to
 replace the history you originally published with the rebased history.
 If somebody else built on top of your original history while you are
-rebasing, the tip of the branch at the remote may advance with their
+rebasing, the tip of the branch at the remote may advance with her
-commit, and blindly pushing with `--force` will lose their work.
+commit, and blindly pushing with `--force` will lose her work.
 +
 This option allows you to say that you expect the history you are
 updating is what you rebased and want to replace. If the remote ref
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 `git push origin`::
 	Without additional configuration, pushes the current branch to
-	the configured upstream (`branch.<name>.merge` configuration
+	the configured upstream (`remote.origin.merge` configuration
 	variable) if it has the same name as the current branch, and
 	errors out without pushing otherwise.
 +

Documentation/git-rebase.txt

@@ -200,6 +200,12 @@ Alternatively, you can undo the 'git rebase' with
 
     git rebase --abort
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+include::config/rebase.txt[]
+include::config/sequencer.txt[]
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --onto <newbase>::
@@ -340,7 +346,9 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -m::
 --merge::
-	Using merging strategies to rebase (default).
+	Use merging strategies to rebase.  When the recursive (default) merge
+	strategy is used, this allows rebase to be aware of renames on the
+	upstream side.  This is the default.
 +
 Note that a rebase merge works by replaying each commit from the working
 branch on top of the <upstream> branch.  Because of this, when a merge
@@ -352,8 +360,9 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 -s <strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
-	Use the given merge strategy, instead of the default
+	Use the given merge strategy.
-	`recursive`.  This implies `--merge`.
+	If there is no `-s` option 'git merge-recursive' is used
+	instead.  This implies --merge.
 +
 Because 'git rebase' replays each commit from the working branch
 on top of the <upstream> branch using the given strategy, using
@@ -527,7 +536,7 @@ The `--rebase-merges` mode is similar in spirit to the deprecated
 where commits can be reordered, inserted and dropped at will.
 +
 It is currently only possible to recreate the merge commits using the
-`recursive` merge strategy; different merge strategies can be used only via
+`recursive` merge strategy; Different merge strategies can be used only via
 explicit `exec git merge -s <strategy> [...]` commands.
 +
 See also REBASING MERGES and INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
@@ -584,17 +593,16 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --autosquash::
 --no-autosquash::
-	When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." or "fixup! ..."
+	When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." (or
-	or "amend! ...", and there is already a commit in the todo list that
+	"fixup! ..."), and there is already a commit in the todo list that
-	matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of
+	matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of rebase
-	`rebase -i`, so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after
+	-i so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
-	the commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
+	commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
-	from `pick` to `squash` or `fixup` or `fixup -C` respectively. A commit
+	from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`).  A commit matches the `...` if
-	matches the `...` if the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers
+	the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers to the commit's
-	to the commit's hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit
+	hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit subject work,
-	subject work, too. The recommended way to create fixup/amend/squash
+	too.  The recommended way to create fixup/squash commits is by using
-	commits is by using the `--fixup`, `--fixup=amend:` or `--fixup=reword:`
+	the `--fixup`/`--squash` options of linkgit:git-commit[1].
-	and `--squash` options respectively of linkgit:git-commit[1].
 +
 If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the
 configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be
@@ -614,14 +622,6 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 --no-reschedule-failed-exec::
 	Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes
 	sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided).
-+
-Even though this option applies once a rebase is started, it's set for
-the whole rebase at the start based on either the
-`rebase.rescheduleFailedExec` configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]
-or "CONFIGURATION" below) or whether this option is
-provided. Otherwise an explicit `--no-reschedule-failed-exec` at the
-start would be overridden by the presence of
-`rebase.rescheduleFailedExec=true` configuration.
 
 INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS
 --------------------
@@ -887,17 +887,9 @@ If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
 "pick" for the second and subsequent commits with "squash" or "fixup".
 If the commits had different authors, the folded commit will be
 attributed to the author of the first commit.  The suggested commit
-message for the folded commit is the concatenation of the first
+message for the folded commit is the concatenation of the commit
-commit's message with those identified by "squash" commands, omitting the
+messages of the first commit and of those with the "squash" command,
-messages of commits identified by "fixup" commands, unless "fixup -c"
+but omits the commit messages of commits with the "fixup" command.
-is used.  In that case the suggested commit message is only the message
-of the "fixup -c" commit, and an editor is opened allowing you to edit
-the message.  The contents (patch) of the "fixup -c" commit are still
-incorporated into the folded commit. If there is more than one "fixup -c"
-commit, the message from the final one is used.  You can also use
-"fixup -C" to get the same behavior as "fixup -c" except without opening
-an editor.
-
 
 'git rebase' will stop when "pick" has been replaced with "edit" or
 when a command fails due to merge errors. When you are done editing
@@ -1216,16 +1208,12 @@ successful merge so that the user can edit the message.
 If a `merge` command fails for any reason other than merge conflicts (i.e.
 when the merge operation did not even start), it is rescheduled immediately.
 
-By default, the `merge` command will use the `recursive` merge
+At this time, the `merge` command will *always* use the `recursive`
-strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges.  One
+merge strategy for regular merges, and `octopus` for octopus merges,
-can specify a default strategy for all merges using the `--strategy`
+with no way to choose a different one. To work around
-argument when invoking rebase, or can override specific merges in the
+this, an `exec` command can be used to call `git merge` explicitly,
-interactive list of commands by using an `exec` command to call `git
+using the fact that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref
-merge` explicitly with a `--strategy` argument.  Note that when
+`refs/rewritten/onto` would correspond to the label `onto`, for example).
-calling `git merge` explicitly like this, you can make use of the fact
-that the labels are worktree-local refs (the ref `refs/rewritten/onto`
-would correspond to the label `onto`, for example) in order to refer
-to the branches you want to merge.
 
 Note: the first command (`label onto`) labels the revision onto which
 the commits are rebased; The name `onto` is just a convention, as a nod
@@ -1269,12 +1257,6 @@ merge tlsv1.3
 merge cmake
 ------------
 
-CONFIGURATION
--------------
-
-include::config/rebase.txt[]
-include::config/sequencer.txt[]
-
 BUGS
 ----
 The todo list presented by the deprecated `--preserve-merges --interactive`

Documentation/git-repack.txt

@@ -121,9 +121,7 @@ depth is 4095.
 	If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
 	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
-	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set. Note that this option may result in
+	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
-	a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in
-	`pack.packSizeLimit`.
 
 -b::
 --write-bitmap-index::
@@ -167,29 +165,6 @@ depth is 4095.
 	Pass the `--delta-islands` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
 	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
--g=<factor>::
---geometric=<factor>::
-	Arrange resulting pack structure so that each successive pack
-	contains at least `<factor>` times the number of objects as the
-	next-largest pack.
-+
-`git repack` ensures this by determining a "cut" of packfiles that need
-to be repacked into one in order to ensure a geometric progression. It
-picks the smallest set of packfiles such that as many of the larger
-packfiles (by count of objects contained in that pack) may be left
-intact.
-+
-Unlike other repack modes, the set of objects to pack is determined
-uniquely by the set of packs being "rolled-up"; in other words, the
-packs determined to need to be combined in order to restore a geometric
-progression.
-+
-When `--unpacked` is specified, loose objects are implicitly included in
-this "roll-up", without respect to their reachability. This is subject
-to change in the future. This option (implying a drastically different
-repack mode) is not guaranteed to work with all other combinations of
-option to `git repack`.
-
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 

Documentation/git-rm.txt

@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ branch, and no updates to their contents can be staged in the index,
 though that default behavior can be overridden with the `-f` option.
 When `--cached` is given, the staged content has to
 match either the tip of the branch or the file on disk,
-allowing the file to be removed from just the index. When
+allowing the file to be removed from just the index.
-sparse-checkouts are in use (see linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]),
-`git rm` will only remove paths within the sparse-checkout patterns.
 
