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Author SHA1 Message Date
4000b40209 Git 2.4.12
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2017-05-05 12:43:16 +09:00
5a4ffdf587 Merge branch 'jk/shell-no-repository-that-begins-with-dash' into maint-2.4
* jk/shell-no-repository-that-begins-with-dash:
  shell: disallow repo names beginning with dash
2017-05-05 12:17:55 +09:00
3ec804490a shell: disallow repo names beginning with dash
When a remote server uses git-shell, the client side will
connect to it like:

  ssh server "git-upload-pack 'foo.git'"

and we literally exec ("git-upload-pack", "foo.git"). In
early versions of upload-pack and receive-pack, we took a
repository argument and nothing else. But over time they
learned to accept dashed options. If the user passes a
repository name that starts with a dash, the results are
confusing at best (we complain of a bogus option instead of
a non-existent repository) and malicious at worst (the user
can start an interactive pager via "--help").

We could pass "--" to the sub-process to make sure the
user's argument is interpreted as a branch name. I.e.:

  git-upload-pack -- -foo.git

But adding "--" automatically would make us inconsistent
with a normal shell (i.e., when git-shell is not in use),
where "-foo.git" would still be an error. For that case, the
client would have to specify the "--", but they can't do so
reliably, as existing versions of git-shell do not allow
more than a single argument.

The simplest thing is to simply disallow "-" at the start of
the repo name argument. This hasn't worked either with or
without git-shell since version 1.0.0, and nobody has
complained.

Note that this patch just applies to do_generic_cmd(), which
runs upload-pack, receive-pack, and upload-archive. There
are two other types of commands that git-shell runs:

  - do_cvs_cmd(), but this already restricts the argument to
    be the literal string "server"

  - admin-provided commands in the git-shell-commands
    directory. We'll pass along arbitrary arguments there,
    so these commands could have similar problems. But these
    commands might actually understand dashed arguments, so
    we cannot just block them here. It's up to the writer of
    the commands to make sure they are safe. With great
    power comes great responsibility.

Reported-by: Timo Schmid <tschmid@ernw.de>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2017-05-05 12:07:27 +09:00
1304 changed files with 80516 additions and 203305 deletions

2
.gitattributes vendored
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@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
* whitespace=!indent,trail,space
*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space diff=cpp
*.[ch] whitespace=indent,trail,space
*.sh whitespace=indent,trail,space

34
.gitignore vendored
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@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
/git-rebase--merge
/git-receive-pack
/git-reflog
/git-relink
/git-remote
/git-remote-http
/git-remote-https
@ -154,7 +155,6 @@
/git-status
/git-stripspace
/git-submodule
/git-submodule--helper
/git-svn
/git-symbolic-ref
/git-tag
@ -171,13 +171,42 @@
/git-verify-tag
/git-web--browse
/git-whatchanged
/git-worktree
/git-write-tree
/git-core-*/?*
/gitweb/GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
/gitweb/gitweb.cgi
/gitweb/static/gitweb.js
/gitweb/static/gitweb.min.*
/test-chmtime
/test-ctype
/test-config
/test-date
/test-delta
/test-dump-cache-tree
/test-dump-split-index
/test-scrap-cache-tree
/test-genrandom
/test-hashmap
/test-index-version
/test-line-buffer
/test-match-trees
/test-mergesort
/test-mktemp
/test-parse-options
/test-path-utils
/test-prio-queue
/test-read-cache
/test-regex
/test-revision-walking
/test-run-command
/test-sha1
/test-sha1-array
/test-sigchain
/test-string-list
/test-subprocess
/test-svn-fe
/test-urlmatch-normalization
/test-wildmatch
/common-cmds.h
*.tar.gz
*.dsc
@ -202,6 +231,7 @@
/config.mak.autogen
/config.mak.append
/configure
/unicode
/tags
/TAGS
/cscope*

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@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ Cheng Renquan <crquan@gmail.com>
Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker@cox.net>
Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> <chrisw@osdl.org>
Cord Seele <cowose@gmail.com> <cowose@googlemail.com>
Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> <christian.couder@gmail.com>
Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de> <chs@ckiste.goetheallee>
Csaba Henk <csaba@gluster.com> <csaba@lowlife.hu>
Dan Johnson <computerdruid@gmail.com>
@ -47,14 +46,11 @@ David D. Kilzer <ddkilzer@kilzer.net>
David Kågedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
David Reiss <dreiss@facebook.com> <dreiss@dreiss-vmware.(none)>
David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twopensource.com>
David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twosigma.com>
Deskin Miller <deskinm@umich.edu>
Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com> <ebb9@byu.net>
Eric Hanchrow <eric.hanchrow@gmail.com> <offby1@blarg.net>
Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
Eric Wong <e@80x24.org> <normalperson@yhbt.net>
Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com> <kusmabite@googlemail.com>
Eyvind Bernhardsen <eyvind.bernhardsen@gmail.com> <eyvind-git@orakel.ntnu.no>
Florian Achleitner <florian.achleitner.2.6.31@gmail.com> <florian.achleitner2.6.31@gmail.com>
@ -190,10 +186,8 @@ Philip Jägenstedt <philip@foolip.org> <philip.jagenstedt@gmail.com>
Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx> <ph@sorgh.de>
Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com> <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
Richard Hansen <rhansen@rhansen.org> <hansenr@google.com>
Richard Hansen <rhansen@rhansen.org> <rhansen@bbn.com>
Robert Fitzsimons <robfitz@273k.net>
Robert Shearman <robertshearman@gmail.com> <rob@codeweavers.com>
Robert Zeh <robert.a.zeh@gmail.com>
@ -225,7 +219,6 @@ Steven Walter <stevenrwalter@gmail.com> <swalter@lexmark.com>
Steven Walter <stevenrwalter@gmail.com> <swalter@lpdev.prtdev.lexmark.com>
Sven Verdoolaege <skimo@kotnet.org> <Sven.Verdoolaege@cs.kuleuven.ac.be>
Sven Verdoolaege <skimo@kotnet.org> <skimo@liacs.nl>
SZEDER Gábor <szeder.dev@gmail.com> <szeder@ira.uka.de>
Tay Ray Chuan <rctay89@gmail.com>
Ted Percival <ted@midg3t.net> <ted.percival@quest.com>
Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

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@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
language: c
sudo: false
cache:
directories:
- $HOME/travis-cache
os:
- linux
- osx
compiler:
- clang
- gcc
addons:
apt:
packages:
- language-pack-is
- git-svn
- apache2
env:
global:
- DEVELOPER=1
# The Linux build installs the defined dependency versions below.
# The OS X build installs the latest available versions. Keep that
# in mind when you encounter a broken OS X build!
- LINUX_P4_VERSION="16.2"
- LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION="1.5.2"
- DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET=prove
- GIT_PROVE_OPTS="--timer --jobs 3 --state=failed,slow,save"
- GIT_TEST_OPTS="--verbose-log"
- GIT_TEST_CLONE_2GB=YesPlease
# t9810 occasionally fails on Travis CI OS X
# t9816 occasionally fails with "TAP out of sequence errors" on Travis CI OS X
- GIT_SKIP_TESTS="t9810 t9816"
matrix:
include:
- env: Documentation
os: linux
compiler: clang
addons:
apt:
packages:
- asciidoc
- xmlto
before_install:
before_script:
script: ci/test-documentation.sh
after_failure:
before_install:
- >
case "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME:-linux}" in
linux)
export GIT_TEST_HTTPD=YesPlease
mkdir --parents custom/p4
pushd custom/p4
wget --quiet http://filehost.perforce.com/perforce/r$LINUX_P4_VERSION/bin.linux26x86_64/p4d
wget --quiet http://filehost.perforce.com/perforce/r$LINUX_P4_VERSION/bin.linux26x86_64/p4
chmod u+x p4d
chmod u+x p4
export PATH="$(pwd):$PATH"
popd
mkdir --parents custom/git-lfs
pushd custom/git-lfs
wget --quiet https://github.com/github/git-lfs/releases/download/v$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION/git-lfs-linux-amd64-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION.tar.gz
tar --extract --gunzip --file "git-lfs-linux-amd64-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION.tar.gz"
cp git-lfs-$LINUX_GIT_LFS_VERSION/git-lfs .
export PATH="$(pwd):$PATH"
popd
;;
osx)
brew update --quiet
# Uncomment this if you want to run perf tests:
# brew install gnu-time
brew install git-lfs gettext
brew link --force gettext
brew install caskroom/cask/perforce
;;
esac;
echo "$(tput setaf 6)Perforce Server Version$(tput sgr0)";
p4d -V | grep Rev.;
echo "$(tput setaf 6)Perforce Client Version$(tput sgr0)";
p4 -V | grep Rev.;
echo "$(tput setaf 6)Git-LFS Version$(tput sgr0)";
git-lfs version;
mkdir -p $HOME/travis-cache;
ln -s $HOME/travis-cache/.prove t/.prove;
before_script: make --jobs=2
script: make --quiet test
after_failure:
- >
: '<-- Click here to see detailed test output! ';
for TEST_EXIT in t/test-results/*.exit;
do
if [ "$(cat "$TEST_EXIT")" != "0" ];
then
TEST_OUT="${TEST_EXIT%exit}out";
echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------";
echo "$(tput setaf 1)${TEST_OUT}...$(tput sgr0)";
echo "------------------------------------------------------------------------";
cat "${TEST_OUT}";
fi;
done;
notifications:
email: false

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@ -171,11 +171,6 @@ For C programs:
- We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
- As a Git developer we assume you have a reasonably modern compiler
and we recommend you to enable the DEVELOPER makefile knob to
ensure your patch is clear of all compiler warnings we care about,
by e.g. "echo DEVELOPER=1 >>config.mak".
- We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile Git with,
including old ones. That means that you should not use C99
initializers, even if a lot of compilers grok it.
@ -206,38 +201,11 @@ For C programs:
x = 1;
}
is frowned upon. But there are a few exceptions:
- When the statement extends over a few lines (e.g., a while loop
with an embedded conditional, or a comment). E.g.:
while (foo) {
if (x)
one();
else
two();
}
if (foo) {
/*
* This one requires some explanation,
* so we're better off with braces to make
* it obvious that the indentation is correct.
*/
doit();
}
- When there are multiple arms to a conditional and some of them
require braces, enclose even a single line block in braces for
consistency. E.g.:
if (foo) {
doit();
} else {
one();
two();
three();
}
is frowned upon. A gray area is when the statement extends
over a few lines, and/or you have a lengthy comment atop of
it. Also, like in the Linux kernel, if there is a long list
of "else if" statements, it can make sense to add braces to
single line blocks.
- We try to avoid assignments in the condition of an "if" statement.
@ -553,20 +521,12 @@ Writing Documentation:
modifying paragraphs or option/command explanations that contain options
or commands:
Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names,
branch names, configuration and environment variables) must be
typeset in monospace (i.e. wrapped with backticks):
Literal examples (e.g. use of command-line options, command names, and
configuration variables) are typeset in monospace, and if you can use
`backticks around word phrases`, do so.
`--pretty=oneline`
`git rev-list`
`remote.pushDefault`
`GIT_DIR`
`HEAD`
An environment variable must be prefixed with "$" only when referring to its
value and not when referring to the variable itself, in this case there is
nothing to add except the backticks:
`GIT_DIR` is specified
`$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive`
Word phrases enclosed in `backtick characters` are rendered literally
and will not be further expanded. The use of `backticks` to achieve the

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@ -76,7 +76,6 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
TECH_DOCS += technical/racy-git
TECH_DOCS += technical/send-pack-pipeline
TECH_DOCS += technical/shallow
TECH_DOCS += technical/signature-format
TECH_DOCS += technical/trivial-merge
SP_ARTICLES += $(TECH_DOCS)
SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
@ -120,7 +119,6 @@ INSTALL_INFO = install-info
DOCBOOK2X_TEXI = docbook2x-texi
DBLATEX = dblatex
ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR = /etc/asciidoc/dblatex
DBLATEX_COMMON = -p $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.sty
ifndef PERL_PATH
PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
endif
@ -148,7 +146,7 @@ else
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
endif
endif
ifndef NO_MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
ifdef MAN_BOLD_LITERAL
XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-bold-literal.xsl
endif
ifdef DOCBOOK_SUPPRESS_SP
@ -174,16 +172,6 @@ ifdef GNU_ROFF
XMLTO_EXTRA += -m manpage-quote-apos.xsl
endif
ifdef USE_ASCIIDOCTOR
ASCIIDOC = asciidoctor
ASCIIDOC_CONF =
ASCIIDOC_HTML = xhtml5
ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook45
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -I. -rasciidoctor-extensions
ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
DBLATEX_COMMON =
endif
SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
# Shell quote;
SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
@ -216,7 +204,6 @@ ifndef V
QUIET_DBLATEX = @echo ' ' DBLATEX $@;
QUIET_XSLTPROC = @echo ' ' XSLTPROC $@;
QUIET_GEN = @echo ' ' GEN $@;
QUIET_LINT = @echo ' ' LINT $@;
QUIET_STDERR = 2> /dev/null
QUIET_SUBDIR0 = +@subdir=
QUIET_SUBDIR1 = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo ' ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
@ -348,7 +335,7 @@ manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf
$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
$(TXT_TO_XML) -d article -o $@+ $< && \
mv $@+ $@
technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
@ -379,14 +366,13 @@ user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $< && \
$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ -p $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.xsl -s $(ASCIIDOC_DBLATEX_DIR)/asciidoc-dblatex.sty $< && \
mv $@+ $@
gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl
gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl
$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
($(foreach xml,$(sort $(MAN_XML)),xsltproc -o $(xml)+ texi.xsl $(xml) && \
$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout $(xml)+ && \
rm $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@++ && \
($(foreach xml,$(MAN_XML),$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 \
--to-stdout $(xml) &&) true) > $@++ && \
$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
rm $@++ && \
mv $@+ $@
@ -441,7 +427,4 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
print-man1:
@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
lint-docs::
$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
.PHONY: FORCE

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@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Updates since v1.7.6
logic used by "git diff" to determine the hunk header.
* Invoking the low-level "git http-fetch" without "-a" option (which
git itself never did--normal users should not have to worry about
git itself never did---normal users should not have to worry about
this) is now deprecated.
* The "--decorate" option to "git log" and its family learned to

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
Git v1.8.3.1 Release Notes
==========================
========================
Fixes since v1.8.3
------------------

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
Git v1.8.4.1 Release Notes
==========================
========================
Fixes since v1.8.4
------------------

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
Git v1.8.4.2 Release Notes
==========================
========================
Fixes since v1.8.4.1
--------------------

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
Git v1.8.4.3 Release Notes
==========================
========================
Fixes since v1.8.4.2
--------------------

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
Git v1.8.4.4 Release Notes
==========================
========================
Fixes since v1.8.4.3
--------------------

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@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
* The naming convention of the packfiles has been updated; it used to
be based on the enumeration of names of the objects that are
contained in the pack, but now it also depends on how the packed
result is represented--packing the same set of objects using
result is represented---packing the same set of objects using
different settings (or delta order) would produce a pack with
different name.

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@ -1,675 +0,0 @@
Git 2.10 Release Notes
======================
Backward compatibility notes
----------------------------
Updates since v2.9
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* "git pull --rebase --verify-signature" learned to warn the user
that "--verify-signature" is a no-op when rebasing.
* An upstream project can make a recommendation to shallowly clone
some submodules in the .gitmodules file it ships.
* "git worktree add" learned that '-' can be used as a short-hand for
"@{-1}", the previous branch.
* Update the funcname definition to support css files.
* The completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete "git
status" options.
* Messages that are generated by auto gc during "git push" on the
receiving end are now passed back to the sending end in such a way
that they are shown with "remote: " prefix to avoid confusing the
users.
* "git add -i/-p" learned to honor diff.compactionHeuristic
experimental knob, so that the user can work on the same hunk split
as "git diff" output.
* "upload-pack" allows a custom "git pack-objects" replacement when
responding to "fetch/clone" via the uploadpack.packObjectsHook.
(merge b738396 jk/upload-pack-hook later to maint).
* Teach format-patch and mailsplit (hence "am") how a line that
happens to begin with "From " in the e-mail message is quoted with
">", so that these lines can be restored to their original shape.
(merge d9925d1 ew/mboxrd-format-am later to maint).
* "git repack" learned the "--keep-unreachable" option, which sends
loose unreachable objects to a pack instead of leaving them loose.
This helps heuristics based on the number of loose objects
(e.g. "gc --auto").
(merge e26a8c4 jk/repack-keep-unreachable later to maint).
* "log --graph --format=" learned that "%>|(N)" specifies the width
relative to the terminal's left edge, not relative to the area to
draw text that is to the right of the ancestry-graph section. It
also now accepts negative N that means the column limit is relative
to the right border.
* A careless invocation of "git send-email directory/" after editing
0001-change.patch with an editor often ends up sending both
0001-change.patch and its backup file, 0001-change.patch~, causing
embarrassment and a minor confusion. Detect such an input and
offer to skip the backup files when sending the patches out.
(merge 531220b jc/send-email-skip-backup later to maint).
* "git submodule update" that drives many "git clone" could
eventually hit flaky servers/network conditions on one of the
submodules; the command learned to retry the attempt.
* The output coloring scheme learned two new attributes, italic and
strike, in addition to existing bold, reverse, etc.
* "git log" learns log.showSignature configuration variable, and a
command line option "--no-show-signature" to countermand it.
(merge fce04c3 mj/log-show-signature-conf later to maint).
* More markings of messages for i18n, with updates to various tests
to pass GETTEXT_POISON tests.
* "git archive" learned to handle files that are larger than 8GB and
commits far in the future than expressible by the traditional US-TAR
format.
(merge 560b0e8 jk/big-and-future-archive-tar later to maint).
* A new configuration variable core.sshCommand has been added to
specify what value for GIT_SSH_COMMAND to use per repository.
* "git worktree prune" protected worktrees that are marked as
"locked" by creating a file in a known location. "git worktree"
command learned a dedicated command pair to create and remove such
a file, so that the users do not have to do this with editor.
* A handful of "git svn" updates.
* "git push" learned to accept and pass extra options to the
receiving end so that hooks can read and react to them.
* "git status" learned to suggest "merge --abort" during a conflicted
merge, just like it already suggests "rebase --abort" during a
conflicted rebase.
* "git jump" script (in contrib/) has been updated a bit.
(merge a91e692 jk/git-jump later to maint).
* "git push" and "git clone" learned to give better progress meters
to the end user who is waiting on the terminal.
* An entry "git log --decorate" for the tip of the current branch is
shown as "HEAD -> name" (where "name" is the name of the branch);
the arrow is now painted in the same color as "HEAD", not in the
color for commits.
* "git format-patch" learned format.from configuration variable to
specify the default settings for its "--from" option.
* "git am -3" calls "git merge-recursive" when it needs to fall back
to a three-way merge; this call has been turned into an internal
subroutine call instead of spawning a separate subprocess.
* The command line completion scripts (in contrib/) now knows about
"git branch --delete/--move [--remote]".
(merge 2703c22 vs/completion-branch-fully-spelled-d-m-r later to maint).
* "git rev-parse --git-path hooks/<hook>" learned to take
core.hooksPath configuration variable (introduced during 2.9 cycle)
into account.
(merge 9445b49 ab/hooks later to maint).
* "git log --show-signature" and other commands that display the
verification status of PGP signature now shows the longer key-id,
as 32-bit key-id is so last century.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* "git fast-import" learned the same performance trick to avoid
creating too small a packfile as "git fetch" and "git push" have,
using *.unpackLimit configuration.
* When "git daemon" is run without --[init-]timeout specified, a
connection from a client that silently goes offline can hang around
for a long time, wasting resources. The socket-level KEEPALIVE has
been enabled to allow the OS to notice such failed connections.
* "git upload-pack" command has been updated to use the parse-options
API.
* The "git apply" standalone program is being libified; the first
step to move many state variables into a structure that can be
explicitly (re)initialized to make the machinery callable more
than once has been merged.
* HTTP transport gained an option to produce more detailed debugging
trace.
(merge 73e57aa ep/http-curl-trace later to maint).
* Instead of taking advantage of the fact that a struct string_list
that is allocated with all NULs happens to be the INIT_NODUP kind,
the users of string_list structures are taught to initialize them
explicitly as such, to document their behaviour better.
(merge 2721ce2 jk/string-list-static-init later to maint).
* HTTPd tests learned to show the server error log to help diagnosing
a failing tests.
(merge 44f243d nd/test-lib-httpd-show-error-log-in-verbose later to maint).
* The ownership rule for the piece of memory that hold references to
be fetched in "git fetch" was screwy, which has been cleaned up.
* "git bisect" makes an internal call to "git diff-tree" when
bisection finds the culprit, but this call did not initialize the
data structure to pass to the diff-tree API correctly.
* Further preparatory clean-up for "worktree" feature continues.
(merge 0409e0b nd/worktree-cleanup-post-head-protection later to maint).
* Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
GPG signature have been documented.
* A new run-command API function pipe_command() is introduced to
sanely feed data to the standard input while capturing data from
the standard output and the standard error of an external process,
which is cumbersome to hand-roll correctly without deadlocking.
* The codepath to sign data in a prepared buffer with GPG has been
updated to use this API to read from the status-fd to check for
errors (instead of relying on GPG's exit status).
(merge efee955 jk/gpg-interface-cleanup later to maint).
* Allow t/perf framework to use the features from the most recent
version of Git even when testing an older installed version.
* The commands in the "log/diff" family have had an FILE* pointer in the
data structure they pass around for a long time, but some codepaths
used to always write to the standard output. As a preparatory step
to make "git format-patch" available to the internal callers, these
codepaths have been updated to consistently write into that FILE*
instead.
* Conversion from unsigned char sha1[20] to struct object_id
continues.
* Improve the look of the way "git fetch" reports what happened to
each ref that was fetched.
* The .c/.h sources are marked as such in our .gitattributes file so
that "git diff -W" and friends would work better.
* Code clean-up to avoid using a variable string that compilers may
feel untrustable as printf-style format given to write_file()
helper function.
* "git p4" used a location outside $GIT_DIR/refs/ to place its
temporary branches, which has been moved to refs/git-p4-tmp/.
* Existing autoconf generated test for the need to link with pthread
library did not check all the functions from pthread libraries;
recent FreeBSD has some functions in libc but not others, and we
mistakenly thought linking with libc is enough when it is not.
* When "git fsck" reports a broken link (e.g. a tree object contains
a blob that does not exist), both containing object and the object
that is referred to were reported with their 40-hex object names.
The command learned the "--name-objects" option to show the path to
the containing object from existing refs (e.g. "HEAD~24^2:file.txt").
* Allow http daemon tests in Travis CI tests.
* Makefile assumed that -lrt is always available on platforms that
want to use clock_gettime() and CLOCK_MONOTONIC, which is not a
case for recent Mac OS X. The necessary symbols are often found in
libc on many modern systems and having -lrt on the command line, as
long as the library exists, had no effect, but when the platform
removes librt.a that is a different matter--having -lrt will break
the linkage.
This change could be seen as a regression for those who do need to
specify -lrt, as they now specifically ask for NEEDS_LIBRT when
building. Hopefully they are in the minority these days.
* Further preparatory work on the refs API before the pluggable
backend series can land.
* Error handling in the codepaths that updates refs has been
improved.
* The API to iterate over all the refs (i.e. for_each_ref(), etc.)
has been revamped.
* The handling of the "text=auto" attribute has been corrected.
$ echo "* text=auto eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
used to have the same effect as
$ echo "* text eol=crlf" >.gitattributes
i.e. declaring all files are text (ignoring "auto"). The
combination has been fixed to be equivalent to doing
$ git config core.autocrlf true
* Documentation has been updated to show better example usage
of the updated "text=auto" attribute.
* A few tests that specifically target "git rebase -i" have been
added.
* Dumb http transport on the client side has been optimized.
(merge ecba195 ew/http-walker later to maint).
* Users of the parse_options_concat() API function need to allocate
extra slots in advance and fill them with OPT_END() when they want
to decide the set of supported options dynamically, which makes the
code error-prone and hard to read. This has been corrected by tweaking
the API to allocate and return a new copy of "struct option" array.
* "git fetch" exchanges batched have/ack messages between the sender
and the receiver, initially doubling every time and then falling
back to enlarge the window size linearly. The "smart http"
transport, being an half-duplex protocol, outgrows the preset limit
too quickly and becomes inefficient when interacting with a large
repository. The internal mechanism learned to grow the window size
more aggressively when working with the "smart http" transport.
* Tests for "git svn" have been taught to reuse the lib-httpd test
infrastructure when testing the subversion integration that
interacts with subversion repositories served over the http://
protocol.
(merge a8a5d25 ew/git-svn-http-tests later to maint).
* "git pack-objects" has a few options that tell it not to pack
objects found in certain packfiles, which require it to scan .idx
files of all available packs. The codepaths involved in these
operations have been optimized for a common case of not having any
non-local pack and/or any .kept pack.
* The t3700 test about "add --chmod=-x" have been made a bit more
robust and generally cleaned up.
(merge 766cdc4 ib/t3700-add-chmod-x-updates later to maint).
* The build procedure learned PAGER_ENV knob that lists what default
environment variable settings to export for popular pagers. This
mechanism is used to tweak the default settings to MORE on FreeBSD.
(merge 995bc22 ew/build-time-pager-tweaks later to maint).
* The http-backend (the server-side component of smart-http
transport) used to trickle the HTTP header one at a time. Now
these write(2)s are batched.
(merge b36045c ew/http-backend-batch-headers later to maint).
* When "git rebase" tries to compare set of changes on the updated
upstream and our own branch, it computes patch-id for all of these
changes and attempts to find matches. This has been optimized by
lazily computing the full patch-id (which is expensive) to be
compared only for changes that touch the same set of paths.
(merge ba67504 kw/patch-ids-optim later to maint).
* A handful of tests that were broken under gettext-poison build have
been fixed.
* The recent i18n patch we added during this cycle did a bit too much
refactoring of the messages to avoid word-legos; the repetition has
been reduced to help translators.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.9
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.8 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* The commands in `git log` family take %C(auto) in a custom format
string. This unconditionally turned the color on, ignoring
--no-color or with --color=auto when the output is not connected to
a tty; this was corrected to make the format truly behave as
"auto".
* "git rev-list --count" whose walk-length is limited with "-n"
option did not work well with the counting optimized to look at the
bitmap index.
* "git show -W" (extend hunks to cover the entire function, delimited
by lines that match the "funcname" pattern) used to show the entire
file when a change added an entire function at the end of the file,
which has been fixed.
* The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
* "git svn propset" subcommand that was added in 2.3 days is
documented now.
* The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
* "git reflog" stopped upon seeing an entry that denotes a branch
creation event (aka "unborn"), which made it appear as if the
reflog was truncated.
* The git-prompt scriptlet (in contrib/) was not friendly with those
who uses "set -u", which has been fixed.
* compat/regex code did not cleanly compile.
* A codepath that used alloca(3) to place an unbounded amount of data
on the stack has been updated to avoid doing so.
* "git update-index --add --chmod=+x file" may be usable as an escape
hatch, but not a friendly thing to force for people who do need to
use it regularly. "git add --chmod=+x file" can be used instead.
* Build improvements for gnome-keyring (in contrib/)
* "git status" used to say "working directory" when it meant "working
tree".
* Comments about misbehaving FreeBSD shells have been clarified with
the version number (9.x and before are broken, newer ones are OK).
* "git cherry-pick A" worked on an unborn branch, but "git
cherry-pick A..B" didn't.
* Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
of the submodules are not prepared for.
* Fix unnecessarily waste in the idiomatic use of ': ${VAR=default}'
to set the default value, without enclosing it in double quotes.
* Some platform-specific code had non-ANSI strict declarations of C
functions that do not take any parameters, which has been
corrected.
* The internal code used to show local timezone offset is not
prepared to handle timestamps beyond year 2100, and gave a
bogus offset value to the caller. Use a more benign looking
+0000 instead and let "git log" going in such a case, instead
of aborting.
* One among four invocations of readlink(1) in our test suite has
been rewritten so that the test can run on systems without the
command (others are in valgrind test framework and t9802).
* t/perf needs /usr/bin/time with GNU extension; the invocation of it
is updated to "gtime" on Darwin.
* A bug, which caused "git p4" while running under verbose mode to
report paths that are omitted due to branch prefix incorrectly, has
been fixed; the command said "Ignoring file outside of prefix" for
paths that are _inside_.
* The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
instead.
* A helper function that takes the contents of a commit object and
finds its subject line did not ignore leading blank lines, as is
commonly done by other codepaths. Make it ignore leading blank
lines to match.
* For a long time, we carried an in-code comment that said our
colored output would work only when we use fprintf/fputs on
Windows, which no longer is the case for the past few years.
* "gc.autoPackLimit" when set to 1 should not trigger a repacking
when there is only one pack, but the code counted poorly and did
so.
* Add a test to specify the desired behaviour that currently is not
available in "git rebase -Xsubtree=...".
* More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
* "git commit --amend --allow-empty-message -S" for a commit without
any message body could have misidentified where the header of the
commit object ends.
* "git rebase -i --autostash" did not restore the auto-stashed change
when the operation was aborted.
* Git does not know what the contents in the index should be for a
path added with "git add -N" yet, so "git grep --cached" should not
show hits (or show lack of hits, with -L) in such a path, but that
logic does not apply to "git grep", i.e. searching in the working
tree files. But we did so by mistake, which has been corrected.
* "git blame -M" missed a single line that was moved within the file.
* Fix recently introduced codepaths that are involved in parallel
submodule operations, which gave up on reading too early, and
could have wasted CPU while attempting to write under a corner
case condition.
* "git grep -i" has been taught to fold case in non-ascii locales
correctly.
* A test that unconditionally used "mktemp" learned that the command
is not necessarily available everywhere.
* There are certain house-keeping tasks that need to be performed at
the very beginning of any Git program, and programs that are not
built-in commands had to do them exactly the same way as "git"
potty does. It was easy to make mistakes in one-off standalone
programs (like test helpers). A common "main()" function that
calls cmd_main() of individual program has been introduced to
make it harder to make mistakes.
(merge de61ceb jk/common-main later to maint).
* The test framework learned a new helper test_match_signal to
check an exit code from getting killed by an expected signal.
* General code clean-up around a helper function to write a
single-liner to a file.
(merge 7eb6e10 jk/write-file later to maint).
* One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called
stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours",
which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of
the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in
contrast to "ours".
* "git blame file" allowed the lineage of lines in the uncommitted,
unadded contents of "file" to be inspected, but it refused when
"file" did not appear in the current commit. When "file" was
created by renaming an existing file (but the change has not been
committed), this restriction was unnecessarily tight.
* "git add -N dir/file && git write-tree" produced an incorrect tree
when there are other paths in the same directory that sorts after
"file".
* "git fetch http://user:pass@host/repo..." scrubbed the userinfo
part, but "git push" didn't.
* "git merge" with renormalization did not work well with
merge-recursive, due to "safer crlf" conversion kicking in when it
shouldn't.
(merge 1335d76 jc/renormalize-merge-kill-safer-crlf later to maint).
* The use of strbuf in "git rm" to build filename to remove was a bit
suboptimal, which has been fixed.
* An age old bug that caused "git diff --ignore-space-at-eol"
misbehave has been fixed.
* "git notes merge" had a code to see if a path exists (and fails if
it does) and then open the path for writing (when it doesn't).
Replace it with open with O_EXCL.
* "git pack-objects" and "git index-pack" mostly operate with off_t
when talking about the offset of objects in a packfile, but there
were a handful of places that used "unsigned long" to hold that
value, leading to an unintended truncation.
* Recent update to "git daemon" tries to enable the socket-level
KEEPALIVE, but when it is spawned via inetd, the standard input
file descriptor may not necessarily be connected to a socket.
Suppress an ENOTSOCK error from setsockopt().
* Recent FreeBSD stopped making perl available at /usr/bin/perl;
switch the default the built-in path to /usr/local/bin/perl on not
too ancient FreeBSD releases.
* "git commit --help" said "--no-verify" is only about skipping the
pre-commit hook, and failed to say that it also skipped the
commit-msg hook.
* "git merge" in Git v2.9 was taught to forbid merging an unrelated
lines of history by default, but that is exactly the kind of thing
the "--rejoin" mode of "git subtree" (in contrib/) wants to do.
"git subtree" has been taught to use the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
option to override the default.
* The build procedure for "git persistent-https" helper (in contrib/)
has been updated so that it can be built with more recent versions
of Go.
* There is an optimization used in "git diff $treeA $treeB" to borrow
an already checked-out copy in the working tree when it is known to
be the same as the blob being compared, expecting that open/mmap of
such a file is faster than reading it from the object store, which
involves inflating and applying delta. This however kicked in even
when the checked-out copy needs to go through the convert-to-git
conversion (including the clean filter), which defeats the whole
point of the optimization. The optimization has been disabled when
the conversion is necessary.
* "git -c grep.patternType=extended log --basic-regexp" misbehaved
because the internal API to access the grep machinery was not
designed well.
* Windows port was failing some tests in t4130, due to the lack of
inum in the returned values by its lstat(2) emulation.
* The reflog output format is documented better, and a new format
--date=unix to report the seconds-since-epoch (without timezone)
has been added.
(merge 442f6fd jk/reflog-date later to maint).
* "git difftool <paths>..." started in a subdirectory failed to
interpret the paths relative to that directory, which has been
fixed.
* The characters in the label shown for tags/refs for commits in
"gitweb" output are now properly escaped for proper HTML output.
* FreeBSD can lie when asked mtime of a directory, which made the
untracked cache code to fall back to a slow-path, which in turn
caused tests in t7063 to fail because it wanted to verify the
behaviour of the fast-path.
* Squelch compiler warnings for nedmalloc (in compat/) library.
* A small memory leak in the command line parsing of "git blame"
has been plugged.
* The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
can be safely discarded without any other consideration. State
that it is safe to do so.
* Not-so-recent rewrite of "git am" that started making internal
calls into the commit machinery had an unintended regression, in
that no matter how many seconds it took to apply many patches, the
resulting committer timestamp for the resulting commits were all
the same.
* "git push --force-with-lease" already had enough logic to allow
ensuring that such a push results in creation of a ref (i.e. the
receiving end did not have another push from sideways that would be
discarded by our force-pushing), but didn't expose this possibility
to the users. It does so now.
(merge 9eed4f3 jk/push-force-with-lease-creation later to maint).
* The mechanism to limit the pack window memory size, when packing is
done using multiple threads (which is the default), is per-thread,
but this was not documented clearly.
(merge 954176c ms/document-pack-window-memory-is-per-thread later to maint).
* "import-tars" fast-import script (in contrib/) used to ignore a
hardlink target and replaced it with an empty file, which has been
corrected to record the same blob as the other file the hardlink is
shared with.
(merge 04e0869 js/import-tars-hardlinks later to maint).
* "git mv dir non-existing-dir/" did not work in some environments
the same way as existing mainstream platforms. The code now moves
"dir" to "non-existing-dir", without relying on rename("A", "B/")
that strips the trailing slash of '/'.
(merge 189d035 js/mv-dir-to-new-directory later to maint).
* The "t/" hierarchy is prone to get an unusual pathname; "make test"
has been taught to make sure they do not contain paths that cannot
be checked out on Windows (and the mechanism can be reusable to
catch pathnames that are not portable to other platforms as need
arises).
(merge c2cafd3 js/test-lint-pathname later to maint).
* When "git merge-recursive" works on history with many criss-cross
merges in "verbose" mode, the names the command assigns to the
virtual merge bases could have overwritten each other by unintended
reuse of the same piece of memory.
(merge 5447a76 rs/pull-signed-tag later to maint).
* "git checkout --detach <branch>" used to give the same advice
message as that is issued when "git checkout <tag>" (or anything
that is not a branch name) is given, but asking with "--detach" is
an explicit enough sign that the user knows what is going on. The
advice message has been squelched in this case.
(merge 779b88a sb/checkout-explit-detach-no-advice later to maint).
* "git difftool" by default ignores the error exit from the backend
commands it spawns, because often they signal that they found
differences by exiting with a non-zero status code just like "diff"
does; the exit status codes 126 and above however are special in
that they are used to signal that the command is not executable,
does not exist, or killed by a signal. "git difftool" has been
taught to notice these exit status codes.
(merge 45a4f5d jk/difftool-command-not-found later to maint).
* On Windows, help.browser configuration variable used to be ignored,
which has been corrected.
(merge 6db5967 js/no-html-bypass-on-windows later to maint).
* The "git -c var[=val] cmd" facility to append a configuration
variable definition at the end of the search order was described in
git(1) manual page, but not in git-config(1), which was more likely
place for people to look for when they ask "can I make a one-shot
override, and if so how?"
(merge ae1f709 dg/document-git-c-in-git-config-doc later to maint).
* The tempfile (hence its user lockfile) API lets the caller to open
a file descriptor to a temporary file, write into it and then
finalize it by first closing the filehandle and then either
removing or renaming the temporary file. When the process spawns a
subprocess after obtaining the file descriptor, and if the
subprocess has not exited when the attempt to remove or rename is
made, the last step fails on Windows, because the subprocess has
the file descriptor still open. Open tempfile with O_CLOEXEC flag
to avoid this (on Windows, this is mapped to O_NOINHERIT).
(merge 05d1ed6 bw/mingw-avoid-inheriting-fd-to-lockfile later to maint).
* Correct an age-old calco (is that a typo-like word for calc)
in the documentation.
(merge 7841c48 ls/packet-line-protocol-doc-fix later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
(merge 02a8cfa rs/merge-add-strategies-simplification later to maint).
(merge af4941d rs/merge-recursive-string-list-init later to maint).
(merge 1eb47f1 rs/use-strbuf-add-unique-abbrev later to maint).
(merge ddd0bfa jk/tighten-alloc later to maint).
(merge ecf30b2 rs/mailinfo-lib later to maint).
(merge 0eb75ce sg/reflog-past-root later to maint).
(merge 4369523 hv/doc-commit-reference-style later to maint).

