Git 2.31.3

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

.github/workflows/check-whitespace.yml

@@ -12,9 +12,15 @@ jobs:
   check-whitespace:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
+    - name: Set commit count
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "COMMIT_DEPTH=$((1+$COMMITS))" >>$GITHUB_ENV
+      env:
+        COMMITS: ${{ github.event.pull_request.commits }}
+
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
+        fetch-depth: ${{ env.COMMIT_DEPTH }}
 
     - name: git log --check
       id: check_out
@@ -41,9 +47,25 @@ jobs:
             echo "${dash} ${etc}"
             ;;
           esac
-        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" ${{github.event.pull_request.base.sha}}..)
+        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" -${{github.event.pull_request.commits}})
 
         if test -n "${log}"
         then
+          echo "::set-output name=checkout::"${log}""
           exit 2
         fi
+
+    - name: Add Check Output as Comment
+      uses: actions/github-script@v3
+      id: add-comment
+      env:
+        log: ${{ steps.check_out.outputs.checkout }}
+      with:
+        script: |
+            await github.issues.createComment({
+              issue_number: context.issue.number,
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              body: `Whitespace errors found in workflow ${{ github.workflow }}:\n\n\`\`\`\n${process.env.log.replace(/\\n/g, "\n")}\n\`\`\``
+            })
+      if: ${{ failure() }}

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -81,21 +81,44 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: build
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
       shell: bash
+      run: |
+        ## Get artifact
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
+    - name: build
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         HOME: ${{runner.workspace}}
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_PERL: 1
-      run: ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
-    - name: zip up tracked files
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+        printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
+        "@
+    - name: upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: artifacts
+    - name: upload git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: git-sdk-64-minimal
   windows-test:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     needs: [windows-build]
@@ -104,25 +127,37 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
-      run: ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
     - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
-      shell: bash
-      run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -130,17 +165,27 @@ jobs:
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     env:
+      MSYSTEM: MINGW64
       NO_PERL: 1
       GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS: "'user.name=CI' 'user.email=ci@git'"
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: initialize vcpkg
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      with:
-        repository: 'microsoft/vcpkg'
-        path: 'compat/vcbuild/vcpkg'
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        ## Get artifact
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
     - name: download vcpkg artifacts
       shell: powershell
       run: |
@@ -153,60 +198,75 @@ jobs:
     - name: add msbuild to PATH
       uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1
     - name: copy dlls to root
-      shell: cmd
-      run: compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+        if (!$?) { exit(1) }
     - name: generate Visual Studio solution
       shell: bash
       run: |
         cmake `pwd`/contrib/buildsystems/ -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=`pwd`/compat/vcbuild/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows \
-        -DNO_GETTEXT=YesPlease -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
+        -DMSGFMT_EXE=`pwd`/git-sdk-64-minimal/mingw64/bin/msgfmt.exe -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
     - name: MSBuild
       run: msbuild git.sln -property:Configuration=Release -property:Platform=x64 -maxCpuCount:4 -property:PlatformToolset=v142
     - name: bundle artifact tar
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         MSVC: 1
         VCPKG_ROOT: ${{github.workspace}}\compat\vcbuild\vcpkg
       run: |
+        & git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
           mkdir -p artifacts &&
-        eval "$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease 2>&1 | grep ^tar)"
-    - name: zip up tracked files
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+          eval \"`$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts 2>&1 | grep ^tar)\"
+        "@
+    - name: upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: artifacts
   vs-test:
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: vs-build
+    needs: [vs-build, windows-build]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_SVN_TESTS: 1
         GIT_TEST_SKIP_REBASE_P: 1
-      run: ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK and the test-cache
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ /test-cache/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
     - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
-      shell: bash
-      run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -237,14 +297,14 @@ jobs:
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
     runs-on: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
     - run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
       if: failure()
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -271,7 +331,7 @@ jobs:
       if: failure()
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
@@ -282,29 +342,9 @@ jobs:
       jobname: StaticAnalysis
     runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
-  sparse:
-    needs: ci-config
-    if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
-    env:
-      jobname: sparse
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    steps:
-    - name: Download a current `sparse` package
-      # Ubuntu's `sparse` version is too old for us
-      uses: git-for-windows/get-azure-pipelines-artifact@v0
-      with:
-        repository: git/git
-        definitionId: 10
-        artifact: sparse-20.04
-    - name: Install the current `sparse` package
-      run: sudo dpkg -i sparse-20.04/sparse_*.deb
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install other dependencies
-      run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
-    - run: make sparse
   documentation:
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
@@ -312,6 +352,6 @@ jobs:
       jobname: Documentation
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/test-documentation.sh

.gitignore

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 /git-check-mailmap
 /git-check-ref-format
 /git-checkout
-/git-checkout--worker
 /git-checkout-index
 /git-cherry
 /git-cherry-pick
@@ -163,7 +162,6 @@
 /git-stripspace
 /git-submodule
 /git-submodule--helper
-/git-subtree
 /git-svn
 /git-switch
 /git-symbolic-ref

.mailmap

@@ -220,7 +220,6 @@ Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx> <ph@sorgh.de>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
 Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com> <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
-Ramkumar Ramachandra <r@artagnon.com> <artagnon@gmail.com>
 Randall S. Becker <randall.becker@nexbridge.ca> <rsbecker@nexbridge.com>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> Rene Scharfe

Documentation/CodingGuidelines

@@ -175,11 +175,6 @@ For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
    does not have such a problem.
 
- - Even though "local" is not part of POSIX, we make heavy use of it
-   in our test suite.  We do not use it in scripted Porcelains, and
-   hopefully nobody starts using "local" before they are reimplemented
-   in C ;-)
-
 
 For C programs:
 
@@ -503,12 +498,7 @@ Error Messages
 
  - Do not end error messages with a full stop.
 
- - Do not capitalize the first word, only because it is the first word
-   in the message ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s").  But
-   "SHA-3 not supported" is fine, because the reason the first word is
-   capitalized is not because it is at the beginning of the sentence,
-   but because the word would be spelled in capital letters even when
-   it appeared in the middle of the sentence.
+ - Do not capitalize ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s")
 
  - Say what the error is first ("cannot open %s", not "%s: cannot open")
 
@@ -551,51 +541,6 @@ Writing Documentation:
  documentation, please see the documentation-related advice in the
  Documentation/SubmittingPatches file).
 
- In order to ensure the documentation is inclusive, avoid assuming
- that an unspecified example person is male or female, and think
- twice before using "he", "him", "she", or "her".  Here are some
- tips to avoid use of gendered pronouns:
-
-  - Prefer succinctness and matter-of-factly describing functionality
-    in the abstract.  E.g.
-
-     --short:: Emit output in the short-format.
-
-    and avoid something like these overly verbose alternatives:
-
-     --short:: Use this to emit output in the short-format.
-     --short:: You can use this to get output in the short-format.
-     --short:: A user who prefers shorter output could....
-     --short:: Should a person and/or program want shorter output, he
-               she/they/it can...
-
-    This practice often eliminates the need to involve human actors in
-    your description, but it is a good practice regardless of the
-    avoidance of gendered pronouns.
-
-  - When it becomes awkward to stick to this style, prefer "you" when
-    addressing the the hypothetical user, and possibly "we" when
-    discussing how the program might react to the user.  E.g.
-
-      You can use this option instead of --xyz, but we might remove
-      support for it in future versions.
-
-    while keeping in mind that you can probably be less verbose, e.g.
-
-      Use this instead of --xyz. This option might be removed in future
-      versions.
-
-  - If you still need to refer to an example person that is
-    third-person singular, you may resort to "singular they" to avoid
-    "he/she/him/her", e.g.
-
-      A contributor asks their upstream to pull from them.
-
-    Note that this sounds ungrammatical and unnatural to those who
-    learned that "they" is only used for third-person plural, e.g.
-    those who learn English as a second language in some parts of the
-    world.
-
  Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
  The same general rule as for code applies -- imitate the existing
  conventions.

Documentation/Makefile

@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 MAN1_TXT =
 MAN5_TXT =
 MAN7_TXT =
-HOWTO_TXT =
-DOC_DEP_TXT =
 TECH_DOCS =
 ARTICLES =
 SP_ARTICLES =
@@ -44,11 +42,6 @@ MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
 
-HOWTO_TXT += $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard *.txt)
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard config/*.txt)
-
 ifdef MAN_FILTER
 MAN_TXT = $(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT))
 else
@@ -83,7 +76,6 @@ SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebuild-from-update-hook
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebase-from-internal-branch
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/keep-canonical-history-correct
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/maintain-git
-SP_ARTICLES += howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
 SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
 
@@ -98,7 +90,6 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/multi-pack-index
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-format
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-heuristics
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-protocol
-TECH_DOCS += technical/parallel-checkout
 TECH_DOCS += technical/partial-clone
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-capabilities
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
@@ -139,7 +130,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_CONF = -f asciidoc.conf
 ASCIIDOC_COMMON = $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
 		-amanversion=$(GIT_VERSION) \
 		-amanmanual='Git Manual' -amansource='Git'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoc.conf GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 TXT_TO_HTML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_HTML)
 TXT_TO_XML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK)
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
@@ -194,7 +184,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook5
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -acompat-mode -atabsize=8
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -I. -rasciidoctor-extensions
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 DBLATEX_COMMON =
 XMLTO_EXTRA += --skip-validation
 XMLTO_EXTRA += -x manpage.xsl
@@ -295,8 +284,10 @@ docdep_prereqs = \
 	mergetools-list.made $(mergetools_txt) \
 	cmd-list.made $(cmds_txt)
 
-doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) build-docdep.perl
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@ $(QUIET_STDERR)
+doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(wildcard *.txt) $(wildcard config/*.txt) build-docdep.perl
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
 -include doc.dep
@@ -316,7 +307,8 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
 $(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
 
 cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
 mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
@@ -324,7 +316,7 @@ mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
 $(mergetools_txt): mergetools-list.made
 
 mergetools-list.made: ../git-mergetool--lib.sh $(wildcard ../mergetools/*)
-	$(QUIET_GEN) \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
 	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
 		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
 		show_tool_names can_diff "* " || :' >mergetools-diff.txt && \
@@ -353,23 +345,32 @@ clean:
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 	$(RM) GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 
-$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@ $<
+$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
 	$(QUIET_GEN)sed "s|@@MAN_BASE_URL@@|$(MAN_BASE_URL)|" $< > $@
 
 %.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml manpage-base-url.xsl $(wildcard manpage*.xsl)
-	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
+	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
-%.xml : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+%.xml : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
 	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
@@ -390,35 +391,46 @@ XSLTOPTS += --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 XSLTOPTS += --param generate.consistent.ids 1
 
 user-manual.html: user-manual.xml $(XSLT)
-	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@+ $(XSLT) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 git.info: user-manual.texi
 	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
 
 user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@+ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@+ >$@ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(DBLATEX) -o $@ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $<
+	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI) \
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	($(foreach xml,$(sort $(MAN_XML)),xsltproc -o $(xml)+ texi.xsl $(xml) && \
 		$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout $(xml)+ && \
-		$(RM) $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@+ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@+ >$@ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+		rm $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.info: gitman.texi
 	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(HOWTO_TXT)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(HOWTO_TXT)) >$@
+howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(wildcard howto/*.txt)) >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) $*.txt
@@ -426,10 +438,11 @@ $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
 howto/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
-$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(HOWTO_TXT)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC) \
+$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | \
-	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 install-webdoc : html
 	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
@@ -457,20 +470,11 @@ print-man1:
 	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
 
 lint-docs::
-	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl \
-		$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) \
-		--section=1 $(MAN1_TXT) \
-		--section=5 $(MAN5_TXT) \
-		--section=7 $(MAN7_TXT); \
-	$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-end-blurb.perl $(MAN_TXT); \
-	$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-section-order.perl $(MAN_TXT);
+	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
 
 ifeq ($(wildcard po/Makefile),po/Makefile)
 doc-l10n install-l10n::
 	$(MAKE) -C po $@
 endif
 
-# Delete the target file on error
-.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
-
 .PHONY: FORCE

Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Veteran contributors who are especially interested in helping mentor newcomers
 are present on the list. In order to avoid search indexers, group membership is
 required to view messages; anyone can join and no approval is required.
 
-==== https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Libera Chat
+==== https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Freenode
 
 This IRC channel is for conversations between Git contributors. If someone is
 currently online and knows the answer to your question, you can receive help
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ either examining recent pull requests where someone has been granted `/allow`
 (https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/pulls?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Apr+is%3Aopen+%22%2Fallow%22[Search:
 is:pr is:open "/allow"]), in which case both the author and the person who
 granted the `/allow` can now `/allow` you, or by inquiring on the
-https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Libera Chat
+https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Freenode
 linking your pull request and asking for someone to `/allow` you.
 
 If the CI fails, you can update your changes with `git rebase -i` and push your

Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Fixes since v1.6.0.2
   if the working tree is currently dirty.
 
 * "git for-each-ref --format=%(subject)" fixed for commits with no
-  newline in the message body.
+  no newline in the message body.
 
 * "git remote" fixed to protect printf from user input.
 

Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.txt

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ details).
    (merge 2fbd4f9 mh/maint-lockfile-overflow later to maint).
 
  * Invocations of "git checkout" used internally by "git rebase" were
-   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -", which took
+   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -" to the
    the user to an unexpected place.
    (merge 3bed291 rr/rebase-checkout-reflog later to maint).
 

Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt

@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    the ref backend in use, as its format is much richer than the
    normal refs, and written directly by "git fetch" as a plain file..
 
- * An unused binary has been discarded, and a bunch of commands
-   have been turned into built-in.
+ * An unused binary has been discarded, and and a bunch of commands
+   have been turned into into built-in.
 