 
 OPTIONS

Documentation/git-send-email.txt

@@ -167,14 +167,6 @@ Sending
 	`sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
 	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
 
---sendmail-cmd=<command>::
-	Specify a command to run to send the email. The command should
-	be sendmail-like; specifically, it must support the `-i` option.
-	The command will be executed in the shell if necessary.  Default
-	is the value of `sendemail.sendmailcmd`.  If unspecified, and if
-	--smtp-server is also unspecified, git-send-email will search
-	for `sendmail` in `/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH.
-
 --smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
 	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
 	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
@@ -219,16 +211,13 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 
 --smtp-server=<host>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
-	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  If unspecified, and if
+	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
-	`--sendmail-cmd` is also unspecified, the default is to search
+	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
-	for `sendmail` in `/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such a
+	the program must support the `-i` option.  Default value can
-	program is available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.
+	be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
-+
+	option; the built-in default is to search for `sendmail` in
-For backward compatibility, this option can also specify a full pathname
+	`/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such program is
-of a sendmail-like program instead; the program must support the `-i`
+	available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.
-option.  This method does not support passing arguments or using plain
-command names.  For those use cases, consider using `--sendmail-cmd`
-instead.
 
 --smtp-server-port=<port>::
 	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP

Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt

@@ -45,20 +45,6 @@ To avoid interfering with other worktrees, it first enables the
 When `--cone` is provided, the `core.sparseCheckoutCone` setting is
 also set, allowing for better performance with a limited set of
 patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below).
-+
-Use the `--[no-]sparse-index` option to toggle the use of the sparse
-index format. This reduces the size of the index to be more closely
-aligned with your sparse-checkout definition. This can have significant
-performance advantages for commands such as `git status` or `git add`.
-This feature is still experimental. Some commands might be slower with
-a sparse index until they are properly integrated with the feature.
-+
-**WARNING:** Using a sparse index requires modifying the index in a way
-that is not completely understood by external tools. If you have trouble
-with this compatibility, then run `git sparse-checkout init --no-sparse-index`
-to rewrite your index to not be sparse. Older versions of Git will not
-understand the sparse directory entries index extension and may fail to
-interact with your repository until it is disabled.
 
 'set'::
 	Write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file, as given as

Documentation/git-stash.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git stash' list [<log-options>]
-'git stash' show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]
+'git stash' show [<diff-options>] [<stash>]
 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
 The command takes options applicable to the 'git log'
 command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
 
-show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
+show [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
 
 	Show the changes recorded in the stash entry as a diff between the
 	stashed contents and the commit back when the stash entry was first
@@ -91,10 +91,8 @@ show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
 	By default, the command shows the diffstat, but it will accept any
 	format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show -p stash@{1}`
 	to view the second most recent entry in patch form).
-	If no `<diff-option>` is provided, the default behavior will be given
+	You can use stash.showStat and/or stash.showPatch config variables
-	by the `stash.showStat`, and `stash.showPatch` config variables. You
+	to change the default behavior.
-	can also use `stash.showIncludeUntracked` to set whether
-	`--include-untracked` is enabled by default.
 
 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
@@ -162,18 +160,10 @@ up with `git clean`.
 
 -u::
 --include-untracked::
---no-include-untracked::
+	This option is only valid for `push` and `save` commands.
-	When used with the `push` and `save` commands,
-	all untracked files are also stashed and then cleaned up with
-	`git clean`.
 +
-When used with the `show` command, show the untracked files in the stash
+All untracked files are also stashed and then cleaned up with
-entry as part of the diff.
+`git clean`.
-
---only-untracked::
-	This option is only valid for the `show` command.
-+
-Show only the untracked files in the stash entry as part of the diff.
 
 --index::
 	This option is only valid for `pop` and `apply` commands.