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@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
Git v2.10.1 Release Notes
=========================
Fixes since v2.10
-----------------
* Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the
documentation.
* "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with
"git log -p --graph" output.
* The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure
count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the
test script plus the process ID. The latter however turned out not
to serve any useful purpose. The process ID part of the filename
has been removed.
* Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt
caused a few commands that recurse into submodules loop forever.
* "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but
the resulting repository becomes an invalid one. Teach the command
to forbid removal of HEAD.
* A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes
prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the
script on some platforms.
* Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the
newer GIT_TRACE_CURL.
* Update Japanese translation for "git-gui".
* "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted
instead.
* "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration
variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we
forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match
this change.
* "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates
to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time.
The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to
avoid the wastage.
* The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default
these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session,
which led to unnecessary API failures.
* "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to
include the header line of the current function and also forward to
include the body of the entire current function up to the header
line of the next one. This process may have to merge to adjacent
hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases.
* Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of
build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated
configuration.
* "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added
showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature
line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information
has been moved above the signature line.
* Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git
rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit
(i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident
information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less
than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase"
would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text
when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed.
* "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250,
which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is
detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to
50.
* Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use
of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is
'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`.
When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to
'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been
corrected.
* A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been
fixed.
* "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation
rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow
checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a
file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate.
This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the
command was run from a subdirectory.
* Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was
mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read
beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing
a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND
extension.
* The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the
internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a
no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we
need to know to fix this.
* When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the
user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step
after that was (i.e. "--continue").
* "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has
been corrected.
* "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the
executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has
been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match
the given pathspec.
* "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that
we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at
C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the
intermediate tag B in some cases.
* Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated.
* In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an
e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at ai_canonname
field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

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@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
Git v2.10.2 Release Notes
=========================
Fixes since v2.10.1
-------------------
* The code that parses the format parameter of for-each-ref command
has seen a micro-optimization.
* The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of
output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which
has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody
tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though.
* Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default
setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into
underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason.
* Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does.
* An author name, that spelled a backslash-quoted double quote in the
human readable part "My \"double quoted\" name", was not unquoted
correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail.
* The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git
merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some
time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax. This
is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation.
* Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in
validating what they are reading is a proper object file and
sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has
been corrected. H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting.
* "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that
ought to be affected by core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored
the variable setting. The command has been taught to read the
default set of configuration variables to correct this.
* A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors
that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions
it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed.
* When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository
it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a
mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches.
This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due
to a design bug, which has been fixed.
* When we started cURL to talk to imap server when a new enough
version of cURL library is available, we forgot to explicitly add
imap(s):// before the destination. To some folks, that didn't work
and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead.
* The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how
to detect support of SSL by libcurl better.
* http.emptyauth configuration is a way to allow an empty username to
pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like
Kerberos. We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":"
(i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do
the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string.
* "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem
level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and
adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores.
* Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit
-p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up
with what to commit.
* A stray symbolic link in $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name
resolution loop forever, which has been corrected.
* The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied
to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but
the documentation described it and submodule.<name>.url next to
each other as if both belong to .git/config. This has been fixed.
* Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token
"." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated
to describe it.
* In a worktree connected to a repository elsewhere, created via "git
worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion
by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in
another worktree. However, this also prevented checking out a
branch, which is designated as the primary branch of a bare
reopsitory, in a worktree that is connected to the bare
repository. The check has been corrected to allow it.
* "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork
point from the upstream.
* When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant
to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles
when checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not
going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully.
* The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with --verbose
option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be
misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed. This resulted
in unnecessary failure. This has been corrected by introducing a
new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose
output separately to the log file.
* Some AsciiDoc formatter mishandles a displayed illustration with
tabs in it. Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to
work around them.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

View File

@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
Git v2.10.3 Release Notes
=========================
Fixes since v2.10.2
-------------------
* Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors
script file "git am" internally uses.
This by itself is not useful until a second caller appears in the
future for "rebase -i" helper.
* The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of
reference to "git cmd ^master".
* "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the
trailers, but people in real world write non-addresses there, like
"Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending
on the availability and vintage of Mail::Address perl module.
* The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle
4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in
theoretical world.
* "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URL to the
repository the client asked for into the server side directory
path, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but
allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory. This has been
tightened to reject such a request that causes overlong path to be
required to serve.
* Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that
are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included
another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is,
relying on the $PATH. This has been fixed to be more explicit by
prefixing $(git --exec-path) output in front.
* Fix for a racy false-positive test failure.
* Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X.
* Update to the test framework made in 2.9 timeframe broke running
the tests under valgrind, which has been fixed.
* Improve the rule to convert "unsigned char [20]" into "struct
object_id *" in contrib/coccinelle/
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

View File

@ -1,593 +0,0 @@
Git 2.11 Release Notes
======================
Backward compatibility notes.
* An empty string used as a pathspec element has always meant
'everything matches', but it is too easy to write a script that
finds a path to remove in $path and run 'git rm "$paht"' by
mistake (when the user meant to give "$path"), which ends up
removing everything. This release starts warning about the
use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' and
asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that instead.
The hope is that existing users will not mind this change, and
eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error, upgrading
the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature.
* The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in the
next release (not this one).
* The default abbreviation length, which has historically been 7, now
scales as the repository grows, using the approximate number of
objects in the repository and a bit of math around the birthday
paradox. The logic suggests to use 12 hexdigits for the Linux
kernel, and 9 to 10 for Git itself.
Updates since v2.10
-------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* Comes with new version of git-gui, now at its 0.21.0 tag.
* "git format-patch --cover-letter HEAD^" to format a single patch
with a separate cover letter now numbers the output as [PATCH 0/1]
and [PATCH 1/1] by default.
* An incoming "git push" that attempts to push too many bytes can now
be rejected by setting a new configuration variable at the receiving
end.
* "git nosuchcommand --help" said "No manual entry for gitnosuchcommand",
which was not intuitive, given that "git nosuchcommand" said "git:
'nosuchcommand' is not a git command".
* "git clone --recurse-submodules --reference $path $URL" is a way to
reduce network transfer cost by borrowing objects in an existing
$path repository when cloning the superproject from $URL; it
learned to also peek into $path for presence of corresponding
repositories of submodules and borrow objects from there when able.
* The "git diff --submodule={short,log}" mechanism has been enhanced
to allow "--submodule=diff" to show the patch between the submodule
commits bound to the superproject.
* Even though "git hash-objects", which is a tool to take an
on-filesystem data stream and put it into the Git object store,
can perform "outside-world-to-Git" conversions (e.g.
end-of-line conversions and application of the clean-filter), and
it has had this feature on by default from very early days, its reverse
operation "git cat-file", which takes an object from the Git object
store and externalizes it for consumption by the outside world,
lacked an equivalent mechanism to run the "Git-to-outside-world"
conversion. The command learned the "--filters" option to do so.
* Output from "git diff" can be made easier to read by intelligently selecting
which lines are common and which lines are added/deleted
when the lines before and after the changed section
are the same. A command line option (--indent-heuristic) and a
configuration variable (diff.indentHeuristic) are added to help with the
experiment to find good heuristics.
* In some projects, it is common to use "[RFC PATCH]" as the subject
prefix for a patch meant for discussion rather than application. A
new format-patch option "--rfc" is a short-hand for "--subject-prefix=RFC PATCH"
to help the participants of such projects.
* "git add --chmod={+,-}x <pathspec>" only changed the
executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has
been corrected to change the executable bit for all paths that match
the given pathspec.
* When "git format-patch --stdout" output is placed as an in-body
header and it uses RFC2822 header folding, "git am" fails to
put the header line back into a single logical line. The
underlying "git mailinfo" was taught to handle this properly.
* "gitweb" can spawn "highlight" to show blob contents with
(programming) language-specific syntax highlighting, but only
when the language is known. "highlight" can however be told
to guess the language itself by giving it "--force" option, which
has been enabled.
* "git gui" l10n to Portuguese.
* When given an abbreviated object name that is not (or more
realistically, "no longer") unique, we gave a fatal error
"ambiguous argument". This error is now accompanied by a hint that
lists the objects beginning with the given prefix. During the
course of development of this new feature, numerous minor bugs were
uncovered and corrected, the most notable one of which is that we
gave "short SHA1 xxxx is ambiguous." twice without good reason.
* "git log rev^..rev" is an often-used revision range specification
to show what was done on a side branch merged at rev. This has
gained a short-hand "rev^-1". In general "rev^-$n" is the same as
"^rev^$n rev", i.e. what has happened on other branches while the
history leading to nth parent was looking the other way.
* In recent versions of cURL, GSSAPI credential delegation is
disabled by default due to CVE-2011-2192; introduce a http.delegation
configuration variable to selectively allow enabling this.
(merge 26a7b23429 ps/http-gssapi-cred-delegation later to maint).
* "git mergetool" learned to honor "-O<orderfile>" to control the
order of paths to present to the end user.
* "git diff/log --ws-error-highlight=<kind>" lacked the corresponding
configuration variable (diff.wsErrorHighlight) to set it by default.
* "git ls-files" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option
to get a listing of tracked files across submodules (i.e. this
only works with the "--cached" option, not for listing untracked or
ignored files). This would be a useful tool to sit on the upstream
side of a pipe that is read with xargs to work on all working tree
files from the top-level superproject.
* A new credential helper that talks via "libsecret" with
implementations of XDG Secret Service API has been added to
contrib/credential/.
* The GPG verification status shown by the "%G?" pretty format specifier
was not rich enough to differentiate a signature made by an expired
key, a signature made by a revoked key, etc. New output letters
have been assigned to express them.
* In addition to purely abbreviated commit object names, "gitweb"
learned to turn "git describe" output (e.g. v2.9.3-599-g2376d31787)
into clickable links in its output.
* "git commit" created an empty commit when invoked with an index
consisting solely of intend-to-add paths (added with "git add -N").
It now requires the "--allow-empty" option to create such a commit.
The same logic prevented "git status" from showing such paths as "new files" in the
"Changes not staged for commit" section.
* The smudge/clean filter API spawns an external process
to filter the contents of each path that has a filter defined. A
new type of "process" filter API has been added to allow the first
request to run the filter for a path to spawn a single process, and
all filtering is served by this single process for multiple
paths, reducing the process creation overhead.
* The user always has to say "stash@{$N}" when naming a single
element in the default location of the stash, i.e. reflogs in
refs/stash. The "git stash" command learned to accept "git stash
apply 4" as a short-hand for "git stash apply stash@{4}".
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* The delta-base-cache mechanism has been a key to the performance in
a repository with a tightly packed packfile, but it did not scale
well even with a larger value of core.deltaBaseCacheLimit.
* Enhance "git status --porcelain" output by collecting more data on
the state of the index and the working tree files, which may
further be used to teach git-prompt (in contrib/) to make fewer
calls to git.
* Extract a small helper out of the function that reads the authors
script file "git am" internally uses.
(merge a77598e jc/am-read-author-file later to maint).
* Lift calls to exit(2) and die() higher in the callchain in
sequencer.c files so that more helper functions in it can be used
by callers that want to handle error conditions themselves.
* "git am" has been taught to make an internal call to "git apply"'s
innards without spawning the latter as a separate process.
* The ref-store abstraction was introduced to the refs API so that we
can plug in different backends to store references.
* The "unsigned char sha1[20]" to "struct object_id" conversion
continues. Notable changes in this round includes that ce->sha1,
i.e. the object name recorded in the cache_entry, turns into an
object_id.
* JGit can show a fake ref "capabilities^{}" to "git fetch" when it
does not advertise any refs, but "git fetch" was not prepared to
see such an advertisement. When the other side disconnects without
giving any ref advertisement, we used to say "there may not be a
repository at that URL", but we may have seen other advertisements
like "shallow" and ".have" in which case we definitely know that a
repository is there. The code to detect this case has also been
updated.
* Some codepaths in "git pack-objects" were not ready to use an
existing pack bitmap; now they are and as a result they have
become faster.
* The codepath in "git fsck" to detect malformed tree objects has
been updated not to die but keep going after detecting them.
* We call "qsort(array, nelem, sizeof(array[0]), fn)", and most of
the time third parameter is redundant. A new QSORT() macro lets us
omit it.
* "git pack-objects" in a repository with many packfiles used to
spend a lot of time looking for/at objects in them; the accesses to
the packfiles are now optimized by checking the most-recently-used
packfile first.
(merge c9af708b1a jk/pack-objects-optim-mru later to maint).
* Codepaths involved in interacting alternate object stores have
been cleaned up.
* In order for the receiving end of "git push" to inspect the
received history and decide to reject the push, the objects sent
from the sending end need to be made available to the hook and
the mechanism for the connectivity check, and this was done
traditionally by storing the objects in the receiving repository
and letting "git gc" expire them. Instead, store the newly
received objects in a temporary area, and make them available by
reusing the alternate object store mechanism to them only while we
decide if we accept the check, and once we decide, either migrate
them to the repository or purge them immediately.
* The require_clean_work_tree() helper was recreated in C when "git
pull" was rewritten from shell; the helper is now made available to
other callers in preparation for upcoming "rebase -i" work.
* "git upload-pack" had its code cleaned-up and performance improved
by reducing use of timestamp-ordered commit-list, which was
replaced with a priority queue.
* "git diff --no-index" codepath has been updated not to try to peek
into a .git/ directory that happens to be under the current
directory, when we know we are operating outside any repository.
* Update of the sequencer codebase to make it reusable to reimplement
"rebase -i" continues.
* Git generally does not explicitly close file descriptors that were
open in the parent process when spawning a child process, but most
of the time the child does not want to access them. As Windows does
not allow removing or renaming a file that has a file descriptor
open, a slow-to-exit child can even break the parent process by
holding onto them. Use O_CLOEXEC flag to open files in various
codepaths.
* Update "interpret-trailers" machinery and teach it that people in
the real world write all sorts of cruft in the "trailer" that was
originally designed to have the neat-o "Mail-Header: like thing"
and nothing else.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.10
-----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* Clarify various ways to specify the "revision ranges" in the
documentation.
* "diff-highlight" script (in contrib/) learned to work better with
"git log -p --graph" output.
* The test framework left the number of tests and success/failure
count in the t/test-results directory, keyed by the name of the
test script plus the process ID. The latter however turned out not
to serve any useful purpose. The process ID part of the filename
has been removed.
* Having a submodule whose ".git" repository is somehow corrupt
caused a few commands that recurse into submodules to loop forever.
* "git symbolic-ref -d HEAD" happily removes the symbolic ref, but
the resulting repository becomes an invalid one. Teach the command
to forbid removal of HEAD.
* A test spawned a short-lived background process, which sometimes
prevented the test directory from getting removed at the end of the
script on some platforms.
* Update a few tests that used to use GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to use the
newer GIT_TRACE_CURL.
* "git pack-objects --include-tag" was taught that when we know that
we are sending an object C, we want a tag B that directly points at
C but also a tag A that points at the tag B. We used to miss the
intermediate tag B in some cases.
* Update Japanese translation for "git-gui".
* "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted
instead.
* "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration
variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we
forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match
this change.
* "git add --chmod={+,-}x" added recently lacked documentation, which has
been corrected.
* "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates
to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time.
The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges and
avoid the wastage.
* The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default
these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session,
which led to unnecessary API failures.
* There were numerous corner cases in which the configuration files
are read and used or not read at all depending on the directory a
Git command was run, leading to inconsistent behaviour. The code
to set-up repository access at the beginning of a Git process has
been updated to fix them.
(merge 4d0efa1 jk/setup-sequence-update later to maint).
* "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to
include the header line of the current function and also forward to
include the body of the entire current function up to the header
line of the next one. This process may have to merge two adjacent
hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases.
* Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the right
build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated
configuration.
* "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added
showed the base commit information after the "-- " e-mail signature
line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information
has been moved above the signature line.
* More i18n.
* Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git
rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commits
(i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having usable ident
information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less
than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase"
would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text
when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed.
* "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250,
which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is
detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to
50.
* Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use
of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is
'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`.
When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to
'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been
corrected.
* The pretty-format specifier "%C(auto)" used by the "log" family of
commands to enable coloring of the output is taught to also issue a
color-reset sequence to the output.
* A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been
fixed.
* "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation
rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow
checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a
file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate.
This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the
command was run from a subdirectory.
* Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was
mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read
beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing
a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND
extension.
* The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the
internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a
no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we
need to know to fix this.
* When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the
user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step
after that was (i.e. "--continue").
* Documentation around tools to import from CVS was fairly outdated.
* "git clone --recurse-submodules" lost the progress eye-candy in
a recent update, which has been corrected.
* A low-level function verify_packfile() was meant to show errors
that were detected without dying itself, but under some conditions
it didn't and died instead, which has been fixed.
* When "git fetch" tries to find where the history of the repository
it runs in has diverged from what the other side has, it has a
mechanism to avoid digging too deep into irrelevant side branches.
This however did not work well over the "smart-http" transport due
to a design bug, which has been fixed.
* In the codepath that comes up with the hostname to be used in an
e-mail when the user didn't tell us, we looked at the ai_canonname
field in struct addrinfo without making sure it is not NULL first.
* "git worktree", even though it used the default_abbrev setting that
ought to be affected by the core.abbrev configuration variable, ignored
the variable setting. The command has been taught to read the
default set of configuration variables to correct this.
* "git init" tried to record core.worktree in the repository's
'config' file when the GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable was set and
it was different from where GIT_DIR appears as ".git" at its top,
but the logic was faulty when .git is a "gitdir:" file that points
at the real place, causing trouble in working trees that are
managed by "git worktree". This has been corrected.
* Codepaths that read from an on-disk loose object were too loose in
validating that they are reading a proper object file and
sometimes read past the data they read from the disk, which has
been corrected. H/t to Gustavo Grieco for reporting.
* The original command line syntax for "git merge", which was "git
merge <msg> HEAD <parent>...", has been deprecated for quite some
time, and "git gui" was the last in-tree user of the syntax. This
is finally fixed, so that we can move forward with the deprecation.
* An author name that has a backslash-quoted double quote in the
human readable part ("My \"double quoted\" name"), was not unquoted
correctly while applying a patch from a piece of e-mail.
* Doc update to clarify what "log -3 --reverse" does.
* Almost everybody uses DEFAULT_ABBREV to refer to the default
setting for the abbreviation, but "git blame" peeked into
underlying variable bypassing the macro for no good reason.
* The "graph" API used in "git log --graph" miscounted the number of
output columns consumed so far when drawing a padding line, which
has been fixed; this did not affect any existing code as nobody
tried to write anything after the padding on such a line, though.
* The code that parses the format parameter of the for-each-ref command
has seen a micro-optimization.
* When we started to use cURL to talk to an imap server, we forgot to explicitly add
imap(s):// before the destination. To some folks, that didn't work
and the library tried to make HTTP(s) requests instead.
* The ./configure script generated from configure.ac was taught how
to detect support of SSL by libcurl better.
* The command-line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
complete "git cmd ^mas<HT>" to complete the negative end of
reference to "git cmd ^master".
(merge 49416ad22a cp/completion-negative-refs later to maint).
* The existing "git fetch --depth=<n>" option was hard to use
correctly when making the history of an existing shallow clone
deeper. A new option, "--deepen=<n>", has been added to make this
easier to use. "git clone" also learned "--shallow-since=<date>"
and "--shallow-exclude=<tag>" options to make it easier to specify
"I am interested only in the recent N months worth of history" and
"Give me only the history since that version".
(merge cccf74e2da nd/shallow-deepen later to maint).
* "git blame --reverse OLD path" is now DWIMmed to show how lines
in path in an old revision OLD have survived up to the current
commit.
(merge e1d09701a4 jc/blame-reverse later to maint).
* The http.emptyauth configuration variable is a way to allow an empty username to
pass when attempting to authenticate using mechanisms like
Kerberos. We took an unspecified (NULL) username and sent ":"
(i.e. no username, no password) to CURLOPT_USERPWD, but did not do
the same when the username is explicitly set to an empty string.
* "git clone" of a local repository can be done at the filesystem
level, but the codepath did not check errors while copying and
adjusting the file that lists alternate object stores.
* Documentation for "git commit" was updated to clarify that "commit
-p <paths>" adds to the current contents of the index to come up
with what to commit.
* A stray symbolic link in the $GIT_DIR/refs/ directory could make name
resolution loop forever, which has been corrected.
* The "submodule.<name>.path" stored in .gitmodules is never copied
to .git/config and such a key in .git/config has no meaning, but
the documentation described it next to submodule.<name>.url
as if both belong to .git/config. This has been fixed.
* In a worktree created via "git
worktree", "git checkout" attempts to protect users from confusion
by refusing to check out a branch that is already checked out in
another worktree. However, this also prevented checking out a
branch which is designated as the primary branch of a bare
repository, in a worktree that is connected to the bare
repository. The check has been corrected to allow it.
* "git rebase" immediately after "git clone" failed to find the fork
point from the upstream.
* When fetching from a remote that has many tags that are irrelevant
to branches we are following, we used to waste way too many cycles
checking if the object pointed at by a tag (that we are not
going to fetch!) exists in our repository too carefully.
* Protect our code from over-eager compilers.
* Recent git allows submodule.<name>.branch to use a special token
"." instead of the branch name; the documentation has been updated
to describe it.
* "git send-email" attempts to pick up valid e-mails from the
trailers, but people in the real world write non-addresses there, like
"Cc: Stable <add@re.ss> # 4.8+", which broke the output depending
on the availability and vintage of the Mail::Address perl module.
(merge dcfafc5214 mm/send-email-cc-cruft-after-address later to maint).
* The Travis CI configuration we ship ran the tests with the --verbose
option but this risks non-TAP output that happens to be "ok" to be
misinterpreted as TAP signalling a test that passed. This resulted
in unnecessary failures. This has been corrected by introducing a
new mode to run our tests in the test harness to send the verbose
output separately to the log file.
* Some AsciiDoc formatters mishandle a displayed illustration with
tabs in it. Adjust a few of them in merge-base documentation to
work around them.
* Fixed a minor regression in "git submodule" that was introduced
when more helper functions were reimplemented in C.
(merge 77b63ac31e sb/submodule-ignore-trailing-slash later to maint).
* The code that we have used for the past 10+ years to cycle
4-element ring buffers turns out to be not quite portable in
theoretical world.
(merge bb84735c80 rs/ring-buffer-wraparound later to maint).
* "git daemon" used fixed-length buffers to turn URLs to the
repository the client asked for into the server side directory
paths, using snprintf() to avoid overflowing these buffers, but
allowed possibly truncated paths to the directory. This has been
tightened to reject such a request that causes an overlong path to be
served.
(merge 6bdb0083be jk/daemon-path-ok-check-truncation later to maint).
* Recent update to git-sh-setup (a library of shell functions that
are used by our in-tree scripted Porcelain commands) included
another shell library git-sh-i18n without specifying where it is,
relying on the $PATH. This has been fixed to be more explicit by
prefixing with $(git --exec-path) output.
(merge 1073094f30 ak/sh-setup-dot-source-i18n-fix later to maint).
* Fix for a racy false-positive test failure.
(merge fdf4f6c79b as/merge-attr-sleep later to maint).
* Portability update and workaround for builds on recent Mac OS X.
(merge a296bc0132 ls/macos-update later to maint).
* Using a %(HEAD) placeholder in "for-each-ref --format=" option
caused the command to segfault when on an unborn branch.
(merge 84679d470d jc/for-each-ref-head-segfault-fix later to maint).
* "git rebase -i" did not work well with the core.commentchar
configuration variable for two reasons, both of which have been
fixed.
(merge 882cd23777 js/rebase-i-commentchar-fix later to maint).
* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
(merge 5c238e29a8 jk/common-main later to maint).
(merge 5a5749e45b ak/pre-receive-hook-template-modefix later to maint).
(merge 6d834ac8f1 jk/rebase-config-insn-fmt-docfix later to maint).
(merge de9f7fa3b0 rs/commit-pptr-simplify later to maint).
(merge 4259d693fc sc/fmt-merge-msg-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
(merge 28fab7b23d nd/test-helpers later to maint).
(merge c2bb0c1d1e rs/cocci later to maint).
(merge 3285b7badb ps/common-info-doc later to maint).
(merge 2b090822e8 nd/worktree-lock later to maint).
(merge 4bd488ea7c jk/create-branch-remove-unused-param later to maint).
(merge 974e0044d6 tk/diffcore-delta-remove-unused later to maint).

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@ -1,168 +0,0 @@
Git v2.11.1 Release Notes
=========================
Fixes since v2.11
-----------------
* The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
* The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
* Update the isatty() emulation for Windows by updating the previous
hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC runtime.
* "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
"HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
* An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
* The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
number of refs.
* "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
"--dry-run" in the submodules.
* The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
and was unstable.
* mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
to built-in tools, but now it does.
* "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
* Fix a corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
during 2.10 development cycle.
* Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
be reported with something sensible.
* When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
similar content is added.
* "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
* "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
* "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
needed it so far.
* A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
path normalization logic was unaware of it.
* "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
* The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
* Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
the operation.
* Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
* A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
* The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
standard usage string.
* "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
corresponds to a packfile does not.
* Fix for NDEBUG builds.
* A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
* "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
* Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
"git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
has been fixed.
* "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
by many empty commits. This has been fixed.
* A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
fixed.
* When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
and abort the transfer.
* Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in
the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is
more widely known when conversion fails from/to it.
* Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support.
* Update the definition of the MacOSX test environment used by
TravisCI.
* A few git-svn updates.
* Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across
three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration.
Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and
pack.compression variables the same way.
* "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes
tree, which has been fixed.
* Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
* Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed.
* It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack
everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning
when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap,
leading to disabling further "gc".
* "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and
failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff
driver configuration.
* "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path>
pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files.
* "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect
count when squashing more than 10 commits.
* "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has
been corrected to error out with a message.
* Tighten a test to avoid mistaking an extended ERE regexp engine as
a PRE regexp engine.
* Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and
took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree
structure. This has been fixed.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.