  * A handful of places in in-tree code still relied on being able to
    execute the git subcommands, especially built-ins, in "git-foo"

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.3.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+Git v2.30.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release addresses the security issue CVE-2022-24765.
+
+Fixes since v2.30.2
+-------------------
+
+ * Build fix on Windows.
+
+ * Fix `GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES` with Windows-style root directories.
+
+ * CVE-2022-24765:
+   On multi-user machines, Git users might find themselves
+   unexpectedly in a Git worktree, e.g. when another user created a
+   repository in `C:\.git`, in a mounted network drive or in a
+   scratch space. Merely having a Git-aware prompt that runs `git
+   status` (or `git diff`) and navigating to a directory which is
+   supposedly not a Git worktree, or opening such a directory in an
+   editor or IDE such as VS Code or Atom, will potentially run
+   commands defined by that other user.
+
+Credit for finding this vulnerability goes to 俞晨东; The fix was
+authored by Johannes Schindelin.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.4.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+Git v2.30.4 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release contains minor fix-ups for the changes that went into
+Git 2.30.3, which was made to address CVE-2022-24765.
+
+ * The code that was meant to parse the new `safe.directory`
+   configuration variable was not checking what configuration
+   variable was being fed to it, which has been corrected.
+
+ * '*' can be used as the value for the `safe.directory` variable to
+   signal that the user considers that any directory is safe.
+
+
+
+Derrick Stolee (2):
+      t0033: add tests for safe.directory
+      setup: opt-out of check with safe.directory=*
+
+Matheus Valadares (1):
+      setup: fix safe.directory key not being checked

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.2.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Git v2.31.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3 to address
+the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see the release notes for that
+version for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.3.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.3.txt Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.31.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.0.txt

@@ -1,416 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.32 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Backward compatibility notes
-----------------------------
-
- * ".gitattributes", ".gitignore", and ".mailmap" files that are
-   symbolic links are ignored.
-
- * "git apply --3way" used to first attempt a straight application,
-   and only fell back to the 3-way merge algorithm when the stright
-   application failed.  Starting with this version, the command will
-   first try the 3-way merge algorithm and only when it fails (either
-   resulting with conflict or the base versions of blobs are missing),
-   falls back to the usual patch application.
-
-
-Updates since v2.31
--------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * It does not make sense to make ".gitattributes", ".gitignore" and
-   ".mailmap" symlinks, as they are supposed to be usable from the
-   object store (think: bare repositories where HEAD:.mailmap etc. are
-   used).  When these files are symbolic links, we used to read the
-   contents of the files pointed by them by mistake, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git stash show" learned to optionally show untracked part of the
-   stash.
-
- * "git log --format='...'" learned "%(describe)" placeholder.
-
- * "git repack" so far has been only capable of repacking everything
-   under the sun into a single pack (or split by size).  A cleverer
-   strategy to reduce the cost of repacking a repository has been
-   introduced.
-
- * The http codepath learned to let the credential layer to cache the
-   password used to unlock a certificate that has successfully been
-   used.
-
- * "git commit --fixup=<commit>", which was to tweak the changes made
-   to the contents while keeping the original log message intact,
-   learned "--fixup=(amend|reword):<commit>", that can be used to
-   tweak both the message and the contents, and only the message,
-   respectively.
-
- * "git send-email" learned to honor the core.hooksPath configuration.
-
- * "git format-patch -v<n>" learned to allow a reroll count that is
-   not an integer.
-
- * "git commit" learned "--trailer <key>[=<value>]" option; together
-   with the interpret-trailers command, this will make it easier to
-   support custom trailers.
-
- * "git clone --reject-shallow" option fails the clone as soon as we
-   notice that we are cloning from a shallow repository.
-
- * A configuration variable has been added to force tips of certain
-   refs to be given a reachability bitmap.
-
- * "gitweb" learned "e-mail privacy" feature to redact strings that
-   look like e-mail addresses on various pages.
-
- * "git apply --3way" has always been "to fall back to 3-way merge
-   only when straight application fails". Swap the order of falling
-   back so that 3-way is always attempted first (only when the option
-   is given, of course) and then straight patch application is used as
-   a fallback when it fails.
-
- * "git apply" now takes "--3way" and "--cached" at the same time, and
-   work and record results only in the index.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) has learned that
-   CHERRY_PICK_HEAD is a possible pseudo-ref.
-
- * Userdiff patterns for "Scheme" has been added.
-
- * "git log" learned "--diff-merges=<style>" option, with an
-   associated configuration variable log.diffMerges.
-
- * "git log --format=..." placeholders learned %ah/%ch placeholders to
-   request the --date=human output.
-
- * Replace GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM mechanism to decline from reading the
-   system-wide configuration file with GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM that lets
-   users specify from which file to read the system-wide configuration
-   (setting it to an empty file would essentially be the same as
-   setting NOSYSTEM), and introduce GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL to override the
-   per-user configuration in $HOME/.gitconfig.
-
- * "git add" and "git rm" learned not to touch those paths that are
-   outside of sparse checkout.
-
- * "git rev-list" learns the "--filter=object:type=<type>" option,
-   which can be used to exclude objects of the given kind from the
-   packfile generated by pack-objects.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) for "git stash" has been
-   updated.
-
- * "git subtree" updates.
-
- * It is now documented that "format-patch" skips merges.
-
- * Options to "git pack-objects" that take numeric values like
-   --window and --depth should not accept negative values; the input
-   validation has been tightened.
-
- * The way the command line specified by the trailer.<token>.command
-   configuration variable receives the end-user supplied value was
-   both error prone and misleading.  An alternative to achieve the
-   same goal in a safer and more intuitive way has been added, as
-   the trailer.<token>.cmd configuration variable, to replace it.
-
- * "git add -i --dry-run" does not dry-run, which was surprising.  The
-   combination of options has taught to error out.
-
- * "git push" learns to discover common ancestor with the receiving
-   end over protocol v2.  This will hopefully make "git push" as
-   efficient as "git fetch" in avoiding objects from getting
-   transferred unnecessarily.
-
- * "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") learned the "--quoted-cr" option to
-   control how lines ending with CRLF wrapped in base64 or qp are
-   handled.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * Rename detection rework continues.
-
- * GIT_TEST_FAIL_PREREQS is a mechanism to skip test pieces with
-   prerequisites to catch broken tests that depend on the side effects
-   of optional pieces, but did not work at all when negative
-   prerequisites were involved.
-   (merge 27d578d904 jk/fail-prereq-testfix later to maint).
-
- * "git diff-index" codepath has been taught to trust fsmonitor status
-   to reduce number of lstat() calls.
-   (merge 7e5aa13d2c nk/diff-index-fsmonitor later to maint).
-
- * Reorganize Makefile to allow building git.o and other essential
-   objects without extra stuff needed only for testing.
-
- * Preparatory API changes for parallel checkout.
-
- * A simple IPC interface gets introduced to build services like
-   fsmonitor on top.
-
- * Fsck API clean-up.
-
- * SECURITY.md that is facing individual contributors and end users
-   has been introduced.  Also a procedure to follow when preparing
-   embargoed releases has been spelled out.
-   (merge 09420b7648 js/security-md later to maint).
-
- * Optimize "rev-list --use-bitmap-index --objects" corner case that
-   uses negative tags as the stopping points.
-
- * CMake update for vsbuild.
-
- * An on-disk reverse-index to map the in-pack location of an object
-   back to its object name across multiple packfiles is introduced.
-
- * Generate [ec]tags under $(QUIET_GEN).
-
- * Clean-up codepaths that implements "git send-email --validate"
-   option and improves the message from it.
-
- * The last remnant of gettext-poison has been removed.
-
- * The test framework has been taught to optionally turn the default
-   merge strategy to "ort" throughout the system where we use
-   three-way merges internally, like cherry-pick, rebase etc.,
-   primarily to enhance its test coverage (the strategy has been
-   available as an explicit "-s ort" choice).
-
- * A bit of code clean-up and a lot of test clean-up around userdiff
-   area.
-
- * Handling of "promisor packs" that allows certain objects to be
-   missing and lazily retrievable has been optimized (a bit).
-
- * When packet_write() fails, we gave an extra error message
-   unnecessarily, which has been corrected.
-
- * The checkout machinery has been taught to perform the actual
-   write-out of the files in parallel when able.
-
- * Show errno in the trace output in the error codepath that calls
-   read_raw_ref method.
-
- * Effort to make the command line completion (in contrib/) safe with
-   "set -u" continues.
-
- * Tweak a few tests for "log --format=..." that show timestamps in
-   various formats.
-
- * The reflog expiry machinery has been taught to emit trace events.
-
- * Over-the-wire protocol learns a new request type to ask for object
-   sizes given a list of object names.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.31
------------------
-
- * The fsmonitor interface read from its input without making sure
-   there is something to read from.  This bug is new in 2.31
-   timeframe.
-
- * The data structure used by fsmonitor interface was not properly
-   duplicated during an in-core merge, leading to use-after-free etc.
-
- * "git bisect" reimplemented more in C during 2.30 timeframe did not
-   take an annotated tag as a good/bad endpoint well.  This regression
-   has been corrected.
-
- * Fix macros that can silently inject unintended null-statements.
-
- * CALLOC_ARRAY() macro replaces many uses of xcalloc().
-
- * Update insn in Makefile comments to run fuzz-all target.
-
- * Fix a corner case bug in "git mv" on case insensitive systems,
-   which was introduced in 2.29 timeframe.
-
- * We had a code to diagnose and die cleanly when a required
-   clean/smudge filter is missing, but an assert before that
-   unnecessarily fired, hiding the end-user facing die() message.
-   (merge 6fab35f748 mt/cleanly-die-upon-missing-required-filter later to maint).
-
- * Update C code that sets a few configuration variables when a remote
-   is configured so that it spells configuration variable names in the
-   canonical camelCase.
-   (merge 0f1da600e6 ab/remote-write-config-in-camel-case later to maint).
-
- * A new configuration variable has been introduced to allow choosing
-   which version of the generation number gets used in the
-   commit-graph file.
-   (merge 702110aac6 ds/commit-graph-generation-config later to maint).
-
- * Perf test update to work better in secondary worktrees.
-   (merge 36e834abc1 jk/perf-in-worktrees later to maint).
-
- * Updates to memory allocation code around the use of pcre2 library.
-   (merge c1760352e0 ab/grep-pcre2-allocfix later to maint).
-
- * "git -c core.bare=false clone --bare ..." would have segfaulted,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 75555676ad bc/clone-bare-with-conflicting-config later to maint).
-
- * When "git checkout" removes a path that does not exist in the
-   commit it is checking out, it wasn't careful enough not to follow
-   symbolic links, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fab78a0c3d mt/checkout-remove-nofollow later to maint).
-
- * A few option description strings started with capital letters,
-   which were corrected.
-   (merge 5ee90326dc cc/downcase-opt-help later to maint).
-
- * Plug or annotate remaining leaks that trigger while running the
-   very basic set of tests.
-   (merge 68ffe095a2 ah/plugleaks later to maint).
-
- * The hashwrite() API uses a buffering mechanism to avoid calling
-   write(2) too frequently. This logic has been refactored to be
-   easier to understand.
-   (merge ddaf1f62e3 ds/clarify-hashwrite later to maint).
-
- * "git cherry-pick/revert" with or without "--[no-]edit" did not spawn
-   the editor as expected (e.g. "revert --no-edit" after a conflict
-   still asked to edit the message), which has been corrected.
-   (merge 39edfd5cbc en/sequencer-edit-upon-conflict-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git daemon" has been tightened against systems that take backslash
-   as directory separator.
-   (merge 9a7f1ce8b7 rs/daemon-sanitize-dir-sep later to maint).
-
- * A NULL-dereference bug has been corrected in an error codepath in
-   "git for-each-ref", "git branch --list" etc.
-   (merge c685450880 jk/ref-filter-segfault-fix later to maint).
-
- * Streamline the codepath to fix the UTF-8 encoding issues in the
-   argv[] and the prefix on macOS.
-   (merge c7d0e61016 tb/precompose-prefix-simplify later to maint).
-
- * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) had a couple of
-   references that would have given a warning under the "-u" (nounset)
-   option.
-   (merge c5c0548d79 vs/completion-with-set-u later to maint).
-
- * When "git pack-objects" makes a literal copy of a part of existing
-   packfile using the reachability bitmaps, its update to the progress
-   meter was broken.
-   (merge 8e118e8490 jk/pack-objects-bitmap-progress-fix later to maint).
-
- * The dependencies for config-list.h and command-list.h were broken
-   when the former was split out of the latter, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 56550ea718 sg/bugreport-fixes later to maint).
-
- * "git push --quiet --set-upstream" was not quiet when setting the
-   upstream branch configuration, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f3cce896a8 ow/push-quiet-set-upstream later to maint).
-
- * The prefetch task in "git maintenance" assumed that "git fetch"
-   from any remote would fetch all its local branches, which would
-   fetch too much if the user is interested in only a subset of
-   branches there.
-   (merge 32f67888d8 ds/maintenance-prefetch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Clarify that pathnames recorded in Git trees are most often (but
-   not necessarily) encoded in UTF-8.
-   (merge 9364bf465d ab/pathname-encoding-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git --config-env var=val cmd" weren't accepted (only
-   --config-env=var=val was).
-   (merge c331551ccf ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value later to maint).
-
- * When the reachability bitmap is in effect, the "do not lose
-   recently created objects and those that are reachable from them"
-   safety to protect us from races were disabled by mistake, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge 2ba582ba4c jk/prune-with-bitmap-fix later to maint).
-
- * Cygwin pathname handling fix.
-   (merge bccc37fdc7 ad/cygwin-no-backslashes-in-paths later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase --[no-]reschedule-failed-exec" did not work well with
-   its configuration variable, which has been corrected.
-   (merge e5b32bffd1 ab/rebase-no-reschedule-failed-exec later to maint).
-
- * Portability fix for command line completion script (in contrib/).
-   (merge f2acf763e2 si/zsh-complete-comment-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git repack -A -d" in a partial clone unnecessarily loosened
-   objects in promisor pack.
-
- * "git bisect skip" when custom words are used for new/old did not
-   work, which has been corrected.
-
- * A few variants of informational message "Already up-to-date" has
-   been rephrased.
-   (merge ad9322da03 js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword later to maint).
-
- * "git submodule update --quiet" did not propagate the quiet option
-   down to underlying "git fetch", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 62af4bdd42 nc/submodule-update-quiet later to maint).
-
- * Document that our test can use "local" keyword.
-   (merge a84fd3bcc6 jc/test-allows-local later to maint).
-
- * The word-diff mode has been taught to work better with a word
-   regexp that can match an empty string.
-   (merge 0324e8fc6b pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches later to maint).
-
- * "git p4" learned to find branch points more efficiently.
-   (merge 6b79818bfb jk/p4-locate-branch-point-optim later to maint).
-
- * When "git update-ref -d" removes a ref that is packed, it left
-   empty directories under $GIT_DIR/refs/ for
-   (merge 5f03e5126d wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup later to maint).
-
- * "git clean" and "git ls-files -i" had confusion around working on
-   or showing ignored paths inside an ignored directory, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge b548f0f156 en/dir-traversal later to maint).
-
- * The handling of "%(push)" formatting element of "for-each-ref" and
-   friends was broken when the same codepath started handling
-   "%(push:<what>)", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 1e1c4c5eac zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix later to maint).
-
- * The bash prompt script (in contrib/) did not work under "set -u".
-   (merge 5c0cbdb107 en/prompt-under-set-u later to maint).
-
- * The "chainlint" feature in the test framework is a handy way to
-   catch common mistakes in writing new tests, but tends to get
-   expensive.  An knob to selectively disable it has been introduced
-   to help running tests that the developer has not modified.
-   (merge 2d86a96220 jk/test-chainlint-softer later to maint).
-
- * The "rev-parse" command did not diagnose the lack of argument to
-   "--path-format" option, which was introduced in v2.31 era, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 99fc555188 wm/rev-parse-path-format-wo-arg later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge f451960708 dl/cat-file-doc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 12604a8d0c sv/t9801-test-path-is-file-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ea7e63921c jr/doc-ignore-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 23c781f173 ps/update-ref-trans-hook-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 42efa1231a jk/filter-branch-sha256 later to maint).
-   (merge 4c8e3dca6e tb/push-simple-uses-branch-merge-config later to maint).
-   (merge 6534d436a2 bs/asciidoctor-installation-hints later to maint).
-   (merge 47957485b3 ab/read-tree later to maint).
-   (merge 2be927f3d1 ab/diff-no-index-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 76593c09bb ab/detox-gettext-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 28e29ee38b jc/doc-format-patch-clarify later to maint).
-   (merge fc12b6fdde fm/user-manual-use-preface later to maint).
-   (merge dba94e3a85 cc/test-helper-bloom-usage-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 61a7660516 hn/reftable-tables-doc-update later to maint).
-   (merge 81ed96a9b2 jt/fetch-pack-request-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 151b6c2dd7 jc/doc-do-not-capitalize-clarification later to maint).
-   (merge 9160068ac6 js/access-nul-emulation-on-windows later to maint).
-   (merge 7a14acdbe6 po/diff-patch-doc later to maint).
-   (merge f91371b948 pw/patience-diff-clean-up later to maint).
-   (merge 3a7f0908b6 mt/clean-clean later to maint).
-   (merge d4e2d15a8b ab/streaming-simplify later to maint).
-   (merge 0e59f7ad67 ah/merge-ort-i18n later to maint).
-   (merge e6f68f62e0 ls/typofix later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.0.txt