Documentation/git-svn.txt

@@ -1061,6 +1061,25 @@ with different name spaces.  For example:
 	branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
 	branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
 
+BUGS
+----
+
+We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable.  Any unhandled
+properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
+
+Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
+tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
+this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
+the possible corner cases (Git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
+renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
+for Git to detect them.
+
+In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
+(because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
+branch). When cloning an SVN repository, 'git svn' cannot know if such a
+commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
+and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with 'tags/'.
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
@@ -1147,25 +1166,6 @@ $GIT_DIR/svn/\**/.rev_map.*::
 if it is missing or not up to date.  'git svn reset' automatically
 rewinds it.
 
-BUGS
-----
-
-We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable.  Any unhandled
-properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
-
-Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
-tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
-this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
-the possible corner cases (Git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
-renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
-for Git to detect them.
-
-In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
-(because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
-branch). When cloning an SVN repository, 'git svn' cannot know if such a
-commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
-and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with 'tags/'.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-rebase[1]

Documentation/git-version.txt

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-git-version(1)
-==============
-
-NAME
-----
-git-version - Display version information about Git
-
-SYNOPSIS
---------
-[verse]
-'git version' [--build-options]
-
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-With no options given, the version of 'git' is printed on the standard output.
-
-Note that `git --version` is identical to `git version` because the
-former is internally converted into the latter.
-
-OPTIONS
--------
---build-options::
-	Include additional information about how git was built for diagnostic
-	purposes.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-worktree.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock [--reason <string>]] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
+'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
 'git worktree list' [--porcelain]
 'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree>
 'git worktree move' <worktree> <new-path>
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ With `list`, annotate missing working trees as prunable if they are
 older than `<time>`.
 
 --reason <string>::
-	With `lock` or with `add --lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
+	With `lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
 
 <worktree>::
 	Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ These annotations are:
 ------------
 $ git worktree list
 /path/to/linked-worktree    abcd1234 [master]
-/path/to/locked-worktree    acbd5678 (brancha) locked
+/path/to/locked-worktreee   acbd5678 (brancha) locked
 /path/to/prunable-worktree  5678abc  (detached HEAD) prunable
 ------------
 

Documentation/git.txt

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
     [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
     [-p|--paginate|-P|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
     [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
-    [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>]
+    [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env <name>=<envvar>]
     <command> [<args>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -41,10 +41,6 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 --version::
 	Prints the Git suite version that the 'git' program came from.
-+
-This option is internally converted to `git version ...` and accepts
-the same options as the linkgit:git-version[1] command. If `--help` is
-also given, it takes precedence over `--version`.
 
 --help::
 	Prints the synopsis and a list of the most commonly used
@@ -674,16 +670,6 @@ for further details.
 	If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
 	on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
 
-`GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL`::
-`GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM`::
-	Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
-	system-level configuration files. If `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM` is set, the
-	system config file defined at build time (usually `/etc/gitconfig`)
-	will not be read. Likewise, if `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL` is set, neither
-	`$HOME/.gitconfig` nor `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` will be read. Can
-	be set to `/dev/null` to skip reading configuration files of the
-	respective level.
-
 `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`::
 	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
 	`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file.  This environment variable can

Documentation/gitattributes.txt

@@ -845,8 +845,6 @@ patterns are available:
 
 - `rust` suitable for source code in the Rust language.
 
-- `scheme` suitable for source code in the Scheme language.
-
 - `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents.
 
 
@@ -1176,8 +1174,7 @@ tag then no replacement will be done.  The placeholders are the same
 as those for the option `--pretty=format:` of linkgit:git-log[1],
 except that they need to be wrapped like this: `$Format:PLACEHOLDERS$`
 in the file.  E.g. the string `$Format:%H$` will be replaced by the
-commit hash.  However, only one `%(describe)` placeholder is expanded
+commit hash.
-per archive to avoid denial-of-service attacks.
 