View File

@ -1,461 +0,0 @@
Git 2.12 Release Notes
======================
Backward compatibility notes.
* Use of an empty string that is used for 'everything matches' is
still warned and Git asks users to use a more explicit '.' for that
instead. The hope is that existing users will not mind this
change, and eventually the warning can be turned into a hard error,
upgrading the deprecation into removal of this (mis)feature. That
is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming release (yet).
* The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in a
future release.
* An ancient script "git relink" has been removed.
Updates since v2.11
-------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* Various updates to "git p4".
* "git p4" didn't interact with the internal of .git directory
correctly in the modern "git-worktree"-enabled world.
* "git branch --list" and friends learned "--ignore-case" option to
optionally sort branches and tags case insensitively.
* In addition to %(subject), %(body), "log --pretty=format:..."
learned a new placeholder %(trailers).
* "git rebase" learned "--quit" option, which allows a user to
remove the metadata left by an earlier "git rebase" that was
manually aborted without using "git rebase --abort".
* "git clone --reference $there --recurse-submodules $super" has been
taught to guess repositories usable as references for submodules of
$super that are embedded in $there while making a clone of the
superproject borrow objects from $there; extend the mechanism to
also allow submodules of these submodules to borrow repositories
embedded in these clones of the submodules embedded in the clone of
the superproject.
* Porcelain scripts written in Perl are getting internationalized.
* "git merge --continue" has been added as a synonym to "git commit"
to conclude a merge that has stopped due to conflicts.
* Finer-grained control of what protocols are allowed for transports
during clone/fetch/push have been enabled via a new configuration
mechanism.
* "git shortlog" learned "--committer" option to group commits by
committer, instead of author.
* GitLFS integration with "git p4" has been updated.
* The isatty() emulation for Windows has been updated to eradicate
the previous hack that depended on internals of (older) MSVC
runtime.
* Some platforms no longer understand "latin-1" that is still seen in
the wild in e-mail headers; replace them with "iso-8859-1" that is
more widely known when conversion fails from/to it.
* "git grep" has been taught to optionally recurse into submodules.
* "git rm" used to refuse to remove a submodule when it has its own
git repository embedded in its working tree. It learned to move
the repository away to $GIT_DIR/modules/ of the superproject
instead, and allow the submodule to be deleted (as long as there
will be no loss of local modifications, that is).
* A recent updates to "git p4" was not usable for older p4 but it
could be made to work with minimum changes. Do so.
* "git diff" learned diff.interHunkContext configuration variable
that gives the default value for its --inter-hunk-context option.
* The prereleaseSuffix feature of version comparison that is used in
"git tag -l" did not correctly when two or more prereleases for the
same release were present (e.g. when 2.0, 2.0-beta1, and 2.0-beta2
are there and the code needs to compare 2.0-beta1 and 2.0-beta2).
* "git submodule push" learned "--recurse-submodules=only option to
push submodules out without pushing the top-level superproject.
* "git tag" and "git verify-tag" learned to put GPG verification
status in their "--format=<placeholders>" output format.
* An ancient repository conversion tool left in contrib/ has been
removed.
* "git show-ref HEAD" used with "--verify" because the user is not
interested in seeing refs/remotes/origin/HEAD, and used with
"--head" because the user does not want HEAD to be filtered out,
i.e. "git show-ref --head --verify HEAD", did not work as expected.
* "git submodule add" used to be confused and refused to add a
locally created repository; users can now use "--force" option
to add them.
(merge 619acfc78c sb/submodule-add-force later to maint).
* Some people feel the default set of colors used by "git log --graph"
rather limiting. A mechanism to customize the set of colors has
been introduced.
* "git read-tree" and its underlying unpack_trees() machinery learned
to report problematic paths prefixed with the --super-prefix option.
* When a submodule "A", which has another submodule "B" nested within
it, is "absorbed" into the top-level superproject, the inner
submodule "B" used to be left in a strange state. The logic to
adjust the .git pointers in these submodules has been corrected.
* The user can specify a custom update method that is run when
"submodule update" updates an already checked out submodule. This
was ignored when checking the submodule out for the first time and
we instead always just checked out the commit that is bound to the
path in the superproject's index.
* The command line completion (in contrib/) learned that
"git diff --submodule=" can take "diff" as a recently added option.
* The "core.logAllRefUpdates" that used to be boolean has been
enhanced to take 'always' as well, to record ref updates to refs
other than the ones that are expected to be updated (i.e. branches,
remote-tracking branches and notes).
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* Commands that operate on a log message and add lines to the trailer
blocks, such as "format-patch -s", "cherry-pick (-x|-s)", and
"commit -s", have been taught to use the logic of and share the
code with "git interpret-trailer".
* The default Travis-CI configuration specifies newer P4 and GitLFS.
* The "fast hash" that had disastrous performance issues in some
corner cases has been retired from the internal diff.
* The character width table has been updated to match Unicode 9.0
* Update the procedure to generate "tags" for developer support.
* The codeflow of setting NOATIME and CLOEXEC on file descriptors Git
opens has been simplified.
* "git diff" and its family had two experimental heuristics to shift
the contents of a hunk to make the patch easier to read. One of
them turns out to be better than the other, so leave only the
"--indent-heuristic" option and remove the other one.
* A new submodule helper "git submodule embedgitdirs" to make it
easier to move embedded .git/ directory for submodules in a
superproject to .git/modules/ (and point the latter with the former
that is turned into a "gitdir:" file) has been added.
* "git push \\server\share\dir" has recently regressed and then
fixed. A test has retroactively been added for this breakage.
* Build updates for Cygwin.
* The implementation of "real_path()" was to go there with chdir(2)
and call getcwd(3), but this obviously wouldn't be usable in a
threaded environment. Rewrite it to manually resolve relative
paths including symbolic links in path components.
* Adjust documentation to help AsciiDoctor render better while not
breaking the rendering done by AsciiDoc.
* The sequencer machinery has been further enhanced so that a later
set of patches can start using it to reimplement "rebase -i".
* Update the definition of the MacOSX test environment used by
TravisCI.
* Rewrite a scripted porcelain "git difftool" in C.
* "make -C t failed" will now run only the tests that failed in the
previous run. This is usable only when prove is not use, and gives
a useless error message when run after "make clean", but otherwise
is serviceable.
* "uchar [40]" to "struct object_id" conversion continues.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.10
-----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* We often decide if a session is interactive by checking if the
standard I/O streams are connected to a TTY, but isatty() that
comes with Windows incorrectly returned true if it is used on NUL
(i.e. an equivalent to /dev/null). This has been fixed.
* "git svn" did not work well with path components that are "0", and
some configuration variable it uses were not documented.
* "git rev-parse --symbolic" failed with a more recent notation like
"HEAD^-1" and "HEAD^!".
* An empty directory in a working tree that can simply be nuked used
to interfere while merging or cherry-picking a change to create a
submodule directory there, which has been fixed..
* The code in "git push" to compute if any commit being pushed in the
superproject binds a commit in a submodule that hasn't been pushed
out was overly inefficient, making it unusable even for a small
project that does not have any submodule but have a reasonable
number of refs.
* "git push --dry-run --recurse-submodule=on-demand" wasn't
"--dry-run" in the submodules.
* The output from "git worktree list" was made in readdir() order,
and was unstable.
* mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode configuration variable did not apply
to built-in tools, but now it does.
* "git p4" LFS support was broken when LFS stores an empty blob.
* A corner case in merge-recursive regression that crept in
during 2.10 development cycle has been fixed.
* Transport with dumb http can be fooled into following foreign URLs
that the end user does not intend to, especially with the server
side redirects and http-alternates mechanism, which can lead to
security issues. Tighten the redirection and make it more obvious
to the end user when it happens.
* Update the error messages from the dumb-http client when it fails
to obtain loose objects; we used to give sensible error message
only upon 404 but we now forbid unexpected redirects that needs to
be reported with something sensible.
* When diff.renames configuration is on (and with Git 2.9 and later,
it is enabled by default, which made it worse), "git stash"
misbehaved if a file is removed and another file with a very
similar content is added.
* "git diff --no-index" did not take "--no-abbrev" option.
* "git difftool --dir-diff" had a minor regression when started from
a subdirectory, which has been fixed.
* "git commit --allow-empty --only" (no pathspec) with dirty index
ought to be an acceptable way to create a new commit that does not
change any paths, but it was forbidden, perhaps because nobody
needed it so far.
* Git 2.11 had a minor regression in "merge --ff-only" that competed
with another process that simultanously attempted to update the
index. We used to explain what went wrong with an error message,
but the new code silently failed. The error message has been
resurrected.
* A pathname that begins with "//" or "\\" on Windows is special but
path normalization logic was unaware of it.
* "git pull --rebase", when there is no new commits on our side since
we forked from the upstream, should be able to fast-forward without
invoking "git rebase", but it didn't.
* The way to specify hotkeys to "xxdiff" that is used by "git
mergetool" has been modernized to match recent versions of xxdiff.
* Unlike "git am --abort", "git cherry-pick --abort" moved HEAD back
to where cherry-pick started while picking multiple changes, when
the cherry-pick stopped to ask for help from the user, and the user
did "git reset --hard" to a different commit in order to re-attempt
the operation.
* Code cleanup in shallow boundary computation.
* A recent update to receive-pack to make it easier to drop garbage
objects made it clear that GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES cannot
have a pathname with a colon in it (no surprise!), and this in turn
made it impossible to push into a repository at such a path. This
has been fixed by introducing a quoting mechanism used when
appending such a path to the colon-separated list.
* The function usage_msg_opt() has been updated to say "fatal:"
before the custom message programs give, when they want to die
with a message about wrong command line options followed by the
standard usage string.
* "git index-pack --stdin" needs an access to an existing repository,
but "git index-pack file.pack" to generate an .idx file that
corresponds to a packfile does not.
* Fix for NDEBUG builds.
* A lazy "git push" without refspec did not internally use a fully
specified refspec to perform 'current', 'simple', or 'upstream'
push, causing unnecessary "ambiguous ref" errors.
* "git p4" misbehaved when swapping a directory and a symbolic link.
* Even though an fix was attempted in Git 2.9.3 days, but running
"git difftool --dir-diff" from a subdirectory never worked. This
has been fixed.
* "git p4" that tracks multile p4 paths imported a single changelist
that touches files in these multiple paths as one commit, followed
by many empty commits. This has been fixed.
* A potential but unlikely buffer overflow in Windows port has been
fixed.
* When the http server gives an incomplete response to a smart-http
rpc call, it could lead to client waiting for a full response that
will never come. Teach the client side to notice this condition
and abort the transfer.
* Compression setting for producing packfiles were spread across
three codepaths, one of which did not honor any configuration.
Unify these so that all of them honor core.compression and
pack.compression variables the same way.
* "git fast-import" sometimes mishandled while rebalancing notes
tree, which has been fixed.
* Recent update to the default abbreviation length that auto-scales
lacked documentation update, which has been corrected.
* Leakage of lockfiles in the config subsystem has been fixed.
* It is natural that "git gc --auto" may not attempt to pack
everything into a single pack, and there is no point in warning
when the user has configured the system to use the pack bitmap,
leading to disabling further "gc".
* "git archive" did not read the standard configuration files, and
failed to notice a file that is marked as binary via the userdiff
driver configuration.
* "git blame --porcelain" misidentified the "previous" <commit, path>
pair (aka "source") when contents came from two or more files.
* "git rebase -i" with a recent update started showing an incorrect
count when squashing more than 10 commits.
* "git <cmd> @{push}" on a detached HEAD used to segfault; it has
been corrected to error out with a message.
* Running "git add a/b" when "a" is a submodule correctly errored
out, but without a meaningful error message.
(merge 2d81c48fa7 sb/pathspec-errors later to maint).
* Typing ^C to pager, which usually does not kill it, killed Git and
took the pager down as a collateral damage in certain process-tree
structure. This has been fixed.
* "git mergetool" without any pathspec on the command line that is
run from a subdirectory became no-op in Git v2.11 by mistake, which
has been fixed.
* Retire long unused/unmaintained gitview from the contrib/ area.
(merge 3120925c25 sb/remove-gitview later to maint).
* Tighten a test to avoid mistaking an extended ERE regexp engine as
a PRE regexp engine.
* An error message with an ASCII control character like '\r' in it
can alter the message to hide its early part, which is problematic
when a remote side gives such an error message that the local side
will relay with a "remote: " prefix.
(merge f290089879 jk/vreport-sanitize later to maint).
* "git fsck" inspects loose objects more carefully now.
(merge cce044df7f jk/loose-object-fsck later to maint).
* A crashing bug introduced in v2.11 timeframe has been found (it is
triggerable only in fast-import) and fixed.
(merge abd5a00268 jk/clear-delta-base-cache-fix later to maint).
* With an anticipatory tweak for remotes defined in ~/.gitconfig
(e.g. "remote.origin.prune" set to true, even though there may or
may not actually be "origin" remote defined in a particular Git
repository), "git remote rename" and other commands misinterpreted
and behaved as if such a non-existing remote actually existed.
(merge e459b073fb js/remote-rename-with-half-configured-remote later to maint).
* A few codepaths had to rely on a global variable when sorting
elements of an array because sort(3) API does not allow extra data
to be passed to the comparison function. Use qsort_s() when
natively available, and a fallback implementation of it when not,
to eliminate the need, which is a prerequisite for making the
codepath reentrant.
* "git fsck --connectivity-check" was not working at all.
(merge a2b22854bd jk/fsck-connectivity-check-fix later to maint).
* After starting "git rebase -i", which first opens the user's editor
to edit the series of patches to apply, but before saving the
contents of that file, "git status" failed to show the current
state (i.e. you are in an interactive rebase session, but you have
applied no steps yet) correctly.
(merge df9ded4984 js/status-pre-rebase-i later to maint).
* Test tweak for FreeBSD where /usr/bin/unzip is unsuitable to run
our tests but /usr/local/bin/unzip is usable.
(merge d98b2c5fce js/unzip-in-usr-bin-workaround later to maint).
* "git p4" did not work well with multiple git-p4.mapUser entries on
Windows.
(merge c3c2b05776 gv/mingw-p4-mapuser later to maint).
* "git help" enumerates executable files in $PATH; the implementation
of "is this file executable?" on Windows has been optimized.
(merge c755015f79 hv/mingw-help-is-executable later to maint).
* Test tweaks for those who have default ACL in their git source tree
that interfere with the umask test.
(merge d549d21307 mm/reset-facl-before-umask-test later to maint).
* Names of the various hook scripts must be spelled exactly, but on
Windows, an .exe binary must be named with .exe suffix; notice
$GIT_DIR/hooks/<hookname>.exe as a valid <hookname> hook.
(merge 235be51fbe js/mingw-hooks-with-exe-suffix later to maint).
* Asciidoctor, an alternative reimplementation of AsciiDoc, still
needs some changes to work with documents meant to be formatted
with AsciiDoc. "make USE_ASCIIDOCTOR=YesPlease" to use it out of
the box to document our pages is getting closer to reality.
* Correct command line completion (in contrib/) on "git svn"
(merge 2cbad17642 ew/complete-svn-authorship-options later to maint).
* Incorrect usage help message for "git worktree prune" has been fixed.
(merge 2488dcab22 ps/worktree-prune-help-fix later to maint).
* Adjust a perf test to new world order where commands that do
require a repository are really strict about having a repository.
(merge c86000c1a7 rs/p5302-create-repositories-before-tests later to maint).
* "git log --graph" did not work well with "--name-only", even though
other forms of "diff" output were handled correctly.
(merge f5022b5fed jk/log-graph-name-only later to maint).
* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
(merge f2627d9b19 sb/submodule-config-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 384f1a167b sb/unpack-trees-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 874444b704 rh/diff-orderfile-doc later to maint).
(merge eafd5d9483 cw/doc-sign-off later to maint).
(merge 0aaad415bc rs/absolute-pathdup later to maint).
(merge 4432dd6b5b rs/receive-pack-cleanup later to maint).
(merge 540a398e9c sg/mailmap-self later to maint).
(merge 209df269a6 nd/rev-list-all-includes-HEAD-doc later to maint).

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Fixes since v2.3.9
* xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
extremely large files. It uses "int" in many places, which can
overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to somewhere
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to soemwhere
around 1GB for now.
* Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Fixes since v2.4.9
* xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
extremely large files. It uses "int" in many places, which can
overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to somewhere
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to soemwhere
around 1GB for now.
* Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
Git v2.4.12 Release Notes
=========================
Fixes since v2.4.11
-------------------
* "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
(i.e. the one whose name is "--help").

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@ -1,563 +0,0 @@
Git 2.5 Release Notes
=====================
Updates since v2.4
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* The bash completion script (in contrib/) learned a few options that
"git revert" takes.
* Whitespace breakages in deleted and context lines can also be
painted in the output of "git diff" and friends with the new
--ws-error-highlight option.
* List of commands shown by "git help" are grouped along the workflow
elements to help early learners.
* "git p4" now detects the filetype (e.g. binary) correctly even when
the files are opened exclusively.
* git p4 attempts to better handle branches in Perforce.
* "git p4" learned "--changes-block-size <n>" to read the changes in
chunks from Perforce, instead of making one call to "p4 changes"
that may trigger "too many rows scanned" error from Perforce.
* More workaround for Perforce's row number limit in "git p4".
* Unlike "$EDITOR" and "$GIT_EDITOR" that can hold the path to the
command and initial options (e.g. "/path/to/emacs -nw"), 'git p4'
did not let the shell interpolate the contents of the environment
variable that name the editor "$P4EDITOR" (and "$EDITOR", too).
This release makes it in line with the rest of Git, as well as with
Perforce.
* A new short-hand <branch>@{push} denotes the remote-tracking branch
that tracks the branch at the remote the <branch> would be pushed
to.
* "git show-branch --topics HEAD" (with no other arguments) did not
do anything interesting. Instead, contrast the given revision
against all the local branches by default.
* A replacement for contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir that does not
rely on symbolic links and make sharing of objects and refs safer
by making the borrowee and borrowers aware of each other.
Consider this as still an experimental feature; its UI is still
likely to change.
* Tweak the sample "store" backend of the credential helper to honor
XDG configuration file locations when specified.
* A heuristic we use to catch mistyped paths on the command line
"git <cmd> <revs> <pathspec>" is to make sure that all the non-rev
parameters in the later part of the command line are names of the
files in the working tree, but that means "git grep $str -- \*.c"
must always be disambiguated with "--", because nobody sane will
create a file whose name literally is asterisk-dot-see. Loosen the
heuristic to declare that with a wildcard string the user likely
meant to give us a pathspec.
* "git merge FETCH_HEAD" learned that the previous "git fetch" could
be to create an Octopus merge, i.e. recording multiple branches
that are not marked as "not-for-merge"; this allows us to lose an
old style invocation "git merge <msg> HEAD $commits..." in the
implementation of "git pull" script; the old style syntax can now
be deprecated (but not removed yet).
* Filter scripts were run with SIGPIPE disabled on the Git side,
expecting that they may not read what Git feeds them to filter.
We however treated a filter that does not read its input fully
before exiting as an error. We no longer do and ignore EPIPE
when writing to feed the filter scripts.
This changes semantics, but arguably in a good way. If a filter
can produce its output without fully consuming its input using
whatever magic, we now let it do so, instead of diagnosing it
as a programming error.
* Instead of dying immediately upon failing to obtain a lock, the
locking (of refs etc) retries after a short while with backoff.
* Introduce http.<url>.SSLCipherList configuration variable to tweak
the list of cipher suite to be used with libcURL when talking with
https:// sites.
* "git subtree" script (in contrib/) used "echo -n" to produce
progress messages in a non-portable way.
* "git subtree" script (in contrib/) does not have --squash option
when pushing, but the documentation and help text pretended as if
it did.
* The Git subcommand completion (in contrib/) no longer lists credential
helpers among candidates; they are not something the end user would
invoke interactively.
* The index file can be taught with "update-index --untracked-cache"
to optionally remember already seen untracked files, in order to
speed up "git status" in a working tree with tons of cruft.
* "git mergetool" learned to drive WinMerge as a backend.
* "git upload-pack" that serves "git fetch" can be told to serve
commits that are not at the tip of any ref, as long as they are
reachable from a ref, with uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant
configuration variable.
* "git cat-file --batch(-check)" learned the "--follow-symlinks"
option that follows an in-tree symbolic link when asked about an
object via extended SHA-1 syntax, e.g. HEAD:RelNotes that points at
Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt. With the new option, the command
behaves as if HEAD:Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt was given as
input instead.
Consider this as still an experimental and incomplete feature:
- We may want to do the same for in-index objects, e.g.
asking for :RelNotes with this option should give
:Documentation/RelNotes/2.5.0.txt, too
- "git cat-file --follow-symlinks blob HEAD:RelNotes"
may also be something we want to allow in the future.
* "git send-email" learned the alias file format used by the sendmail
program (in a simplified form; we obviously do not feed pipes).
* Traditionally, external low-level 3-way merge drivers are expected
to produce their results based solely on the contents of the three
variants given in temporary files named by %O, %A and %B on their
command line. Additionally allow them to look at the final path
(given by %P).
* "git blame" learned blame.showEmail configuration variable.
* "git apply" cannot diagnose a patch corruption when the breakage is
to mark the length of the hunk shorter than it really is on the
hunk header line "@@ -l,k +m,n @@"; one special case it could is
when the hunk becomes no-op (e.g. k == n == 2 for two-line context
patch output), and it learned to do so in this special case.
* Add the "--allow-unknown-type" option to "cat-file" to allow
inspecting loose objects of an experimental or a broken type.
* Many long-running operations show progress eye-candy, even when
they are later backgrounded. Hide the eye-candy when the process
is sent to the background instead.
(merge a4fb76c lm/squelch-bg-progress later to maint).
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* "unsigned char [20]" used throughout the code to represent object
names are being converted into a semi-opaque "struct object_id".
This effort is expected to interfere with other topics in flight,
but hopefully will give us one extra level of abstraction in the
end, when completed.
* for_each_ref() callback functions were taught to name the objects
not with "unsigned char sha1[20]" but with "struct object_id".
* Catch a programmer mistake to feed a pointer not an array to
ARRAY_SIZE() macro, by using a couple of GCC extensions.
* Some error messages in "git config" were emitted without calling
the usual error() facility.
* When "add--interactive" splits a hunk into two overlapping hunks
and then let the user choose only one, it sometimes feeds an
incorrect patch text to "git apply". Add tests to demonstrate
this.
I have a slight suspicion that this may be $gmane/87202 coming back
and biting us (I seem to have said "let's run with this and see
what happens" back then).
* More line-ending tests.
* An earlier rewrite to use strbuf_getwholeline() instead of fgets(3)
to read packed-refs file revealed that the former is unacceptably
inefficient. It has been optimized by using getdelim(3) when
available.
* The refs API uses ref_lock struct which had its own "int fd", even
though the same file descriptor was in the lock struct it contains.
Clean-up the code to lose this redundant field.
* There was a dead code that used to handle "git pull --tags" and
show special-cased error message, which was made irrelevant when
the semantics of the option changed back in Git 1.9 days.
(merge 19d122b pt/pull-tags-error-diag later to maint).
* Help us to find broken test script that splits the body part of the
test by mistaken use of wrong kind of quotes.
(merge d93d5d5 jc/test-prereq-validate later to maint).
* Developer support to automatically detect broken &&-chain in the
test scripts is now turned on by default.
(merge 92b269f jk/test-chain-lint later to maint).
* Error reporting mechanism used in "refs" API has been made more
consistent.
* "git pull" has more test coverage now.
* "git pull" has become more aware of the options meant for
underlying "git fetch" and then learned to use parse-options
parser.
* Clarify in the Makefile a guideline to decide use of USE_NSEC.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.4
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.4 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* Git 2.4 broke setting verbosity and progress levels on "git clone"
with native transports.
(merge 822f0c4 mh/clone-verbosity-fix later to maint).
* "git add -e" did not allow the user to abort the operation by
killing the editor.
(merge cb64800 jk/add-e-kill-editor later to maint).
* Memory usage of "git index-pack" has been trimmed by tens of
per-cent.
(merge f0e7f11 nd/slim-index-pack-memory-usage later to maint).
* "git rev-list --objects $old --not --all" to see if everything that
is reachable from $old is already connected to the existing refs
was very inefficient.
(merge b6e8a3b jk/still-interesting later to maint).
* "hash-object --literally" introduced in v2.2 was not prepared to
take a really long object type name.
(merge 1427a7f jc/hash-object later to maint).
* "git rebase --quiet" was not quite quiet when there is nothing to
do.
(merge 22946a9 jk/rebase-quiet-noop later to maint).
* The completion for "log --decorate=" parameter value was incorrect.
(merge af16bda sg/complete-decorate-full-not-long later to maint).
* "filter-branch" corrupted commit log message that ends with an
incomplete line on platforms with some "sed" implementations that
munge such a line. Work it around by avoiding to use "sed".
(merge df06201 jk/filter-branch-use-of-sed-on-incomplete-line later to maint).
* "git daemon" fails to build from the source under NO_IPV6
configuration (regression in 2.4).
(merge d358f77 jc/daemon-no-ipv6-for-2.4.1 later to maint).
* Some time ago, "git blame" (incorrectly) lost the convert_to_git()
call when synthesizing a fake "tip" commit that represents the
state in the working tree, which broke folks who record the history
with LF line ending to make their project portable across platforms
while terminating lines in their working tree files with CRLF for
their platform.
(merge 4bf256d tb/blame-resurrect-convert-to-git later to maint).
* We avoid setting core.worktree when the repository location is the
".git" directory directly at the top level of the working tree, but
the code misdetected the case in which the working tree is at the
root level of the filesystem (which arguably is a silly thing to
do, but still valid).
(merge 84ccad8 jk/init-core-worktree-at-root later to maint).
* "git commit --date=now" or anything that relies on approxidate lost
the daylight-saving-time offset.
(merge f6e6362 jc/epochtime-wo-tz later to maint).
* Access to objects in repositories that borrow from another one on a
slow NFS server unnecessarily got more expensive due to recent code
becoming more cautious in a naive way not to lose objects to pruning.
(merge ee1c6c3 jk/prune-mtime later to maint).
* The codepaths that read .gitignore and .gitattributes files have been
taught that these files encoded in UTF-8 may have UTF-8 BOM marker at
the beginning; this makes it in line with what we do for configuration
files already.
(merge 27547e5 cn/bom-in-gitignore later to maint).
* a few helper scripts in the test suite did not report errors
correctly.
(merge de248e9 ep/fix-test-lib-functions-report later to maint).
* The default $HOME/.gitconfig file created upon "git config --global"
that edits it had incorrectly spelled user.name and user.email
entries in it.
(merge 7e11052 oh/fix-config-default-user-name-section later to maint).
* "git cat-file bl $blob" failed to barf even though there is no
object type that is "bl".
(merge b7994af jk/type-from-string-gently later to maint).
* The usual "git diff" when seeing a file turning into a directory
showed a patchset to remove the file and create all files in the
directory, but "git diff --no-index" simply refused to work. Also,
when asked to compare a file and a directory, imitate POSIX "diff"
and compare the file with the file with the same name in the
directory, instead of refusing to run.
(merge 0615173 jc/diff-no-index-d-f later to maint).
* "git rebase -i" moved the "current" command from "todo" to "done" a
bit too prematurely, losing a step when a "pick" did not even start.
(merge 8cbc57c ph/rebase-i-redo later to maint).
* The connection initiation code for "ssh" transport tried to absorb
differences between the stock "ssh" and Putty-supplied "plink" and
its derivatives, but the logic to tell that we are using "plink"
variants were too loose and falsely triggered when "plink" appeared
anywhere in the path (e.g. "/home/me/bin/uplink/ssh").
(merge baaf233 bc/connect-plink later to maint).
* We have prepended $GIT_EXEC_PATH and the path "git" is installed in
(typically "/usr/bin") to $PATH when invoking subprograms and hooks
for almost eternity, but the original use case the latter tried to
support was semi-bogus (i.e. install git to /opt/foo/git and run it
without having /opt/foo on $PATH), and more importantly it has
become less and less relevant as Git grew more mainstream (i.e. the
users would _want_ to have it on their $PATH). Stop prepending the
path in which "git" is installed to users' $PATH, as that would
interfere the command search order people depend on (e.g. they may
not like versions of programs that are unrelated to Git in /usr/bin
and want to override them by having different ones in /usr/local/bin
and have the latter directory earlier in their $PATH).
(merge a0b4507 jk/git-no-more-argv0-path-munging later to maint).
* core.excludesfile (defaulting to $XDG_HOME/git/ignore) is supposed
to be overridden by repository-specific .git/info/exclude file, but
the order was swapped from the beginning. This belatedly fixes it.
(merge 099d2d8 jc/gitignore-precedence later to maint).
* There was a commented-out (instead of being marked to expect
failure) test that documented a breakage that was fixed since the
test was written; turn it into a proper test.
(merge 66d2e04 sb/t1020-cleanup later to maint).
* The "log --decorate" enhancement in Git 2.4 that shows the commit
at the tip of the current branch e.g. "HEAD -> master", did not
work with --decorate=full.
(merge 429ad20 mg/log-decorate-HEAD later to maint).
* The ref API did not handle cases where 'refs/heads/xyzzy/frotz' is
removed at the same time as 'refs/heads/xyzzy' is added (or vice
versa) very well.
(merge c628edf mh/ref-directory-file later to maint).
* Multi-ref transaction support we merged a few releases ago
unnecessarily kept many file descriptors open, risking to fail with
resource exhaustion. This is for 2.4.x track.
(merge 185ce3a mh/write-refs-sooner-2.4 later to maint).
* "git bundle verify" did not diagnose extra parameters on the
command line.
(merge 7886cfa ps/bundle-verify-arg later to maint).
* Various documentation mark-up fixes to make the output more
consistent in general and also make AsciiDoctor (an alternative
formatter) happier.
(merge d0258b9 jk/asciidoc-markup-fix later to maint).
(merge ad3967a jk/stripspace-asciidoctor-fix later to maint).
(merge 975e382 ja/tutorial-asciidoctor-fix later to maint).
* The code to read pack-bitmap wanted to allocate a few hundred
pointers to a structure, but by mistake allocated and leaked memory
enough to hold that many actual structures. Correct the allocation
size and also have it on stack, as it is small enough.
(merge 599dc76 rs/plug-leak-in-pack-bitmaps later to maint).
* The pull.ff configuration was supposed to override the merge.ff
configuration, but it didn't.
(merge db9bb28 pt/pull-ff-vs-merge-ff later to maint).
* "git pull --log" and "git pull --no-log" worked as expected, but
"git pull --log=20" did not.
(merge 5061a44 pt/pull-log-n later to maint).
* "git rerere forget" in a repository without rerere enabled gave a
cryptic error message; it should be a silent no-op instead.
(merge 0544574 jk/rerere-forget-check-enabled later to maint).
* "git rebase -i" fired post-rewrite hook when it shouldn't (namely,
when it was told to stop sequencing with 'exec' insn).
(merge 141ff8f mm/rebase-i-post-rewrite-exec later to maint).
* Clarify that "log --raw" and "log --format=raw" are unrelated
concepts.
(merge 92de921 mm/log-format-raw-doc later to maint).
* Make "git stash something --help" error out, so that users can
safely say "git stash drop --help".
(merge 5ba2831 jk/stash-options later to maint).
* The clean/smudge interface did not work well when filtering an
empty contents (failed and then passed the empty input through).
It can be argued that a filter that produces anything but empty for
an empty input is nonsense, but if the user wants to do strange
things, then why not?
(merge f6a1e1e jh/filter-empty-contents later to maint).
* Communication between the HTTP server and http_backend process can
lead to a dead-lock when relaying a large ref negotiation request.
Diagnose the situation better, and mitigate it by reading such a
request first into core (to a reasonable limit).
(merge 636614f jk/http-backend-deadlock later to maint).
* "git clean pathspec..." tried to lstat(2) and complain even for
paths outside the given pathspec.
(merge 838d6a9 dt/clean-pathspec-filter-then-lstat later to maint).
* Recent "git prune" traverses young unreachable objects to safekeep
old objects in the reachability chain from them, which sometimes
caused error messages that are unnecessarily alarming.
(merge ce4e7b2 jk/squelch-missing-link-warning-for-unreachable later to maint).
* The configuration reader/writer uses mmap(2) interface to access
the files; when we find a directory, it barfed with "Out of memory?".
(merge 9ca0aaf jk/diagnose-config-mmap-failure later to maint).
* "color.diff.plain" was a misnomer; give it 'color.diff.context' as
a more logical synonym.
(merge 8dbf3eb jk/color-diff-plain-is-context later to maint).
* The setup code used to die when core.bare and core.worktree are set
inconsistently, even for commands that do not need working tree.
(merge fada767 jk/die-on-bogus-worktree-late later to maint).
* Recent Mac OS X updates breaks the logic to detect that the machine
is on the AC power in the sample pre-auto-gc script.
(merge c54c7b3 pa/auto-gc-mac-osx later to maint).
* "git commit --cleanup=scissors" was not careful enough to protect
against getting fooled by a line that looked like scissors.
(merge fbfa097 sg/commit-cleanup-scissors later to maint).
* "Have we lost a race with competing repack?" check was too
expensive, especially while receiving a huge object transfer
that runs index-pack (e.g. "clone" or "fetch").
(merge 0eeb077 jk/index-pack-reduce-recheck later to maint).
* The tcsh completion writes a bash scriptlet but that would have
failed for users with noclobber set.
(merge 0b1f688 af/tcsh-completion-noclobber later to maint).
* "git for-each-ref" reported "missing object" for 0{40} when it
encounters a broken ref. The lack of object whose name is 0{40} is
not the problem; the ref being broken is.
(merge 501cf47 mh/reporting-broken-refs-from-for-each-ref later to maint).
* Various fixes around "git am" that applies a patch to a history
that is not there yet.
(merge 6ea3b67 pt/am-abort-fix later to maint).
* "git fsck" used to ignore missing or invalid objects recorded in reflog.
(merge 19bf6c9 mh/fsck-reflog-entries later to maint).
* "git format-patch --ignore-if-upstream A..B" did not like to be fed
tags as boundary commits.
(merge 9b7a61d jc/do-not-feed-tags-to-clear-commit-marks later to maint).
* "git fetch --depth=<depth>" and "git clone --depth=<depth>" issued
a shallow transfer request even to an upload-pack that does not
support the capability.
(merge eb86a50 me/fetch-into-shallow-safety later to maint).
* "git rebase" did not exit with failure when format-patch it invoked
failed for whatever reason.
(merge 60d708b cb/rebase-am-exit-code later to maint).
* Fix a small bug in our use of umask() return value.
(merge 3096b2e jk/fix-refresh-utime later to maint).
* An ancient test framework enhancement to allow color was not
entirely correct; this makes it work even when tput needs to read
from the ~/.terminfo under the user's real HOME directory.
(merge d5c1b7c rh/test-color-avoid-terminfo-in-original-home later to maint).
* A minor bugfix when pack bitmap is used with "rev-list --count".
(merge c8a70d3 jk/rev-list-no-bitmap-while-pruning later to maint).
* "git config" failed to update the configuration file when the
underlying filesystem is incapable of renaming a file that is still
open.
(merge 7a64592 kb/config-unmap-before-renaming later to maint).
* Avoid possible ssize_t to int truncation.
(merge 6c8afe4 mh/strbuf-read-file-returns-ssize-t later to maint).
* When you say "!<ENTER>" while running say "git log", you'd confuse
yourself in the resulting shell, that may look as if you took
control back to the original shell you spawned "git log" from but
that isn't what is happening. To that new shell, we leaked
GIT_PAGER_IN_USE environment variable that was meant as a local
communication between the original "Git" and subprocesses that was
spawned by it after we launched the pager, which caused many
"interesting" things to happen, e.g. "git diff | cat" still paints
its output in color by default.
Stop leaking that environment variable to the pager's half of the
fork; we only need it on "Git" side when we spawn the pager.
(merge 124b519 jc/unexport-git-pager-in-use-in-pager later to maint).
* Abandoning an already applied change in "git rebase -i" with
"--continue" left CHERRY_PICK_HEAD and confused later steps.
(merge 0e0aff4 js/rebase-i-clean-up-upon-continue-to-skip later to maint).
* We used to ask libCURL to use the most secure authentication method
available when talking to an HTTP proxy only when we were told to
talk to one via configuration variables. We now ask libCURL to
always use the most secure authentication method, because the user
can tell libCURL to use an HTTP proxy via an environment variable
without using configuration variables.
(merge 5841520 et/http-proxyauth later to maint).
* A fix to a minor regression to "git fsck" in v2.2 era that started
complaining about a body-less tag object when it lacks a separator
empty line after its header to separate it with a non-existent body.
(merge 84d18c0 jc/fsck-retire-require-eoh later to maint).
* Code cleanups and documentation updates.
(merge 0269f96 mm/usage-log-l-can-take-regex later to maint).
(merge 64f2589 nd/t1509-chroot-test later to maint).
(merge d201a1e sb/test-bitmap-free-at-end later to maint).
(merge 05bfc7d sb/line-log-plug-pairdiff-leak later to maint).
(merge 846e5df pt/xdg-config-path later to maint).
(merge 1154aa4 jc/plug-fmt-merge-msg-leak later to maint).
(merge 319b678 jk/sha1-file-reduce-useless-warnings later to maint).
(merge 9a35c14 fg/document-commit-message-stripping later to maint).
(merge bbf431c ps/doc-packfile-vs-pack-file later to maint).
(merge 309a9e3 jk/skip-http-tests-under-no-curl later to maint).
(merge ccd593c dl/branch-error-message later to maint).
(merge 22570b6 rs/janitorial later to maint).
(merge 5c2a581 mc/commit-doc-grammofix later to maint).
(merge ce41720 ah/usage-strings later to maint).
(merge e6a268c sb/glossary-submodule later to maint).
(merge ec48a76 sb/submodule-doc-intro later to maint).
(merge 14f8b9b jk/clone-dissociate later to maint).
(merge 055c7e9 sb/pack-protocol-mention-smart-http later to maint).
(merge 7c37a5d jk/make-fix-dependencies later to maint).
(merge fc0aa39 sg/merge-summary-config later to maint).
(merge 329af6c pt/t0302-needs-sanity later to maint).
(merge d614f07 fk/doc-format-patch-vn later to maint).
(merge 72dbb36 sg/completion-commit-cleanup later to maint).
(merge e654eb2 es/utf8-stupid-compiler-workaround later to maint).
(merge 34b935c es/osx-header-pollutes-mask-macro later to maint).
(merge ab7fade jc/prompt-document-ps1-state-separator later to maint).
(merge 25f600e mm/describe-doc later to maint).
(merge 83fe167 mm/branch-doc-updates later to maint).
(merge 75d2e5a ls/hint-rev-list-count later to maint).
(merge edc8f71 cb/subtree-tests-update later to maint).
(merge 5330e6e sb/p5310-and-chain later to maint).
(merge c4ac525 tb/checkout-doc later to maint).
(merge e479c5f jk/pretty-encoding-doc later to maint).
(merge 7e837c6 ss/clone-guess-dir-name-simplify later to maint).