@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.33 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Backward compatibility notes
-----------------------------
-
- * The "-m" option in "git log -m" that does not specify which format,
-   if any, of diff is desired did not have any visible effect; it now
-   implies some form of diff (by default "--patch") is produced.
-
-   You can disable the diff output with "git log -m --no-patch", but
-   then there probably isn't much point in passing "-m" in the first
-   place ;-).
-
-
-Updates since Git 2.32
-----------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * "git send-email" learned the "--sendmail-cmd" command line option
-   and the "sendemail.sendmailCmd" configuration variable, which is a
-   more sensible approach than the current way of repurposing the
-   "smtp-server" that is meant to name the server to instead name the
-   command to talk to the server.
-
- * The "-m" option in "git log -m" that does not specify which format,
-   if any, of diff is desired did not have any visible effect; it now
-   implies some form of diff (by default "--patch") is produced.
-
- * The userdiff pattern for C# learned the token "record".
-
- * "git rev-list" learns to omit the "commit <object-name>" header
-   lines from the output with the `--no-commit-header` option.
-
- * "git worktree add --lock" learned to record why the worktree is
-   locked with a custom message.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * The code to handle the "--format" option in "for-each-ref" and
-   friends made too many string comparisons on %(atom)s used in the
-   format string, which has been corrected by converting them into
-   enum when the format string is parsed.
-
- * Use the hashfile API in the codepath that writes the index file to
-   reduce code duplication.
-
- * Repeated rename detections in a sequence of mergy operations have
-   been optimize out.
-
- * Preliminary clean-up of tests before the main reftable changes
-   hits the codebase.
-
- * The backend for "diff -G/-S" has been updated to use pcre2 engine
-   when available.
-
- * Use ".DELETE_ON_ERROR" pseudo target to simplify our Makefile.
-
- * Code cleanup around struct_type_init() functions.
-
- * "git send-email" optimization.
-
- * GitHub Actions / CI update.
-   (merge 0dc787a9f2 js/ci-windows-update later to maint).
-
- * Object accesses in repositories with many alternate object store
-   have been optimized.
-
- * "git log" has been optimized not to waste cycles to load ref
-   decoration data that may not be needed.
-
- * Many "printf"-like helper functions we have have been annotated
-   with __attribute__() to catch placeholder/parameter mismatches.
-
- * Tests that cover protocol bits have been updated and helpers
-   used there have been consolidated.
-
- * The CI gained a new job to run "make sparse" check.
-
- * "git status" codepath learned to work with sparsely populated index
-   without hydrating it fully.
-
- * A guideline for gender neutral documentation has been added.
-
- * Documentation on "git diff -l<n>" and diff.renameLimit have been
-   updated, and the defaults for these limits have been raised.
-
- * The completion support used to offer alternate spelling of options
-   that exist only for compatibility, which has been corrected.
-
- * "TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=there make test" failed to work, which has
-   been corrected.
-
- * "git bundle" gained more test coverage.
-
- * "git read-tree" had a codepath where blobs are fetched one-by-one
-   from the promisor remote, which has been corrected to fetch in bulk.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.32
------------------
-
- * We historically rejected a very short string as an author name
-   while accepting a patch e-mail, which has been loosened.
-   (merge 72ee47ceeb ef/mailinfo-short-name later to maint).
-
- * The parallel checkout codepath did not initialize object ID field
-   used to talk to the worker processes in a futureproof way.
-
- * Rewrite code that triggers undefined behaviour warning.
-   (merge aafa5df0df jn/size-t-casted-to-off-t-fix later to maint).
-
- * The description of "fast-forward" in the glossary has been updated.
-   (merge e22f2daed0 ry/clarify-fast-forward-in-glossary later to maint).
-
- * Recent "git clone" left a temporary directory behind when the
-   transport layer returned an failure.
-   (merge 6aacb7d861 jk/clone-clean-upon-transport-error later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch" over protocol v2 left its side of the socket open after
-   it finished speaking, which unnecessarily wasted the resource on
-   the other side.
-   (merge ae1a7eefff jk/fetch-pack-v2-half-close-early later to maint).
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) learned that "git diff"
-   takes the "--anchored" option.
-   (merge d1e7c2cac9 tb/complete-diff-anchored later to maint).
-
- * "git-svn" tests assumed that "locale -a", which is used to pick an
-   available UTF-8 locale, is available everywhere.  A knob has been
-   introduced to allow testers to specify a suitable locale to use.
-   (merge 482c962de4 dd/svn-test-wo-locale-a later to maint).
-
- * Update "git subtree" to work better on Windows.
-   (merge 77f37de39f js/subtree-on-windows-fix later to maint).
-
- * Remove multimail from contrib/
-   (merge f74d11471f js/no-more-multimail later to maint).
-
- * Make the codebase MSAN clean.
-   (merge 4dbc55e87d ah/uninitialized-reads-fix later to maint).
-
- * Work around inefficient glob substitution in older versions of bash
-   by rewriting parts of a test.
-   (merge eb87c6f559 jx/t6020-with-older-bash later to maint).
-
- * Avoid duplicated work while building reachability bitmaps.
-   (merge aa9ad6fee5 jk/bitmap-tree-optim later to maint).
-
- * We broke "GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t?000" to skip certain tests in recent
-   update, which got fixed.
-
- * The side-band demultiplexer that is used to display progress output
-   from the remote end did not clear the line properly when the end of
-   line hits at a packet boundary, which has been corrected.
-
- * Some test scripts assumed that readlink(1) was universally
-   installed and available, which is not the case.
-   (merge 7c0afdf23c jk/test-without-readlink-1 later to maint).
-
- * Recent update to completion script (in contrib/) broke those who
-   use the __git_complete helper to define completion to their custom
-   command.
-   (merge cea232194d fw/complete-cmd-idx-fix later to maint).
-
- * Output from some of our tests were affected by the width of the
-   terminal that they were run in, which has been corrected by
-   exporting a fixed value in the COLUMNS environment.
-   (merge c49a177bec ab/fix-columns-to-80-during-tests later to maint).
-
- * On Windows, mergetool has been taught to find kdiff3.exe just like
-   it finds winmerge.exe.
-   (merge 47eb4c6890 ms/mergetools-kdiff3-on-windows later to maint).
-
- * When we cannot figure out how wide the terminal is, we use a
-   fallback value of 80 ourselves (which cannot be avoided), but when
-   we run the pager, we export it in COLUMNS, which forces the pager
-   to use the hardcoded value, even when the pager is perfectly
-   capable to figure it out itself.  Stop exporting COLUMNS when we
-   fall back on the hardcoded default value for our own use.
-   (merge 9b6e2c8b98 js/stop-exporting-bogus-columns later to maint).
-
- * "git cat-file --batch-all-objects"" misbehaved when "--batch" is in
-   use and did not ask for certain object traits.
-   (merge ee02ac6164 zh/cat-file-batch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Some code and doc clarification around "git push".
-
- * The "union" conflict resultion variant misbehaved when used with
-   binary merge driver.
-   (merge 382b601acd jk/union-merge-binary later to maint).
-
- * Prevent "git p4" from failing to submit changes to binary file.
-   (merge 54662d5958 dc/p4-binary-submit-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git grep --and -e foo" ought to have been diagnosed as an error
-   but instead segfaulted, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fe7fe62d8d rs/grep-parser-fix later to maint).
-
- * The merge code had funny interactions between content based rename
-   detection and directory rename detection.
-   (merge 3585d0ea23 en/merge-dir-rename-corner-case-fix later to maint).
-
- * When rebuilding the multi-pack index file reusing an existing one,
-   we used to blindly trust the existing file and ended up carrying
-   corrupted data into the updated file, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f89ecf7988 tb/midx-use-checksum later to maint).
-
- * Update the location of system-side configuration file on Windows.
-   (merge e355307692 js/gfw-system-config-loc-fix later to maint).
-
- * Code recently added to support common ancestry negotiation during
-   "git push" did not sanity check its arguments carefully enough.
-   (merge eff40457a4 ab/fetch-negotiate-segv-fix later to maint).
-
- * Update the documentation not to assume users are of certain gender
-   and adds to guidelines to do so.
-   (merge 46a237f42f ds/gender-neutral-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git commit --allow-empty-message" won't abort the operation upon
-   an empty message, but the hint shown in the editor said otherwise.
-   (merge 6f70f00b4f hj/commit-allow-empty-message later to maint).
-
- * The code that gives an error message in "git multi-pack-index" when
-   no subcommand is given tried to print a NULL pointer as a strong,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 88617d11f9 tb/reverse-midx later to maint).
-
- * CI update.
-   (merge a066a90db6 js/ci-check-whitespace-updates later to maint).
-
- * Documentation fix for "git pull --rebase=no".
-   (merge d3236becec fc/pull-no-rebase-merges-theirs-into-ours later to maint).
-
- * A race between repacking and using pack bitmaps has been corrected.
-   (merge dc1daacdcc jk/check-pack-valid-before-opening-bitmap later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge bfe35a6165 ah/doc-describe later to maint).
-   (merge f302c1e4aa jc/clarify-revision-range later to maint).
-   (merge 3127ff90ea tl/fix-packfile-uri-doc later to maint).
-   (merge a84216c684 jk/doc-color-pager later to maint).
-   (merge 4e0a64a713 ab/trace2-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge 225f7fa847 ps/rev-list-object-type-filter later to maint).
-   (merge 5317dfeaed dd/honor-users-tar-in-tests later to maint).
-   (merge ace6d8e3d6 tk/partial-clone-repack-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 7ba68e0cf1 js/trace2-discard-event-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge 8603c419d3 fc/doc-default-to-upstream-config later to maint).
-   (merge 1d72b604ef jk/revision-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge abcb66c614 ar/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 9853830787 ah/graph-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge aac578492d ab/config-hooks-path-testfix later to maint).
-   (merge 98c7656a18 ar/more-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 6fb9195f6c jk/doc-max-pack-size later to maint).
-   (merge 4184cbd635 ar/mailinfo-memcmp-to-skip-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge 91d2347033 ar/doc-libera-chat-in-my-first-contrib later to maint).
-   (merge 338abb0f04 ab/cmd-foo-should-return later to maint).
-   (merge 546096a5cb ab/xdiff-bug-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b7b793d1e7 ab/progress-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge d94f9b8e90 ba/object-info later to maint).
-   (merge 52ff891c03 ar/test-code-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge a0538e5c8b dd/document-log-decorate-default later to maint).
-   (merge ce24797d38 mr/cmake later to maint).
-   (merge 9eb542f2ee ab/pre-auto-gc-hook-test later to maint).
-   (merge 9fffc38583 bk/doc-commit-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 1cf823d8f0 ks/submodule-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ebbf5d2b70 js/config-mak-windows-pcre-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 617480d75b hn/refs-iterator-peel-returns-boolean later to maint).
-   (merge 6a24cc71ed ar/submodule-helper-include-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 5632e838f8 rs/khash-alloc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b1d87fbaf1 jk/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge e04170697a ab/gitignore-discovery-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 8232a0ff48 dl/packet-read-response-end-fix later to maint).
-   (merge eb448631fb dl/diff-merge-base later to maint).
-   (merge c510928a25 hn/refs-debug-empty-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge ddcb189d9d tb/bitmap-type-filter-comment-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 878b399734 pb/submodule-recurse-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 734283855f jk/config-env-doc later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ notes for details).
    on that order.
 
  * "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
-   rev, i.e. the object named by the pathname with wildcard
+   rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
    characters in a tree object.
    (merge aac4fac nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
 

Documentation/SubmittingPatches

@@ -117,13 +117,10 @@ If in doubt which identifier to use, run `git log --no-merges` on the
 files you are modifying to see the current conventions.
 
 [[summary-section]]
-The title sentence after the "area:" prefix omits the full stop at the
-end, and its first word is not capitalized unless there is a reason to
-capitalize it other than because it is the first word in the sentence.
-E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc: Clarify...", or "githooks.txt:
-improve...", not "githooks.txt: Improve...".  But "refs: HEAD is also
-treated as a ref" is correct, as we spell `HEAD` in all caps even when
-it appears in the middle of a sentence.
+It's customary to start the remainder of the first line after "area: "
+with a lower-case letter. E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc:
+Clarify...", or "githooks.txt: improve...", not "githooks.txt:
+Improve...".
 
 [[meaningful-message]]
 The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
@@ -373,8 +370,9 @@ If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
 . `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
   the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
 . `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
-  reviewers themselves when they are completely satisfied with the
-  patch after a detailed analysis.
+  reviewer and means that she is completely satisfied that the patch
+  is ready for application.  It is usually offered only after a
+  detailed review.
 . `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
   and found it to have the desired effect.
 