 
 Packing objects
@@ -1247,12 +1244,6 @@ to:
 [attr]binary -diff -merge -text
 ------------
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.gitattributes`
-file in the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file
-is accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------

Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ mark a file pair as a rename and stop considering other candidates for
 better matches.  At most, one comparison is done per file in this
 preliminary pass; so if there are several remaining ext.txt files
 throughout the directory hierarchy after exact rename detection, this
-preliminary step may be skipped for those files.
+preliminary step will be skipped for those files.
 
 Note.  When the "-C" option is used with `--find-copies-harder`
 option, 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands feed unmodified filepairs to

Documentation/githooks.txt

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ given); `template` (if a `-t` option was given or the
 configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
 commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
 (if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
-a commit object name (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
+a commit SHA-1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
 
 If the exit status is non-zero, `git commit` will abort.
 
@@ -231,19 +231,19 @@ named remote is not being used both values will be the same.
 Information about what is to be pushed is provided on the hook's standard
 input with lines of the form:
 
-  <local ref> SP <local object name> SP <remote ref> SP <remote object name> LF
+  <local ref> SP <local sha1> SP <remote ref> SP <remote sha1> LF
 
 For instance, if the command +git push origin master:foreign+ were run the
 hook would receive a line like the following:
 
   refs/heads/master 67890 refs/heads/foreign 12345
 
-although the full object name would be supplied.  If the foreign ref does not
+although the full, 40-character SHA-1s would be supplied.  If the foreign ref
-yet exist the `<remote object name>` will be the all-zeroes object name.  If a
+does not yet exist the `<remote SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If a ref is to be
-ref is to be deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the
+deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the `<local
-`<local object name>` will be the all-zeroes object name.  If the local commit
+SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If the local commit was specified by something other
-was specified by something other than a name which could be expanded (such as
+than a name which could be expanded (such as `HEAD~`, or a SHA-1) it will be
-`HEAD~`, or an object name) it will be supplied as it was originally given.
+supplied as it was originally given.
 
 If this hook exits with a non-zero status, `git push` will abort without
 pushing anything.  Information about why the push is rejected may be sent
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ input a line of the format:
 where `<old-value>` is the old object name stored in the ref,
 `<new-value>` is the new object name to be stored in the ref and
 `<ref-name>` is the full name of the ref.
-When creating a new ref, `<old-value>` is the all-zeroes object name.
+When creating a new ref, `<old-value>` is 40 `0`.
 
 If the hook exits with non-zero status, none of the refs will be
 updated. If the hook exits with zero, updating of individual refs can
@@ -473,8 +473,7 @@ reference-transaction
 
 This hook is invoked by any Git command that performs reference
 updates. It executes whenever a reference transaction is prepared,
-committed or aborted and may thus get called multiple times. The hook
+committed or aborted and may thus get called multiple times.
-does not cover symbolic references (but that may change in the future).
 
 The hook takes exactly one argument, which is the current state the
 given reference transaction is in:
@@ -493,14 +492,6 @@ receives on standard input a line of the format:
 
   <old-value> SP <new-value> SP <ref-name> LF
 
-where `<old-value>` is the old object name passed into the reference
-transaction, `<new-value>` is the new object name to be stored in the
-ref and `<ref-name>` is the full name of the ref. When force updating
-the reference regardless of its current value or when the reference is
-to be created anew, `<old-value>` is the all-zeroes object name. To
-distinguish these cases, you can inspect the current value of
-`<ref-name>` via `git rev-parse`.
-
 The exit status of the hook is ignored for any state except for the
 "prepared" state. In the "prepared" state, a non-zero exit status will
 cause the transaction to be aborted. The hook will not be called with
@@ -559,7 +550,7 @@ command-dependent arguments may be passed in the future.
 The hook receives a list of the rewritten commits on stdin, in the
 format
 
-  <old-object-name> SP <new-object-name> [ SP <extra-info> ] LF
+  <old-sha1> SP <new-sha1> [ SP <extra-info> ] LF
 
 The 'extra-info' is again command-dependent.  If it is empty, the
 preceding SP is also omitted.  Currently, no commands pass any
@@ -575,7 +566,7 @@ rebase::
 	For the 'squash' and 'fixup' operation, all commits that were
 	squashed are listed as being rewritten to the squashed commit.
 	This means that there will be several lines sharing the same
-	'new-object-name'.
+	'new-sha1'.
 +
 The commits are guaranteed to be listed in the order that they were
 processed by rebase.