View File

@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
Git v2.5.1 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.5
----------------
* Running an aliased command from a subdirectory when the .git thing
in the working tree is a gitfile pointing elsewhere did not work.
* Often a fast-import stream builds a new commit on top of the
previous commit it built, and it often unconditionally emits a
"from" command to specify the first parent, which can be omitted in
such a case. This caused fast-import to forget the tree of the
previous commit and then re-read it from scratch, which was
inefficient. Optimize for this common case.
* The "rev-parse --parseopt" mode parsed the option specification
and the argument hint in a strange way to allow '=' and other
special characters in the option name while forbidding them from
the argument hint. This made it impossible to define an option
like "--pair <key>=<value>" with "pair=key=value" specification,
which instead would have defined a "--pair=key <value>" option.
* A "rebase" replays changes of the local branch on top of something
else, as such they are placed in stage #3 and referred to as
"theirs", while the changes in the new base, typically a foreign
work, are placed in stage #2 and referred to as "ours". Clarify
the "checkout --ours/--theirs".
* An experimental "untracked cache" feature used uname(2) in a
slightly unportable way.
* "sparse checkout" misbehaved for a path that is excluded from the
checkout when switching between branches that differ at the path.
* The low-level "git send-pack" did not honor 'user.signingkey'
configuration variable when sending a signed-push.
* An attempt to delete a ref by pushing into a repository whose HEAD
symbolic reference points at an unborn branch that cannot be
created due to ref D/F conflict (e.g. refs/heads/a/b exists, HEAD
points at refs/heads/a) failed.
* "git subtree" (in contrib/) depended on "git log" output to be
stable, which was a no-no. Apply a workaround to force a
particular date format.
* "git clone $URL" in recent releases of Git contains a regression in
the code that invents a new repository name incorrectly based on
the $URL. This has been corrected.
(merge db2e220 jk/guess-repo-name-regression-fix later to maint).
* Running tests with the "-x" option to make them verbose had some
unpleasant interactions with other features of the test suite.
(merge 9b5fe78 jk/test-with-x later to maint).
* "git pull" in recent releases of Git has a regression in the code
that allows custom path to the --upload-pack=<program>. This has
been corrected.
* pipe() emulation used in Git for Windows looked at a wrong variable
when checking for an error from an _open_osfhandle() call.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
Git v2.5.2 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.5.1
------------------
* "git init empty && git -C empty log" said "bad default revision 'HEAD'",
which was found to be a bit confusing to new users.
* The "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a multi-paragraph title of
a commit log message with a colon in it as the end of the trailer
block.
* When re-priming the cache-tree opportunistically while committing
the in-core index as-is, we mistakenly invalidated the in-core
index too aggressively, causing the experimental split-index code
to unnecessarily rewrite the on-disk index file(s).
* "git archive" did not use zip64 extension when creating an archive
with more than 64k entries, which nobody should need, right ;-)?
* The code in "multiple-worktree" support that attempted to recover
from an inconsistent state updated an incorrect file.
* "git rev-list" does not take "--notes" option, but did not complain
when one is given.
* Because the configuration system does not allow "alias.0foo" and
"pager.0foo" as the configuration key, the user cannot use '0foo'
as a custom command name anyway, but "git 0foo" tried to look these
keys up and emitted useless warnings before saying '0foo is not a
git command'. These warning messages have been squelched.
* We recently rewrote one of the build scripts in Perl, which made it
necessary to have Perl to build Git. Reduced Perl dependency by
rewriting it again using sed.
* t1509 test that requires a dedicated VM environment had some
bitrot, which has been corrected.
* strbuf_read() used to have one extra iteration (and an unnecessary
strbuf_grow() of 8kB), which was eliminated.
* The codepath to produce error messages had a hard-coded limit to
the size of the message, primarily to avoid memory allocation while
calling die().
* When trying to see that an object does not exist, a state errno
leaked from our "first try to open a packfile with O_NOATIME and
then if it fails retry without it" logic on a system that refuses
O_NOATIME. This confused us and caused us to die, saying that the
packfile is unreadable, when we should have just reported that the
object does not exist in that packfile to the caller.
* An off-by-one error made "git remote" to mishandle a remote with a
single letter nickname.
* A handful of codepaths that used to use fixed-sized arrays to hold
pathnames have been corrected to use strbuf and other mechanisms to
allow longer pathnames without fearing overflows.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
Git v2.5.3 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.5.2
------------------
* The experimental untracked-cache feature were buggy when paths with
a few levels of subdirectories are involved.
* Recent versions of scripted "git am" has a performance regression
in "git am --skip" codepath, which no longer exists in the
built-in version on the 'master' front. Fix the regression in
the last scripted version that appear in 2.5.x maintenance track
and older.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
Git v2.5.4 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.5.4
------------------
* xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
extremely large files. It uses "int" in many places, which can
overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to somewhere
around 1GB for now.
* Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
found in the URL. The URLs that submodules use may come from
arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
fetch. Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
ones.

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@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
Git v2.5.5 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.5.4
------------------
* Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API. Both of
these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.

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@ -1,370 +0,0 @@
Git 2.6 Release Notes
=====================
Updates since v2.5
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* An asterisk as a substring (as opposed to the entirety) of a path
component for both side of a refspec, e.g.
"refs/heads/o*:refs/remotes/heads/i*", is now allowed.
* New userdiff pattern definition for fountain screenwriting markup
format has been added.
* "git log" and friends learned a new "--date=format:..." option to
format timestamps using system's strftime(3).
* "git fast-import" learned to respond to the get-mark command via
its cat-blob-fd interface.
* "git rebase -i" learned "drop commit-object-name subject" command
as another way to skip replaying of a commit.
* A new configuration variable can enable "--follow" automatically
when "git log" is run with one pathspec argument.
* "git status" learned to show a more detailed information regarding
the "rebase -i" session in progress.
* "git cat-file" learned "--batch-all-objects" option to enumerate all
available objects in the repository more quickly than "rev-list
--all --objects" (the output includes unreachable objects, though).
* "git fsck" learned to ignore errors on a set of known-to-be-bad
objects, and also allows the warning levels of various kinds of
non-critical breakages to be tweaked.
* "git rebase -i"'s list of todo is made configurable.
* "git send-email" now performs alias-expansion on names that are
given via --cccmd, etc.
* An environment variable GIT_REPLACE_REF_BASE tells Git to look into
refs hierarchy other than refs/replace/ for the object replacement
data.
* Allow untracked cache (experimental) to be used when sparse
checkout (experimental) is also in use.
* "git pull --rebase" has been taught to pay attention to
rebase.autostash configuration.
* The command-line completion script (in contrib/) has been updated.
* A negative !ref entry in multi-value transfer.hideRefs
configuration can be used to say "don't hide this one".
* After "git am" without "-3" stops, running "git am -3" pays attention
to "-3" only for the patch that caused the original invocation
to stop.
* When linked worktree is used, simultaneous "notes merge" instances
for the same ref in refs/notes/* are prevented from stomping on
each other.
* "git send-email" learned a new option --smtp-auth to limit the SMTP
AUTH mechanisms to be used to a subset of what the system library
supports.
* A new configuration variable http.sslVersion can be used to specify
what specific version of SSL/TLS to use to make a connection.
* "git notes merge" can be told with "--strategy=<how>" option how to
automatically handle conflicts; this can now be configured by
setting notes.mergeStrategy configuration variable.
* "git log --cc" did not show any patch, even though most of the time
the user meant "git log --cc -p -m" to see patch output for commits
with a single parent, and combined diff for merge commits. The
command is taught to DWIM "--cc" (without "--raw" and other forms
of output specification) to "--cc -p -m".
* "git config --list" output was hard to parse when values consist of
multiple lines. "--name-only" option is added to help this.
* A handful of usability & cosmetic fixes to gitk and l10n updates.
* A completely empty e-mail address <> is now allowed in the authors
file used by git-svn, to match the way it accepts the output from
authors-prog.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* In preparation for allowing different "backends" to store the refs
in a way different from the traditional "one ref per file in
$GIT_DIR or in a $GIT_DIR/packed-refs file" filesystem storage,
direct filesystem access to ref-like things like CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
from scripts and programs has been reduced.
* Computation of untracked status indicator by bash prompt
script (in contrib/) has been optimized.
* Memory use reduction when commit-slab facility is used to annotate
sparsely (which is not recommended in the first place).
* Clean up refs API and make "git clone" less intimate with the
implementation detail.
* "git pull" was reimplemented in C.
* The packet tracing machinery allows to capture an incoming pack
data to a file for debugging.
* Move machinery to parse human-readable scaled numbers like 1k, 4M,
and 2G as an option parameter's value from pack-objects to
parse-options API, to make it available to other codepaths.
* "git verify-tag" and "git verify-commit" have been taught to share
more code, and then learned to optionally show the verification
message from the underlying GPG implementation.
* Various enhancements around "git am" reading patches generated by
foreign SCM have been made.
* Ref listing by "git branch -l" and "git tag -l" commands has
started to be rebuilt, based on the for-each-ref machinery.
* The code to perform multi-tree merges has been taught to repopulate
the cache-tree upon a successful merge into the index, so that
subsequent "diff-index --cached" (hence "status") and "write-tree"
(hence "commit") will go faster.
The same logic in "git checkout" may now be removed, but that is a
separate issue.
* Tests that assume how reflogs are represented on the filesystem too
much have been corrected.
* "git am" has been rewritten in "C".
* git_path() and mkpath() are handy helper functions but it is easy
to misuse, as the callers need to be careful to keep the number of
active results below 4. Their uses have been reduced.
* The "lockfile" API has been rebuilt on top of a new "tempfile" API.
* To prepare for allowing a different "ref" backend to be plugged in
to the system, update_ref()/delete_ref() have been taught about
ref-like things like MERGE_HEAD that are per-worktree (they will
always be written to the filesystem inside $GIT_DIR).
* The gitmodules API that is accessed from the C code learned to
cache stuff lazily.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.5
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.5 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* "git subtree" (in contrib/) depended on "git log" output to be
stable, which was a no-no. Apply a workaround to force a
particular date format.
(merge e7aac44 da/subtree-date-confusion later to maint).
* An attempt to delete a ref by pushing into a repository whose HEAD
symbolic reference points at an unborn branch that cannot be
created due to ref D/F conflict (e.g. refs/heads/a/b exists, HEAD
points at refs/heads/a) failed.
(merge b112b14 jx/do-not-crash-receive-pack-wo-head later to maint).
* The low-level "git send-pack" did not honor 'user.signingkey'
configuration variable when sending a signed-push.
(merge d830d39 db/send-pack-user-signingkey later to maint).
* "sparse checkout" misbehaved for a path that is excluded from the
checkout when switching between branches that differ at the path.
(merge 7d78241 as/sparse-checkout-removal later to maint).
* An experimental "untracked cache" feature used uname(2) in a
slightly unportable way.
(merge 100e433 cb/uname-in-untracked later to maint).
* A "rebase" replays changes of the local branch on top of something
else, as such they are placed in stage #3 and referred to as
"theirs", while the changes in the new base, typically a foreign
work, are placed in stage #2 and referred to as "ours". Clarify
the "checkout --ours/--theirs".
(merge f303016 se/doc-checkout-ours-theirs later to maint).
* The "rev-parse --parseopt" mode parsed the option specification
and the argument hint in a strange way to allow '=' and other
special characters in the option name while forbidding them from
the argument hint. This made it impossible to define an option
like "--pair <key>=<value>" with "pair=key=value" specification,
which instead would have defined a "--pair=key <value>" option.
(merge 2d893df ib/scripted-parse-opt-better-hint-string later to maint).
* Often a fast-import stream builds a new commit on top of the
previous commit it built, and it often unconditionally emits a
"from" command to specify the first parent, which can be omitted in
such a case. This caused fast-import to forget the tree of the
previous commit and then re-read it from scratch, which was
inefficient. Optimize for this common case.
(merge 0df3245 mh/fast-import-optimize-current-from later to maint).
* Running an aliased command from a subdirectory when the .git thing
in the working tree is a gitfile pointing elsewhere did not work.
(merge d95138e nd/export-worktree later to maint).
* "Is this subdirectory a separate repository that should not be
touched?" check "git clean" was inefficient. This was replaced
with a more optimized check.
(merge fbf2fec ee/clean-remove-dirs later to maint).
* The "new-worktree-mode" hack in "checkout" that was added in
nd/multiple-work-trees topic has been removed by updating the
implementation of new "worktree add".
(merge 65f9b75 es/worktree-add-cleanup later to maint).
* Remove remaining cruft from "git checkout --to", which
transitioned to "git worktree add".
(merge 114ff88 es/worktree-add later to maint).
* An off-by-one error made "git remote" to mishandle a remote with a
single letter nickname.
(merge bc598c3 mh/get-remote-group-fix later to maint).
* "git clone $URL", when cloning from a site whose sole purpose is to
host a single repository (hence, no path after <scheme>://<site>/),
tried to use the site name as the new repository name, but did not
remove username or password when <site> part was of the form
<user>@<pass>:<host>. The code is taught to redact these.
(merge adef956 ps/guess-repo-name-at-root later to maint).
* Running tests with the "-x" option to make them verbose had some
unpleasant interactions with other features of the test suite.
(merge 9b5fe78 jk/test-with-x later to maint).
* t1509 test that requires a dedicated VM environment had some
bitrot, which has been corrected.
(merge faacc5a ps/t1509-chroot-test-fixup later to maint).
* "git pull" in recent releases of Git has a regression in the code
that allows custom path to the --upload-pack=<program>. This has
been corrected.
Note that this is irrelevant for 'master' with "git pull" rewritten
in C.
(merge 13e0e28 mm/pull-upload-pack later to maint).
* When trying to see that an object does not exist, a state errno
leaked from our "first try to open a packfile with O_NOATIME and
then if it fails retry without it" logic on a system that refuses
O_NOATIME. This confused us and caused us to die, saying that the
packfile is unreadable, when we should have just reported that the
object does not exist in that packfile to the caller.
(merge dff6f28 cb/open-noatime-clear-errno later to maint).
* The codepath to produce error messages had a hard-coded limit to
the size of the message, primarily to avoid memory allocation while
calling die().
(merge f4c3edc jk/long-error-messages later to maint).
* strbuf_read() used to have one extra iteration (and an unnecessary
strbuf_grow() of 8kB), which was eliminated.
(merge 3ebbd00 jh/strbuf-read-use-read-in-full later to maint).
* We rewrote one of the build scripts in Perl but this reimplements
in Bourne shell.
(merge 57cee8a sg/help-group later to maint).
* The experimental untracked-cache feature were buggy when paths with
a few levels of subdirectories are involved.
(merge 73f9145 dt/untracked-subdir later to maint).
* "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a single-liner log message that
has a colon as the end of existing trailer.
* The "interpret-trailers" helper mistook a multi-paragraph title of
a commit log message with a colon in it as the end of the trailer
block.
(merge 5c99995 cc/trailers-corner-case-fix later to maint).
* "git describe" without argument defaulted to describe the HEAD
commit, but "git describe --contains" didn't. Arguably, in a
repository used for active development, such defaulting would not
be very useful as the tip of branch is typically not tagged, but it
is better to be consistent.
(merge 2bd0706 sg/describe-contains later to maint).
* The client side codepaths in "git push" have been cleaned up
and the user can request to perform an optional "signed push",
i.e. sign only when the other end accepts signed push.
(merge 68c757f db/push-sign-if-asked later to maint).
* Because the configuration system does not allow "alias.0foo" and
"pager.0foo" as the configuration key, the user cannot use '0foo'
as a custom command name anyway, but "git 0foo" tried to look these
keys up and emitted useless warnings before saying '0foo is not a
git command'. These warning messages have been squelched.
(merge 9e9de18 jk/fix-alias-pager-config-key-warnings later to maint).
* "git rev-list" does not take "--notes" option, but did not complain
when one is given.
(merge 2aea7a5 jk/rev-list-has-no-notes later to maint).
* When re-priming the cache-tree opportunistically while committing
the in-core index as-is, we mistakenly invalidated the in-core
index too aggressively, causing the experimental split-index code
to unnecessarily rewrite the on-disk index file(s).
(merge 475a344 dt/commit-preserve-base-index-upon-opportunistic-cache-tree-update later to maint).
* "git archive" did not use zip64 extension when creating an archive
with more than 64k entries, which nobody should need, right ;-)?
(merge 88329ca rs/archive-zip-many later to maint).
* The code in "multiple-worktree" support that attempted to recover
from an inconsistent state updated an incorrect file.
(merge 82fde87 nd/fixup-linked-gitdir later to maint).
* On case insensitive systems, "git p4" did not work well with client
specs.
* "git init empty && git -C empty log" said "bad default revision 'HEAD'",
which was found to be a bit confusing to new users.
(merge ce11360 jk/log-missing-default-HEAD later to maint).
* Recent versions of scripted "git am" has a performance regression in
"git am --skip" codepath, which no longer exists in the built-in
version on the 'master' front. Fix the regression in the last
scripted version that appear in 2.5.x maintenance track and older.
(merge b9d6689 js/maint-am-skip-performance-regression later to maint).
* The branch descriptions that are set with "git branch --edit-description"
option were used in many places but they weren't clearly documented.
(merge 561d2b7 po/doc-branch-desc later to maint).
* Code cleanups and documentation updates.
(merge 1c601af es/doc-clean-outdated-tools later to maint).
(merge 3581304 kn/tag-doc-fix later to maint).
(merge 3a59e59 kb/i18n-doc later to maint).
(merge 45abdee sb/remove-unused-var-from-builtin-add later to maint).
(merge 14691e3 sb/parse-options-codeformat later to maint).
(merge 4a6ada3 ad/bisect-cleanup later to maint).
(merge da4c5ad ta/docfix-index-format-tech later to maint).
(merge ae25fd3 sb/check-return-from-read-ref later to maint).
(merge b3325df nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
(merge 7aa9b9b sg/wt-status-header-inclusion later to maint).
(merge f04c690 as/docfix-reflog-expire-unreachable later to maint).
(merge 1269847 sg/t3020-typofix later to maint).
(merge 8b54c23 jc/calloc-pathspec later to maint).
(merge a6926b8 po/po-readme later to maint).
(merge 54d160e ss/fix-config-fd-leak later to maint).
(merge b80fa84 ah/submodule-typofix-in-error later to maint).
(merge 99885bc ah/reflog-typofix-in-error later to maint).
(merge 9476c2c ah/read-tree-usage-string later to maint).
(merge b8c1d27 ah/pack-objects-usage-strings later to maint).
(merge 486e1e1 br/svn-doc-include-paths-config later to maint).
(merge 1733ed3 ee/clean-test-fixes later to maint).
(merge 5fcadc3 gb/apply-comment-typofix later to maint).
(merge b894d3e mp/t7060-diff-index-test later to maint).
(merge d238710 as/config-doc-markup-fix later to maint).

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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
Git v2.6.1 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6
----------------
* xdiff code we use to generate diffs is not prepared to handle
extremely large files. It uses "int" in many places, which can
overflow if we have a very large number of lines or even bytes in
our input files, for example. Cap the input size to somewhere
around 1GB for now.
* Some protocols (like git-remote-ext) can execute arbitrary code
found in the URL. The URLs that submodules use may come from
arbitrary sources (e.g., .gitmodules files in a remote
repository), and can hurt those who blindly enable recursive
fetch. Restrict the allowed protocols to well known and safe
ones.

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@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
Git v2.6.2 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6.1
------------------
* There were some classes of errors that "git fsck" diagnosed to its
standard error that did not cause it to exit with non-zero status.
* A test script for the HTTP service had a timing dependent bug,
which was fixed.
* Performance-measurement tests did not work without an installed Git.
* On a case insensitive filesystems, setting GIT_WORK_TREE variable
using a random cases that does not agree with what the filesystem
thinks confused Git that it wasn't inside the working tree.
* When "git am" was rewritten as a built-in, it stopped paying
attention to user.signingkey, which was fixed.
* After "git checkout --detach", "git status" reported a fairly
useless "HEAD detached at HEAD", instead of saying at which exact
commit.
* "git rebase -i" had a minor regression recently, which stopped
considering a line that begins with an indented '#' in its insn
sheet not a comment, which is now fixed.
* Description of the "log.follow" configuration variable in "git log"
documentation is now also copied to "git config" documentation.
* Allocation related functions and stdio are unsafe things to call
inside a signal handler, and indeed killing the pager can cause
glibc to deadlock waiting on allocation mutex as our signal handler
tries to free() some data structures in wait_for_pager(). Reduce
these unsafe calls.
* The way how --ref/--notes to specify the notes tree reference are
DWIMmed was not clearly documented.
* Customization to change the behaviour with "make -w" and "make -s"
in our Makefile was broken when they were used together.
* The Makefile always runs the library archiver with hardcoded "crs"
options, which was inconvenient for exotic platforms on which
people want to use programs with totally different set of command
line options.
* The ssh transport, just like any other transport over the network,
did not clear GIT_* environment variables, but it is possible to
use SendEnv and AcceptEnv to leak them to the remote invocation of
Git, which is not a good idea at all. Explicitly clear them just
like we do for the local transport.
* "git blame --first-parent v1.0..v2.0" was not rejected but did not
limit the blame to commits on the first parent chain.
* Very small number of options take a parameter that is optional
(which is not a great UI element as they can only appear at the end
of the command line). Add notice to documentation of each and
every one of them.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
Git v2.6.3 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6.2
------------------
* The error message from "git blame --contents --reverse" incorrectly
talked about "--contents --children".
* "git merge-file" tried to signal how many conflicts it found, which
obviously would not work well when there are too many of them.
* The name-hash subsystem that is used to cope with case insensitive
filesystems keeps track of directories and their on-filesystem
cases for all the paths in the index by holding a pointer to a
randomly chosen cache entry that is inside the directory (for its
ce->ce_name component). This pointer was not updated even when the
cache entry was removed from the index, leading to use after free.
This was fixed by recording the path for each directory instead of
borrowing cache entries and restructuring the API somewhat.
* When the "git am" command was reimplemented in C, "git am -3" had a
small regression where it is aborted in its error handling codepath
when underlying merge-recursive failed in some ways.
* The synopsis text and the usage string of subcommands that read
list of things from the standard input are often shown as if they
only take input from a file on a filesystem, which was misleading.
* A couple of commands still showed "[options]" in their usage string
to note where options should come on their command line, but we
spell that "[<options>]" in most places these days.
* The submodule code has been taught to work better with separate
work trees created via "git worktree add".
* When "git gc --auto" is backgrounded, its diagnosis message is
lost. It now is saved to a file in $GIT_DIR and is shown next time
the "gc --auto" is run.
* Work around "git p4" failing when the P4 depot records the contents
in UTF-16 without UTF-16 BOM.
* Recent update to "rebase -i" that tries to sanity check the edited
insn sheet before it uses it has become too picky on Windows where
CRLF left by the editor is turned into a trailing CR on the line
read via the "read" built-in command.
* "git clone --dissociate" runs a big "git repack" process at the
end, and it helps to close file descriptors that are open on the
packs and their idx files before doing so on filesystems that
cannot remove a file that is still open.
* Correct "git p4 --detect-labels" so that it does not fail to create
a tag that points at a commit that is also being imported.
* The internal stripspace() function has been moved to where it
logically belongs to, i.e. strbuf API, and the command line parser
of "git stripspace" has been updated to use the parse_options API.
* Prepare for Git on-disk repository representation to undergo
backward incompatible changes by introducing a new repository
format version "1", with an extension mechanism.
* "git gc" used to barf when a symbolic ref has gone dangling
(e.g. the branch that used to be your upstream's default when you
cloned from it is now gone, and you did "fetch --prune").
* The normalize_ceiling_entry() function does not muck with the end
of the path it accepts, and the real world callers do rely on that,
but a test insisted that the function drops a trailing slash.
* "git gc" is safe to run anytime only because it has the built-in
grace period to protect young objects. In order to run with no
grace period, the user must make sure that the repository is
quiescent.
* A recent "filter-branch --msg-filter" broke skipping of the commit
object header, which is fixed.
* "git --literal-pathspecs add -u/-A" without any command line
argument misbehaved ever since Git 2.0.
* Merging a branch that removes a path and another that changes the
mode bits on the same path should have conflicted at the path, but
it didn't and silently favoured the removal.
* "git imap-send" did not compile well with older version of cURL library.
* The linkage order of libraries was wrong in places around libcurl.
* It was not possible to use a repository-lookalike created by "git
worktree add" as a local source of "git clone".
* When "git send-email" wanted to talk over Net::SMTP::SSL,
Net::Cmd::datasend() did not like to be fed too many bytes at the
same time and failed to send messages. Send the payload one line
at a time to work around the problem.
* We peek objects from submodule's object store by linking it to the
list of alternate object databases, but the code to do so forgot to
correctly initialize the list.
* "git status --branch --short" accessed beyond the constant string
"HEAD", which has been corrected.
* "git daemon" uses "run_command()" without "finish_command()", so it
needs to release resources itself, which it forgot to do.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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Git v2.6.4 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6.3
------------------
* The "configure" script did not test for -lpthread correctly, which
upset some linkers.
* Add support for talking http/https over socks proxy.
* Portability fix for Windows, which may rewrite $SHELL variable using
non-POSIX paths.
* We now consistently allow all hooks to ignore their standard input,
rather than having git complain of SIGPIPE.
* Fix shell quoting in contrib script.
* Test portability fix for a topic in v2.6.1.
* Allow tilde-expansion in some http config variables.
* Give a useful special case "diff/show --word-diff-regex=." as an
example in the documentation.
* Fix for a corner case in filter-branch.
* Make git-p4 work on a detached head.
* Documentation clarification for "check-ignore" without "--verbose".
* Just like the working tree is cleaned up when the user cancelled
submission in P4Submit.applyCommit(), clean up the mess if "p4
submit" fails.
* Having a leftover .idx file without corresponding .pack file in
the repository hurts performance; "git gc" learned to prune them.
* The code to prepare the working tree side of temporary directory
for the "dir-diff" feature forgot that symbolic links need not be
copied (or symlinked) to the temporary area, as the code already
special cases and overwrites them. Besides, it was wrong to try
computing the object name of the target of symbolic link, which may
not even exist or may be a directory.
* There was no way to defeat a configured rebase.autostash variable
from the command line, as "git rebase --no-autostash" was missing.
* Allow "git interpret-trailers" to run outside of a Git repository.
* Produce correct "dirty" marker for shell prompts, even when we
are on an orphan or an unborn branch.
* Some corner cases have been fixed in string-matching done in "git
status".
* Apple's common crypto implementation of SHA1_Update() does not take
more than 4GB at a time, and we now have a compile-time workaround
for it.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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Git v2.6.5 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6.4
------------------
* Because "test_when_finished" in our test framework queues the
clean-up tasks to be done in a shell variable, it should not be
used inside a subshell. Add a mechanism to allow 'bash' to catch
such uses, and fix the ones that were found.
* Update "git subtree" (in contrib/) so that it can take whitespaces
in the pathnames, not only in the in-tree pathname but the name of
the directory that the repository is in.
* Cosmetic improvement to lock-file error messages.
* mark_tree_uninteresting() has code to handle the case where it gets
passed a NULL pointer in its 'tree' parameter, but the function had
'object = &tree->object' assignment before checking if tree is
NULL. This gives a compiler an excuse to declare that tree will
never be NULL and apply a wrong optimization. Avoid it.
* The helper used to iterate over loose object directories to prune
stale objects did not closedir() immediately when it is done with a
directory--a callback such as the one used for "git prune" may want
to do rmdir(), but it would fail on open directory on platforms
such as WinXP.
* "git p4" used to import Perforce CLs that touch only paths outside
the client spec as empty commits. It has been corrected to ignore
them instead, with a new configuration git-p4.keepEmptyCommits as a
backward compatibility knob.
* The exit code of git-fsck did not reflect some types of errors
found in packed objects, which has been corrected.
* The completion script (in contrib/) used to list "git column"
(which is not an end-user facing command) as one of the choices
* Improve error reporting when SMTP TLS fails.
* When getpwuid() on the system returned NULL (e.g. the user is not
in the /etc/passwd file or other uid-to-name mappings), the
codepath to find who the user is to record it in the reflog barfed
and died. Loosen the check in this codepath, which already accepts
questionable ident string (e.g. host part of the e-mail address is
obviously bogus), and in general when we operate fmt_ident() function
in non-strict mode.
* "git symbolic-ref" forgot to report a failure with its exit status.
* History traversal with "git log --source" that starts with an
annotated tag failed to report the tag as "source", due to an
old regression in the command line parser back in v2.2 days.
Also contains typofixes, documentation updates and trivial code
clean-ups.

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Git v2.6.6 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.6.5
------------------
* Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API. Both of
these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.