Documentation/config.txt

@@ -440,6 +440,8 @@ include::config/rerere.txt[]
 
 include::config/reset.txt[]
 
+include::config/safe.txt[]
+
 include::config/sendemail.txt[]
 
 include::config/sequencer.txt[]

Documentation/config/advice.txt

@@ -119,8 +119,4 @@ advice.*::
 	addEmptyPathspec::
 		Advice shown if a user runs the add command without providing
 		the pathspec parameter.
-	updateSparsePath::
-		Advice shown when either linkgit:git-add[1] or linkgit:git-rm[1]
-		is asked to update index entries outside the current sparse
-		checkout.
 --

Documentation/config/blame.txt

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ blame.ignoreRevsFile::
 	file names will reset the list of ignored revisions.  This option will
 	be handled before the command line option `--ignore-revs-file`.
 
-blame.markUnblamableLines::
+blame.markUnblamables::
 	Mark lines that were changed by an ignored revision that we could not
 	attribute to another commit with a '*' in the output of
 	linkgit:git-blame[1].

Documentation/config/checkout.txt

@@ -21,24 +21,3 @@ checkout.guess::
 	Provides the default value for the `--guess` or `--no-guess`
 	option in `git checkout` and `git switch`. See
 	linkgit:git-switch[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1].
-
-checkout.workers::
-	The number of parallel workers to use when updating the working tree.
-	The default is one, i.e. sequential execution. If set to a value less
-	than one, Git will use as many workers as the number of logical cores
-	available. This setting and `checkout.thresholdForParallelism` affect
-	all commands that perform checkout. E.g. checkout, clone, reset,
-	sparse-checkout, etc.
-+
-Note: parallel checkout usually delivers better performance for repositories
-located on SSDs or over NFS. For repositories on spinning disks and/or machines
-with a small number of cores, the default sequential checkout often performs
-better. The size and compression level of a repository might also influence how
-well the parallel version performs.
-
-checkout.thresholdForParallelism::
-	When running parallel checkout with a small number of files, the cost
-	of subprocess spawning and inter-process communication might outweigh
-	the parallelization gains. This setting allows to define the minimum
-	number of files for which parallel checkout should be attempted. The
-	default is 100.

Documentation/config/clone.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,3 @@ clone.defaultRemoteName::
 	The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
 	`origin`, and can be overridden by passing the `--origin` command-line
 	option to linkgit:git-clone[1].
-
-clone.rejectShallow::
-	Reject to clone a repository if it is a shallow one, can be overridden by
-	passing option `--reject-shallow` in command line. See linkgit:git-clone[1]

Documentation/config/color.txt

@@ -127,9 +127,8 @@ color.interactive.<slot>::
 	interactive commands.
 
 color.pager::
-	A boolean to specify whether `auto` color modes should colorize
-	output going to the pager. Defaults to true; set this to false
-	if your pager does not understand ANSI color codes.
+	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
+	use (default is true).
 
 color.push::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in push errors. May be set to

Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-commitGraph.generationVersion::
-	Specifies the type of generation number version to use when writing
-	or reading the commit-graph file. If version 1 is specified, then
-	the corrected commit dates will not be written or read. Defaults to
-	2.
-
 commitGraph.maxNewFilters::
 	Specifies the default value for the `--max-new-filters` option of `git
 	commit-graph write` (c.f., linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]).

Documentation/config/diff.txt

@@ -118,10 +118,9 @@ diff.orderFile::
 	relative to the top of the working tree.
 
 diff.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
-	copy/rename detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option
-	`-l`.  If not set, the default value is currently 1000.  This
-	setting has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
+	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`. This setting
+	has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
 
 diff.renames::
 	Whether and how Git detects renames.  If set to "false",

Documentation/config/fetch.txt

@@ -69,8 +69,7 @@ fetch.negotiationAlgorithm::
 	setting defaults to "skipping".
 	Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out.
 +
-See also the `--negotiate-only` and `--negotiation-tip` options to
-linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+See also the `--negotiation-tip` option for linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 fetch.showForcedUpdates::
 	Set to false to enable `--no-show-forced-updates` in

Documentation/config/index.txt

@@ -14,11 +14,6 @@ index.recordOffsetTable::
 	Defaults to 'true' if index.threads has been explicitly enabled,
 	'false' otherwise.
 
-index.sparse::
-	When enabled, write the index using sparse-directory entries. This
-	has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` and
-	`core.sparseCheckoutCone` are both enabled. Defaults to 'false'.
-
 index.threads::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when loading the index.
 	This is meant to reduce index load time on multiprocessor machines.

Documentation/config/log.txt

@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ log.excludeDecoration::
 	the config option can be overridden by the `--decorate-refs`
 	option.
 
-log.diffMerges::
-	Set default diff format to be used for merge commits. See
-	`--diff-merges` in linkgit:git-log[1] for details.
-	Defaults to `separate`.
-
 log.follow::
 	If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
 	a single <path> is given.  This has the same limitations as `--follow`,

Documentation/config/merge.txt

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote`
 	are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch`
 	to their corresponding remote-tracking branches, and the tips of
-	these tracking branches are merged. Defaults to true.
+	these tracking branches are merged.
 
 merge.ff::
 	By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
@@ -33,12 +33,10 @@ merge.verifySignatures::
 include::fmt-merge-msg.txt[]
 
 merge.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
-	rename detection during a merge.  If not specified, defaults
-	to the value of diff.renameLimit.  If neither
-	merge.renameLimit nor diff.renameLimit are specified,
-	currently defaults to 7000.  This setting has no effect if
-	rename detection is turned off.
+	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
+	during a merge; if not specified, defaults to the value of
+	diff.renameLimit. This setting has no effect if rename detection
+	is turned off.
 
 merge.renames::
 	Whether Git detects renames.  If set to "false", rename detection

Documentation/config/pack.txt

@@ -99,23 +99,12 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
 	packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
 	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
 	option of linkgit:git-repack[1].  Reaching this limit results
-	in the creation of multiple packfiles.
-+
-Note that this option is rarely useful, and may result in a larger total
-on-disk size (because Git will not store deltas between packs), as well
-as worse runtime performance (object lookup within multiple packs is
-slower than a single pack, and optimizations like reachability bitmaps
-cannot cope with multiple packs).
-+
-If you need to actively run Git using smaller packfiles (e.g., because your
-filesystem does not support large files), this option may help. But if
-your goal is to transmit a packfile over a medium that supports limited
-sizes (e.g., removable media that cannot store the whole repository),
-you are likely better off creating a single large packfile and splitting
-it using a generic multi-volume archive tool (e.g., Unix `split`).
-+
-The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
-Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
+	in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents
+	bitmaps from being created.
+	The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+	The default is unlimited.
+	Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
+	supported.
 
 pack.useBitmaps::
 	When true, git will use pack bitmaps (if available) when packing
@@ -133,21 +122,6 @@ pack.useSparse::
 	commits contain certain types of direct renames. Default is
 	`true`.
 
-pack.preferBitmapTips::
-	When selecting which commits will receive bitmaps, prefer a
-	commit at the tip of any reference that is a suffix of any value
-	of this configuration over any other commits in the "selection
-	window".
-+
-Note that setting this configuration to `refs/foo` does not mean that
-the commits at the tips of `refs/foo/bar` and `refs/foo/baz` will
-necessarily be selected. This is because commits are selected for
-bitmaps from within a series of windows of variable length.
-+
-If a commit at the tip of any reference which is a suffix of any value
-of this configuration is seen in a window, it is immediately given
-preference over any other commit in that window.
-
 pack.writeBitmaps (deprecated)::
 	This is a deprecated synonym for `repack.writeBitmaps`.
 

Documentation/config/push.txt

@@ -24,14 +24,15 @@ push.default::
 
 * `tracking` - This is a deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
 
-* `simple` - pushes the current branch with the same name on the remote.
+* `simple` - in centralized workflow, work like `upstream` with an
+  added safety to refuse to push if the upstream branch's name is
+  different from the local one.
 +
-If you are working on a centralized workflow (pushing to the same repository you
-pull from, which is typically `origin`), then you need to configure an upstream
-branch with the same name.
+When pushing to a remote that is different from the remote you normally
+pull from, work as `current`.  This is the safest option and is suited
+for beginners.
 +
-This mode is the default since Git 2.0, and is the safest option suited for
-beginners.
+This mode has become the default in Git 2.0.
 
 * `matching` - push all branches having the same name on both ends.
   This makes the repository you are pushing to remember the set of
@@ -119,10 +120,3 @@ push.useForceIfIncludes::
 	`--force-if-includes` as an option to linkgit:git-push[1]
 	in the command line. Adding `--no-force-if-includes` at the
 	time of push overrides this configuration setting.
-
-push.negotiate::
-	If set to "true", attempt to reduce the size of the packfile
-	sent by rounds of negotiation in which the client and the
-	server attempt to find commits in common. If "false", Git will
-	rely solely on the server's ref advertisement to find commits
-	in common.

Documentation/config/rebase.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+rebase.useBuiltin::
+	Unused configuration variable. Used in Git versions 2.20 and
+	2.21 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript
+	implementation of rebase. Now the built-in rewrite of it in C
+	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
+	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
+
 rebase.backend::
 	Default backend to use for rebasing.  Possible choices are
 	'apply' or 'merge'.  In the future, if the merge backend gains

Documentation/config/safe.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+safe.directory::
+	These config entries specify Git-tracked directories that are
+	considered safe even if they are owned by someone other than the
+	current user. By default, Git will refuse to even parse a Git
+	config of a repository owned by someone else, let alone run its
+	hooks, and this config setting allows users to specify exceptions,
+	e.g. for intentionally shared repositories (see the `--shared`
+	option in linkgit:git-init[1]).
++
+This is a multi-valued setting, i.e. you can add more than one directory
+via `git config --add`. To reset the list of safe directories (e.g. to
+override any such directories specified in the system config), add a
+`safe.directory` entry with an empty value.
++
+This config setting is only respected when specified in a system or global
+config, not when it is specified in a repository config or via the command
+line option `-c safe.directory=<path>`.
++
+The value of this setting is interpolated, i.e. `~/<path>` expands to a
+path relative to the home directory and `%(prefix)/<path>` expands to a
+path relative to Git's (runtime) prefix.
++
+To completely opt-out of this security check, set `safe.directory` to the
+string `*`. This will allow all repositories to be treated as if their
+directory was listed in the `safe.directory` list. If `safe.directory=*`
+is set in system config and you want to re-enable this protection, then
+initialize your list with an empty value before listing the repositories
+that you deem safe.

Documentation/config/sendemail.txt

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ sendemail.smtpEncryption::
 	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
 	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
 
+sendemail.smtpssl (deprecated)::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpEncryption = ssl'.
+
 sendemail.smtpsslcertpath::
 	Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file).
 	Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification.

Documentation/config/stash.txt

@@ -5,11 +5,6 @@ stash.useBuiltin::
 	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
 	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
 
-stash.showIncludeUntracked::
-	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command will show
-	the untracked files of a stash entry.  Defaults to false. See
-	description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1].
-
 stash.showPatch::
 	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command without an
 	option will show the stash entry in patch form.  Defaults to false.

Documentation/config/submodule.txt

@@ -58,9 +58,8 @@ submodule.active::
 	commands. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details.
 
 submodule.recurse::
-	A boolean indicating if commands should enable the `--recurse-submodules`
-	option by default.
-	Applies to all commands that support this option
+	Specifies if commands recurse into submodules by default. This
+	applies to all commands that have a `--recurse-submodules` option
 	(`checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, `reset`,
 	`restore` and `switch`) except `clone` and `ls-files`.
 	Defaults to false.

Documentation/config/uploadpack.txt

@@ -59,16 +59,15 @@ uploadpack.allowFilter::
 
 uploadpackfilter.allow::
 	Provides a default value for unspecified object filters (see: the
-	below configuration variable). If set to `true`, this will also
-	enable all filters which get added in the future.
+	below configuration variable).
 	Defaults to `true`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.<filter>.allow::
 	Explicitly allow or ban the object filter corresponding to
 	`<filter>`, where `<filter>` may be one of: `blob:none`,
-	`blob:limit`, `object:type`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`.
-	If using combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested
-	filter kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
+	`blob:limit`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`. If using
+	combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested filter
+	kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.tree.maxDepth::
 	Only allow `--filter=tree:<n>` when `<n>` is no more than the value of

Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ linkgit:git-diff-files[1]
 with the `-p` option produces patch text.
 You can customize the creation of patch text via the
 `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables
-(see linkgit:git[1]), and the `diff` attribute (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+(see linkgit:git[1]).
 
 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
 diff format:
@@ -74,11 +74,6 @@ separate lines indicate the old and the new mode.
       rename from b
       rename to a
 
-5.  Hunk headers mention the name of the function to which the hunk
-    applies.  See "Defining a custom hunk-header" in
-    linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details of how to tailor to this to
-    specific languages.
-
 
 Combined diff format
 --------------------

Documentation/diff-options.txt

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ endif::git-diff[]
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 ifdef::git-log[]
---diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc)::
+--diff-merges=(off|none|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc)::
 --no-diff-merges::
 	Specify diff format to be used for merge commits. Default is
 	{diff-merges-default} unless `--first-parent` is in use, in which case
@@ -45,24 +45,17 @@ ifdef::git-log[]
 	Disable output of diffs for merge commits. Useful to override
 	implied value.
 +
---diff-merges=on:::
---diff-merges=m:::
--m:::
-	This option makes diff output for merge commits to be shown in
-	the default format. The default format could be changed using
-	`log.diffMerges` configuration parameter, which default value
-	is `separate`. `-m` implies `-p`.
-+
 --diff-merges=first-parent:::
 --diff-merges=1:::
 	This option makes merge commits show the full diff with
 	respect to the first parent only.
 +
 --diff-merges=separate:::
+--diff-merges=m:::
+-m:::
 	This makes merge commits show the full diff with respect to
 	each of the parents. Separate log entry and diff is generated
-	for each parent. This is the format that `-m` produced
-	historically.
+	for each parent. `-m` doesn't produce any output without `-p`.
 +
 --diff-merges=combined:::
 --diff-merges=c:::
@@ -300,14 +293,11 @@ explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
 linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 --name-only::
-	Show only names of changed files. The file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
-	For more information see the discussion about encoding in the linkgit:git-log[1]
-	manual page.
+	Show only names of changed files.
 
 --name-status::
 	Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
-	Just like `--name-only` the file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
 
 --submodule[=<format>]::
 	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When specifying
@@ -588,17 +578,11 @@ When used together with `-B`, omit also the preimage in the deletion part
 of a delete/create pair.
 