Documentation/gitignore.txt

@@ -27,11 +27,12 @@ precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
    them.
 
  * Patterns read from a `.gitignore` file in the same directory
-   as the path, or in any parent directory (up to the top-level of the working
+   as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
-   tree), with patterns in the higher level files being overridden by those in
+   higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden
-   lower level files down to the directory containing the file. These patterns
+   by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
-   match relative to the location of the `.gitignore` file.  A project normally
+   These patterns match relative to the location of the
-   includes such `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
+   `.gitignore` file.  A project normally includes such
+   `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
    files generated as part of the project build.
 
  * Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
@@ -148,15 +149,11 @@ not tracked by Git remain untracked.
 To stop tracking a file that is currently tracked, use
 'git rm --cached'.
 
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.gitignore` file in
-the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file is
-accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
  - The pattern `hello.*` matches any file or folder
-   whose name begins with `hello.`. If one wants to restrict
+   whose name begins with `hello`. If one wants to restrict
    this only to the directory and not in its subdirectories,
    one can prepend the pattern with a slash, i.e. `/hello.*`;
    the pattern now matches `hello.txt`, `hello.c` but not

Documentation/gitmailmap.txt

@@ -55,13 +55,6 @@ this would also match the 'Commit Name <commit&#64;email.xx>' above:
 	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> CoMmIt NaMe <CoMmIt@EmAiL.xX>
 --
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.mailmap` file in
-the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file is
-accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 

Documentation/gitmodules.txt

@@ -98,14 +98,6 @@ submodule.<name>.shallow::
 	shallow clone (with a history depth of 1) unless the user explicitly
 	asks for a non-shallow clone.
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not allow the `.gitmodules` file within a working tree to be a
-symbolic link, and will refuse to check out such a tree entry. This
-keeps behavior consistent when the file is accessed from the index or a
-tree versus from the filesystem, and helps Git reliably enforce security
-checks of the file contents.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------

Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt

@@ -62,7 +62,3 @@ git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'
 ----------
 
 include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/gittutorial.txt

@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ initiating this "pull".  If Bob's work conflicts with what Alice did since
 their histories forked, Alice will use her working tree and the index to
 resolve conflicts, and existing local changes will interfere with the
 conflict resolution process (Git will still perform the fetch but will
-refuse to merge -- Alice will have to get rid of her local changes in
+refuse to merge --- Alice will have to get rid of her local changes in
 some way and pull again when this happens).
 
 Alice can peek at what Bob did without merging first, using the "fetch"

Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt

@@ -751,17 +751,6 @@ default font sizes or lineheights are changed (e.g. via adding extra
 CSS stylesheet in `@stylesheets`), it may be appropriate to change
 these values.
 
-email-privacy::
-	Redact e-mail addresses from the generated HTML, etc. content.
-	This obscures e-mail addresses retrieved from the author/committer
-	and comment sections of the Git log.
-	It is meant to hinder web crawlers that harvest and abuse addresses.
-	Such crawlers may not respect robots.txt.
-	Note that users and user tools also see the addresses as redacted.
-	If Gitweb is not the final step in a workflow then subsequent steps
-	may misbehave because of the redacted information they receive.
-	Disabled by default.
-
 highlight::
 	Server-side syntax highlight support in "blob" view.  It requires
 	`$highlight_bin` program to be available (see the description of

Documentation/glossary-content.txt

@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no
 	<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
 	<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
 	you have. In such a case, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
-	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update your branch to point at the same
+	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
-	revision as the branch you are merging. This will happen frequently on a
+	revision. This will happen frequently on a
 	<<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote
 	<<def_repository,repository>>.