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Git 2.7 Release Notes
=====================
Updates since v2.6
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* The appearance of "gitk", particularly on high DPI monitors, have
been improved. "gitk" also comes with an undated translation for
Swedish and Japanese.
* "git remote" learned "get-url" subcommand to show the URL for a
given remote name used for fetching and pushing.
* There was no way to defeat a configured rebase.autostash variable
from the command line, as "git rebase --no-autostash" was missing.
* "git log --date=local" used to only show the normal (default)
format in the local timezone. The command learned to take 'local'
as an instruction to use the local timezone with other formats,
* The refs used during a "git bisect" session is now per-worktree so
that independent bisect sessions can be done in different worktrees
created with "git worktree add".
* Users who are too busy to type three extra keystrokes to ask for
"git stash show -p" can now set stash.showPatch configuration
variable to true to always see the actual patch, not just the list
of paths affected with feel for the extent of damage via diffstat.
* "quiltimport" allows to specify the series file by honoring the
$QUILT_SERIES environment and also --series command line option.
* The use of 'good/bad' in "git bisect" made it confusing to use when
hunting for a state change that is not a regression (e.g. bugfix).
The command learned 'old/new' and then allows the end user to
say e.g. "bisect start --term-old=fast --term-new=slow" to find a
performance regression.
* "git interpret-trailers" can now run outside of a Git repository.
* "git p4" learned to reencode the pathname it uses to communicate
with the p4 depot with a new option.
* Give progress meter to "git filter-branch".
* Allow a later "!/abc/def" to override an earlier "/abc" that
appears in the same .gitignore file to make it easier to express
"everything in /abc directory is ignored, except for ...".
* Teach "git p4" to send large blobs outside the repository by
talking to Git LFS.
* Prepare for Git on-disk repository representation to undergo
backward incompatible changes by introducing a new repository
format version "1", with an extension mechanism.
* "git worktree" learned a "list" subcommand.
* "git clone --dissociate" learned that it can be used even when
"--reference" was not used at the same time.
* "git blame" learnt to take "--first-parent" and "--reverse" at the
same time when it makes sense.
* "git checkout" did not follow the usual "--[no-]progress"
convention and implemented only "--quiet" that is essentially
a superset of "--no-progress". Extend the command to support the
usual "--[no-]progress".
* The semantics of transfer.hideRefs configuration variable have been
extended to work better with the ref "namespace" feature that lets
you throw unrelated bunches of repositories in a single physical
repository and virtually serve them as separate ones.
* send-email config variables whose values are pathnames now go
through the ~username/ expansion.
* bash completion learnt to TAB-complete recipient addresses given
to send-email.
* The credential-cache daemon can be told to ignore SIGHUP to work
around issue when running Git from inside emacs.
* "git push" learned new configuration for doing "--recurse-submodules"
on each push.
* "format-patch" has learned a new option to zero-out the commit
object name on the mbox "From " line.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* The infrastructure to rewrite "git submodule" in C is being built
incrementally. Let's polish these early parts well enough and make
them graduate to 'next' and 'master', so that the more involved
follow-up can start cooking on a solid ground.
* Some features from "git tag -l" and "git branch -l" have been made
available to "git for-each-ref" so that eventually the unified
implementation can be shared across all three. The version merged
to the 'master' branch earlier had a performance regression in "tag
--contains", which has since been corrected.
* Because "test_when_finished" in our test framework queues the
clean-up tasks to be done in a shell variable, it should not be
used inside a subshell. Add a mechanism to allow 'bash' to catch
such uses, and fix the ones that were found.
* The debugging infrastructure for pkt-line based communication has
been improved to mark the side-band communication specifically.
* Update "git branch" that list existing branches, using the
ref-filter API that is shared with "git tag" and "git
for-each-ref".
* The test for various line-ending conversions has been enhanced.
* A few test scripts around "git p4" have been improved for
portability.
* Many allocations that is manually counted (correctly) that are
followed by strcpy/sprintf have been replaced with a less error
prone constructs such as xstrfmt.
* The internal stripspace() function has been moved to where it
logically belongs to, i.e. strbuf API, and the command line parser
of "git stripspace" has been updated to use the parse_options API.
* "git am" used to spawn "git mailinfo" via run_command() API once
per each patch, but learned to make a direct call to mailinfo()
instead.
* The implementation of "git mailinfo" was refactored so that a
mailinfo() function can be directly called from inside a process.
* With a "debug" helper, debugging of a single "git" invocation in
our test scripts has become a lot easier.
* The "configure" script did not test for -lpthread correctly, which
upset some linkers.
* Cross completed task off of subtree project's todo list.
* Test cleanups for the subtree project.
* Clean up style in an ancient test t9300.
* Work around some test flakiness with p4d.
* Fsck did not correctly detect a NUL-truncated header in a tag.
* Use a safer behavior when we hit errors verifying remote certificates.
* Speed up filter-branch for cases where we only care about rewriting
commits, not tree data.
* The parse-options API has been updated to make "-h" command line
option work more consistently in all commands.
* "git svn rebase/mkdirs" got optimized by keeping track of empty
directories better.
* Fix some racy client/server tests by treating SIGPIPE the same as a
normal non-zero exit.
* The necessary infrastructure to build topics using the free Travis
CI has been added. Developers forking from this topic (and enabling
Travis) can do their own builds, and we can turn on auto-builds for
git/git (including build-status for pull requests that people
open).
* The write(2) emulation for Windows learned to set errno to EPIPE
when necessary.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.6
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.6 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* Very small number of options take a parameter that is optional
(which is not a great UI element as they can only appear at the end
of the command line). Add notice to documentation of each and
every one of them.
* "git blame --first-parent v1.0..v2.0" was not rejected but did not
limit the blame to commits on the first parent chain.
* "git subtree" (in contrib/) now can take whitespaces in the
pathnames, not only in the in-tree pathname but the name of the
directory that the repository is in.
* The ssh transport, just like any other transport over the network,
did not clear GIT_* environment variables, but it is possible to
use SendEnv and AcceptEnv to leak them to the remote invocation of
Git, which is not a good idea at all. Explicitly clear them just
like we do for the local transport.
* Correct "git p4 --detect-labels" so that it does not fail to create
a tag that points at a commit that is also being imported.
* The Makefile always runs the library archiver with hardcoded "crs"
options, which was inconvenient for exotic platforms on which
people want to use programs with totally different set of command
line options.
* Customization to change the behaviour with "make -w" and "make -s"
in our Makefile was broken when they were used together.
* Allocation related functions and stdio are unsafe things to call
inside a signal handler, and indeed killing the pager can cause
glibc to deadlock waiting on allocation mutex as our signal handler
tries to free() some data structures in wait_for_pager(). Reduce
these unsafe calls.
* The way how --ref/--notes to specify the notes tree reference are
DWIMmed was not clearly documented.
* "git gc" used to barf when a symbolic ref has gone dangling
(e.g. the branch that used to be your upstream's default when you
cloned from it is now gone, and you did "fetch --prune").
* "git clone --dissociate" runs a big "git repack" process at the
end, and it helps to close file descriptors that are open on the
packs and their idx files before doing so on filesystems that
cannot remove a file that is still open.
* Description of the "log.follow" configuration variable in "git log"
documentation is now also copied to "git config" documentation.
* "git rebase -i" had a minor regression recently, which stopped
considering a line that begins with an indented '#' in its insn
sheet not a comment. Further, the code was still too picky on
Windows where CRLF left by the editor is turned into a trailing CR
on the line read via the "read" built-in command of bash. Both of
these issues are now fixed.
* After "git checkout --detach", "git status" reported a fairly
useless "HEAD detached at HEAD", instead of saying at which exact
commit.
* When "git send-email" wanted to talk over Net::SMTP::SSL,
Net::Cmd::datasend() did not like to be fed too many bytes at the
same time and failed to send messages. Send the payload one line
at a time to work around the problem.
* When "git am" was rewritten as a built-in, it stopped paying
attention to user.signingkey, which was fixed.
* It was not possible to use a repository-lookalike created by "git
worktree add" as a local source of "git clone".
* On a case insensitive filesystems, setting GIT_WORK_TREE variable
using a random cases that does not agree with what the filesystem
thinks confused Git that it wasn't inside the working tree.
* Performance-measurement tests did not work without an installed Git.
* A test script for the HTTP service had a timing dependent bug,
which was fixed.
* There were some classes of errors that "git fsck" diagnosed to its
standard error that did not cause it to exit with non-zero status.
* Work around "git p4" failing when the P4 depot records the contents
in UTF-16 without UTF-16 BOM.
* When "git gc --auto" is backgrounded, its diagnosis message is
lost. Save it to a file in $GIT_DIR and show it next time the "gc
--auto" is run.
* The submodule code has been taught to work better with separate
work trees created via "git worktree add".
* "git gc" is safe to run anytime only because it has the built-in
grace period to protect young objects. In order to run with no
grace period, the user must make sure that the repository is
quiescent.
* A recent "filter-branch --msg-filter" broke skipping of the commit
object header, which is fixed.
* The normalize_ceiling_entry() function does not muck with the end
of the path it accepts, and the real world callers do rely on that,
but a test insisted that the function drops a trailing slash.
* A test for interaction between untracked cache and sparse checkout
added in Git 2.5 days were flaky.
* A couple of commands still showed "[options]" in their usage string
to note where options should come on their command line, but we
spell that "[<options>]" in most places these days.
* The synopsis text and the usage string of subcommands that read
list of things from the standard input are often shown as if they
only take input from a file on a filesystem, which was misleading.
* "git am -3" had a small regression where it is aborted in its error
handling codepath when underlying merge-recursive failed in certain
ways, as it assumed that the internal call to merge-recursive will
never die, which is not the case (yet).
* The linkage order of libraries was wrong in places around libcurl.
* The name-hash subsystem that is used to cope with case insensitive
filesystems keeps track of directories and their on-filesystem
cases for all the paths in the index by holding a pointer to a
randomly chosen cache entry that is inside the directory (for its
ce->ce_name component). This pointer was not updated even when the
cache entry was removed from the index, leading to use after free.
This was fixed by recording the path for each directory instead of
borrowing cache entries and restructuring the API somewhat.
* "git merge-file" tried to signal how many conflicts it found, which
obviously would not work well when there are too many of them.
* The error message from "git blame --contents --reverse" incorrectly
talked about "--contents --children".
* "git imap-send" did not compile well with older version of cURL library.
* Merging a branch that removes a path and another that changes the
mode bits on the same path should have conflicted at the path, but
it didn't and silently favoured the removal.
* "git --literal-pathspecs add -u/-A" without any command line
argument misbehaved ever since Git 2.0.
* "git daemon" uses "run_command()" without "finish_command()", so it
needs to release resources itself, which it forgot to do.
* "git status --branch --short" accessed beyond the constant string
"HEAD", which has been corrected.
* We peek objects from submodule's object store by linking it to the
list of alternate object databases, but the code to do so forgot to
correctly initialize the list.
* The code to prepare the working tree side of temporary directory
for the "dir-diff" feature forgot that symbolic links need not be
copied (or symlinked) to the temporary area, as the code already
special cases and overwrites them. Besides, it was wrong to try
computing the object name of the target of symbolic link, which may
not even exist or may be a directory.
* A Range: request can be responded with a full response and when
asked properly libcurl knows how to strip the result down to the
requested range. However, we were hand-crafting a range request
and it did not kick in.
* Having a leftover .idx file without corresponding .pack file in
the repository hurts performance; "git gc" learned to prune them.
* Apple's common crypto implementation of SHA1_Update() does not take
more than 4GB at a time, and we now have a compile-time workaround
for it.
* Produce correct "dirty" marker for shell prompts, even when we
are on an orphan or an unborn branch.
* A build without NO_IPv6 used to use gethostbyname() when guessing
user's hostname, instead of getaddrinfo() that is used in other
codepaths in such a build.
* The exit code of git-fsck did not reflect some types of errors
found in packed objects, which has been corrected.
* The helper used to iterate over loose object directories to prune
stale objects did not closedir() immediately when it is done with a
directory--a callback such as the one used for "git prune" may want
to do rmdir(), but it would fail on open directory on platforms
such as WinXP.
* "git p4" used to import Perforce CLs that touch only paths outside
the client spec as empty commits. It has been corrected to ignore
them instead, with a new configuration git-p4.keepEmptyCommits as a
backward compatibility knob.
* The completion script (in contrib/) used to list "git column"
(which is not an end-user facing command) as one of the choices
(merge 160fcdb sg/completion-no-column later to maint).
* The error reporting from "git send-email", when SMTP TLS fails, has
been improved.
(merge 9d60524 jk/send-email-ssl-errors later to maint).
* When getpwuid() on the system returned NULL (e.g. the user is not
in the /etc/passwd file or other uid-to-name mappings), the
codepath to find who the user is to record it in the reflog barfed
and died. Loosen the check in this codepath, which already accepts
questionable ident string (e.g. host part of the e-mail address is
obviously bogus), and in general when we operate fmt_ident() function
in non-strict mode.
(merge 92bcbb9 jk/ident-loosen-getpwuid later to maint).
* "git symbolic-ref" forgot to report a failure with its exit status.
(merge f91b273 jk/symbolic-ref-maint later to maint).
* History traversal with "git log --source" that starts with an
annotated tag failed to report the tag as "source", due to an
old regression in the command line parser back in v2.2 days.
(merge 728350b jk/pending-keep-tag-name later to maint).
* "git p4" when interacting with multiple depots at the same time
used to incorrectly drop changes.
* Code clean-up, minor fixes etc.

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Git v2.7.1 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.7
----------------
* An earlier change in 2.5.x-era broke users' hooks and aliases by
exporting GIT_WORK_TREE to point at the root of the working tree,
interfering when they tried to use a different working tree without
setting GIT_WORK_TREE environment themselves.
* The "exclude_list" structure has the usual "alloc, nr" pair of
fields to be used by ALLOC_GROW(), but clear_exclude_list() forgot
to reset 'alloc' to 0 when it cleared 'nr' to discard the managed
array.
* "git send-email" was confused by escaped quotes stored in the alias
files saved by "mutt", which has been corrected.
* A few unportable C construct have been spotted by clang compiler
and have been fixed.
* The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
the '--signoff' option and DCO.
* "git reflog" incorrectly assumed that all objects that used to be
at the tip of a ref must be commits, which caused it to segfault.
* The ignore mechanism saw a few regressions around untracked file
listing and sparse checkout selection areas in 2.7.0; the change
that is responsible for the regression has been reverted.
* Some codepaths used fopen(3) when opening a fixed path in $GIT_DIR
(e.g. COMMIT_EDITMSG) that is meant to be left after the command is
done. This however did not work well if the repository is set to
be shared with core.sharedRepository and the umask of the previous
user is tighter. They have been made to work better by calling
unlink(2) and retrying after fopen(3) fails with EPERM.
* Asking gitweb for a nonexistent commit left a warning in the server
log.
* "git rebase", unlike all other callers of "gc --auto", did not
ignore the exit code from "gc --auto".
* Many codepaths that run "gc --auto" before exiting kept packfiles
mapped and left the file descriptors to them open, which was not
friendly to systems that cannot remove files that are open. They
now close the packs before doing so.
* A recent optimization to filter-branch in v2.7.0 introduced a
regression when --prune-empty filter is used, which has been
corrected.
* The description for SANITY prerequisite the test suite uses has
been clarified both in the comment and in the implementation.
* "git tag" started listing a tag "foo" as "tags/foo" when a branch
named "foo" exists in the same repository; remove this unnecessary
disambiguation, which is a regression introduced in v2.7.0.
* The way "git svn" uses auth parameter was broken by Subversion
1.9.0 and later.
* The "split" subcommand of "git subtree" (in contrib/) incorrectly
skipped merges when it shouldn't, which was corrected.
* A few options of "git diff" did not work well when the command was
run from a subdirectory.
* dirname() emulation has been added, as Msys2 lacks it.
* The underlying machinery used by "ls-files -o" and other commands
have been taught not to create empty submodule ref cache for a
directory that is not a submodule. This removes a ton of wasted
CPU cycles.
* Drop a few old "todo" items by deciding that the change one of them
suggests is not such a good idea, and doing the change the other
one suggested to do.
* Documentation for "git fetch --depth" has been updated for clarity.
* The command line completion learned a handful of additional options
and command specific syntax.
Also includes a handful of documentation and test updates.

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Git v2.7.2 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.7.1
------------------
* The low-level merge machinery has been taught to use CRLF line
termination when inserting conflict markers to merged contents that
are themselves CRLF line-terminated.
* "git worktree" had a broken code that attempted to auto-fix
possible inconsistency that results from end-users moving a
worktree to different places without telling Git (the original
repository needs to maintain backpointers to its worktrees, but
"mv" run by end-users who are not familiar with that fact will
obviously not adjust them), which actually made things worse
when triggered.
* "git push --force-with-lease" has been taught to report if the push
needed to force (or fast-forwarded).
* The emulated "yes" command used in our test scripts has been
tweaked not to spend too much time generating unnecessary output
that is not used, to help those who test on Windows where it would
not stop until it fills the pipe buffer due to lack of SIGPIPE.
* The vimdiff backend for "git mergetool" has been tweaked to arrange
and number buffers in the order that would match the expectation of
majority of people who read left to right, then top down and assign
buffers 1 2 3 4 "mentally" to local base remote merge windows based
on that order.
* The documentation for "git clean" has been corrected; it mentioned
that .git/modules/* are removed by giving two "-f", which has never
been the case.
* Paths that have been told the index about with "add -N" are not
quite yet in the index, but a few commands behaved as if they
already are in a harmful way.
Also includes tiny documentation and test updates.

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Git v2.7.3 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.7.2
------------------
* Traditionally, the tests that try commands that work on the
contents in the working tree were named with "worktree" in their
filenames, but with the recent addition of "git worktree"
subcommand, whose tests are also named similarly, it has become
harder to tell them apart. The traditional tests have been renamed
to use "work-tree" instead in an attempt to differentiate them.
* Many codepaths forget to check return value from git_config_set();
the function is made to die() to make sure we do not proceed when
setting a configuration variable failed.
* Handling of errors while writing into our internal asynchronous
process has been made more robust, which reduces flakiness in our
tests.
* "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
characters in a tree object.
* "git rev-parse --git-common-dir" used in the worktree feature
misbehaved when run from a subdirectory.
* The "v(iew)" subcommand of the interactive "git am -i" command was
broken in 2.6.0 timeframe when the command was rewritten in C.
* "git merge-tree" used to mishandle "both sides added" conflict with
its own "create a fake ancestor file that has the common parts of
what both sides have added and do a 3-way merge" logic; this has
been updated to use the usual "3-way merge with an empty blob as
the fake common ancestor file" approach used in the rest of the
system.
* The memory ownership rule of fill_textconv() API, which was a bit
tricky, has been documented a bit better.
* The documentation did not clearly state that the 'simple' mode is
now the default for "git push" when push.default configuration is
not set.
* Recent versions of GNU grep are pickier when their input contains
arbitrary binary data, which some of our tests uses. Rewrite the
tests to sidestep the problem.
* A helper function "git submodule" uses since v2.7.0 to list the
modules that match the pathspec argument given to its subcommands
(e.g. "submodule add <repo> <path>") has been fixed.
* "git config section.var value" to set a value in per-repository
configuration file failed when it was run outside any repository,
but didn't say the reason correctly.
* The code to read the pack data using the offsets stored in the pack
idx file has been made more carefully check the validity of the
data in the idx.
Also includes documentation and test updates.

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Git v2.7.4 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.7.3
------------------
* Bugfix patches were backported from the 'master' front to plug heap
corruption holes, to catch integer overflow in the computation of
pathname lengths, and to get rid of the name_path API. Both of
these would have resulted in writing over an under-allocated buffer
when formulating pathnames while tree traversal.

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Git 2.8 Release Notes
=====================
Backward compatibility note
---------------------------
The rsync:// transport has been removed.
Updates since v2.7
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* It turns out "git clone" over rsync transport has been broken when
the source repository has packed references for a long time, and
nobody noticed nor complained about it.
* "push" learned that its "--delete" option can be shortened to
"-d", just like "branch --delete" and "branch -d" are the same
thing.
* "git blame" learned to produce the progress eye-candy when it takes
too much time before emitting the first line of the result.
* "git grep" can now be configured (or told from the command line)
how many threads to use when searching in the working tree files.
* Some "git notes" operations, e.g. "git log --notes=<note>", should
be able to read notes from any tree-ish that is shaped like a notes
tree, but the notes infrastructure required that the argument must
be a ref under refs/notes/. Loosen it to require a valid ref only
when the operation would update the notes (in which case we must
have a place to store the updated notes tree, iow, a ref).
* "git grep" by default does not fall back to its "--no-index"
behavior outside a directory under Git's control (otherwise the
user may by mistake end up running a huge recursive search); with a
new configuration (set in $HOME/.gitconfig--by definition this
cannot be set in the config file per project), this safety can be
disabled.
* "git pull --rebase" has been extended to allow invoking
"rebase -i".
* "git p4" learned to cope with the type of a file getting changed.
* "git format-patch" learned to notice format.outputDirectory
configuration variable. This allows "-o <dir>" option to be
omitted on the command line if you always use the same directory in
your workflow.
* "interpret-trailers" has been taught to optionally update a file in
place, instead of always writing the result to the standard output.
* Many commands that read files that are expected to contain text
that is generated (or can be edited) by the end user to control
their behavior (e.g. "git grep -f <filename>") have been updated
to be more tolerant to lines that are terminated with CRLF (they
used to treat such a line to contain payload that ends with CR,
which is usually not what the users expect).
* "git notes merge" used to limit the source of the merged notes tree
to somewhere under refs/notes/ hierarchy, which was too limiting
when inventing a workflow to exchange notes with remote
repositories using remote-tracking notes trees (located in e.g.
refs/remote-notes/ or somesuch).
* "git ls-files" learned a new "--eol" option to help diagnose
end-of-line problems.
* "ls-remote" learned an option to show which branch the remote
repository advertises as its primary by pointing its HEAD at.
* New http.proxyAuthMethod configuration variable can be used to
specify what authentication method to use, as a way to work around
proxies that do not give error response expected by libcurl when
CURLAUTH_ANY is used. Also, the codepath for proxy authentication
has been taught to use credential API to store the authentication
material in user's keyrings.
* Update the untracked cache subsystem and change its primary UI from
"git update-index" to "git config".
* There were a few "now I am doing this thing" progress messages in
the TCP connection code that can be triggered by setting a verbose
option internally in the code, but "git fetch -v" and friends never
passed the verbose option down to that codepath.
* Clean/smudge filters defined in a configuration file of lower
precedence can now be overridden to be a pass-through no-op by
setting the variable to an empty string.
* A new "<branch>^{/!-<pattern>}" notation can be used to name a
commit that is reachable from <branch> that does not match the
given <pattern>.
* The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable can be used to
force the user to always set user.email & user.name configuration
variables, serving as a reminder for those who work on multiple
projects and do not want to put these in their $HOME/.gitconfig.
* "git fetch" and friends that make network connections can now be
told to only use ipv4 (or ipv6).
* Some authentication methods do not need username or password, but
libcurl needs some hint that it needs to perform authentication.
Supplying an empty username and password string is a valid way to
do so, but you can set the http.[<url>.]emptyAuth configuration
variable to achieve the same, if you find it cleaner.
* You can now set http.[<url>.]pinnedpubkey to specify the pinned
public key when building with recent enough versions of libcURL.
* The configuration system has been taught to phrase where it found a
bad configuration variable in a better way in its error messages.
"git config" learnt a new "--show-origin" option to indicate where
the values come from.
* The "credential-cache" daemon process used to run in whatever
directory it happened to start in, but this made umount(2)ing the
filesystem that houses the repository harder; now the process
chdir()s to the directory that house its own socket on startup.
* When "git submodule update" did not result in fetching the commit
object in the submodule that is referenced by the superproject, the
command learned to retry another fetch, specifically asking for
that commit that may not be connected to the refs it usually
fetches.
* "git merge-recursive" learned "--no-renames" option to disable its
rename detection logic.
* Across the transition at around Git version 2.0, the user used to
get a pretty loud warning when running "git push" without setting
push.default configuration variable. We no longer warn because the
transition was completed a long time ago.
* README has been renamed to README.md and its contents got tweaked
slightly to make it easier on the eyes.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* Add a framework to spawn a group of processes in parallel, and use
it to run "git fetch --recurse-submodules" in parallel.
* A slight update to the Makefile to mark ".PHONY" targets as such
correctly.
* In-core storage of the reverse index for .pack files (which lets
you go from a pack offset to an object name) has been streamlined.
* d95138e6 (setup: set env $GIT_WORK_TREE when work tree is set, like
$GIT_DIR, 2015-06-26) attempted to work around a glitch in alias
handling by overwriting GIT_WORK_TREE environment variable to
affect subprocesses when set_git_work_tree() gets called, which
resulted in a rather unpleasant regression to "clone" and "init".
Try to address the same issue by always restoring the environment
and respawning the real underlying command when handling alias.
* The low-level code that is used to create symbolic references has
been updated to share more code with the code that deals with
normal references.
* strbuf_getline() and friends have been redefined to make it easier
to identify which callsite of (new) strbuf_getline_lf() should
allow and silently ignore carriage-return at the end of the line to
help users on DOSsy systems.
* "git shortlog" used to accumulate various pieces of information
regardless of what was asked to be shown in the final output. It
has been optimized by noticing what need not to be collected
(e.g. there is no need to collect the log messages when showing
only the number of changes).
* "git checkout $branch" (and other operations that share the same
underlying machinery) has been optimized.
* Automated tests in Travis CI environment has been optimized by
persisting runtime statistics of previous "prove" run, executing
tests that take longer before other ones; this reduces the total
wallclock time.
* Test scripts have been updated to remove assumptions that are not
portable between Git for POSIX and Git for Windows, or to skip ones
with expectations that are not satisfiable on Git for Windows.
* Some calls to strcpy(3) triggers a false warning from static
analyzers that are less intelligent than humans, and reducing the
number of these false hits helps us notice real issues. A few
calls to strcpy(3) in a couple of protrams that are already safe
has been rewritten to avoid false warnings.
* The "name_path" API was an attempt to reduce the need to construct
the full path out of a series of path components while walking a
tree hierarchy, but over time made less efficient because the path
needs to be flattened, e.g. to be compared with another path that
is already flat. The API has been removed and its users have been
rewritten to simplify the overall code complexity.
* Help those who debug http(s) part of the system.
(merge 0054045 sp/remote-curl-ssl-strerror later to maint).
* The internal API to interact with "remote.*" configuration
variables has been streamlined.
* The ref-filter's format-parsing code has been refactored, in
preparation for "branch --format" and friends.
* Traditionally, the tests that try commands that work on the
contents in the working tree were named with "worktree" in their
filenames, but with the recent addition of "git worktree"
subcommand, whose tests are also named similarly, it has become
harder to tell them apart. The traditional tests have been renamed
to use "work-tree" instead in an attempt to differentiate them.
(merge 5549029 mg/work-tree-tests later to maint).
* Many codepaths forget to check return value from git_config_set();
the function is made to die() to make sure we do not proceed when
setting a configuration variable failed.
(merge 3d18064 ps/config-error later to maint).
* Handling of errors while writing into our internal asynchronous
process has been made more robust, which reduces flakiness in our
tests.
(merge 43f3afc jk/epipe-in-async later to maint).
* There is a new DEVELOPER knob that enables many compiler warning
options in the Makefile.
* The way the test scripts configure the Apache web server has been
updated to work also for Apache 2.4 running on RedHat derived
distros.
* Out of maintenance gcc on OSX 10.6 fails to compile the code in
'master'; work it around by using clang by default on the platform.
* The "name_path" API was an attempt to reduce the need to construct
the full path out of a series of path components while walking a
tree hierarchy, but over time made less efficient because the path
needs to be flattened, e.g. to be compared with another path that
is already flat, in many cases. The API has been removed and its
users have been rewritten to simplify the overall code complexity.
This incidentally also closes some heap-corruption holes.
* Recent versions of GNU grep is pickier than before to decide if a
file is "binary" and refuse to give line-oriented hits when we
expect it to, unless explicitly told with "-a" option. As our
scripted Porcelains use sane_grep wrapper for line-oriented data,
even when the line may contain non-ASCII payload we took from
end-user data, use "grep -a" to implement sane_grep wrapper when
using an implementation of "grep" that takes the "-a" option.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.7
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.7 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* An earlier change in 2.5.x-era broke users' hooks and aliases by
exporting GIT_WORK_TREE to point at the root of the working tree,
interfering when they tried to use a different working tree without
setting GIT_WORK_TREE environment themselves.
* The "exclude_list" structure has the usual "alloc, nr" pair of
fields to be used by ALLOC_GROW(), but clear_exclude_list() forgot
to reset 'alloc' to 0 when it cleared 'nr' to discard the managed
array.
* Paths that have been told the index about with "add -N" are not
quite yet in the index, but a few commands behaved as if they
already are in a harmful way.
* "git send-email" was confused by escaped quotes stored in the alias
files saved by "mutt", which has been corrected.
* A few non-portable C construct have been spotted by clang compiler
and have been fixed.
* The documentation has been updated to hint the connection between
the '--signoff' option and DCO.
* "git reflog" incorrectly assumed that all objects that used to be
at the tip of a ref must be commits, which caused it to segfault.
* The ignore mechanism saw a few regressions around untracked file
listing and sparse checkout selection areas in 2.7.0; the change
that is responsible for the regression has been reverted.
* Some codepaths used fopen(3) when opening a fixed path in $GIT_DIR
(e.g. COMMIT_EDITMSG) that is meant to be left after the command is
done. This however did not work well if the repository is set to
be shared with core.sharedRepository and the umask of the previous
user is tighter. They have been made to work better by calling
unlink(2) and retrying after fopen(3) fails with EPERM.
* Asking gitweb for a nonexistent commit left a warning in the server
log.
Somebody may want to follow this up with an additional test, perhaps?
IIRC, we do test that no Perl warnings are given to the server log,
so this should have been caught if our test coverage were good.
* "git rebase", unlike all other callers of "gc --auto", did not
ignore the exit code from "gc --auto".
* Many codepaths that run "gc --auto" before exiting kept packfiles
mapped and left the file descriptors to them open, which was not
friendly to systems that cannot remove files that are open. They
now close the packs before doing so.
* A recent optimization to filter-branch in v2.7.0 introduced a
regression when --prune-empty filter is used, which has been
corrected.
* The description for SANITY prerequisite the test suite uses has
been clarified both in the comment and in the implementation.
* "git tag" started listing a tag "foo" as "tags/foo" when a branch
named "foo" exists in the same repository; remove this unnecessary
disambiguation, which is a regression introduced in v2.7.0.
* The way "git svn" uses auth parameter was broken by Subversion
1.9.0 and later.
* The "split" subcommand of "git subtree" (in contrib/) incorrectly
skipped merges when it shouldn't, which was corrected.
* A few options of "git diff" did not work well when the command was
run from a subdirectory.
* The command line completion learned a handful of additional options
and command specific syntax.
* dirname() emulation has been added, as Msys2 lacks it.
* The underlying machinery used by "ls-files -o" and other commands
has been taught not to create empty submodule ref cache for a
directory that is not a submodule. This removes a ton of wasted
CPU cycles.
* "git worktree" had a broken code that attempted to auto-fix
possible inconsistency that results from end-users moving a
worktree to different places without telling Git (the original
repository needs to maintain back-pointers to its worktrees,
but "mv" run by end-users who are not familiar with that fact
will obviously not adjust them), which actually made things
worse when triggered.
* The low-level merge machinery has been taught to use CRLF line
termination when inserting conflict markers to merged contents that
are themselves CRLF line-terminated.
* "git push --force-with-lease" has been taught to report if the push
needed to force (or fast-forwarded).
* The emulated "yes" command used in our test scripts has been
tweaked not to spend too much time generating unnecessary output
that is not used, to help those who test on Windows where it would
not stop until it fills the pipe buffer due to lack of SIGPIPE.
* The documentation for "git clean" has been corrected; it mentioned
that .git/modules/* are removed by giving two "-f", which has never
been the case.
* The vimdiff backend for "git mergetool" has been tweaked to arrange
and number buffers in the order that would match the expectation of
majority of people who read left to right, then top down and assign
buffers 1 2 3 4 "mentally" to local base remote merge windows based
on that order.
* "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
characters in a tree object.
(merge aac4fac nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
* "git rev-parse --git-common-dir" used in the worktree feature
misbehaved when run from a subdirectory.
(merge 17f1365 nd/git-common-dir-fix later to maint).
* "git worktree add -B <branchname>" did not work.
* The "v(iew)" subcommand of the interactive "git am -i" command was
broken in 2.6.0 timeframe when the command was rewritten in C.
(merge 708b8cc jc/am-i-v-fix later to maint).
* "git merge-tree" used to mishandle "both sides added" conflict with
its own "create a fake ancestor file that has the common parts of
what both sides have added and do a 3-way merge" logic; this has
been updated to use the usual "3-way merge with an empty blob as
the fake common ancestor file" approach used in the rest of the
system.
(merge 907681e jk/no-diff-emit-common later to maint).
* The memory ownership rule of fill_textconv() API, which was a bit
tricky, has been documented a bit better.
(merge a64e6a4 jk/more-comments-on-textconv later to maint).
* Update various codepaths to avoid manually-counted malloc().
(merge 08c95df jk/tighten-alloc later to maint).
* The documentation did not clearly state that the 'simple' mode is
now the default for "git push" when push.default configuration is
not set.
(merge f6b1fb3 mm/push-simple-doc later to maint).
* Recent versions of GNU grep are pickier when their input contains
arbitrary binary data, which some of our tests uses. Rewrite the
tests to sidestep the problem.
(merge 3b1442d jk/grep-binary-workaround-in-test later to maint).
* A helper function "git submodule" uses since v2.7.0 to list the
modules that match the pathspec argument given to its subcommands
(e.g. "submodule add <repo> <path>") has been fixed.
(merge 2b56bb7 sb/submodule-module-list-fix later to maint).
* "git config section.var value" to set a value in per-repository
configuration file failed when it was run outside any repository,
but didn't say the reason correctly.
(merge 638fa62 js/config-set-in-non-repository later to maint).
* The code to read the pack data using the offsets stored in the pack
idx file has been made more carefully check the validity of the
data in the idx.
(merge 7465feb jk/pack-idx-corruption-safety later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
(merge f459823 ak/extract-argv0-last-dir-sep later to maint).
(merge 63ca1c0 ak/git-strip-extension-from-dashed-command later to maint).
(merge 4867f11 ps/plug-xdl-merge-leak later to maint).
(merge 4938686 dt/initial-ref-xn-commit-doc later to maint).
(merge 9537f21 ma/update-hooks-sample-typofix later to maint).