 -l<num>::
-	The `-M` and `-C` options involve some preliminary steps that
-	can detect subsets of renames/copies cheaply, followed by an
-	exhaustive fallback portion that compares all remaining
-	unpaired destinations to all relevant sources.  (For renames,
-	only remaining unpaired sources are relevant; for copies, all
-	original sources are relevant.)  For N sources and
-	destinations, this exhaustive check is O(N^2).  This option
-	prevents the exhaustive portion of rename/copy detection from
-	running if the number of source/destination files involved
-	exceeds the specified number.  Defaults to diff.renameLimit.
-	Note that a value of 0 is treated as unlimited.
+	The `-M` and `-C` options require O(n^2) processing time where n
+	is the number of potential rename/copy targets.  This
+	option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
+	the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
+	number.
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]::

Documentation/fetch-options.txt

@@ -62,17 +62,8 @@ The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly
 abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying
 this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
 +
-See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` and `push.negotiate`
-configuration variables documented in linkgit:git-config[1], and the
-`--negotiate-only` option below.
-
---negotiate-only::
-	Do not fetch anything from the server, and instead print the
-	ancestors of the provided `--negotiation-tip=*` arguments,
-	which we have in common with the server.
-+
-Internally this is used to implement the `push.negotiate` option, see
-linkgit:git-config[1].
+See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` configuration variable
+documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --dry-run::
 	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
@@ -119,11 +110,6 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	setting `fetch.writeCommitGraph`.
 endif::git-pull[]
 
---prefetch::
-	Modify the configured refspec to place all refs into the
-	`refs/prefetch/` namespace. See the `prefetch` task in
-	linkgit:git-maintenance[1].
-
 -p::
 --prune::
 	Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no

Documentation/git-am.txt

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
 	 [--[no-]scissors] [-S[<keyid>]] [--patch-format=<format>]
-	 [--quoted-cr=<action>]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
 'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)])
 
@@ -60,9 +59,6 @@ OPTIONS
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
---quoted-cr=<action>::
-	This flag will be passed down to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
-
 -m::
 --message-id::
 	Pass the `-m` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]),

Documentation/git-apply.txt

@@ -84,13 +84,12 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -3::
 --3way::
-	Attempt 3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed
-	to apply to and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
+	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
+	the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to,
+	and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
 	conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
-	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option unless the
-	`--cached` option is used, and is incompatible with the `--reject` option.
-	When used with the `--cached` option, any conflicts are left at higher stages
-	in the cache.
+	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option, and is incompatible
+	with the `--reject` and the `--cached` options.
 
 --build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'

Documentation/git-cat-file.txt

@@ -35,42 +35,42 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -t::
 	Instead of the content, show the object type identified by
-	`<object>`.
+	<object>.
 
 -s::
 	Instead of the content, show the object size identified by
-	`<object>`.
+	<object>.
 
 -e::
-	Exit with zero status if `<object>` exists and is a valid
-	object. If `<object>` is of an invalid format exit with non-zero and
+	Exit with zero status if <object> exists and is a valid
+	object. If <object> is of an invalid format exit with non-zero and
 	emits an error on stderr.
 
 -p::
-	Pretty-print the contents of `<object>` based on its type.
+	Pretty-print the contents of <object> based on its type.
 
 <type>::
-	Typically this matches the real type of `<object>` but asking
+	Typically this matches the real type of <object> but asking
 	for a type that can trivially be dereferenced from the given
-	`<object>` is also permitted.  An example is to ask for a
-	"tree" with `<object>` being a commit object that contains it,
-	or to ask for a "blob" with `<object>` being a tag object that
+	<object> is also permitted.  An example is to ask for a
+	"tree" with <object> being a commit object that contains it,
+	or to ask for a "blob" with <object> being a tag object that
 	points at it.
 
 --textconv::
 	Show the content as transformed by a textconv filter. In this case,
-	`<object>` has to be of the form `<tree-ish>:<path>`, or `:<path>` in
+	<object> has to be of the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path> in
 	order to apply the filter to the content recorded in the index at
-	`<path>`.
+	<path>.
 
 --filters::
 	Show the content as converted by the filters configured in
-	the current working tree for the given `<path>` (i.e. smudge filters,
-	end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, `<object>` has to be of
-	the form `<tree-ish>:<path>`, or `:<path>`.
+	the current working tree for the given <path> (i.e. smudge filters,
+	end-of-line conversion, etc). In this case, <object> has to be of
+	the form <tree-ish>:<path>, or :<path>.
 
 --path=<path>::
-	For use with `--textconv` or `--filters`, to allow specifying an object
+	For use with --textconv or --filters, to allow specifying an object
 	name and a path separately, e.g. when it is difficult to figure out
 	the revision from which the blob came.
 
@@ -115,15 +115,15 @@ OPTIONS
 	repository.
 
 --allow-unknown-type::
-	Allow `-s` or `-t` to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
+	Allow -s or -t to query broken/corrupt objects of unknown type.
 
 --follow-symlinks::
-	With `--batch` or `--batch-check`, follow symlinks inside the
+	With --batch or --batch-check, follow symlinks inside the
 	repository when requesting objects with extended SHA-1
 	expressions of the form tree-ish:path-in-tree.  Instead of
 	providing output about the link itself, provide output about
 	the linked-to object.  If a symlink points outside the
-	tree-ish (e.g. a link to `/foo` or a root-level link to `../foo`),
+	tree-ish (e.g. a link to /foo or a root-level link to ../foo),
 	the portion of the link which is outside the tree will be
 	printed.
 +
@@ -175,15 +175,15 @@ respectively print:
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
-If `-t` is specified, one of the `<type>`.
+If `-t` is specified, one of the <type>.
 
-If `-s` is specified, the size of the `<object>` in bytes.
+If `-s` is specified, the size of the <object> in bytes.
 
-If `-e` is specified, no output, unless the `<object>` is malformed.
+If `-e` is specified, no output, unless the <object> is malformed.
 
-If `-p` is specified, the contents of `<object>` are pretty-printed.
+If `-p` is specified, the contents of <object> are pretty-printed.
 
-If `<type>` is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the `<object>`
+If <type> is specified, the raw (though uncompressed) contents of the <object>
 will be returned.
 
 BATCH OUTPUT
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ object, with placeholders of the form `%(atom)` expanded, followed by a
 newline. The available atoms are:
 
 `objectname`::
-	The full hex representation of the object name.
+	The 40-hex object name of the object.
 
 `objecttype`::
 	The type of the object (the same as `cat-file -t` reports).
@@ -215,9 +215,8 @@ newline. The available atoms are:
 
 `deltabase`::
 	If the object is stored as a delta on-disk, this expands to the
-	full hex representation of the delta base object name.
-	Otherwise, expands to the null OID (all zeroes). See `CAVEATS`
-	below.
+	40-hex sha1 of the delta base object. Otherwise, expands to the
+	null sha1 (40 zeroes). See `CAVEATS` below.
 
 `rest`::
 	If this atom is used in the output string, input lines are split
@@ -236,14 +235,14 @@ newline.
 For example, `--batch` without a custom format would produce:
 
 ------------
-<oid> SP <type> SP <size> LF
+<sha1> SP <type> SP <size> LF
 <contents> LF
 ------------
 
 Whereas `--batch-check='%(objectname) %(objecttype)'` would produce:
 
 ------------
-<oid> SP <type> LF
+<sha1> SP <type> LF
 ------------
 
 If a name is specified on stdin that cannot be resolved to an object in
@@ -259,7 +258,7 @@ If a name is specified that might refer to more than one object (an ambiguous sh
 <object> SP ambiguous LF
 ------------
 
-If `--follow-symlinks` is used, and a symlink in the repository points
+If --follow-symlinks is used, and a symlink in the repository points
 outside the repository, then `cat-file` will ignore any custom format
 and print:
 
@@ -268,11 +267,11 @@ symlink SP <size> LF
 <symlink> LF
 ------------
 
-The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a `/`), or relative
-to the tree root.  For instance, if dir/link points to `../../foo`, then
-`<symlink>` will be `../foo`.  `<size>` is the size of the symlink in bytes.
+The symlink will either be absolute (beginning with a /), or relative
+to the tree root.  For instance, if dir/link points to ../../foo, then
+<symlink> will be ../foo.  <size> is the size of the symlink in bytes.
 
-If `--follow-symlinks` is used, the following error messages will be
+If --follow-symlinks is used, the following error messages will be
 displayed:
 
 ------------

Documentation/git-clone.txt

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	  [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
 	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--no-tags]
 	  [--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
-	  [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse] [--[no-]reject-shallow]
+	  [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse]
 	  [--filter=<filter>] [--] <repository>
 	  [<directory>]
 
@@ -149,11 +149,6 @@ objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
 --no-checkout::
 	No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 
---[no-]reject-shallow::
-	Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
-	The 'clone.rejectShallow' configuration variable can be used to
-	specify the default.
-
 --bare::
 	Make a 'bare' Git repository.  That is, instead of
 	creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative

Documentation/git-commit.txt

@@ -9,13 +9,12 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git commit' [-a | --interactive | --patch] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend]
-	   [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --squash) <commit> | --fixup [(amend|reword):]<commit>)]
+	   [--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --fixup | --squash) <commit>]
 	   [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
 	   [-i | -o] [--pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]]
-	   [(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [-S[<keyid>]]
-	   [--] [<pathspec>...]
+	   [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<pathspec>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -p::
 --patch::
-	Use the interactive patch selection interface to choose
+	Use the interactive patch selection interface to chose
 	which changes to commit. See linkgit:git-add[1] for
 	details.
 
@@ -87,44 +86,11 @@ OPTIONS
 	Like '-C', but with `-c` the editor is invoked, so that
 	the user can further edit the commit message.
 
---fixup=[(amend|reword):]<commit>::
-	Create a new commit which "fixes up" `<commit>` when applied with
-	`git rebase --autosquash`. Plain `--fixup=<commit>` creates a
-	"fixup!" commit which changes the content of `<commit>` but leaves
-	its log message untouched. `--fixup=amend:<commit>` is similar but
-	creates an "amend!" commit which also replaces the log message of
-	`<commit>` with the log message of the "amend!" commit.
-	`--fixup=reword:<commit>` creates an "amend!" commit which
-	replaces the log message of `<commit>` with its own log message
-	but makes no changes to the content of `<commit>`.
-+
-The commit created by plain `--fixup=<commit>` has a subject
-composed of "fixup!" followed by the subject line from <commit>,
-and is recognized specially by `git rebase --autosquash`. The `-m`
-option may be used to supplement the log message of the created
-commit, but the additional commentary will be thrown away once the
-"fixup!" commit is squashed into `<commit>` by
-`git rebase --autosquash`.
-+
-The commit created by `--fixup=amend:<commit>` is similar but its
-subject is instead prefixed with "amend!". The log message of
-<commit> is copied into the log message of the "amend!" commit and
-opened in an editor so it can be refined. When `git rebase
---autosquash` squashes the "amend!" commit into `<commit>`, the
-log message of `<commit>` is replaced by the refined log message
-from the "amend!" commit. It is an error for the "amend!" commit's
-log message to be empty unless `--allow-empty-message` is
-specified.
-+
-`--fixup=reword:<commit>` is shorthand for `--fixup=amend:<commit>
---only`. It creates an "amend!" commit with only a log message
-(ignoring any changes staged in the index). When squashed by `git
-rebase --autosquash`, it replaces the log message of `<commit>`
-without making any other changes.
-+
-Neither "fixup!" nor "amend!" commits change authorship of
-`<commit>` when applied by `git rebase --autosquash`.
-See linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details.
+--fixup=<commit>::
+	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
+	The commit message will be the subject line from the specified
+	commit with a prefix of "fixup! ".  See linkgit:git-rebase[1]
+	for details.
 
 --squash=<commit>::
 	Construct a commit message for use with `rebase --autosquash`.
@@ -200,17 +166,6 @@ The `-m` option is mutually exclusive with `-c`, `-C`, and `-F`.
 
 include::signoff-option.txt[]
 
---trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>]::
-	Specify a (<token>, <value>) pair that should be applied as a
-	trailer. (e.g. `git commit --trailer "Signed-off-by:C O Mitter \
-	<committer@example.com>" --trailer "Helped-by:C O Mitter \
-	<committer@example.com>"` will add the "Signed-off-by" trailer
-	and the "Helped-by" trailer to the commit message.)
-	The `trailer.*` configuration variables
-	(linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]) can be used to define if
-	a duplicated trailer is omitted, where in the run of trailers
-	each trailer would appear, and other details.
-
 -n::
 --no-verify::
 	This option bypasses the pre-commit and commit-msg hooks.

Documentation/git-config.txt

@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ codes are:
 
 On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
 
-[[OPTIONS]]
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
@@ -144,13 +143,7 @@ See also <<FILES>>.
 
 -f config-file::
 --file config-file::
-	For writing options: write to the specified file rather than the
-	repository `.git/config`.
-+
-For reading options: read only from the specified file rather than from all
-available files.
-+
-See also <<FILES>>.
+	Use the given config file instead of the one specified by GIT_CONFIG.
 
 --blob blob::
 	Similar to `--file` but use the given blob instead of a file. E.g.
@@ -332,18 +325,20 @@ All writing options will per default write to the repository specific
 configuration file. Note that this also affects options like `--replace-all`
 and `--unset`. *'git config' will only ever change one file at a time*.
 
-You can override these rules using the `--global`, `--system`,
-`--local`, `--worktree`, and `--file` command-line options; see
-<<OPTIONS>> above.
+You can override these rules either by command-line options or by environment
+variables. The `--global`, `--system` and `--worktree` options will limit
+the file used to the global, system-wide or per-worktree file respectively.
+The `GIT_CONFIG` environment variable has a similar effect, but you
+can specify any filename you want.
 
 
 ENVIRONMENT
 -----------
 
-GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL::
-GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM::
-	Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
-	system-level configuration. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
+GIT_CONFIG::
+	Take the configuration from the given file instead of .git/config.
+	Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig. Using the
+	"--system" option forces this to $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig.
 
 GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM::
 	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
@@ -367,12 +362,6 @@ This is useful for cases where you want to spawn multiple git commands
 with a common configuration but cannot depend on a configuration file,
 for example when writing scripts.
 
-GIT_CONFIG::
-	If no `--file` option is provided to `git config`, use the file
-	given by `GIT_CONFIG` as if it were provided via `--file`. This
-	variable has no effect on other Git commands, and is mostly for
-	historical compatibility; there is generally no reason to use it
-	instead of the `--file` option.
 
 [[EXAMPLES]]
 EXAMPLES

Documentation/git-credential.txt

@@ -159,7 +159,3 @@ empty string.
 +
 Components which are missing from the URL (e.g., there is no
 username in the example above) will be left unset.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt

@@ -24,18 +24,6 @@ Usage:
 [verse]
 'git-cvsserver' [<options>] [pserver|server] [<directory> ...]
 
-DESCRIPTION
------------
-
-This application is a CVS emulation layer for Git.
-
-It is highly functional. However, not all methods are implemented,
-and for those methods that are implemented,
-not all switches are implemented.
-
-Testing has been done using both the CLI CVS client, and the Eclipse CVS
-plugin. Most functionality works fine with both of these clients.
-
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
@@ -69,6 +57,18 @@ access still needs to be enabled by the `gitcvs.enabled` config option
 unless `--export-all` was given, too.
 
 
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This application is a CVS emulation layer for Git.
+
+It is highly functional. However, not all methods are implemented,
+and for those methods that are implemented,
+not all switches are implemented.
+
+Testing has been done using both the CLI CVS client, and the Eclipse CVS
+plugin. Most functionality works fine with both of these clients.
+
 LIMITATIONS
 -----------
 

Documentation/git-describe.txt

@@ -63,10 +63,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	Automatically implies --tags.
 
 --abbrev=<n>::
-	Instead of using the default number of hexadecimal digits (which
-	will vary according to the number of objects in the repository with
-	a default of 7) of the abbreviated object name, use <n> digits, or
-	as many digits as needed to form a unique object name. An <n> of 0
+	Instead of using the default 7 hexadecimal digits as the
+	abbreviated object name, use <n> digits, or as many digits
+	as needed to form a unique object name.  An <n> of 0
 	will suppress long format, only showing the closest tag.
 
 --candidates=<n>::
@@ -140,11 +139,8 @@ at the end.
 
 The number of additional commits is the number
 of commits which would be displayed by "git log v1.0.4..parent".
-The hash suffix is "-g" + an unambigous abbreviation for the tip commit
-of parent (which was `2414721b194453f058079d897d13c4e377f92dc6`). The
-length of the abbreviation scales as the repository grows, using the
-approximate number of objects in the repository and a bit of math
-around the birthday paradox, and defaults to a minimum of 7.
+The hash suffix is "-g" + unambiguous abbreviation for the tip commit
+of parent (which was `2414721b194453f058079d897d13c4e377f92dc6`).
 The "g" prefix stands for "git" and is used to allow describing the version of
 a software depending on the SCM the software is managed with. This is useful
 in an environment where people may use different SCMs.

Documentation/git-diff.txt

@@ -51,20 +51,16 @@ files on disk.
 	--staged is a synonym of --cached.
 +
 If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
-of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --cached --merge-base A` is equivalent to
-`git diff --cached $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
+of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
+`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
 
-'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
+'git diff' [<options>] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This form is to view the changes you have in your
 	working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
 	use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
 	branch name to compare with the tip of a different
 	branch.
-+
-If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
-of <commit> and HEAD.  `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
-`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
 
 'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 

Documentation/git-format-patch.txt

@@ -36,28 +36,11 @@ SYNOPSIS
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Prepare each non-merge commit with its "patch" in
-one "message" per commit, formatted to resemble a UNIX mailbox.
+Prepare each commit with its patch in
+one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
 The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
 for use with 'git am'.
 
-A "message" generated by the command consists of three parts:
-
-* A brief metadata header that begins with `From <commit>`
-  with a fixed `Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001` datestamp to help programs
-  like "file(1)" to recognize that the file is an output from this
-  command, fields that record the author identity, the author date,
-  and the title of the change (taken from the first paragraph of the
-  commit log message).
-
-* The second and subsequent paragraphs of the commit log message.
-
-* The "patch", which is the "diff -p --stat" output (see
-  linkgit:git-diff[1]) between the commit and its parent.
-
-The log message and the patch is separated by a line with a
-three-dash line.
-
 There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
 
 1. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
@@ -238,11 +221,6 @@ populated with placeholder text.
 	`--subject-prefix` option) has ` v<n>` appended to it.  E.g.
 	`--reroll-count=4` may produce `v4-0001-add-makefile.patch`
 	file that has "Subject: [PATCH v4 1/20] Add makefile" in it.
-	`<n>` does not have to be an integer (e.g. "--reroll-count=4.4",
-	or "--reroll-count=4rev2" are allowed), but the downside of
-	using such a reroll-count is that the range-diff/interdiff
-	with the previous version does not state exactly which
-	version the new interation is compared against.
 
 --to=<email>::
 	Add a `To:` header to the email headers. This is in addition
@@ -740,14 +718,6 @@ use it only when you know the recipient uses Git to apply your patch.
 $ git format-patch -3
 ------------
 
-CAVEATS
--------
-
-Note that `format-patch` will omit merge commits from the output, even
-if they are part of the requested range. A simple "patch" does not
-include enough information for the receiving end to reproduce the same
-merge commit.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]

Documentation/git-grep.txt

@@ -38,6 +38,38 @@ are lists of one or more search expressions separated by newline
 characters.  An empty string as search expression matches all lines.
 
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+grep.lineNumber::
+	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
+
+grep.column::
+	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
+
+grep.patternType::
+	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
+	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
+	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
+
+grep.extendedRegexp::
+	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
+	other than 'default'.
+
+grep.threads::
+	Number of grep worker threads to use. If unset (or set to 0), Git will
+	use as many threads as the number of logical cores available.
+
+grep.fullName::
+	If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
+
+grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
+	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
+	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --cached::
@@ -331,38 +363,6 @@ with multiple threads might perform slower than single threaded if `--textconv`
 is given and there're too many text conversions. So if you experience low
 performance in this case, it might be desirable to use `--threads=1`.
 
-CONFIGURATION
--------------
-
-grep.lineNumber::
-	If set to true, enable `-n` option by default.
-
-grep.column::
-	If set to true, enable the `--column` option by default.
-
-grep.patternType::
-	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
-	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
-	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
-	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
-
-grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This
-	option is ignored when the `grep.patternType` option is set to a value
-	other than 'default'.
-
-grep.threads::
-	Number of grep worker threads to use. If unset (or set to 0), Git will
-	use as many threads as the number of logical cores available.
-
-grep.fullName::
-	If set to true, enable `--full-name` option by default.
-
-grep.fallbackToNoIndex::
-	If set to true, fall back to git grep --no-index if git grep
-	is executed outside of a git repository.  Defaults to false.
-
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt

@@ -232,38 +232,25 @@ trailer.<token>.ifmissing::
 	that option for trailers with the specified <token>.
 
 trailer.<token>.command::
-	This option behaves in the same way as 'trailer.<token>.cmd', except
-	that it doesn't pass anything as argument to the specified command.
-	Instead the first occurrence of substring $ARG is replaced by the
-	value that would be passed as argument.
+	This option can be used to specify a shell command that will
+	be called to automatically add or modify a trailer with the
+	specified <token>.
 +
-The 'trailer.<token>.command' option has been deprecated in favor of
-'trailer.<token>.cmd' due to the fact that $ARG in the user's command is
-only replaced once and that the original way of replacing $ARG is not safe.
+When this option is specified, the behavior is as if a special
+'<token>=<value>' argument were added at the beginning of the command
+line, where <value> is taken to be the standard output of the
+specified command with any leading and trailing whitespace trimmed
+off.
 +
-When both 'trailer.<token>.cmd' and 'trailer.<token>.command' are given
-for the same <token>, 'trailer.<token>.cmd' is used and
-'trailer.<token>.command' is ignored.
-
-trailer.<token>.cmd::
-	This option can be used to specify a shell command that will be called:
-	once to automatically add a trailer with the specified <token>, and then
-	each time a '--trailer <token>=<value>' argument to modify the <value> of
-	the trailer that this option would produce.
+If the command contains the `$ARG` string, this string will be
+replaced with the <value> part of an existing trailer with the same
+<token>, if any, before the command is launched.
 +
-When the specified command is first called to add a trailer
-with the specified <token>, the behavior is as if a special
-'--trailer <token>=<value>' argument was added at the beginning
-of the "git interpret-trailers" command, where <value>
-is taken to be the standard output of the command with any
-leading and trailing whitespace trimmed off.
-+
-If some '--trailer <token>=<value>' arguments are also passed
-on the command line, the command is called again once for each
-of these arguments with the same <token>. And the <value> part
-of these arguments, if any, will be passed to the command as its
-first argument. This way the command can produce a <value> computed
-from the <value> passed in the '--trailer <token>=<value>' argument.
+If some '<token>=<value>' arguments are also passed on the command
+line, when a 'trailer.<token>.command' is configured, the command will
+also be executed for each of these arguments. And the <value> part of
+these arguments, if any, will be used to replace the `$ARG` string in
+the command.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------
@@ -346,55 +333,6 @@ subject
 Fix #42
 ------------
 
-* Configure a 'help' trailer with a cmd use a script `glog-find-author`
-  which search specified author identity from git log in git repository
-  and show how it works:
-+
-------------
-$ cat ~/bin/glog-find-author
-#!/bin/sh
-test -n "$1" && git log --author="$1" --pretty="%an <%ae>" -1 || true
-$ git config trailer.help.key "Helped-by: "
-$ git config trailer.help.ifExists "addIfDifferentNeighbor"
-$ git config trailer.help.cmd "~/bin/glog-find-author"
-$ git interpret-trailers --trailer="help:Junio" --trailer="help:Couder" <<EOF
-> subject
->
-> message
->
-> EOF
-subject
-
-message
-
-Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-Helped-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
-------------
-
-* Configure a 'ref' trailer with a cmd use a script `glog-grep`
-  to grep last relevant commit from git log in the git repository
-  and show how it works:
-+
-------------
-$ cat ~/bin/glog-grep
-#!/bin/sh
-test -n "$1" && git log --grep "$1" --pretty=reference -1 || true
-$ git config trailer.ref.key "Reference-to: "
-$ git config trailer.ref.ifExists "replace"
-$ git config trailer.ref.cmd "~/bin/glog-grep"
-$ git interpret-trailers --trailer="ref:Add copyright notices." <<EOF
-> subject
->
-> message
->
-> EOF
-subject
-
-message
-
-Reference-to: 8bc9a0c769 (Add copyright notices., 2005-04-07)
-------------
-
 * Configure a 'see' trailer with a command to show the subject of a
   commit that is related, and show how it works:
 +

Documentation/git-log.txt

@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	full ref name (including prefix) will be printed. If 'auto' is
 	specified, then if the output is going to a terminal, the ref names
 	are shown as if 'short' were given, otherwise no ref names are
-	shown. The option `--decorate` is short-hand for `--decorate=short`.
-	Default to configuration value of `log.decorate` if configured,
-	otherwise, `auto`.
+	shown. The default option is 'short'.
 
 --decorate-refs=<pattern>::
 --decorate-refs-exclude=<pattern>::

Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt

@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ git-mailinfo - Extracts patch and authorship from a single e-mail message
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n]
-	       [--[no-]scissors] [--quoted-cr=<action>]
-	       <msg> <patch>
+'git mailinfo' [-k|-b] [-u | --encoding=<encoding> | -n] [--[no-]scissors] <msg> <patch>
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -91,23 +89,6 @@ This can be enabled by default with the configuration option mailinfo.scissors.
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines. Useful for overriding mailinfo.scissors settings.
 
---quoted-cr=<action>::
-	Action when processes email messages sent with base64 or
-	quoted-printable encoding, and the decoded lines end with a CRLF
-	instead of a simple LF.
-+
-The valid actions are:
-+
---
-*	`nowarn`: Git will do nothing when such a CRLF is found.
-*	`warn`: Git will issue a warning for each message if such a CRLF is
-	found.
-*	`strip`: Git will convert those CRLF to LF.
---
-+
-The default action could be set by configuration option `mailinfo.quotedCR`.
-If no such configuration option has been set, `warn` will be used.
-
 <msg>::
 	The commit log message extracted from e-mail, usually
 	except the title line which comes from e-mail Subject.

Documentation/git-maintenance.txt

@@ -92,8 +92,10 @@ commit-graph::
 prefetch::
 	The `prefetch` task updates the object directory with the latest
 	objects from all registered remotes. For each remote, a `git fetch`
-	command is run. The configured refspec is modified to place all
-	requested refs within `refs/prefetch/`. Also, tags are not updated.
+	command is run. The refmap is custom to avoid updating local or remote
+	branches (those in `refs/heads` or `refs/remotes`). Instead, the
+	remote refs are stored in `refs/prefetch/<remote>/`. Also, tags are
+	not updated.
 +
 This is done to avoid disrupting the remote-tracking branches. The end users
 expect these refs to stay unmoved unless they initiate a fetch.  With prefetch

Documentation/git-mktag.txt

@@ -11,6 +11,14 @@ SYNOPSIS
 [verse]
 'git mktag'
 
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--strict::
+	By default mktag turns on the equivalent of
+	linkgit:git-fsck[1] `--strict` mode. Use `--no-strict` to
+	disable it.
+
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
@@ -37,14 +45,6 @@ the appropriate `fsck.<msg-id>` varible:
 
     git -c fsck.extraHeaderEntry=ignore mktag <my-tag-with-headers
 
-OPTIONS
--------
-
---strict::
-	By default mktag turns on the equivalent of
-	linkgit:git-fsck[1] `--strict` mode. Use `--no-strict` to
-	disable it.
-
 Tag Format
 ----------
 A tag signature file, to be fed to this command's standard input,

Documentation/git-multi-pack-index.txt

@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ git-multi-pack-index - Write and verify multi-pack-indexes
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress]
-	[--preferred-pack=<pack>] <subcommand>
+'git multi-pack-index' [--object-dir=<dir>] [--[no-]progress] <subcommand>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -31,16 +30,7 @@ OPTIONS
 The following subcommands are available:
 
 write::
-	Write a new MIDX file. The following options are available for
-	the `write` sub-command:
-+
---
-	--preferred-pack=<pack>::
-		Optionally specify the tie-breaking pack used when
-		multiple packs contain the same object. If not given,
-		ties are broken in favor of the pack with the lowest
-		mtime.
---
+	Write a new MIDX file.
 
 verify::
 	Verify the contents of the MIDX file.

Documentation/git-p4.txt

@@ -762,7 +762,3 @@ IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
   message indicating the p4 depot location and change number.  This
   line is used by later 'git p4 sync' operations to know which p4
   changes are new.
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt

@@ -85,16 +85,6 @@ base-name::
 	reference was included in the resulting packfile.  This
 	can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.
 