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Git v2.8.1 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.8
----------------
* "make rpmbuild" target was broken as its input, git.spec.in, was
not updated to match a file it describes that has been renamed
recently. This has been fixed.

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Git v2.8.2 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.8.1
------------------
* The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
array of strings.
* Bunch of tests on "git clone" has been renumbered for better
organization.
* The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
* "index-pack --keep=<msg>" was broken since v2.1.0 timeframe.
* "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
when there was no matching configuration.
* The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
* Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
work across remote-curl transport.
* A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
code.
* strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
corner cases in its error codepath.
* The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a
repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
references when we are not in a repository.
* "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
deleted.
* "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
* When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
"git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
messages from all the squashed commits.
* "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
* Build updates for MSVC.
* "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
* "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
* When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
"git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been
corrected.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

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Git v2.8.3 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.8.2
------------------
* "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
formulating a message ID.
* The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
Git repository.
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
* "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option
from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
* A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
branch we locally checked out).
* A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has
been corrected.
* "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
* Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
not work well.
* The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
* "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
* On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary"
pattern.
This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is
already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also
has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
and http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/275680.
* "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
* Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
* "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
from the root level of the superproject.
* The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
where the installed version of Python is python 3.
* The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user
experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
relying on the auto-detection at all.
* "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
* "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
* A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
has been updated.
* Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
* Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
gitweb.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

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Git v2.8.4 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.8.3
------------------
* Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
* On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
customize this behaviour.
* Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
* "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
potential error and warn.
* CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
* Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
which are all fixed with this.
* "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been
updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
commit."
* Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running
our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
being tested intact.
* "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
* When de-initialising all submodules, "git submodule deinit" gave a
faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit .", which would
result in a strange error message in a pathological corner case.
This has been corrected to suggest "submodule deinit --all" instead.
* Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
* A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
* "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
dir-diff mode.
* The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
Also contains other minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

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Git 2.9 Release Notes
=====================
Backward compatibility notes
----------------------------
The end-user facing Porcelain level commands in the "git diff" and
"git log" family by default enable the rename detection; you can still
use "diff.renames" configuration variable to disable this.
Merging two branches that have no common ancestor with "git merge" is
by default forbidden now to prevent creating such an unusual merge by
mistake.
The output formats of "git log" that indents the commit log message by
4 spaces now expands HT in the log message by default. You can use
the "--no-expand-tabs" option to disable this.
"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
variable, which was an ancient mistake, which this release corrects.
A script that drives commit-tree, if it relies on this mistake, now
needs to read commit.gpgsign and pass the -S option as necessary.
Updates since v2.8
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
* Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/).
* The end-user facing commands like "git diff" and "git log"
now enable the rename detection by default.
* The credential.helper configuration variable is cumulative and
there is no good way to override it from the command line. As
a special case, giving an empty string as its value now serves
as the signal to clear the values specified in various files.
* A new "interactive.diffFilter" configuration can be used to
customize the diff shown in "git add -i" sessions.
* "git p4" now allows P4 author names to be mapped to Git author
names.
* "git rebase -x" can be used without passing "-i" option.
* "git -c credential.<var>=<value> submodule" can now be used to
propagate configuration variables related to credential helper
down to the submodules.
* "git tag" can create an annotated tag without explicitly given an
"-a" (or "-s") option (i.e. when a tag message is given). A new
configuration variable, tag.forceSignAnnotated, can be used to tell
the command to create signed tag in such a situation.
* "git merge" used to allow merging two branches that have no common
base by default, which led to a brand new history of an existing
project created and then get pulled by an unsuspecting maintainer,
which allowed an unnecessary parallel history merged into the
existing project. The command has been taught not to allow this by
default, with an escape hatch "--allow-unrelated-histories" option
to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects
that started their lives independently.
* "git pull" has been taught to pass the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
option to underlying "git merge".
* "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were
skipped via --include/--exclude mechanism or being outside the
current working directory.
* Shell completion (in contrib/) updates.
* The commit object name reported when "rebase -i" stops has been
shortened.
* "git worktree add" can be given "--no-checkout" option to only
create an empty worktree without checking out the files.
* "git mergetools" learned to drive ExamDiff.
* "git pull --rebase" learned "--[no-]autostash" option, so that
the rebase.autostash configuration variable set to true can be
overridden from the command line.
* When "git log" shows the log message indented by 4-spaces, the
remainder of a line after a HT does not align in the way the author
originally intended. The command now expands tabs by default to help
such a case, and allows the users to override it with a new option,
"--no-expand-tabs".
* "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
formulating a message ID.
* "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict
signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was
no way to record these separate resolutions.
* "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from
the history in Perforce.
* "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
tag to name a given commit, because it tried to come up
with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been
updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
commit."
* "git clone" learned the "--shallow-submodules" option.
* HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
* The "--compaction-heuristic" option to "git diff" family of
commands enables a heuristic to make the patch output more readable
by using a blank line as a strong hint that the contents before and
after it belong to logically separate units. It is still
experimental.
* A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
where the hook directory is.
* An earlier addition of "sanitize_submodule_env" with 14111fc4 (git:
submodule honor -c credential.* from command line, 2016-02-29)
turned out to be a convoluted no-op; implement what it wanted to do
correctly, and stop filtering settings given via "git -c var=val".
* "git commit --dry-run" reported "No, no, you cannot commit." in one
case where "git commit" would have allowed you to commit, and this
improves it a little bit ("git commit --dry-run --short" still does
not give you the correct answer, for example). This is a stop-gap
measure in that "commit --short --dry-run" still gives an incorrect
result.
* The experimental "multiple worktree" feature gains more safety to
forbid operations on a branch that is checked out or being actively
worked on elsewhere, by noticing that e.g. it is being rebased.
* "git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what
(public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
its output.
* "git commit" learned to pay attention to the "commit.verbose"
configuration variable and act as if the "--verbose" option
was given from the command line.
* Updated documentation gives hints to GMail users with two-factor
auth enabled that they need app-specific-password when using
"git send-email".
* The manpage output of our documentation did not render well in
terminal; typeset literals in bold by default to make them stand
out more.
* The mark-up in the top-level README.md file has been updated to
typeset CLI command names differently from the body text.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
array of strings.
* A test for tags has been restructured so that more parts of it can
easily be run on a platform without a working GnuPG.
* The startup_info data, which records if we are working inside a
repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
references when we are not in a repository.
* The command line argument parser for "receive-pack" has been
rewritten to use parse-options.
* A major part of "git submodule update" has been ported to C to take
advantage of the recently added framework to run download tasks in
parallel. Other updates to "git submodule" that move pieces of
logic to C continues.
* Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization.
* The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
* Build updates for MSVC.
* The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
Git repository.
* Code restructuring around the "refs" API to prepare for pluggable
refs backends.
* Sources to many test helper binaries and the generated helpers
have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the
top level of the tree.
* Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag"
commands by making one directly call into the other.
* "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is
involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree.
* The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
where the installed version of Python is python 3.
* As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their
own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm".
* Move from "unsigned char[20]" to "struct object_id" continues.
* The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new
error_errno() reporting helper is introduced.
(merge 1da045f nd/error-errno later to maint).
* Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running
our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
being tested intact.
* t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data. Teach
test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it
expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up.
* Add perf test for "rebase -i".
* Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are
found by "make check-docs".
* t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while
fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelain commands have
also been updated to fix possible bugs around their use of
"test -z" and "test -n".
* CI test was taught to run git-svn tests.
* "git cat-file --batch-all" has been sped up, by taking advantage
of the fact that it does not have to read a list of objects, in two
ways.
* test updates to make it more readable and maintainable.
(merge e6273f4 es/t1500-modernize later to maint).
* "make DEVELOPER=1" worked as expected; setting DEVELOPER=1 in
config.mak didn't.
(merge 51dd3e8 mm/makefile-developer-can-be-in-config-mak later to maint).
* The way how "submodule--helper list" signals unmatch error to its
callers has been updated.
* A bash-ism "local" has been removed from "git submodule" scripted
Porcelain.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.8
----------------
Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.8 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
when there was no matching configuration.
* The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
* "git index-pack --keep[=<msg>] pack-$name.pack" simply did not work.
* Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
work across remote-curl transport.
* A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
code.
* strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
corner cases in its error codepath.
* "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
deleted.
* "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
* When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
"git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
messages from all the squashed commits.
* "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree,
which was wrong.
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
* "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
* "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
* "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option
from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
* When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
"git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been
corrected.
* A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
branch we locally checked out).
* A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has
been corrected.
* "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
* Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
not work well.
* Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation by updating a few API
elements we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
* The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
that socks5h:// proxies behave differently from socks5:// proxies.
* "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
* On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
hardlink it to the final name and then unlink the temporary"
pattern.
This is necessary to use Git on Windows shared directories, and is
already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also
has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
* "merge-octopus" strategy did not ensure that the index is clean
when merge begins.
* When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at
the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting
tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to
update the index, which left an inconsistent state that would
break later operations.
* "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
recurses into, but these paths were incorrectly reported when
the command was not run from the root level of the superproject.
* The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user
experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
relying on the auto-detection at all.
* "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
* "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
* "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
* mmap emulation on Windows has been optimized and work better without
consuming paging store when not needed.
* A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
has been updated.
* UI consistency improvements for "git mergetool".
* "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting
from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent
commit to the first commit on the branch.
* Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test.
* Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
* "git fetch" test t5510 was flaky while running a (forced) automagic
garbage collection.
* Documentation updates to help contributors setting up Travis CI
test for their patches.
* Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
gitweb.
* "git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
variable, which was an ancient mistake. Rework "git rebase" that
relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or
not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user
expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore
the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to
sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
"git stash".
* "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
* Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
* Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
error message in a pathological corner case.
* Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
which are all fixed with this.
* "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left
by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from
the real conflict markers left by the outermost merge which are
what the end user and "rerere" need to look at. This was fixed by
making the conflict markers left by the inner merges a bit longer.
(merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint).
* CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
* "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
potential error and warn.
* Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
* On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
customize this behaviour.
* Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
* A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
* Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
* "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
dir-diff mode.
* The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
* We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we
added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe.
(merge 462cbb4 rj/log-decorate-auto later to maint).
* "git fast-import --export-marks" would overwrite the existing marks
file even when it makes a dump from its custom die routine.
Prevent it from doing so when we have an import-marks file but
haven't finished reading it.
(merge f4beed6 fc/fast-import-broken-marks-file later to maint).
* "git rebase -i", after it fails to auto-resolve the conflict, had
an unnecessary call to "git rerere" from its very early days, which
was spotted recently; the call has been removed.
(merge 7063693 js/rebase-i-dedup-call-to-rerere later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
(merge cd82b7a pa/cherry-pick-doc-typo later to maint).
(merge 2bb73ae rs/patch-id-use-skip-prefix later to maint).
(merge aa20cbc rs/apply-name-terminate later to maint).
(merge fe17fc0 jc/t2300-setup later to maint).
(merge e256eec jk/shell-portability later to maint).

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@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
Git v2.9.1 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.9
----------------
* When "git daemon" is run without --[init-]timeout specified, a
connection from a client that silently goes offline can hang around
for a long time, wasting resources. The socket-level KEEPALIVE has
been enabled to allow the OS to notice such failed connections.
* The commands in `git log` family take %C(auto) in a custom format
string. This unconditionally turned the color on, ignoring
--no-color or with --color=auto when the output is not connected to
a tty; this was corrected to make the format truly behave as
"auto".
* "git rev-list --count" whose walk-length is limited with "-n"
option did not work well with the counting optimized to look at the
bitmap index.
* "git show -W" (extend hunks to cover the entire function, delimited
by lines that match the "funcname" pattern) used to show the entire
file when a change added an entire function at the end of the file,
which has been fixed.
* The documentation set has been updated so that literal commands,
configuration variables and environment variables are consistently
typeset in fixed-width font and bold in manpages.
* "git svn propset" subcommand that was added in 2.3 days is
documented now.
* The documentation tries to consistently spell "GPG"; when
referring to the specific program name, "gpg" is used.
* "git reflog" stopped upon seeing an entry that denotes a branch
creation event (aka "unborn"), which made it appear as if the
reflog was truncated.
* The git-prompt scriptlet (in contrib/) was not friendly with those
who uses "set -u", which has been fixed.
* A codepath that used alloca(3) to place an unbounded amount of data
on the stack has been updated to avoid doing so.
* "git update-index --add --chmod=+x file" may be usable as an escape
hatch, but not a friendly thing to force for people who do need to
use it regularly. "git add --chmod=+x file" can be used instead.
* Build improvements for gnome-keyring (in contrib/)
* "git status" used to say "working directory" when it meant "working
tree".
* Comments about misbehaving FreeBSD shells have been clarified with
the version number (9.x and before are broken, newer ones are OK).
* "git cherry-pick A" worked on an unborn branch, but "git
cherry-pick A..B" didn't.
* "git add -i/-p" learned to honor diff.compactionHeuristic
experimental knob, so that the user can work on the same hunk split
as "git diff" output.
* "log --graph --format=" learned that "%>|(N)" specifies the width
relative to the terminal's left edge, not relative to the area to
draw text that is to the right of the ancestry-graph section. It
also now accepts negative N that means the column limit is relative
to the right border.
* The ownership rule for the piece of memory that hold references to
be fetched in "git fetch" was screwy, which has been cleaned up.
* "git bisect" makes an internal call to "git diff-tree" when
bisection finds the culprit, but this call did not initialize the
data structure to pass to the diff-tree API correctly.
* Formats of the various data (and how to validate them) where we use
GPG signature have been documented.
* Fix an unintended regression in v2.9 that breaks "clone --depth"
that recurses down to submodules by forcing the submodules to also
be cloned shallowly, which many server instances that host upstream
of the submodules are not prepared for.
* Fix unnecessarily waste in the idiomatic use of ': ${VAR=default}'
to set the default value, without enclosing it in double quotes.
* Some platform-specific code had non-ANSI strict declarations of C
functions that do not take any parameters, which has been
corrected.
* The internal code used to show local timezone offset is not
prepared to handle timestamps beyond year 2100, and gave a
bogus offset value to the caller. Use a more benign looking
+0000 instead and let "git log" going in such a case, instead
of aborting.
* One among four invocations of readlink(1) in our test suite has
been rewritten so that the test can run on systems without the
command (others are in valgrind test framework and t9802).
* t/perf needs /usr/bin/time with GNU extension; the invocation of it
is updated to "gtime" on Darwin.
* A bug, which caused "git p4" while running under verbose mode to
report paths that are omitted due to branch prefix incorrectly, has
been fixed; the command said "Ignoring file outside of prefix" for
paths that are _inside_.
* The top level documentation "git help git" still pointed at the
documentation set hosted at now-defunct google-code repository.
Update it to point to https://git.github.io/htmldocs/git.html
instead.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

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@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
Git v2.9.2 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.9.1
------------------
* A fix merged to v2.9.1 had a few tests that are not meant to be
run on platforms without 64-bit long, which caused unnecessary
test failures on them because we didn't detect the platform and
skip them. These tests are now skipped on platforms that they
are not applicable to.
No other change is included in this update.

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@ -1,170 +0,0 @@
Git v2.9.3 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.9.2
------------------
* A helper function that takes the contents of a commit object and
finds its subject line did not ignore leading blank lines, as is
commonly done by other codepaths. Make it ignore leading blank
lines to match.
* Git does not know what the contents in the index should be for a
path added with "git add -N" yet, so "git grep --cached" should not
show hits (or show lack of hits, with -L) in such a path, but that
logic does not apply to "git grep", i.e. searching in the working
tree files. But we did so by mistake, which has been corrected.
* "git rebase -i --autostash" did not restore the auto-stashed change
when the operation was aborted.
* "git commit --amend --allow-empty-message -S" for a commit without
any message body could have misidentified where the header of the
commit object ends.
* More mark-up updates to typeset strings that are expected to
literally typed by the end user in fixed-width font.
* For a long time, we carried an in-code comment that said our
colored output would work only when we use fprintf/fputs on
Windows, which no longer is the case for the past few years.
* "gc.autoPackLimit" when set to 1 should not trigger a repacking
when there is only one pack, but the code counted poorly and did
so.
* One part of "git am" had an oddball helper function that called
stuff from outside "his" as opposed to calling what we have "ours",
which was not gender-neutral and also inconsistent with the rest of
the system where outside stuff is usuall called "theirs" in
contrast to "ours".
* The test framework learned a new helper test_match_signal to
check an exit code from getting killed by an expected signal.
* "git blame -M" missed a single line that was moved within the file.
* Fix recently introduced codepaths that are involved in parallel
submodule operations, which gave up on reading too early, and
could have wasted CPU while attempting to write under a corner
case condition.
* "git grep -i" has been taught to fold case in non-ascii locales
correctly.
* A test that unconditionally used "mktemp" learned that the command
is not necessarily available everywhere.
* "git blame file" allowed the lineage of lines in the uncommitted,
unadded contents of "file" to be inspected, but it refused when
"file" did not appear in the current commit. When "file" was
created by renaming an existing file (but the change has not been
committed), this restriction was unnecessarily tight.
* "git add -N dir/file && git write-tree" produced an incorrect tree
when there are other paths in the same directory that sorts after
"file".
* "git fetch http://user:pass@host/repo..." scrubbed the userinfo
part, but "git push" didn't.
* An age old bug that caused "git diff --ignore-space-at-eol"
misbehave has been fixed.
* "git notes merge" had a code to see if a path exists (and fails if
it does) and then open the path for writing (when it doesn't).
Replace it with open with O_EXCL.
* "git pack-objects" and "git index-pack" mostly operate with off_t
when talking about the offset of objects in a packfile, but there
were a handful of places that used "unsigned long" to hold that
value, leading to an unintended truncation.
* Recent update to "git daemon" tries to enable the socket-level
KEEPALIVE, but when it is spawned via inetd, the standard input
file descriptor may not necessarily be connected to a socket.
Suppress an ENOTSOCK error from setsockopt().
* Recent FreeBSD stopped making perl available at /usr/bin/perl;
switch the default the built-in path to /usr/local/bin/perl on not
too ancient FreeBSD releases.
* "git status" learned to suggest "merge --abort" during a conflicted
merge, just like it already suggests "rebase --abort" during a
conflicted rebase.
* The .c/.h sources are marked as such in our .gitattributes file so
that "git diff -W" and friends would work better.
* Existing autoconf generated test for the need to link with pthread
library did not check all the functions from pthread libraries;
recent FreeBSD has some functions in libc but not others, and we
mistakenly thought linking with libc is enough when it is not.
* Allow http daemon tests in Travis CI tests.
* Users of the parse_options_concat() API function need to allocate
extra slots in advance and fill them with OPT_END() when they want
to decide the set of supported options dynamically, which makes the
code error-prone and hard to read. This has been corrected by tweaking
the API to allocate and return a new copy of "struct option" array.
* The use of strbuf in "git rm" to build filename to remove was a bit
suboptimal, which has been fixed.
* "git commit --help" said "--no-verify" is only about skipping the
pre-commit hook, and failed to say that it also skipped the
commit-msg hook.
* "git merge" in Git v2.9 was taught to forbid merging an unrelated
lines of history by default, but that is exactly the kind of thing
the "--rejoin" mode of "git subtree" (in contrib/) wants to do.
"git subtree" has been taught to use the "--allow-unrelated-histories"
option to override the default.
* The build procedure for "git persistent-https" helper (in contrib/)
has been updated so that it can be built with more recent versions
of Go.
* There is an optimization used in "git diff $treeA $treeB" to borrow
an already checked-out copy in the working tree when it is known to
be the same as the blob being compared, expecting that open/mmap of
such a file is faster than reading it from the object store, which
involves inflating and applying delta. This however kicked in even
when the checked-out copy needs to go through the convert-to-git
conversion (including the clean filter), which defeats the whole
point of the optimization. The optimization has been disabled when
the conversion is necessary.
* "git -c grep.patternType=extended log --basic-regexp" misbehaved
because the internal API to access the grep machinery was not
designed well.
* Windows port was failing some tests in t4130, due to the lack of
inum in the returned values by its lstat(2) emulation.
* The characters in the label shown for tags/refs for commits in
"gitweb" output are now properly escaped for proper HTML output.
* FreeBSD can lie when asked mtime of a directory, which made the
untracked cache code to fall back to a slow-path, which in turn
caused tests in t7063 to fail because it wanted to verify the
behaviour of the fast-path.
* Squelch compiler warnings for netmalloc (in compat/) library.
* The API documentation for hashmap was unclear if hashmap_entry
can be safely discarded without any other consideration. State
that it is safe to do so.
* Not-so-recent rewrite of "git am" that started making internal
calls into the commit machinery had an unintended regression, in
that no matter how many seconds it took to apply many patches, the
resulting committer timestamp for the resulting commits were all
the same.
* "git difftool <paths>..." started in a subdirectory failed to
interpret the paths relative to that directory, which has been
fixed.
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

View File

@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
Git v2.9.4 Release Notes
========================
Fixes since v2.9.3
------------------
* There are certain house-keeping tasks that need to be performed at
the very beginning of any Git program, and programs that are not
built-in commands had to do them exactly the same way as "git"
potty does. It was easy to make mistakes in one-off standalone
programs (like test helpers). A common "main()" function that
calls cmd_main() of individual program has been introduced to
make it harder to make mistakes.
* "git merge" with renormalization did not work well with
merge-recursive, due to "safer crlf" conversion kicking in when it
shouldn't.
* The reflog output format is documented better, and a new format
--date=unix to report the seconds-since-epoch (without timezone)
has been added.
* "git push --force-with-lease" already had enough logic to allow
ensuring that such a push results in creation of a ref (i.e. the
receiving end did not have another push from sideways that would be
discarded by our force-pushing), but didn't expose this possibility
to the users. It does so now.
* "import-tars" fast-import script (in contrib/) used to ignore a
hardlink target and replaced it with an empty file, which has been
corrected to record the same blob as the other file the hardlink is
shared with.
* "git mv dir non-existing-dir/" did not work in some environments
the same way as existing mainstream platforms. The code now moves
"dir" to "non-existing-dir", without relying on rename("A", "B/")
that strips the trailing slash of '/'.
* The "t/" hierarchy is prone to get an unusual pathname; "make test"
has been taught to make sure they do not contain paths that cannot
be checked out on Windows (and the mechanism can be reusable to
catch pathnames that are not portable to other platforms as need
arises).
* When "git merge-recursive" works on history with many criss-cross
merges in "verbose" mode, the names the command assigns to the
virtual merge bases could have overwritten each other by unintended
reuse of the same piece of memory.
* "git checkout --detach <branch>" used to give the same advice
message as that is issued when "git checkout <tag>" (or anything
that is not a branch name) is given, but asking with "--detach" is
an explicit enough sign that the user knows what is going on. The
advice message has been squelched in this case.
* "git difftool" by default ignores the error exit from the backend
commands it spawns, because often they signal that they found
differences by exiting with a non-zero status code just like "diff"
does; the exit status codes 126 and above however are special in
that they are used to signal that the command is not executable,
does not exist, or killed by a signal. "git difftool" has been
taught to notice these exit status codes.
* On Windows, help.browser configuration variable used to be ignored,
which has been corrected.
* The "git -c var[=val] cmd" facility to append a configuration
variable definition at the end of the search order was described in
git(1) manual page, but not in git-config(1), which was more likely
place for people to look for when they ask "can I make a one-shot
override, and if so how?"
* The tempfile (hence its user lockfile) API lets the caller to open
a file descriptor to a temporary file, write into it and then
finalize it by first closing the filehandle and then either
removing or renaming the temporary file. When the process spawns a
subprocess after obtaining the file descriptor, and if the
subprocess has not exited when the attempt to remove or rename is
made, the last step fails on Windows, because the subprocess has
the file descriptor still open. Open tempfile with O_CLOEXEC flag
to avoid this (on Windows, this is mapped to O_NOINHERIT).
Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

View File

@ -61,28 +61,23 @@ Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing. See
t/README for guidance.
When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. After any code change, make
sure that the entire test suite passes.
the feature triggers the new behaviour when it should, and to show the
feature does not trigger when it shouldn't. Also make sure that the
test suite passes after your commit. Do not forget to update the
documentation to describe the updated behaviour.
If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work
on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to
test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). See
GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details.
Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated
behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats
well. It is currently a liberal mixture of US and UK English norms for
spelling and grammar, which is somewhat unfortunate. A huge patch that
touches the files all over the place only to correct the inconsistency
is not welcome, though. Potential clashes with other changes that can
result from such a patch are not worth it. We prefer to gradually
reconcile the inconsistencies in favor of US English, with small and
easily digestible patches, as a side effect of doing some other real
work in the vicinity (e.g. rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while
turning en_UK spelling to en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much
more welcomed ("teh -> "the"), preferably submitted as independent
patches separate from other documentation changes.
Speaking of the documentation, it is currently a liberal mixture of US
and UK English norms for spelling and grammar, which is somewhat
unfortunate. A huge patch that touches the files all over the place
only to correct the inconsistency is not welcome, though. Potential
clashes with other changes that can result from such a patch are not
worth it. We prefer to gradually reconcile the inconsistencies in
favor of US English, with small and easily digestible patches, as a
side effect of doing some other real work in the vicinity (e.g.
rewriting a paragraph for clarity, while turning en_UK spelling to
en_US). Obvious typographical fixes are much more welcomed ("teh ->
"the"), preferably submitted as independent patches separate from
other documentation changes.
Oh, another thing. We are picky about whitespaces. Make sure your
changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
@ -121,16 +116,6 @@ its behaviour. Try to make sure your explanation can be understood
without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
If you want to reference a previous commit in the history of a stable
branch, use the format "abbreviated sha1 (subject, date)",
with the subject enclosed in a pair of double-quotes, like this:
Commit f86a374 ("pack-bitmap.c: fix a memleak", 2015-03-30)
noticed that ...
The "Copy commit summary" command of gitk can be used to obtain this
format.
(3) Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
@ -216,11 +201,12 @@ that it will be postponed.
Exception: If your mailer is mangling patches then someone may ask
you to re-send them using MIME, that is OK.
Do not PGP sign your patch. Most likely, your maintainer or other people on the
list would not have your PGP key and would not bother obtaining it anyway.
Your patch is not judged by who you are; a good patch from an unknown origin
has a far better chance of being accepted than a patch from a known, respected
origin that is done poorly or does incorrect things.
Do not PGP sign your patch, at least for now. Most likely, your
maintainer or other people on the list would not have your PGP
key and would not bother obtaining it anyway. Your patch is not
judged by who you are; a good patch from an unknown origin has a
far better chance of being accepted than a patch from a known,
respected origin that is done poorly or does incorrect things.
If you really really really really want to do a PGP signed
patch, format it as "multipart/signed", not a text/plain message
@ -245,7 +231,7 @@ patch.
*2* The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org
(5) Certify your work by adding your "Signed-off-by: " line
(5) Sign your work
To improve tracking of who did what, we've borrowed the
"sign-off" procedure from the Linux kernel project on patches
@ -384,47 +370,6 @@ Know the status of your patch after submission
entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
the status of various proposed changes.
--------------------------------------------------
GitHub-Travis CI hints
With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open
source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux,
Mac (and hopefully soon Windows). You can find a successful example
test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209
Follow these steps for the initial setup:
(1) Fork https://github.com/git/git to your GitHub account.
You can find detailed instructions how to fork here:
https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
(2) Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org
(3) Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button.
(4) Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account.
You can find more information about the required permissions here:
https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes
(5) Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile
(6) Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork.
After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes
to your fork of Git on GitHub. You can monitor the test state of all your
branches here: https://travis-ci.org/<Your GitHub handle>/git/branches
If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red
cross. In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and
scroll all the way down in the log. Find the line "<-- Click here to see
detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line
number to expand the detailed test output. Here is such a failing
example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187
Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork. This will trigger
a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass.
------------------------------------------------
MUA specific hints

View File

@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
require 'asciidoctor'
require 'asciidoctor/extensions'
module Git
module Documentation
class LinkGitProcessor < Asciidoctor::Extensions::InlineMacroProcessor
use_dsl
named :chrome
def process(parent, target, attrs)
if parent.document.basebackend? 'html'
prefix = parent.document.attr('git-relative-html-prefix')
%(<a href="#{prefix}#{target}.html">#{target}(#{attrs[1]})</a>\n)
elsif parent.document.basebackend? 'docbook'
"<citerefentry>\n" \
"<refentrytitle>#{target}</refentrytitle>" \
"<manvolnum>#{attrs[1]}</manvolnum>\n" \
"</citerefentry>\n"
end
end
end
end
end
Asciidoctor::Extensions.register do
inline_macro Git::Documentation::LinkGitProcessor, :linkgit
end

View File

@ -28,13 +28,12 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
-S <revs-file>::
Use revisions from revs-file instead of calling linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
--reverse <rev>..<rev>::
--reverse::
Walk history forward instead of backward. Instead of showing
the revision in which a line appeared, this shows the last
revision in which a line has existed. This requires a range of
revision like START..END where the path to blame exists in
START. `git blame --reverse START` is taken as `git blame
--reverse START..HEAD` for convenience.
START.
-p::
--porcelain::
@ -64,19 +63,13 @@ include::line-range-format.txt[]
`-` to make the command read from the standard input).
--date <format>::
Specifies the format used to output dates. If --date is not
The value is one of the following alternatives:
{relative,local,default,iso,rfc,short}. If --date is not
provided, the value of the blame.date config variable is
used. If the blame.date config variable is also not set, the
iso format is used. For supported values, see the discussion
iso format is used. For more information, See the discussion
of the --date option at linkgit:git-log[1].
--[no-]progress::
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal. This flag
enables progress reporting even if not attached to a
terminal. Can't use `--progress` together with `--porcelain`
or `--incremental`.
-M|<num>|::
Detect moved or copied lines within a file. When a commit
moves or copies a block of lines (e.g. the original file

View File

@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use warnings;
my @menu = ();
my $output = $ARGV[0];
open my $tmp, '>', "$output.tmp";
open TMP, '>', "$output.tmp";
while (<STDIN>) {
next if (/^\\input texinfo/../\@node Top/);
@ -14,13 +11,13 @@ while (<STDIN>) {
if (s/^\@top (.*)/\@node $1,,,Top/) {
push @menu, $1;
}
s/\(\@pxref\{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
s/\(\@pxref{\[(URLS|REMOTES)\]}\)//;
s/\@anchor\{[^{}]*\}//g;
print $tmp $_;
print TMP;
}
close $tmp;
close TMP;
print '\input texinfo
printf '\input texinfo
@setfilename gitman.info
@documentencoding UTF-8
@dircategory Development
@ -31,16 +28,16 @@ print '\input texinfo
@top Git Manual Pages
@documentlanguage en
@menu
';
', $menu[0];
for (@menu) {
print "* ${_}::\n";
}
print "\@end menu\n";
open $tmp, '<', "$output.tmp";
while (<$tmp>) {
open TMP, '<', "$output.tmp";
while (<TMP>) {
print;
}
close $tmp;
close TMP;
print "\@bye\n";
unlink "$output.tmp";

View File

@ -38,10 +38,6 @@ sub format_one {
}
}
while (<>) {
last if /^### command list/;
}
my %cmds = ();
for (sort <>) {
next if /^#/;

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
DATE FORMATS
------------
The `GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`, `GIT_COMMITTER_DATE` environment variables
The GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variables
ifdef::git-commit[]
and the `--date` option
endif::git-commit[]
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Git internal format::
It is `<unix timestamp> <time zone offset>`, where `<unix
timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
`<time zone offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is `+0100`.
For example CET (which is 2 hours ahead UTC) is `+0200`.
RFC 2822::
The standard email format as described by RFC 2822, for example

View File

@ -60,12 +60,6 @@ diff.context::
Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of the default
of 3. This value is overridden by the -U option.
diff.interHunkContext::
Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
of lines, thereby fusing the hunks that are close to each other.
This value serves as the default for the `--inter-hunk-context`
command line option.
diff.external::
If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
@ -81,7 +75,7 @@ diff.ignoreSubmodules::
commands such as 'git diff-files'. 'git checkout' also honors
this setting when reporting uncommitted changes. Setting it to
'all' disables the submodule summary normally shown by 'git commit'
and 'git status' when `status.submoduleSummary` is set unless it is
and 'git status' when 'status.submoduleSummary' is set unless it is
overridden by using the --ignore-submodules command-line option.
The 'git submodule' commands are not affected by this setting.
@ -105,23 +99,18 @@ diff.noprefix::
If set, 'git diff' does not show any source or destination prefix.
diff.orderFile::
File indicating how to order files within a diff.
See the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1] for details.
If `diff.orderFile` is a relative pathname, it is treated as
relative to the top of the working tree.
File indicating how to order files within a diff, using
one shell glob pattern per line.
Can be overridden by the '-O' option to linkgit:git-diff[1].
diff.renameLimit::
The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`.
detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option '-l'.
diff.renames::
Whether and how Git detects renames. If set to "false",
rename detection is disabled. If set to "true", basic rename
detection is enabled. If set to "copies" or "copy", Git will
detect copies, as well. Defaults to true. Note that this
affects only 'git diff' Porcelain like linkgit:git-diff[1] and
linkgit:git-log[1], and not lower level commands such as
linkgit:git-diff-files[1].
Tells Git to detect renames. If set to any boolean value, it
will enable basic rename detection. If set to "copies" or
"copy", it will detect copies, as well.
diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
@ -129,11 +118,10 @@ diff.suppressBlankEmpty::
diff.submodule::
Specify the format in which differences in submodules are
shown. The "short" format just shows the names of the commits
at the beginning and end of the range. The "log" format lists
the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary`
does. The "diff" format shows an inline diff of the changed
contents of the submodule. Defaults to "short".
shown. The "log" format lists the commits in the range like
linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does. The "short" format
format just shows the names of the commits at the beginning
and end of the range. Defaults to short.
diff.wordRegex::
A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
@ -178,10 +166,6 @@ diff.tool::
include::mergetools-diff.txt[]
diff.indentHeuristic::
Set this option to `true` to enable experimental heuristics
that shift diff hunk boundaries to make patches easier to read.
diff.algorithm::
Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:
+
@ -198,9 +182,3 @@ diff.algorithm::
low-occurrence common elements".
--
+
diff.wsErrorHighlight::
A comma separated list of `old`, `new`, `context`, that
specifies how whitespace errors on lines are highlighted
with `color.diff.whitespace`. Can be overridden by the
command line option `--ws-error-highlight=<kind>`

View File

@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ That is, from the left to the right:
. sha1 for "dst"; 0\{40\} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
. a space.
. status, followed by optional "score" number.
. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used.
. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used.
. path for "src"
. a tab or a NUL when `-z` option is used; only exists for C or R.
. a tab or a NUL when '-z' option is used; only exists for C or R.
. path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
. an LF or a NUL when `-z` option is used, to terminate the record.
. an LF or a NUL when '-z' option is used, to terminate the record.
Possible status letters are:
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ diff format for merges
----------------------
"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
can take `-c` or `--cc` option
can take '-c' or '--cc' option
to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
from the format described above in the following way:

View File

@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ Generating patches with -p
--------------------------
When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
with a `-p` option, "git diff" without the `--raw` option, or
with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
"git log" with the "-p" option, they
do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
`GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables.
GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
diff format:
@ -114,11 +114,11 @@ index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
------------
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
this (when `-c` option is used):
this (when '-c' option is used):
diff --combined file
+
or like this (when `--cc` option is used):
or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
diff --cc file

View File

@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
--indent-heuristic::
--no-indent-heuristic::
These are to help debugging and tuning experimental heuristics
(which are off by default) that shift diff hunk boundaries to
make patches easier to read.

View File

@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
ifdef::git-diff[]
This is the default.
endif::git-diff[]
endif::git-format-patch[]
-s::
--no-patch::
Suppress diff output. Useful for commands like `git show` that
show the patch by default, or to cancel the effect of `--patch`.
endif::git-format-patch[]
-U<n>::
--unified=<n>::
@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
Synonym for `-p --raw`.
endif::git-format-patch[]
include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[]
--minimal::
Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible
diff is produced.
@ -205,16 +203,13 @@ any of those replacements occurred.
of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
--submodule[=<format>]::
Specify how differences in submodules are shown. When specifying
`--submodule=short` the 'short' format is used. This format just
shows the names of the commits at the beginning and end of the range.
When `--submodule` or `--submodule=log` is specified, the 'log'
format is used. This format lists the commits in the range like
linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does. When `--submodule=diff`
is specified, the 'diff' format is used. This format shows an
inline diff of the changes in the submodule contents between the
commit range. Defaults to `diff.submodule` or the 'short' format
if the config option is unset.
Specify how differences in submodules are shown. When `--submodule`
or `--submodule=log` is given, the 'log' format is used. This format lists
the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.
Omitting the `--submodule` option or specifying `--submodule=short`,
uses the 'short' format. This format just shows the names of the commits
at the beginning and end of the range. Can be tweaked via the
`diff.submodule` configuration variable.
--color[=<when>]::
Show colored diff.
@ -272,11 +267,8 @@ expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
newline.
+
For example, `--word-diff-regex=.` will treat each character as a word
and, correspondingly, show differences character by character.
+
The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
linkgit:gitattributes[5] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly
linkgit:gitattributes[1] or linkgit:git-config[1]. Giving it explicitly
overrides any diff driver or configuration setting. Diff drivers
override configuration settings.
@ -291,26 +283,14 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
ifndef::git-format-patch[]
--check::
Warn if changes introduce conflict markers or whitespace errors.
What are considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace`
Warn if changes introduce whitespace errors. What are
considered whitespace errors is controlled by `core.whitespace`
configuration. By default, trailing whitespaces (including
lines that solely consist of whitespaces) and a space character
that is immediately followed by a tab character inside the
initial indent of the line are considered whitespace errors.
Exits with non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible
with --exit-code.
--ws-error-highlight=<kind>::
Highlight whitespace errors on lines specified by <kind>
in the color specified by `color.diff.whitespace`. <kind>
is a comma separated list of `old`, `new`, `context`. When
this option is not given, only whitespace errors in `new`
lines are highlighted. E.g. `--ws-error-highlight=new,old`
highlights whitespace errors on both deleted and added lines.
`all` can be used as a short-hand for `old,new,context`.
The `diff.wsErrorHighlight` configuration variable can be
used to specify the default behaviour.
endif::git-format-patch[]
--full-index::
@ -419,9 +399,6 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
paths are selected if there is any file that matches
other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
+
Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude. E.g.
`--diff-filter=ad` excludes added and deleted paths.
-S<string>::
Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
@ -466,41 +443,11 @@ information.
endif::git-format-patch[]
-O<orderfile>::
Control the order in which files appear in the output.
Output the patch in the order specified in the
<orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
This overrides the `diff.orderFile` configuration variable
(see linkgit:git-config[1]). To cancel `diff.orderFile`,
use `-O/dev/null`.
+
The output order is determined by the order of glob patterns in
<orderfile>.
All files with pathnames that match the first pattern are output
first, all files with pathnames that match the second pattern (but not
the first) are output next, and so on.
All files with pathnames that do not match any pattern are output
last, as if there was an implicit match-all pattern at the end of the
file.
If multiple pathnames have the same rank (they match the same pattern
but no earlier patterns), their output order relative to each other is
the normal order.
+
<orderfile> is parsed as follows:
+
--
- Blank lines are ignored, so they can be used as separators for
readability.
- Lines starting with a hash ("`#`") are ignored, so they can be used
for comments. Add a backslash ("`\`") to the beginning of the
pattern if it starts with a hash.
- Each other line contains a single pattern.
--
+
Patterns have the same syntax and semantics as patterns used for
fnmantch(3) without the FNM_PATHNAME flag, except a pathname also
matches a pattern if removing any number of the final pathname
components matches the pattern. For example, the pattern "`foo*bar`"
matches "`fooasdfbar`" and "`foo/bar/baz/asdf`" but not "`foobarx`".
ifndef::git-format-patch[]
-R::
@ -541,8 +488,6 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
--inter-hunk-context=<lines>::
Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
Defaults to `diff.interHunkContext` or 0 if the config option
is unset.
-W::
--function-context::
@ -601,16 +546,5 @@ endif::git-format-patch[]
--no-prefix::
Do not show any source or destination prefix.
--line-prefix=<prefix>::
Prepend an additional prefix to every line of output.
--ita-invisible-in-index::
By default entries added by "git add -N" appear as an existing
empty file in "git diff" and a new file in "git diff --cached".
This option makes the entry appear as a new file in "git diff"
and non-existent in "git diff --cached". This option could be
reverted with `--ita-visible-in-index`. Both options are
experimental and could be removed in future.
For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
linkgit:gitdiffcore[7].

View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
Everyday Git With 20 Commands Or So
===================================
This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[7].
This document has been moved to linkgit:giteveryday[1].
Please let the owners of the referring site know so that they can update the
link you clicked to get here.

View File

@ -8,25 +8,10 @@
option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
--depth=<depth>::
Limit fetching to the specified number of commits from the tip of
each remote branch history. If fetching to a 'shallow' repository
created by `git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see
linkgit:git-clone[1]), deepen or shorten the history to the specified
number of commits. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
--deepen=<depth>::
Similar to --depth, except it specifies the number of commits
from the current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of
each remote branch history.
--shallow-since=<date>::
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
include all reachable commits after <date>.
--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.
This option can be specified multiple times.
Deepen or shorten the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
to the specified number of commits from the tip of each remote
branch history. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
--unshallow::
If the source repository is complete, convert a shallow
@ -66,7 +51,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
-p::
--prune::
Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
After fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
longer exist on the remote. Tags are not subject to pruning
if they are fetched only because of the default tag
auto-following or due to a --tags option. However, if tags
@ -102,7 +87,7 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
to whatever else would otherwise be fetched. Using this
option alone does not subject tags to pruning, even if --prune
is used (though tags may be pruned anyway if they are also the
destination of an explicit refspec; see `--prune`).
destination of an explicit refspec; see '--prune').
--recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
@ -115,16 +100,9 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule
clone.
-j::
--jobs=<n>::
Number of parallel children to be used for fetching submodules.
Each will fetch from different submodules, such that fetching many
submodules will be faster. By default submodules will be fetched
one at a time.
--no-recurse-submodules::
Disable recursive fetching of submodules (this has the same effect as
using the `--recurse-submodules=no` option).
using the '--recurse-submodules=no' option).
--submodule-prefix=<path>::
Prepend <path> to paths printed in informative messages
@ -151,7 +129,7 @@ endif::git-pull[]
--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
When given, and the repository to fetch from is handled
by 'git fetch-pack', `--exec=<upload-pack>` is passed to
by 'git fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
the command to specify non-default path for the command
run on the other end.
@ -172,11 +150,3 @@ endif::git-pull[]
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
-4::
--ipv4::
Use IPv4 addresses only, ignoring IPv6 addresses.
-6::
--ipv6::
Use IPv6 addresses only, ignoring IPv4 addresses.

View File

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
'git add' [--verbose | -v] [--dry-run | -n] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
[--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]]
[--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing]
[--chmod=(+|-)x] [--] [<pathspec>...]
[--] [<pathspec>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ remove paths that do not exist in the working tree anymore.
The "index" holds a snapshot of the content of the working tree, and it
is this snapshot that is taken as the contents of the next commit. Thus
after making any changes to the working tree, and before running
after making any changes to the working directory, and before running
the commit command, you must use the `add` command to add any new or
modified files to the index.
@ -165,11 +165,6 @@ for "git add --no-all <pathspec>...", i.e. ignored removed files.
be ignored, no matter if they are already present in the work
tree or not.
--chmod=(+|-)x::
Override the executable bit of the added files. The executable
bit is only changed in the index, the files on disk are left
unchanged.
\--::
This option can be used to separate command-line options from
the list of files, (useful when filenames might be mistaken

View File

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--[no-]keep-cr] [--[no-]utf8]
[--[no-]3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
[--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
[--ignore-date] [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
[--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
[--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ OPTIONS
--signoff::
Add a `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
the committer identity of yourself.
See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
-k::
--keep::
@ -91,13 +90,10 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
-3::
--3way::
--no-3way::
When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on
3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs
it is supposed to apply to and we have those blobs
available locally. `--no-3way` can be used to override
am.threeWay configuration variable. For more information,
see am.threeWay in linkgit:git-config[1].
available locally.
--ignore-space-change::
--ignore-whitespace::
@ -116,8 +112,7 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
By default the command will try to detect the patch format
automatically. This option allows the user to bypass the automatic
detection and specify the patch format that the patch(es) should be
interpreted as. Valid formats are mbox, mboxrd,
stgit, stgit-series and hg.
interpreted as. Valid formats are mbox, stgit, stgit-series and hg.
-i::
--interactive::
@ -143,9 +138,7 @@ default. You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
-S[<keyid>]::
--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
stuck to the option without a space.
GPG-sign commits.
--continue::
-r::
@ -199,12 +192,12 @@ When initially invoking `git am`, you give it the names of the mailboxes
to process. Upon seeing the first patch that does not apply, it
aborts in the middle. You can recover from this in one of two ways:
. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the `--skip`
. skip the current patch by re-running the command with the '--skip'
option.
. hand resolve the conflict in the working directory, and update
the index file to bring it into a state that the patch should
have produced. Then run the command with the `--continue` option.
have produced. Then run the command with the '--continue' option.
The command refuses to process new mailboxes until the current
operation is finished, so if you decide to start over from scratch,

View File

@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ familiar command name for people coming from other SCM systems.
OPTIONS
-------
include::blame-options.txt[]
include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[]
SEE ALSO
--------

View File

@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
[--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
[-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
[--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
[--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace ]
[--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)]
[--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--directory=<root>]
[--verbose] [--unsafe-paths] [<patch>...]
@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
When running from a subdirectory in a repository, patched paths
outside the directory are ignored.
With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index.
Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,

View File

@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ skip" to do the same thing. (In fact the special exit code 125 makes
Or if you want more control, you can inspect the current state using
for example "git bisect visualize". It will launch gitk (or "git log"
if the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set) to help you find a
if the DISPLAY environment variable is not set) to help you find a
better bisection point.
Either way, if you have a string of untestable commits, it might
@ -1321,7 +1321,7 @@ So git bisect is unconditional goodness - and feel free to quote that
_____________
Acknowledgments
---------------
----------------
Many thanks to Junio Hamano for his help in reviewing this paper, for
reviewing the patches I sent to the Git mailing list, for discussing