---stdin-packs::
-	Read the basenames of packfiles (e.g., `pack-1234abcd.pack`)
-	from the standard input, instead of object names or revision
-	arguments. The resulting pack contains all objects listed in the
-	included packs (those not beginning with `^`), excluding any
-	objects listed in the excluded packs (beginning with `^`).
-+
-Incompatible with `--revs`, or options that imply `--revs` (such as
-`--all`), with the exception of `--unpacked`, which is compatible.
-
 --window=<n>::
 --depth=<n>::
 	These two options affect how the objects contained in
@@ -128,10 +118,10 @@ depth is 4095.
 	into multiple independent packfiles, each not larger than the
 	given size. The size can be suffixed with
 	"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+	This option
+	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
-	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set. Note that this option may result in
-	a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in
-	`pack.packSizeLimit`.
+	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
 
 --honor-pack-keep::
 	This flag causes an object already in a local pack that

Documentation/git-pull.txt

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ When set to `preserve` (deprecated in favor of `merges`), rebase with the
 `--preserve-merges` option passed to `git rebase` so that locally created
 merge commits will not be flattened.
 +
-When false, merge the upstream branch into the current branch.
+When false, merge the current branch into the upstream branch.
 +
 When `interactive`, enable the interactive mode of rebase.
 +

Documentation/git-push.txt

@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@ Imagine that you have to rebase what you have already published.
 You will have to bypass the "must fast-forward" rule in order to
 replace the history you originally published with the rebased history.
 If somebody else built on top of your original history while you are
-rebasing, the tip of the branch at the remote may advance with their
-commit, and blindly pushing with `--force` will lose their work.
+rebasing, the tip of the branch at the remote may advance with her
+commit, and blindly pushing with `--force` will lose her work.
 +
 This option allows you to say that you expect the history you are
 updating is what you rebased and want to replace. If the remote ref
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 `git push origin`::
 	Without additional configuration, pushes the current branch to
-	the configured upstream (`branch.<name>.merge` configuration
+	the configured upstream (`remote.origin.merge` configuration
 	variable) if it has the same name as the current branch, and
 	errors out without pushing otherwise.
 +

Documentation/git-rebase.txt

@@ -200,6 +200,12 @@ Alternatively, you can undo the 'git rebase' with
 
     git rebase --abort
 
+CONFIGURATION
+-------------
+
+include::config/rebase.txt[]
+include::config/sequencer.txt[]
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 --onto <newbase>::
@@ -587,17 +593,16 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 
 --autosquash::
 --no-autosquash::
-	When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." or "fixup! ..."
-	or "amend! ...", and there is already a commit in the todo list that
-	matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of
-	`rebase -i`, so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after
-	the commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
-	from `pick` to `squash` or `fixup` or `fixup -C` respectively. A commit
-	matches the `...` if the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers
-	to the commit's hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit
-	subject work, too. The recommended way to create fixup/amend/squash
-	commits is by using the `--fixup`, `--fixup=amend:` or `--fixup=reword:`
-	and `--squash` options respectively of linkgit:git-commit[1].
+	When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." (or
+	"fixup! ..."), and there is already a commit in the todo list that
+	matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of rebase
+	-i so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
+	commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
+	from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`).  A commit matches the `...` if
+	the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers to the commit's
+	hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit subject work,
+	too.  The recommended way to create fixup/squash commits is by using
+	the `--fixup`/`--squash` options of linkgit:git-commit[1].
 +
 If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the
 configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be
@@ -617,14 +622,6 @@ See also INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS below.
 --no-reschedule-failed-exec::
 	Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes
 	sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided).
-+
-Even though this option applies once a rebase is started, it's set for
-the whole rebase at the start based on either the
-`rebase.rescheduleFailedExec` configuration (see linkgit:git-config[1]
-or "CONFIGURATION" below) or whether this option is
-provided. Otherwise an explicit `--no-reschedule-failed-exec` at the
-start would be overridden by the presence of
-`rebase.rescheduleFailedExec=true` configuration.
 
 INCOMPATIBLE OPTIONS
 --------------------
@@ -890,17 +887,9 @@ If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
 "pick" for the second and subsequent commits with "squash" or "fixup".
 If the commits had different authors, the folded commit will be
 attributed to the author of the first commit.  The suggested commit
-message for the folded commit is the concatenation of the first
-commit's message with those identified by "squash" commands, omitting the
-messages of commits identified by "fixup" commands, unless "fixup -c"
-is used.  In that case the suggested commit message is only the message
-of the "fixup -c" commit, and an editor is opened allowing you to edit
-the message.  The contents (patch) of the "fixup -c" commit are still
-incorporated into the folded commit. If there is more than one "fixup -c"
-commit, the message from the final one is used.  You can also use
-"fixup -C" to get the same behavior as "fixup -c" except without opening
-an editor.
-
+message for the folded commit is the concatenation of the commit
+messages of the first commit and of those with the "squash" command,
+but omits the commit messages of commits with the "fixup" command.
 
 'git rebase' will stop when "pick" has been replaced with "edit" or
 when a command fails due to merge errors. When you are done editing
@@ -1268,12 +1257,6 @@ merge tlsv1.3
 merge cmake
 ------------
 
-CONFIGURATION
--------------
-
-include::config/rebase.txt[]
-include::config/sequencer.txt[]
-
 BUGS
 ----
 The todo list presented by the deprecated `--preserve-merges --interactive`

Documentation/git-repack.txt

@@ -121,9 +121,7 @@ depth is 4095.
 	If specified, multiple packfiles may be created, which also
 	prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
 	The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
-	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set. Note that this option may result in
-	a larger and slower repository; see the discussion in
-	`pack.packSizeLimit`.
+	`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
 
 -b::
 --write-bitmap-index::
@@ -167,29 +165,6 @@ depth is 4095.
 	Pass the `--delta-islands` option to `git-pack-objects`, see
 	linkgit:git-pack-objects[1].
 
--g=<factor>::
---geometric=<factor>::
-	Arrange resulting pack structure so that each successive pack
-	contains at least `<factor>` times the number of objects as the
-	next-largest pack.
-+
-`git repack` ensures this by determining a "cut" of packfiles that need
-to be repacked into one in order to ensure a geometric progression. It
-picks the smallest set of packfiles such that as many of the larger
-packfiles (by count of objects contained in that pack) may be left
-intact.
-+
-Unlike other repack modes, the set of objects to pack is determined
-uniquely by the set of packs being "rolled-up"; in other words, the
-packs determined to need to be combined in order to restore a geometric
-progression.
-+
-When `--unpacked` is specified, loose objects are implicitly included in
-this "roll-up", without respect to their reachability. This is subject
-to change in the future. This option (implying a drastically different
-repack mode) is not guaranteed to work with all other combinations of
-option to `git repack`.
-
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 

Documentation/git-rm.txt

@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ branch, and no updates to their contents can be staged in the index,
 though that default behavior can be overridden with the `-f` option.
 When `--cached` is given, the staged content has to
 match either the tip of the branch or the file on disk,
-allowing the file to be removed from just the index. When
-sparse-checkouts are in use (see linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1]),
-`git rm` will only remove paths within the sparse-checkout patterns.
+allowing the file to be removed from just the index.
 
 
 OPTIONS

Documentation/git-send-email.txt

@@ -167,14 +167,6 @@ Sending
 	`sendemail.envelopeSender` configuration variable; if that is
 	unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
 
---sendmail-cmd=<command>::
-	Specify a command to run to send the email. The command should
-	be sendmail-like; specifically, it must support the `-i` option.
-	The command will be executed in the shell if necessary.  Default
-	is the value of `sendemail.sendmailcmd`.  If unspecified, and if
-	--smtp-server is also unspecified, git-send-email will search
-	for `sendmail` in `/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH.
-
 --smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
 	Specify the encryption to use, either 'ssl' or 'tls'.  Any other
 	value reverts to plain SMTP.  Default is the value of
@@ -219,16 +211,13 @@ a password is obtained using 'git-credential'.
 
 --smtp-server=<host>::
 	If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
-	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  If unspecified, and if
-	`--sendmail-cmd` is also unspecified, the default is to search
-	for `sendmail` in `/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such a
-	program is available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.
-+
-For backward compatibility, this option can also specify a full pathname
-of a sendmail-like program instead; the program must support the `-i`
-option.  This method does not support passing arguments or using plain
-command names.  For those use cases, consider using `--sendmail-cmd`
-instead.
+	`smtp.example.com` or a raw IP address).  Alternatively it can
+	specify a full pathname of a sendmail-like program instead;
+	the program must support the `-i` option.  Default value can
+	be specified by the `sendemail.smtpServer` configuration
+	option; the built-in default is to search for `sendmail` in
+	`/usr/sbin`, `/usr/lib` and $PATH if such program is
+	available, falling back to `localhost` otherwise.
 
 --smtp-server-port=<port>::
 	Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP

Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.txt

@@ -45,20 +45,6 @@ To avoid interfering with other worktrees, it first enables the
 When `--cone` is provided, the `core.sparseCheckoutCone` setting is
 also set, allowing for better performance with a limited set of
 patterns (see 'CONE PATTERN SET' below).
-+
-Use the `--[no-]sparse-index` option to toggle the use of the sparse
-index format. This reduces the size of the index to be more closely
-aligned with your sparse-checkout definition. This can have significant
-performance advantages for commands such as `git status` or `git add`.
-This feature is still experimental. Some commands might be slower with
-a sparse index until they are properly integrated with the feature.
-+
-**WARNING:** Using a sparse index requires modifying the index in a way
-that is not completely understood by external tools. If you have trouble
-with this compatibility, then run `git sparse-checkout init --no-sparse-index`
-to rewrite your index to not be sparse. Older versions of Git will not
-understand the sparse directory entries index extension and may fail to
-interact with your repository until it is disabled.
 
 'set'::
 	Write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file, as given as

Documentation/git-stash.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git stash' list [<log-options>]
-'git stash' show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]
+'git stash' show [<diff-options>] [<stash>]
 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
 The command takes options applicable to the 'git log'
 command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
 
-show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
+show [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
 
 	Show the changes recorded in the stash entry as a diff between the
 	stashed contents and the commit back when the stash entry was first
@@ -91,10 +91,8 @@ show [-u|--include-untracked|--only-untracked] [<diff-options>] [<stash>]::
 	By default, the command shows the diffstat, but it will accept any
 	format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show -p stash@{1}`
 	to view the second most recent entry in patch form).
-	If no `<diff-option>` is provided, the default behavior will be given
-	by the `stash.showStat`, and `stash.showPatch` config variables. You
-	can also use `stash.showIncludeUntracked` to set whether
-	`--include-untracked` is enabled by default.
+	You can use stash.showStat and/or stash.showPatch config variables
+	to change the default behavior.
 
 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
@@ -162,18 +160,10 @@ up with `git clean`.
 
 -u::
 --include-untracked::
---no-include-untracked::
-	When used with the `push` and `save` commands,
-	all untracked files are also stashed and then cleaned up with
-	`git clean`.
+	This option is only valid for `push` and `save` commands.
 +
-When used with the `show` command, show the untracked files in the stash
-entry as part of the diff.
-
---only-untracked::
-	This option is only valid for the `show` command.
-+
-Show only the untracked files in the stash entry as part of the diff.
+All untracked files are also stashed and then cleaned up with
+`git clean`.
 
 --index::
 	This option is only valid for `pop` and `apply` commands.

Documentation/git-svn.txt

@@ -1061,6 +1061,25 @@ with different name spaces.  For example:
 	branches = stable/*:refs/remotes/svn/stable/*
 	branches = debug/*:refs/remotes/svn/debug/*
 
+BUGS
+----
+
+We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable.  Any unhandled
+properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
+
+Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
+tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
+this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
+the possible corner cases (Git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
+renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
+for Git to detect them.
+
+In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
+(because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
+branch). When cloning an SVN repository, 'git svn' cannot know if such a
+commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
+and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with 'tags/'.
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
@@ -1147,25 +1166,6 @@ $GIT_DIR/svn/\**/.rev_map.*::
 if it is missing or not up to date.  'git svn reset' automatically
 rewinds it.
 
-BUGS
-----
-
-We ignore all SVN properties except svn:executable.  Any unhandled
-properties are logged to $GIT_DIR/svn/<refname>/unhandled.log
-
-Renamed and copied directories are not detected by Git and hence not
-tracked when committing to SVN.  I do not plan on adding support for
-this as it's quite difficult and time-consuming to get working for all
-the possible corner cases (Git doesn't do it, either).  Committing
-renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
-for Git to detect them.
-
-In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
-(because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
-branch). When cloning an SVN repository, 'git svn' cannot know if such a
-commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
-and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with 'tags/'.
-
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 linkgit:git-rebase[1]

Documentation/git-worktree.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ git-worktree - Manage multiple working trees
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock [--reason <string>]] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
+'git worktree add' [-f] [--detach] [--checkout] [--lock] [-b <new-branch>] <path> [<commit-ish>]
 'git worktree list' [--porcelain]
 'git worktree lock' [--reason <string>] <worktree>
 'git worktree move' <worktree> <new-path>
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ With `list`, annotate missing working trees as prunable if they are
 older than `<time>`.
 
 --reason <string>::
-	With `lock` or with `add --lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
+	With `lock`, an explanation why the working tree is locked.
 
 <worktree>::
 	Working trees can be identified by path, either relative or
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ These annotations are:
 ------------
 $ git worktree list
 /path/to/linked-worktree    abcd1234 [master]
-/path/to/locked-worktree    acbd5678 (brancha) locked
+/path/to/locked-worktreee   acbd5678 (brancha) locked
 /path/to/prunable-worktree  5678abc  (detached HEAD) prunable
 ------------
 

Documentation/git.txt

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
     [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
     [-p|--paginate|-P|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
     [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
-    [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>]
+    [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env <name>=<envvar>]
     <command> [<args>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -670,16 +670,6 @@ for further details.
 	If this environment variable is set to `0`, git will not prompt
 	on the terminal (e.g., when asking for HTTP authentication).
 
-`GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL`::
-`GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM`::
-	Take the configuration from the given files instead from global or
-	system-level configuration files. If `GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM` is set, the
-	system config file defined at build time (usually `/etc/gitconfig`)
-	will not be read. Likewise, if `GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL` is set, neither
-	`$HOME/.gitconfig` nor `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config` will be read. Can
-	be set to `/dev/null` to skip reading configuration files of the
-	respective level.
-
 `GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM`::
 	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
 	`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file.  This environment variable can

Documentation/gitattributes.txt

@@ -845,8 +845,6 @@ patterns are available:
 
 - `rust` suitable for source code in the Rust language.
 
-- `scheme` suitable for source code in the Scheme language.
-
 - `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents.
 
 
@@ -1176,8 +1174,7 @@ tag then no replacement will be done.  The placeholders are the same
 as those for the option `--pretty=format:` of linkgit:git-log[1],
 except that they need to be wrapped like this: `$Format:PLACEHOLDERS$`
 in the file.  E.g. the string `$Format:%H$` will be replaced by the
-commit hash.  However, only one `%(describe)` placeholder is expanded
-per archive to avoid denial-of-service attacks.
+commit hash.
 