View File

@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-bisect(1)
NAME
----
git-bisect - Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
git-bisect - Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
SYNOPSIS
@ -16,89 +16,74 @@ DESCRIPTION
The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending
on the subcommand:
git bisect start [--term-{old,good}=<term> --term-{new,bad}=<term>]
[--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
git bisect (bad|new|<term-new>) [<rev>]
git bisect (good|old|<term-old>) [<rev>...]
git bisect terms [--term-good | --term-bad]
git bisect help
git bisect start [--no-checkout] [<bad> [<good>...]] [--] [<paths>...]
git bisect bad [<rev>]
git bisect good [<rev>...]
git bisect skip [(<rev>|<range>)...]
git bisect reset [<commit>]
git bisect visualize
git bisect replay <logfile>
git bisect log
git bisect run <cmd>...
git bisect help
This command uses a binary search algorithm to find which commit in
your project's history introduced a bug. You use it by first telling
it a "bad" commit that is known to contain the bug, and a "good"
commit that is known to be before the bug was introduced. Then `git
bisect` picks a commit between those two endpoints and asks you
whether the selected commit is "good" or "bad". It continues narrowing
down the range until it finds the exact commit that introduced the
change.
This command uses 'git rev-list --bisect' to help drive the
binary search process to find which change introduced a bug, given an
old "good" commit object name and a later "bad" commit object name.
In fact, `git bisect` can be used to find the commit that changed
*any* property of your project; e.g., the commit that fixed a bug, or
the commit that caused a benchmark's performance to improve. To
support this more general usage, the terms "old" and "new" can be used
in place of "good" and "bad", or you can choose your own terms. See
section "Alternate terms" below for more information.
Getting help
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Use "git bisect" to get a short usage description, and "git bisect
help" or "git bisect -h" to get a long usage description.
Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
As an example, suppose you are trying to find the commit that broke a
feature that was known to work in version `v2.6.13-rc2` of your
project. You start a bisect session as follows:
Using the Linux kernel tree as an example, basic use of the bisect
command is as follows:
------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect start
$ git bisect bad # Current version is bad
$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2 # v2.6.13-rc2 is known to be good
$ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2 # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
# tested that was good
------------------------------------------------
Once you have specified at least one bad and one good commit, `git
bisect` selects a commit in the middle of that range of history,
checks it out, and outputs something similar to the following:
When you have specified at least one bad and one good version, the
command bisects the revision tree and outputs something similar to
the following:
------------------------------------------------
Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this (roughly 10 steps)
Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
------------------------------------------------
You should now compile the checked-out version and test it. If that
version works correctly, type
The state in the middle of the set of revisions is then checked out.
You would now compile that kernel and boot it. If the booted kernel
works correctly, you would then issue the following command:
------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect good
$ git bisect good # this one is good
------------------------------------------------
If that version is broken, type
The output of this command would be something similar to the following:
------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect bad
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
------------------------------------------------
Then `git bisect` will respond with something like
------------------------------------------------
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)
------------------------------------------------
Keep repeating the process: compile the tree, test it, and depending
on whether it is good or bad run `git bisect good` or `git bisect bad`
to ask for the next commit that needs testing.
Eventually there will be no more revisions left to inspect, and the
command will print out a description of the first bad commit. The
reference `refs/bisect/bad` will be left pointing at that commit.
You keep repeating this process, compiling the tree, testing it, and
depending on whether it is good or bad issuing the command "git bisect good"
or "git bisect bad" to ask for the next bisection.
Eventually there will be no more revisions left to bisect, and you
will have been left with the first bad kernel revision in "refs/bisect/bad".
Bisect reset
~~~~~~~~~~~~
After a bisect session, to clean up the bisection state and return to
the original HEAD, issue the following command:
the original HEAD (i.e., to quit bisecting), issue the following command:
------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect reset
@ -115,83 +100,9 @@ instead:
$ git bisect reset <commit>
------------------------------------------------
For example, `git bisect reset bisect/bad` will check out the first
bad revision, while `git bisect reset HEAD` will leave you on the
current bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all.
Alternate terms
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Sometimes you are not looking for the commit that introduced a
breakage, but rather for a commit that caused a change between some
other "old" state and "new" state. For example, you might be looking
for the commit that introduced a particular fix. Or you might be
looking for the first commit in which the source-code filenames were
finally all converted to your company's naming standard. Or whatever.
In such cases it can be very confusing to use the terms "good" and
"bad" to refer to "the state before the change" and "the state after
the change". So instead, you can use the terms "old" and "new",
respectively, in place of "good" and "bad". (But note that you cannot
mix "good" and "bad" with "old" and "new" in a single session.)
In this more general usage, you provide `git bisect` with a "new"
commit has some property and an "old" commit that doesn't have that
property. Each time `git bisect` checks out a commit, you test if that
commit has the property. If it does, mark the commit as "new";
otherwise, mark it as "old". When the bisection is done, `git bisect`
will report which commit introduced the property.
To use "old" and "new" instead of "good" and bad, you must run `git
bisect start` without commits as argument and then run the following
commands to add the commits:
------------------------------------------------
git bisect old [<rev>]
------------------------------------------------
to indicate that a commit was before the sought change, or
------------------------------------------------
git bisect new [<rev>...]
------------------------------------------------
to indicate that it was after.
To get a reminder of the currently used terms, use
------------------------------------------------
git bisect terms
------------------------------------------------
You can get just the old (respectively new) term with `git bisect term
--term-old` or `git bisect term --term-good`.
If you would like to use your own terms instead of "bad"/"good" or
"new"/"old", you can choose any names you like (except existing bisect
subcommands like `reset`, `start`, ...) by starting the
bisection using
------------------------------------------------
git bisect start --term-old <term-old> --term-new <term-new>
------------------------------------------------
For example, if you are looking for a commit that introduced a
performance regression, you might use
------------------------------------------------
git bisect start --term-old fast --term-new slow
------------------------------------------------
Or if you are looking for the commit that fixed a bug, you might use
------------------------------------------------
git bisect start --term-new fixed --term-old broken
------------------------------------------------
Then, use `git bisect <term-old>` and `git bisect <term-new>` instead
of `git bisect good` and `git bisect bad` to mark commits.
For example, `git bisect reset HEAD` will leave you on the current
bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all, while `git bisect
reset bisect/bad` will check out the first bad revision.
Bisect visualize
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@ -205,7 +116,7 @@ $ git bisect visualize
`view` may also be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
If the `DISPLAY` environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
instead. You can also give command-line options such as `-p` and
`--stat`.
@ -236,17 +147,17 @@ $ git bisect replay that-file
Avoiding testing a commit
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the suggested
revision is not a good one to test (e.g. it fails to build and you
know that the failure does not have anything to do with the bug you
are chasing), you can manually select a nearby commit and test that
one instead.
If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the next suggested
revision is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
want to find a nearby commit and try that instead.
For example:
------------
$ git bisect good/bad # previous round was good or bad.
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
$ git bisect visualize # oops, that is uninteresting.
$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 # try 3 revisions before what
# was suggested
@ -256,21 +167,20 @@ Then compile and test the chosen revision, and afterwards mark
the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.
Bisect skip
~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Instead of choosing a nearby commit by yourself, you can ask Git to do
it for you by issuing the command:
Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask Git
to do it for you by issuing the command:
------------
$ git bisect skip # Current version cannot be tested
------------
However, if you skip a commit adjacent to the one you are looking for,
Git will be unable to tell exactly which of those commits was the
first bad one.
But Git may eventually be unable to tell the first bad commit among
a bad commit and one or more skipped commits.
You can also skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
using range notation. For example:
You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example:
------------
$ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6
@ -286,8 +196,8 @@ would issue the command:
$ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6
------------
This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` and
`v2.6` (inclusive) should be skipped.
This tells the bisect process that the commits between `v2.5` included
and `v2.6` included should be skipped.
Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start
@ -321,23 +231,23 @@ or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:
$ git bisect run my_script arguments
------------
Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should exit
with code 0 if the current source code is good/old, and exit with a
code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current source
code is bad/new.
Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should
exit with code 0 if the current source code is good, and exit with a
code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current
source code is bad.
Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
that a program that terminates via `exit(-1)` leaves $? = 255, (see the
exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with `& 0377`.
that a program that terminates via "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, (see the
exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with "& 0377".
The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above). 125 was chosen
as the highest sensible value to use for this purpose, because 126 and 127
are used by POSIX shells to signal specific error status (127 is for
command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable--these
command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable---these
details do not matter, as they are normal errors in the script, as far as
`bisect run` is concerned).
"bisect run" is concerned).
You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
@ -350,7 +260,7 @@ next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
rewind the tree to the pristine state. Finally the script should exit
with the status of the real test to let the `git bisect run` command loop
with the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop
determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.
OPTIONS
@ -358,7 +268,7 @@ OPTIONS
--no-checkout::
+
Do not checkout the new working tree at each iteration of the bisection
process. Instead just update a special reference named `BISECT_HEAD` to make
process. Instead just update a special reference named 'BISECT_HEAD' to make
it point to the commit that should be tested.
+
This option may be useful when the test you would perform in each step
@ -397,12 +307,12 @@ $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
$ git bisect reset # quit the bisect session
------------
+
Here we use a `test.sh` custom script. In this script, if `make`
Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
fails, we skip the current commit.
`check_test_case.sh` should `exit 0` if the test case passes,
and `exit 1` otherwise.
"check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
and "exit 1" otherwise.
+
It is safer if both `test.sh` and `check_test_case.sh` are
It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" are
outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
make and test processes and the scripts.
@ -469,26 +379,6 @@ In this case, when 'git bisect run' finishes, bisect/bad will refer to a commit
has at least one parent whose reachable graph is fully traversable in the sense
required by 'git pack objects'.
* Look for a fix instead of a regression in the code
+
------------
$ git bisect start
$ git bisect new HEAD # current commit is marked as new
$ git bisect old HEAD~10 # the tenth commit from now is marked as old
------------
+
or:
------------
$ git bisect start --term-old broken --term-new fixed
$ git bisect fixed
$ git bisect broken HEAD~10
------------
Getting help
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Use `git bisect` to get a short usage description, and `git bisect
help` or `git bisect -h` to get a long usage description.
SEE ALSO
--------

View File

@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[verse]
'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental]
[-L <range>] [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
[--progress] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>..<rev>]
[--] <file>
[--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>] [--] <file>
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -77,8 +76,6 @@ include::blame-options.txt[]
-e::
--show-email::
Show the author email instead of author name (Default: off).
This can also be controlled via the `blame.showEmail` config
option.
-w::
Ignore whitespace when comparing the parent's version and
@ -89,8 +86,6 @@ include::blame-options.txt[]
abbreviated object name, use <n>+1 digits. Note that 1 column
is used for a caret to mark the boundary commit.
include::diff-heuristic-options.txt[]
THE PORCELAIN FORMAT
--------------------

View File

@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
[--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
[--column[=<options>] | --no-column]
[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]] [--sort=<key>]
[--points-at <object>] [<pattern>...]
[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]
'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
@ -39,10 +38,10 @@ named commit). With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
commit) will be listed. With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
the named commit will be listed. If the <commit> argument is missing it
defaults to `HEAD` (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
which points to the current `HEAD`, or <start-point> if given.
which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
@ -91,9 +90,6 @@ OPTIONS
based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
Note that in non-bare repositories, reflogs are usually
enabled by default by the `core.logallrefupdates` config option.
The negated form `--no-create-reflog` only overrides an earlier
`--create-reflog`, but currently does not negate the setting of
`core.logallrefupdates`.
-f::
--force::
@ -121,10 +117,6 @@ OPTIONS
default to color output.
Same as `--color=never`.
-i::
--ignore-case::
Sorting and filtering branches are case insensitive.
--column[=<options>]::
--no-column::
Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable
@ -179,7 +171,7 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
+
This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
Set the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable to `false` if you
want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if `--no-track`
want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
@ -205,9 +197,7 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
--edit-description::
Open an editor and edit the text to explain what the branch is
for, to be used by various other commands (e.g. `format-patch`,
`request-pull`, and `merge` (if enabled)). Multi-line explanations
may be used.
for, to be used by various other commands (e.g. `request-pull`).
--contains [<commit>]::
Only list branches which contain the specified commit (HEAD
@ -239,19 +229,6 @@ start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
<branchname> apply.
--sort=<key>::
Sort based on the key given. Prefix `-` to sort in descending
order of the value. You may use the --sort=<key> option
multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
key. The keys supported are the same as those in `git
for-each-ref`. Sort order defaults to sorting based on the
full refname (including `refs/...` prefix). This lists
detached HEAD (if present) first, then local branches and
finally remote-tracking branches.
--points-at <object>::
Only list branches of the given object.
Examples
--------

View File

@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
ssh, http) cannot be used. This command provides support for
ssh, rsync, http) cannot be used. This command provides support for
'git fetch' and 'git pull' to operate by packaging objects and references
in an archive at the originating machine, then importing those into
another repository using 'git fetch' and 'git pull'

View File

@ -9,22 +9,18 @@ git-cat-file - Provide content or type and size information for repository objec
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git cat-file' (-t [--allow-unknown-type]| -s [--allow-unknown-type]| -e | -p | <type> | --textconv | --filters ) [--path=<path>] <object>
'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) [ --textconv | --filters ] [--follow-symlinks]
'git cat-file' (-t | -s | -e | -p | <type> | --textconv ) <object>
'git cat-file' (--batch | --batch-check) < <list-of-objects>
DESCRIPTION
-----------
In its first form, the command provides the content or the type of an object in
the repository. The type is required unless `-t` or `-p` is used to find the
object type, or `-s` is used to find the object size, or `--textconv` or
`--filters` is used (which imply type "blob").
the repository. The type is required unless '-t' or '-p' is used to find the
object type, or '-s' is used to find the object size, or '--textconv' is used
(which implies type "blob").
In the second form, a list of objects (separated by linefeeds) is provided on
stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout. The
output format can be overridden using the optional `<format>` argument. If
either `--textconv` or `--filters` was specified, the input is expected to
list the object names followed by the path name, separated by a single white
space, so that the appropriate drivers can be determined.
stdin, and the SHA-1, type, and size of each object is printed on stdout.
OPTIONS
-------
@ -58,119 +54,30 @@ OPTIONS
--textconv::
Show the content as transformed by a textconv filter. In this case,
<object> has to be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in
order to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at
<path>.
--filters::
Show the content as converted by the filters configured in
the current working tree for the given <path> (i.e. smudge filters,
end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, <object> has to be of
the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path>.
--path=<path>::
For use with --textconv or --filters, to allow specifying an object
name and a path separately, e.g. when it is difficult to figure out
the revision from which the blob came.
<object> has be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in order
to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at <path>.
--batch::
--batch=<format>::
Print object information and contents for each object provided
on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments
except `--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines
also need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the
section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
on stdin. May not be combined with any other options or arguments.
See the section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
--batch-check::
--batch-check=<format>::
Print object information for each object provided on stdin. May
not be combined with any other options or arguments except
`--textconv` or `--filters`, in which case the input lines also
need to specify the path, separated by white space. See the
not be combined with any other options or arguments. See the
section `BATCH OUTPUT` below for details.
--batch-all-objects::
Instead of reading a list of objects on stdin, perform the
requested batch operation on all objects in the repository and
any alternate object stores (not just reachable objects).
Requires `--batch` or `--batch-check` be specified. Note that
the objects are visited in order sorted by their hashes.
--buffer::
Normally batch output is flushed after each object is output, so
that a process can interactively read and write from
`cat-file`. With this option, the output uses normal stdio
buffering; this is much more efficient when invoking
`--batch-check` on a large number of objects.
--allow-unknown-type::
Allow -s or -t to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
--follow-symlinks::
With --batch or --batch-check, follow symlinks inside the
repository when requesting objects with extended SHA-1
expressions of the form tree-ish:path-in-tree. Instead of
providing output about the link itself, provide output about
the linked-to object. If a symlink points outside the
tree-ish (e.g. a link to /foo or a root-level link to ../foo),
the portion of the link which is outside the tree will be
printed.
+
This option does not (currently) work correctly when an object in the
index is specified (e.g. `:link` instead of `HEAD:link`) rather than
one in the tree.
+
This option cannot (currently) be used unless `--batch` or
`--batch-check` is used.
+
For example, consider a git repository containing:
+
--
f: a file containing "hello\n"
link: a symlink to f
dir/link: a symlink to ../f
plink: a symlink to ../f
alink: a symlink to /etc/passwd
--
+
For a regular file `f`, `echo HEAD:f | git cat-file --batch` would print
+
--
ce013625030ba8dba906f756967f9e9ca394464a blob 6
--
+
And `echo HEAD:link | git cat-file --batch --follow-symlinks` would
print the same thing, as would `HEAD:dir/link`, as they both point at
`HEAD:f`.
+
Without `--follow-symlinks`, these would print data about the symlink
itself. In the case of `HEAD:link`, you would see
+
--
4d1ae35ba2c8ec712fa2a379db44ad639ca277bd blob 1
--
+
Both `plink` and `alink` point outside the tree, so they would
respectively print:
+
--
symlink 4
../f
symlink 11
/etc/passwd
--
OUTPUT
------
If `-t` is specified, one of the <type>.
If '-t' is specified, one of the <type>.
If `-s` is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
If '-s' is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
If `-e` is specified, no output.
If '-e' is specified, no output.
If `-p` is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
If '-p' is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
will be returned.
@ -241,47 +148,6 @@ the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format and print:
<object> SP missing LF
------------
If --follow-symlinks is used, and a symlink in the repository points
outside the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format
and print:
------------
symlink SP <size> LF
<symlink> LF
------------
The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a /), or relative
to the tree root. For instance, if dir/link points to ../../foo, then
<symlink> will be ../foo. <size> is the size of the symlink in bytes.
If --follow-symlinks is used, the following error messages will be
displayed:
------------
<object> SP missing LF
------------
is printed when the initial symlink requested does not exist.
------------
dangling SP <size> LF
<object> LF
------------
is printed when the initial symlink exists, but something that
it (transitive-of) points to does not.
------------
loop SP <size> LF
<object> LF
------------
is printed for symlink loops (or any symlinks that
require more than 40 link resolutions to resolve).
------------
notdir SP <size> LF
<object> LF
------------
is printed when, during symlink resolution, a file is used as a
directory name.
CAVEATS
-------

View File

@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git check-attr' [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname...
'git check-attr' --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...]
'git check-attr' --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ OPTIONS
Consider `.gitattributes` in the index only, ignoring the working tree.
--stdin::
Read pathnames from the standard input, one per line,
instead of from the command-line.
Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
-z::
The output format is modified to be machine-parseable.

View File

@ -10,15 +10,16 @@ SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git check-ignore' [options] pathname...
'git check-ignore' [options] --stdin
'git check-ignore' [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>
DESCRIPTION
-----------
For each pathname given via the command-line or from a file via
`--stdin`, check whether the file is excluded by .gitignore (or other
input files to the exclude mechanism) and output the path if it is
excluded.
`--stdin`, show the pattern from .gitignore (or other input files to
the exclude mechanism) that decides if the pathname is excluded or
included. Later patterns within a file take precedence over earlier
ones.
By default, tracked files are not shown at all since they are not
subject to exclude rules; but see `--no-index'.
@ -31,12 +32,10 @@ OPTIONS
-v, --verbose::
Also output details about the matching pattern (if any)
for each given pathname. For precedence rules within and
between exclude sources, see linkgit:gitignore[5].
for each given pathname.
--stdin::
Read pathnames from the standard input, one per line,
instead of from the command-line.
Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
-z::
The output format is modified to be machine-parseable (see
@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ EXIT STATUS
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gitignore[5]
linkgit:git-config[1]
linkgit:gitconfig[5]
linkgit:git-ls-files[1]
GIT

View File

@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
unquoted (by mistake), and also avoid ambiguities in certain
unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
reference name expressions (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7]):
. A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ OPTIONS
Interpret <refname> as a reference name pattern for a refspec
(as used with remote repositories). If this option is
enabled, <refname> is allowed to contain a single `*`
in the refspec (e.g., `foo/bar*/baz` or `foo/bar*baz/`
but not `foo/bar*/baz*`).
in place of a one full pathname component (e.g.,
`foo/*/bar` but not `foo/bar*`).
--normalize::
Normalize 'refname' by removing any leading slash (`/`)
@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ $ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
* Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:
+
------------
$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch")||
{ echo "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name." >&2 ; exit 1 ; }
$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch") ||
die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
------------
GIT

View File

@ -107,12 +107,6 @@ OPTIONS
--quiet::
Quiet, suppress feedback messages.
--[no-]progress::
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless `--quiet`
is specified. This flag enables progress reporting even if not
attached to a terminal, regardless of `--quiet`.
-f::
--force::
When switching branches, proceed even if the index or the
@ -126,21 +120,6 @@ entries; instead, unmerged entries are ignored.
--theirs::
When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
('ours') or #3 ('theirs') for unmerged paths.
+
Note that during `git rebase` and `git pull --rebase`, 'ours' and
'theirs' may appear swapped; `--ours` gives the version from the
branch the changes are rebased onto, while `--theirs` gives the
version from the branch that holds your work that is being rebased.
+
This is because `rebase` is used in a workflow that treats the
history at the remote as the shared canonical one, and treats the
work done on the branch you are rebasing as the third-party work to
be integrated, and you are temporarily assuming the role of the
keeper of the canonical history during the rebase. As the keeper of
the canonical history, you need to view the history from the remote
as `ours` (i.e. "our shared canonical history"), while what you did
on your side branch as `theirs` (i.e. "one contributor's work on top
of it").
-b <new_branch>::
Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
@ -157,7 +136,7 @@ of it").
When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration. See
"--track" in linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
+
If no `-b` option is given, the name of the new branch will be
If no '-b' option is given, the name of the new branch will be
derived from the remote-tracking branch, by looking at the local part of
the refspec configured for the corresponding remote, and then stripping
the initial part up to the "*".
@ -165,7 +144,7 @@ This would tell us to use "hack" as the local branch when branching
off of "origin/hack" (or "remotes/origin/hack", or even
"refs/remotes/origin/hack"). If the given name has no slash, or the above
guessing results in an empty name, the guessing is aborted. You can
explicitly give a name with `-b` in such a case.
explicitly give a name with '-b' in such a case.
--no-track::
Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
@ -250,12 +229,6 @@ This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode''
section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
--ignore-other-worktrees::
`git checkout` refuses when the wanted ref is already checked
out by another worktree. This option makes it check the ref
out anyway. In other words, the ref can be held by more than one
worktree.
<branch>::
Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
when prepended with "refs/heads/", is a valid ref), then that
@ -419,18 +392,6 @@ $ git reflog -2 HEAD # or
$ git log -g -2 HEAD
------------
ARGUMENT DISAMBIGUATION
-----------------------
When there is only one argument given and it is not `--` (e.g. "git
checkout abc"), and when the argument is both a valid `<tree-ish>`
(e.g. a branch "abc" exists) and a valid `<pathspec>` (e.g. a file
or a directory whose name is "abc" exists), Git would usually ask
you to disambiguate. Because checking out a branch is so common an
operation, however, "git checkout abc" takes "abc" as a `<tree-ish>`
in such a situation. Use `git checkout -- <pathspec>` if you want
to checkout these paths out of the index.
EXAMPLES
--------

View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git cherry-pick' [--edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-x] [--ff]
[-S[<keyid>]] <commit>...
[-S[<key-id>]] <commit>...
'git cherry-pick' --continue
'git cherry-pick' --quit
'git cherry-pick' --abort
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ OPTIONS
For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see
linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
Sets of commits can be passed but no traversal is done by
default, as if the `--no-walk` option was specified, see
default, as if the '--no-walk' option was specified, see
linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. Note that specifying a range will
feed all <commit>... arguments to a single revision walk
(see a later example that uses 'maint master..next').
@ -100,13 +100,10 @@ effect to your index in a row.
-s::
--signoff::
Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message.
See the signoff option in linkgit:git-commit[1] for more information.
-S[<keyid>]::
--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
stuck to the option without a space.
-S[<key-id>]::
--gpg-sign[=<key-id>]::
GPG-sign commits.
--ff::
If the current HEAD is the same as the parent of the
@ -128,7 +125,7 @@ effect to your index in a row.
--allow-empty-message::
By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail.
This option overrides that behavior, allowing commits with empty
This option overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty
messages to be cherry picked.
--keep-redundant-commits::

View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
Cleans the working tree by recursively removing files that are not
under version control, starting from the current directory.
Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the `-x`
Normally, only files unknown to Git are removed, but if the '-x'
option is specified, ignored files are also removed. This can, for
example, be useful to remove all build products.
@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ OPTIONS
to false, 'git clean' will refuse to delete files or directories
unless given -f, -n or -i. Git will refuse to delete directories
with .git sub directory or file unless a second -f
is given.
is given. This affects also git submodules where the storage area
of the removed submodule under .git/modules/ is not removed until
-f is given twice.
-i::
--interactive::

View File

@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
[-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
[--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
[--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
[--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
[--jobs <n>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
[--recursive | --recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
[<directory>]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -90,16 +90,13 @@ If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
--reference[-if-able] <repository>::
--reference <repository>::
If the reference repository is on the local machine,
automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
obtain objects from the reference repository. Using
an already existing repository as an alternate will
require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
When using the `--reference-if-able`, a non existing
directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
the clone.
+
*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the
`--dissociate` option.
@ -107,18 +104,14 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
--dissociate::
Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
with the `--reference` options only to reduce network
transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects. This
option can also be used when cloning locally from a
repository that already borrows objects from another
repository--the new repository will borrow objects from the
same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
borrowing.
transfer and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.
--quiet::
-q::
Operate quietly. Progress is not reported to the standard
error stream.
error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
command when given.
--verbose::
-v::
@ -192,23 +185,15 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
--depth <depth>::
Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
also pass `--shallow-submodules`.
--shallow-since=<date>::
Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.
--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option
can be specified multiple times.
specified number of revisions.
--[no-]single-branch::
Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
branch remote's `HEAD` points at.
branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
clone with the `--depth` option, this is the default, unless
`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
tips of all branches.
Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
initial cloning. If the HEAD at the remote did not point at any
@ -224,9 +209,6 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
`--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
--[no-]shallow-submodules::
All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.
--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
@ -234,10 +216,6 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
The result is Git repository can be separated from working
tree.
-j <n>::
--jobs <n>::
The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
<repository>::
The (possibly remote) repository to clone from. See the

View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-commit-tree - Create a new commit object
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...]
'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] < changelog
'git commit-tree' [(-p <parent>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [(-m <message>)...]
[(-F <file>)...] <tree>
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
An existing tree object
-p <parent>::
Each `-p` indicates the id of a parent commit object.
Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object.
-m <message>::
A paragraph in the commit log message. This can be given more than
@ -56,13 +56,11 @@ OPTIONS
-S[<keyid>]::
--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
stuck to the option without a space.
GPG-sign commit.
--no-gpg-sign::
Do not GPG-sign commit, to countermand a `--gpg-sign` option
given earlier on the command line.
Countermand `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable that is
set to force each and every commit to be signed.
Commit Information

View File

@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
[-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
[--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
[--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
[-i | -o] [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<file>...]
[-i | -o] [-S[<key-id>]] [--] [<file>...]
DESCRIPTION
-----------
@ -29,8 +29,7 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
2. by using 'git rm' to remove files from the working tree
and the index, again before using the 'commit' command;
3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command
(without --interactive or --patch switch), in which
3. by listing files as arguments to the 'commit' command, in which
case the commit will ignore changes staged in the index, and instead
record the current content of the listed files (which must already
be known to Git);
@ -42,8 +41,7 @@ The content to be added can be specified in several ways:
actual commit;
5. by using the --interactive or --patch switches with the 'commit' command
to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit
in addition to contents in the index,
to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit,
before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate these modes.
@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ OPTIONS
-c <commit>::
--reedit-message=<commit>::
Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
the user can further edit the commit message.
--fixup=<commit>::
@ -156,11 +154,7 @@ OPTIONS
-s::
--signoff::
Add Signed-off-by line by the committer at the end of the commit
log message. The meaning of a signoff depends on the project,
but it typically certifies that committer has
the rights to submit this work under the same license and
agrees to a Developer Certificate of Origin
(see http://developercertificate.org/ for more information).
log message.
-n::
--no-verify::
@ -203,7 +197,7 @@ default::
Otherwise `whitespace`.
--
+
The default can be changed by the `commit.cleanup` configuration
The default can be changed by the 'commit.cleanup' configuration
variable (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
-e::
@ -262,11 +256,10 @@ FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
staged for other paths. This is the default mode of operation of
'git commit' if any paths are given on the command line,
in which case this option can be omitted.
If this option is specified together with `--amend`, then
If this option is specified together with '--amend', then
no paths need to be specified, which can be used to amend
the last commit without committing changes that have
already been staged. If used together with `--allow-empty`
paths are also not required, and an empty commit will be created.
already been staged.
-u[<mode>]::
--untracked-files[=<mode>]::
@ -293,8 +286,7 @@ configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
what changes the commit has.
Note that this diff output doesn't have its
lines prefixed with '#'. This diff will not be a part
of the commit message. See the `commit.verbose` configuration
variable in linkgit:git-config[1].
of the commit message.
+
If specified twice, show in addition the unified diff between
what would be committed and the worktree files, i.e. the unstaged
@ -322,9 +314,7 @@ changes to tracked files.
-S[<keyid>]::
--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
stuck to the option without a space.
GPG-sign commit.
--no-gpg-sign::
Countermand `commit.gpgSign` configuration variable that is
@ -453,8 +443,8 @@ include::i18n.txt[]
ENVIRONMENT AND CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
---------------------------------------
The editor used to edit the commit log message will be chosen from the
`GIT_EDITOR` environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
`VISUAL` environment variable, or the `EDITOR` environment variable (in that
GIT_EDITOR environment variable, the core.editor configuration variable, the
VISUAL environment variable, or the EDITOR environment variable (in that
order). See linkgit:git-var[1] for details.
HOOKS

View File

@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ git-config - Get and set repository or global options
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] name [value [value_regex]]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --add name value
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] --replace-all name value [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] [--name-only] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-all name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-regexp name_regex [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] [type] [-z|--null] --get-urlmatch name URL
'git config' [<file-option>] --unset name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] --unset-all name [value_regex]
'git config' [<file-option>] --rename-section old_name new_name
'git config' [<file-option>] --remove-section name
'git config' [<file-option>] [--show-origin] [-z|--null] [--name-only] -l | --list
'git config' [<file-option>] [-z|--null] -l | --list
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-color name [default]
'git config' [<file-option>] --get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]
'git config' [<file-option>] -e | --edit
@ -31,40 +31,40 @@ You can query/set/replace/unset options with this command. The name is
actually the section and the key separated by a dot, and the value will be
escaped.
Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the `--add` option.
Multiple lines can be added to an option by using the '--add' option.
If you want to update or unset an option which can occur on multiple
lines, a POSIX regexp `value_regex` needs to be given. Only the
existing values that match the regexp are updated or unset. If
you want to handle the lines that do *not* match the regex, just
prepend a single exclamation mark in front (see also <<EXAMPLES>>).
The type specifier can be either `--int` or `--bool`, to make
The type specifier can be either '--int' or '--bool', to make
'git config' ensure that the variable(s) are of the given type and
convert the value to the canonical form (simple decimal number for int,
a "true" or "false" string for bool), or `--path`, which does some
path expansion (see `--path` below). If no type specifier is passed, no
a "true" or "false" string for bool), or '--path', which does some
path expansion (see '--path' below). If no type specifier is passed, no
checks or transformations are performed on the value.
When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
repository local configuration files by default, and options
`--system`, `--global`, `--local` and `--file <filename>` can be
'--system', '--global', '--local' and '--file <filename>' can be
used to tell the command to read from only that location (see <<FILES>>).
When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
configuration file by default, and options `--system`, `--global`,
`--file <filename>` can be used to tell the command to write to
that location (you can say `--local` but that is the default).
configuration file by default, and options '--system', '--global',
'--file <filename>' can be used to tell the command to write to
that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default).
This command will fail with non-zero status upon error. Some exit
codes are:
- The section or key is invalid (ret=1),
- no section or name was provided (ret=2),
- the config file is invalid (ret=3),
- the config file cannot be written (ret=4),
- you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
- you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
- you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
. The config file is invalid (ret=3),
. can not write to the config file (ret=4),
. no section or name was provided (ret=2),
. the section or key is invalid (ret=1),
. you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ OPTIONS
found and the last value if multiple key values were found.
--get-all::
Like get, but returns all values for a multi-valued key.
Like get, but does not fail if the number of values for the key
is not exactly one.
--get-regexp::
Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and
@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ OPTIONS
given URL is returned (if no such key exists, the value for
section.key is used as a fallback). When given just the
section as name, do so for all the keys in the section and
list them. Returns error code 1 if no value is found.
list them.
--global::
For writing options: write to global `~/.gitconfig` file
@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
--blob blob::
Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
Similar to '--file' but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
you can use 'master:.gitmodules' to read values from the file
'.gitmodules' in the master branch. See "SPECIFYING REVISIONS"
section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for a more complete list of
@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
-l::
--list::
List all variables set in config file, along with their values.
List all variables set in config file.
--bool::
'git config' will ensure that the output is "true" or "false"
@ -189,16 +190,6 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
output without getting confused e.g. by values that
contain line breaks.
--name-only::
Output only the names of config variables for `--list` or
`--get-regexp`.
--show-origin::
Augment the output of all queried config options with the
origin type (file, standard input, blob, command line) and
the actual origin (config file path, ref, or blob id if
applicable).
--get-colorbool name [stdout-is-tty]::
Find the color setting for `name` (e.g. `color.diff`) and output
@ -220,19 +211,17 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
-e::
--edit::
Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
`--system`, `--global`, or repository (default).
'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
--[no-]includes::
Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
values. Defaults to `off` when a specific file is given (e.g.,
using `--file`, `--global`, etc) and `on` when searching all
config files.
values. Defaults to on.
[[FILES]]
FILES
-----
If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are four files where
If not set explicitly with '--file', there are four files where
'git config' will search for configuration options:
$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
@ -263,16 +252,13 @@ The files are read in the order given above, with last value found taking
precedence over values read earlier. When multiple values are taken then all
values of a key from all files will be used.
You may override individual configuration parameters when running any git
command by using the `-c` option. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
configuration file. Note that this also affects options like '--replace-all'
and '--unset'. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
variables. The `--global` and the `--system` options will limit the file used
to the global or system-wide file respectively. The `GIT_CONFIG` environment
variables. The '--global' and the '--system' options will limit the file used
to the global or system-wide file respectively. The GIT_CONFIG environment
variable has a similar effect, but you can specify any filename you want.

View File

@ -38,11 +38,6 @@ objects nor valid packs
+
size-garbage: disk space consumed by garbage files, in KiB (unless -H is
specified)
+
alternate: absolute path of alternate object databases; may appear
multiple times, one line per path. Note that if the path contains
non-printable characters, it may be surrounded by double-quotes and
contain C-style backslashed escape sequences.
-H::
--human-readable::

View File

@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ OPTIONS
cache daemon if one is not started). Defaults to
`~/.git-credential-cache/socket`. If your home directory is on a
network-mounted filesystem, you may need to change this to a
local filesystem. You must specify an absolute path.
local filesystem.
CONTROLLING THE DAEMON
----------------------

View File

@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ OPTIONS
FILES
-----
If not set explicitly with `--file`, there are two files where
If not set explicitly with '--file', there are two files where
git-credential-store will search for credentials in order of precedence:
~/.git-credentials::

View File

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ DESCRIPTION
deprecated; it does not work with cvsps version 3 and later. If you are
performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using
http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html[cvs2git] or
http://www.catb.org/esr/cvs-fast-export/[cvs-fast-export].
https://github.com/BartMassey/parsecvs[parsecvs].
Imports a CVS repository into Git. It will either create a new
repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ OPTIONS
akin to the way 'git clone' uses 'origin' by default.
-o <branch-for-HEAD>::
When no remote is specified (via -r) the `HEAD` branch
When no remote is specified (via -r) the 'HEAD' branch
from CVS is imported to the 'origin' branch within the Git
repository, as `HEAD` already has a special meaning for Git.
When a remote is specified the `HEAD` branch is named
repository, as 'HEAD' already has a special meaning for Git.
When a remote is specified the 'HEAD' branch is named
remotes/<remote>/master mirroring 'git clone' behaviour.
Use this option if you want to import into a different
branch.
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ the old cvs2git tool.
-p <options-for-cvsps>::
Additional options for cvsps.
The options `-u` and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
The options '-u' and '-A' are implicit and should not be used here.
+
If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma.
-M <regex>::
Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom
regex. It can be used with `-m` to enable the default regexes
regex. It can be used with '-m' to enable the default regexes
as well. You must escape forward slashes.
+
The regex must capture the source branch name in $1.
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ messages, bug-tracking systems, email archives, and the like.
OUTPUT
------
If `-v` is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
If '-v' is specified, the script reports what it is doing.
Otherwise, success is indicated the Unix way, i.e. by simply exiting with
a zero exit status.

View File

@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Print usage information and exit
You can specify a list of allowed directories. If no directories
are given, all are allowed. This is an additional restriction, gitcvs
access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
unless `--export-all` was given, too.
unless '--export-all' was given, too.
DESCRIPTION
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ To get a checkout with the Eclipse CVS client:
3. Browse the 'modules' available. It will give you a list of the heads in
the repository. You will not be able to browse the tree from there. Only
the heads.
4. Pick `HEAD` when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
4. Pick 'HEAD' when it asks what branch/tag to check out. Untick the
"launch commit wizard" to avoid committing the .project file.
Protocol notes: If you are using anonymous access via pserver, just select that.
@ -402,12 +402,12 @@ Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
CRLF Line Ending Conversions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
By default the server leaves the `-k` mode blank for all files,
By default the server leaves the '-k' mode blank for all files,
which causes the CVS client to treat them as a text files, subject
to end-of-line conversion on some platforms.
You can make the server use the end-of-line conversion attributes to
set the `-k` modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
set the '-k' modes for files by setting the `gitcvs.usecrlfattr`
config variable. See linkgit:gitattributes[5] for more information
about end-of-line conversion.
@ -415,9 +415,9 @@ Alternatively, if `gitcvs.usecrlfattr` config is not enabled
or the attributes do not allow automatic detection for a filename, then
the server uses the `gitcvs.allBinary` config for the default setting.
If `gitcvs.allBinary` is set, then file not otherwise
specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the `-k` mode
specified will default to '-kb' mode. Otherwise the '-k' mode
is left blank. But if `gitcvs.allBinary` is set to "guess", then
the correct `-k` mode will be guessed based on the contents of
the correct '-k' mode will be guessed based on the contents of
the file.
For best consistency with 'cvs', it is probably best to override the

View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ that service if it is enabled.
It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn't explicitly been marked
for export this way (unless the `--export-all` parameter is specified). If you
for export this way (unless the '--export-all' parameter is specified). If you
pass some directory paths as 'git daemon' arguments, you can further restrict
the offers to a whitelist comprising of those.
@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ OPTIONS
is not supported, then --listen=hostname is also not supported and
--listen must be given an IPv4 address.
Can be given more than once.
Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
--port=<n>::
Listen on an alternative port. Incompatible with `--inetd` option.
Listen on an alternative port. Incompatible with '--inetd' option.
--init-timeout=<n>::
Timeout (in seconds) between the moment the connection is established
@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ Git configuration files in that directory are readable by `<user>`.
arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
exiting with a zero status). It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
and `$REMOTE_PORT` environment variables to learn about the
and $REMOTE_PORT environment variables to learn about the
requestor when making this decision.
+
The external command can optionally write a single line to its
@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ they correspond to these IP addresses.
selectively enable/disable services per repository::
To enable 'git archive --remote' and disable 'git fetch' against
a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
repository (that is the file 'config' next to `HEAD`, 'refs' and
repository (that is the file 'config' next to 'HEAD', 'refs' and
'objects').
+
----------------------------------------------------------------

View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-describe - Describe a commit using the most recent tag reachable from it
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] [<commit-ish>...]
'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] <commit-ish>...
'git describe' [--all] [--tags] [--contains] [--abbrev=<n>] --dirty[=<mark>]
DESCRIPTION
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ see the -a and -s options to linkgit:git-tag[1].
OPTIONS
-------
<commit-ish>...::
Commit-ish object names to describe. Defaults to HEAD if omitted.
Commit-ish object names to describe.
--dirty[=<mark>]::
Describe the working tree.
@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ is found, its name will be output and searching will stop.
If an exact match was not found, 'git describe' will walk back
through the commit history to locate an ancestor commit which
has been tagged. The ancestor's tag will be output along with an
abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If `--first-parent` was
abbreviation of the input commit-ish's SHA-1. If '--first-parent' was
specified then the walk will only consider the first parent of each
commit.

View File

@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ include::diff-format.txt[]
Operating Modes
---------------
You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
(using the `--cached` flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed". Both
of these operations are very useful indeed.
Cached Mode
-----------
If `--cached` is specified, it allows you to ask:
If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
contents (the ones I'd write using 'git write-tree')

View File

@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ include::diff-options.txt[]
show tree entry itself as well as subtrees. Implies -r.
--root::
When `--root` is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
When '--root' is specified the initial commit will be shown as a big
creation event. This is equivalent to a diff against the NULL tree.
--stdin::
When `--stdin` is specified, the command does not take
When '--stdin' is specified, the command does not take
<tree-ish> arguments from the command line. Instead, it
reads lines containing either two <tree>, one <commit>, or a
list of <commit> from its standard input. (Use a single space
@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ commits (but not trees).
By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' does not show
differences for merge commits. With this flag, it shows
differences to that commit from all of its parents. See
also `-c`.
also '-c'.
-s::
By default, 'git diff-tree --stdin' shows differences,
either in machine-readable form (without `-p`) or in patch
form (with `-p`). This output can be suppressed. It is
only useful with `-v` flag.
either in machine-readable form (without '-p') or in patch
form (with '-p'). This output can be suppressed. It is
only useful with '-v' flag.
-v::
This flag causes 'git diff-tree --stdin' to also show
@ -91,17 +91,17 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
-c::
This flag changes the way a merge commit is displayed
(which means it is useful only when the command is given
one <tree-ish>, or `--stdin`). It shows the differences
one <tree-ish>, or '--stdin'). It shows the differences
from each of the parents to the merge result simultaneously
instead of showing pairwise diff between a parent and the
result one at a time (which is what the `-m` option does).
result one at a time (which is what the '-m' option does).
Furthermore, it lists only files which were modified
from all parents.
--cc::
This flag changes the way a merge commit patch is displayed,
in a similar way to the `-c` option. It implies the `-c`
and `-p` options and further compresses the patch output
in a similar way to the '-c' option. It implies the '-c'
and '-p' options and further compresses the patch output
by omitting uninteresting hunks whose the contents in the parents
have only two variants and the merge result picks one of them
without modification. When all hunks are uninteresting, the commit

View File

@ -86,11 +86,10 @@ instead. `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
Additionally, `$BASE` is set in the environment.
-g::
--[no-]gui::
--gui::
When 'git-difftool' is invoked with the `-g` or `--gui` option
the default diff tool will be read from the configured
`diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`. The `--no-gui`
option can be used to override this setting.
`diff.guitool` variable instead of `diff.tool`.
--[no-]trust-exit-code::
'git-difftool' invokes a diff tool individually on each file.
@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ instead. `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
invoked diff tool returns a non-zero exit code.
+
'git-difftool' will forward the exit code of the invoked tool when
`--trust-exit-code` is used.
'--trust-exit-code' is used.
See linkgit:git-diff[1] for the full list of supported options.

View File

@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Options for Frontends
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--cat-blob-fd=<fd>::
Write responses to `get-mark`, `cat-blob`, and `ls` queries to the
Write responses to `cat-blob` and `ls` queries to the
file descriptor <fd> instead of `stdout`. Allows `progress`
output intended for the end-user to be separated from other
output.
@ -136,8 +136,6 @@ Performance and Compression Tuning
Maximum size of each output packfile.
The default is unlimited.
fastimport.unpackLimit::
See linkgit:git-config[1]
Performance
-----------
@ -352,11 +350,6 @@ and control the current import process. More detailed discussion
unless the `done` feature was requested using the
`--done` command-line option or `feature done` command.
`get-mark`::
Causes fast-import to print the SHA-1 corresponding to a mark
to the file descriptor set with `--cat-blob-fd`, or `stdout` if
unspecified.
`cat-blob`::
Causes fast-import to print a blob in 'cat-file --batch'
format to the file descriptor set with `--cat-blob-fd` or
@ -937,25 +930,6 @@ Placing a `progress` command immediately after a `checkpoint` will
inform the reader when the `checkpoint` has been completed and it
can safely access the refs that fast-import updated.
`get-mark`
~~~~~~~~~~
Causes fast-import to print the SHA-1 corresponding to a mark to
stdout or to the file descriptor previously arranged with the
`--cat-blob-fd` argument. The command otherwise has no impact on the
current import; its purpose is to retrieve SHA-1s that later commits
might want to refer to in their commit messages.
....
'get-mark' SP ':' <idnum> LF
....
This command can be used anywhere in the stream that comments are
accepted. In particular, the `get-mark` command can be used in the
middle of a commit but not in the middle of a `data` command.
See ``Responses To Commands'' below for details about how to read
this output safely.
`cat-blob`
~~~~~~~~~~
Causes fast-import to print a blob to a file descriptor previously
@ -1026,8 +1000,7 @@ Output uses the same format as `git ls-tree <tree> -- <path>`:
====
The <dataref> represents the blob, tree, or commit object at <path>
and can be used in later 'get-mark', 'cat-blob', 'filemodify', or
'ls' commands.
and can be used in later 'cat-blob', 'filemodify', or 'ls' commands.
If there is no file or subtree at that path, 'git fast-import' will
instead report
@ -1056,7 +1029,7 @@ relative-marks::
no-relative-marks::
force::
Act as though the corresponding command-line option with
a leading `--` was passed on the command line
a leading '--' was passed on the command line
(see OPTIONS, above).
import-marks::
@ -1069,11 +1042,9 @@ import-marks-if-exists::
"feature import-marks-if-exists" like a corresponding
command-line option silently skips a nonexistent file.
get-mark::
cat-blob::
ls::
Require that the backend support the 'get-mark', 'cat-blob',
or 'ls' command respectively.
Require that the backend support the 'cat-blob' or 'ls' command.
Versions of fast-import not supporting the specified command
will exit with a message indicating so.
This lets the import error out early with a clear message,
@ -1107,7 +1078,7 @@ options the user may specify to git fast-import itself.
The `<option>` part of the command may contain any of the options
listed in the OPTIONS section that do not change import semantics,
without the leading `--` and is treated in the same way.
without the leading '--' and is treated in the same way.
Option commands must be the first commands on the input (not counting
feature commands), to give an option command after any non-option
@ -1153,11 +1124,11 @@ bidirectional pipes:
git fast-import >fast-import-output
====
A frontend set up this way can use `progress`, `get-mark`, `ls`, and
`cat-blob` commands to read information from the import in progress.
A frontend set up this way can use `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob`
commands to read information from the import in progress.
To avoid deadlock, such frontends must completely consume any
pending output from `progress`, `ls`, `get-mark`, and `cat-blob` before
pending output from `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob` before
performing writes to fast-import that might block.
Crash Reports

View File

@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ OPTIONS
option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
on the command line.
+
If `--stateless-rpc` is specified together with this option then
If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
-q::
--quiet::
Pass `-q` flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
Pass '-q' flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
cloning process less verbose.
-k::
@ -87,20 +87,6 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
'git-upload-pack' treats the special depth 2147483647 as
infinite even if there is an ancestor-chain that long.
--shallow-since=<date>::
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow'repository to
include all reachable commits after <date>.
--shallow-exclude=<revision>::
Deepen or shorten the history of a shallow repository to
exclude commits reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.
This option can be specified multiple times.
--deepen-relative::
Argument --depth specifies the number of commits from the
current shallow boundary instead of from the tip of each
remote branch history.
--no-progress::
Do not show the progress.
@ -118,10 +104,6 @@ be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
The remote heads to update from. This is relative to
$GIT_DIR (e.g. "HEAD", "refs/heads/master"). When
unspecified, update from all heads the remote side has.
+
If the remote has enabled the options `uploadpack.allowTipSHA1InWant`,
`uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant`, or `uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant`,
they may alternatively be 40-hex sha1s present on the remote.
SEE ALSO
--------

View File

@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ This configuration is used in two ways:
* When `git fetch` is run without specifying what branches
and/or tags to fetch on the command line, e.g. `git fetch origin`
or `git fetch`, `remote.<repository>.fetch` values are used as
the refspecs--they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs
the refspecs---they specify which refs to fetch and which local refs
to update. The example above will fetch
all branches that exist in the `origin` (i.e. any ref that matches
the left-hand side of the value, `refs/heads/*`) and update the
@ -99,57 +99,6 @@ The latter use of the `remote.<repository>.fetch` values can be
overridden by giving the `--refmap=<refspec>` parameter(s) on the
command line.
OUTPUT
------
The output of "git fetch" depends on the transport method used; this
section describes the output when fetching over the Git protocol
(either locally or via ssh) and Smart HTTP protocol.
The status of the fetch is output in tabular form, with each line
representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form:
-------------------------------
<flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> [<reason>]
-------------------------------
The status of up-to-date refs is shown only if the --verbose option is
used.
In compact output mode, specified with configuration variable
fetch.output, if either entire `<from>` or `<to>` is found in the
other string, it will be substituted with `*` in the other string. For
example, `master -> origin/master` becomes `master -> origin/*`.
flag::
A single character indicating the status of the ref:
(space);; for a successfully fetched fast-forward;
`+`;; for a successful forced update;
`-`;; for a successfully pruned ref;
`t`;; for a successful tag update;
`*`;; for a successfully fetched new ref;
`!`;; for a ref that was rejected or failed to update; and
`=`;; for a ref that was up to date and did not need fetching.
summary::
For a successfully fetched ref, the summary shows the old and new
values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast-forward updates).
from::
The name of the remote ref being fetched from, minus its
`refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the name of
the remote ref is "(none)".
to::
The name of the local ref being updated, minus its
`refs/<type>/` prefix.
reason::
A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully fetched
refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for
failure is described.
EXAMPLES
--------
@ -192,8 +141,6 @@ The first command fetches the `maint` branch from the repository at
objects will eventually be removed by git's built-in housekeeping (see
linkgit:git-gc[1]).
include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
BUGS
----
Using --recurse-submodules can only fetch new commits in already checked

View File

@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ if different from the rewritten ones, will be stored in the namespace
Note that since this operation is very I/O expensive, it might
be a good idea to redirect the temporary directory off-disk with the
`-d` option, e.g. on tmpfs. Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
'-d' option, e.g. on tmpfs. Reportedly the speedup is very noticeable.
Filters
@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Filters
The filters are applied in the order as listed below. The <command>
argument is always evaluated in the shell context using the 'eval' command
(with the notable exception of the commit filter, for technical reasons).
Prior to that, the `$GIT_COMMIT` environment variable will be set to contain
Prior to that, the $GIT_COMMIT environment variable will be set to contain
the id of the commit being rewritten. Also, GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE, GIT_COMMITTER_NAME, GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL,
and GIT_COMMITTER_DATE are taken from the current commit and exported to
@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
untouched. This switch allow git-filter-branch to ignore such
commits. Though, this switch only applies for commits that have one
and only one parent, it will hence keep merges points. Also, this
option is not compatible with the use of `--commit-filter`. Though you
option is not compatible with the use of '--commit-filter'. Though you
just need to use the function 'git_commit_non_empty_tree "$@"' instead
of the `git commit-tree "$@"` idiom in your commit filter to make that
happen.
@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
<rev-list options>...::
Arguments for 'git rev-list'. All positive refs included by
these options are rewritten. You may also specify options
such as `--all`, but you must use `--` to separate them from
such as '--all', but you must use '--' to separate them from
the 'git filter-branch' options. Implies <<Remap_to_ancestor>>.
@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ to other tags will be rewritten to point to the underlying commit.
Remap to ancestor
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
By using linkgit:git-rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
By using linkgit:rev-list[1] arguments, e.g., path limiters, you can limit the
set of revisions which get rewritten. However, positive refs on the command
line are distinguished: we don't let them be excluded by such limiters. For
this purpose, they are instead rewritten to point at the nearest ancestor that

View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-fmt-merge-msg - Produce a merge commit message
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log]
'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
'git fmt-merge-msg' [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>] | --no-log] -F <file>
DESCRIPTION
@ -57,18 +57,6 @@ merge.summary::
Synonym to `merge.log`; this is deprecated and will be removed in
the future.
EXAMPLE
-------
---------
$ git fetch origin master
$ git fmt-merge-msg --log <$GIT_DIR/FETCH_HEAD
---------
Print a log message describing a merge of the "master" branch from
the "origin" remote.
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:git-merge[1]

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