 
 Packing objects
@@ -1247,12 +1244,6 @@ to:
 [attr]binary -diff -merge -text
 ------------
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.gitattributes`
-file in the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file
-is accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------

Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ mark a file pair as a rename and stop considering other candidates for
 better matches.  At most, one comparison is done per file in this
 preliminary pass; so if there are several remaining ext.txt files
 throughout the directory hierarchy after exact rename detection, this
-preliminary step may be skipped for those files.
+preliminary step will be skipped for those files.
 
 Note.  When the "-C" option is used with `--find-copies-harder`
 option, 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands feed unmodified filepairs to

Documentation/githooks.txt

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ given); `template` (if a `-t` option was given or the
 configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
 commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
 (if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
-a commit object name (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
+a commit SHA-1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
 
 If the exit status is non-zero, `git commit` will abort.
 
@@ -231,19 +231,19 @@ named remote is not being used both values will be the same.
 Information about what is to be pushed is provided on the hook's standard
 input with lines of the form:
 
-  <local ref> SP <local object name> SP <remote ref> SP <remote object name> LF
+  <local ref> SP <local sha1> SP <remote ref> SP <remote sha1> LF
 
 For instance, if the command +git push origin master:foreign+ were run the
 hook would receive a line like the following:
 
   refs/heads/master 67890 refs/heads/foreign 12345
 
-although the full object name would be supplied.  If the foreign ref does not
-yet exist the `<remote object name>` will be the all-zeroes object name.  If a
-ref is to be deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the
-`<local object name>` will be the all-zeroes object name.  If the local commit
-was specified by something other than a name which could be expanded (such as
-`HEAD~`, or an object name) it will be supplied as it was originally given.
+although the full, 40-character SHA-1s would be supplied.  If the foreign ref
+does not yet exist the `<remote SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If a ref is to be
+deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the `<local
+SHA-1>` will be 40 `0`.  If the local commit was specified by something other
+than a name which could be expanded (such as `HEAD~`, or a SHA-1) it will be
+supplied as it was originally given.
 
 If this hook exits with a non-zero status, `git push` will abort without
 pushing anything.  Information about why the push is rejected may be sent
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ input a line of the format:
 where `<old-value>` is the old object name stored in the ref,
 `<new-value>` is the new object name to be stored in the ref and
 `<ref-name>` is the full name of the ref.
-When creating a new ref, `<old-value>` is the all-zeroes object name.
+When creating a new ref, `<old-value>` is 40 `0`.
 
 If the hook exits with non-zero status, none of the refs will be
 updated. If the hook exits with zero, updating of individual refs can
@@ -473,8 +473,7 @@ reference-transaction
 
 This hook is invoked by any Git command that performs reference
 updates. It executes whenever a reference transaction is prepared,
-committed or aborted and may thus get called multiple times. The hook
-does not cover symbolic references (but that may change in the future).
+committed or aborted and may thus get called multiple times.
 
 The hook takes exactly one argument, which is the current state the
 given reference transaction is in:
@@ -493,14 +492,6 @@ receives on standard input a line of the format:
 
   <old-value> SP <new-value> SP <ref-name> LF
 
-where `<old-value>` is the old object name passed into the reference
-transaction, `<new-value>` is the new object name to be stored in the
-ref and `<ref-name>` is the full name of the ref. When force updating
-the reference regardless of its current value or when the reference is
-to be created anew, `<old-value>` is the all-zeroes object name. To
-distinguish these cases, you can inspect the current value of
-`<ref-name>` via `git rev-parse`.
-
 The exit status of the hook is ignored for any state except for the
 "prepared" state. In the "prepared" state, a non-zero exit status will
 cause the transaction to be aborted. The hook will not be called with
@@ -559,7 +550,7 @@ command-dependent arguments may be passed in the future.
 The hook receives a list of the rewritten commits on stdin, in the
 format
 
-  <old-object-name> SP <new-object-name> [ SP <extra-info> ] LF
+  <old-sha1> SP <new-sha1> [ SP <extra-info> ] LF
 
 The 'extra-info' is again command-dependent.  If it is empty, the
 preceding SP is also omitted.  Currently, no commands pass any
@@ -575,7 +566,7 @@ rebase::
 	For the 'squash' and 'fixup' operation, all commits that were
 	squashed are listed as being rewritten to the squashed commit.
 	This means that there will be several lines sharing the same
-	'new-object-name'.
+	'new-sha1'.
 +
 The commits are guaranteed to be listed in the order that they were
 processed by rebase.

Documentation/gitignore.txt

@@ -27,11 +27,12 @@ precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):
    them.
 
  * Patterns read from a `.gitignore` file in the same directory
-   as the path, or in any parent directory (up to the top-level of the working
-   tree), with patterns in the higher level files being overridden by those in
-   lower level files down to the directory containing the file. These patterns
-   match relative to the location of the `.gitignore` file.  A project normally
-   includes such `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
+   as the path, or in any parent directory, with patterns in the
+   higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden
+   by those in lower level files down to the directory containing the file.
+   These patterns match relative to the location of the
+   `.gitignore` file.  A project normally includes such
+   `.gitignore` files in its repository, containing patterns for
    files generated as part of the project build.
 
  * Patterns read from `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude`.
@@ -148,15 +149,11 @@ not tracked by Git remain untracked.
 To stop tracking a file that is currently tracked, use
 'git rm --cached'.
 
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.gitignore` file in
-the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file is
-accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
  - The pattern `hello.*` matches any file or folder
-   whose name begins with `hello.`. If one wants to restrict
+   whose name begins with `hello`. If one wants to restrict
    this only to the directory and not in its subdirectories,
    one can prepend the pattern with a slash, i.e. `/hello.*`;
    the pattern now matches `hello.txt`, `hello.c` but not

Documentation/gitmailmap.txt

@@ -55,13 +55,6 @@ this would also match the 'Commit Name <commit&#64;email.xx>' above:
 	Proper Name <proper@email.xx> CoMmIt NaMe <CoMmIt@EmAiL.xX>
 --
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not follow symbolic links when accessing a `.mailmap` file in
-the working tree. This keeps behavior consistent when the file is
-accessed from the index or a tree versus from the filesystem.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 

Documentation/gitmodules.txt

@@ -98,14 +98,6 @@ submodule.<name>.shallow::
 	shallow clone (with a history depth of 1) unless the user explicitly
 	asks for a non-shallow clone.
 
-NOTES
------
-
-Git does not allow the `.gitmodules` file within a working tree to be a
-symbolic link, and will refuse to check out such a tree entry. This
-keeps behavior consistent when the file is accessed from the index or a
-tree versus from the filesystem, and helps Git reliably enforce security
-checks of the file contents.
 
 EXAMPLES
 --------

Documentation/gitnamespaces.txt

@@ -62,7 +62,3 @@ git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'
 ----------
 
 include::transfer-data-leaks.txt[]
-
-GIT
----
-Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt

@@ -751,17 +751,6 @@ default font sizes or lineheights are changed (e.g. via adding extra
 CSS stylesheet in `@stylesheets`), it may be appropriate to change
 these values.
 
-email-privacy::
-	Redact e-mail addresses from the generated HTML, etc. content.
-	This obscures e-mail addresses retrieved from the author/committer
-	and comment sections of the Git log.
-	It is meant to hinder web crawlers that harvest and abuse addresses.
-	Such crawlers may not respect robots.txt.
-	Note that users and user tools also see the addresses as redacted.
-	If Gitweb is not the final step in a workflow then subsequent steps
-	may misbehave because of the redacted information they receive.
-	Disabled by default.
-
 highlight::
 	Server-side syntax highlight support in "blob" view.  It requires
 	`$highlight_bin` program to be available (see the description of

Documentation/glossary-content.txt

@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ current branch integrates with) obviously do not work, as there is no
 	<<def_revision,revision>> and you are "merging" another
 	<<def_branch,branch>>'s changes that happen to be a descendant of what
 	you have. In such a case, you do not make a new <<def_merge,merge>>
-	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update your branch to point at the same
-	revision as the branch you are merging. This will happen frequently on a
+	<<def_commit,commit>> but instead just update to his
+	revision. This will happen frequently on a
 	<<def_remote_tracking_branch,remote-tracking branch>> of a remote
 	<<def_repository,repository>>.
 

Documentation/howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases.txt

@@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
-Content-type: text/asciidoc
-Abstract: When a critical vulnerability is discovered and fixed, we follow this
- script to coordinate a public release.
-
-How we coordinate embargoed releases
-====================================
-
-To protect Git users from critical vulnerabilities, we do not just release
-fixed versions like regular maintenance releases. Instead, we coordinate
-releases with packagers, keeping the fixes under an embargo until the release
-date. That way, users will have a chance to upgrade on that date, no matter
-what Operating System or distribution they run.
-
-Open a Security Advisory draft
-------------------------------
-
-The first step is to https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/new[open an
-advisory]. Technically, it is not necessary, but it is convenient and saves a
-bit of hassle. This advisory can also be used to obtain the CVE number and it
-will give us a private fork associated with it that can be used to collaborate
-on a fix.
-
-Release date of the embargoed version
--------------------------------------
-
-If the vulnerability affects Windows users, we want to have our friends over at
-Visual Studio on board. This means we need to target a "Patch Tuesday" (i.e. a
-second Tuesday of the month), at the minimum three weeks from heads-up to
-coordinated release.
-
-If the vulnerability affects the server side, or can benefit from scans on the
-server side (i.e. if `git fsck` can detect an attack), it is important to give
-all involved Git repository hosting sites enough time to scan all of those
-repositories.
-
-Notifying the Linux distributions
----------------------------------
-
-At most two weeks before release date, we need to send a notification to
-distros@vs.openwall.org, preferably less than 7 days before the release date.
-This will reach most (all?) Linux distributions. See an example below, and the
-guidelines for this mailing list at
-https://oss-security.openwall.org/wiki/mailing-lists/distros#how-to-use-the-lists[here].
-
-Once the version has been published, we send a note about that to oss-security.
-As an example, see https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/12/13/1[the
-v2.24.1 mail];
-https://oss-security.openwall.org/wiki/mailing-lists/oss-security[Here] are
-their guidelines.
-
-The mail to oss-security should also describe the exploit, and give credit to
-the reporter(s): security researchers still receive too little respect for the
-invaluable service they provide, and public credit goes a long way to keep them
-paid by their respective organizations.
-
-Technically, describing any exploit can be delayed up to 7 days, but we usually
-refrain from doing that, including it right away.
-
-As a courtesy we typically attach a Git bundle (as `.tar.xz` because the list
-will drop `.bundle` attachments) in the mail to distros@ so that the involved
-parties can take care of integrating/backporting them. This bundle is typically
-created using a command like this:
-
-	git bundle create cve-xxx.bundle ^origin/master vA.B.C vD.E.F
-	tar cJvf cve-xxx.bundle.tar.xz cve-xxx.bundle
-
-Example mail to distros@vs.openwall.org
----------------------------------------
-
-....
-To: distros@vs.openwall.org
-Cc: git-security@googlegroups.com, <other people involved in the report/fix>
-Subject: [vs] Upcoming Git security fix release
-
-Team,
-
-The Git project will release new versions on <date> at 10am Pacific Time or
-soon thereafter. I have attached a Git bundle (embedded in a `.tar.xz` to avoid
-it being dropped) which you can fetch into a clone of
-https://github.com/git/git via `git fetch --tags /path/to/cve-xxx.bundle`,
-containing the tags for versions <versions>.
-
-You can verify with `git tag -v <tag>` that the versions were signed by
-the Git maintainer, using the same GPG key as e.g. v2.24.0.
-
-Please use these tags to prepare `git` packages for your various
-distributions, using the appropriate tagged versions. The added test cases
-help verify the correctness.
-
-The addressed issues are:
-
-<list of CVEs with a short description, typically copy/pasted from Git's
-release notes, usually demo exploit(s), too>
-
-Credit for finding the vulnerability goes to <reporter>, credit for fixing
-it goes to <developer>.
-
-Thanks,
-<name>
-
-....
-
-Example mail to oss-security@lists.openwall.com
------------------------------------------------
-
-....
-To: oss-security@lists.openwall.com
-Cc: git-security@googlegroups.com, <other people involved in the report/fix>
-Subject: git: <copy from security advisory>
-
-Team,
-
-The Git project released new versions on <date>, addressing <CVE>.
-
-All supported platforms are affected in one way or another, and all Git
-versions all the way back to <version> are affected. The fixed versions are:
-<versions>.
-
-Link to the announcement: <link to lore.kernel.org/git>
-
-We highly recommend to upgrade.
-
-The addressed issues are:
-* <list of CVEs and their explanations, along with demo exploits>
-
-Credit for finding the vulnerability goes to <reporter>, credit for fixing
-it goes to <developer>.
-
-Thanks,
-<name>
-....

Documentation/lint-gitlink.perl

@@ -1,67 +1,71 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
 
-use strict;
-use warnings;
+use File::Find;
+use Getopt::Long;
 
-# Parse arguments, a simple state machine for input like:
-#
-# howto/*.txt config/*.txt --section=1 git.txt git-add.txt [...] --to-lint git-add.txt a-file.txt [...]
-my %TXT;
-my %SECTION;
-my $section;
-my $lint_these = 0;
-for my $arg (@ARGV) {
-	if (my ($sec) = $arg =~ /^--section=(\d+)$/s) {
-		$section = $sec;
-		next;
-	}
+my $basedir = ".";
+GetOptions("basedir=s" => \$basedir)
+	or die("Cannot parse command line arguments\n");
 
-	my ($name) = $arg =~ /^(.*?)\.txt$/s;
-	unless (defined $section) {
-		$TXT{$name} = $arg;
-		next;
-	}
+my $found_errors = 0;
 
-	$SECTION{$name} = $section;
-}
-
-my $exit_code = 0;
 sub report {
-	my ($pos, $line, $target, $msg) = @_;
-	substr($line, $pos) = "' <-- HERE";
-	$line =~ s/^\s+//;
-	print "$ARGV:$.: error: $target: $msg, shown with 'HERE' below:\n";
-	print "$ARGV:$.:\t'$line\n";
-	$exit_code = 1;
+	my ($where, $what, $error) = @_;
+	print "$where: $error: $what\n";
+	$found_errors = 1;
 }
 
-@ARGV = sort values %TXT;
-die "BUG: Nothing to process!" unless @ARGV;
-while (<>) {
-	my $line = $_;
-	while ($line =~ m/linkgit:((.*?)\[(\d)\])/g) {
-		my $pos = pos $line;
+sub grab_section {
+	my ($page) = @_;
+	open my $fh, "<", "$basedir/$page.txt";
+	my $firstline = <$fh>;
+	chomp $firstline;
+	close $fh;
+	my ($section) = ($firstline =~ /.*\((\d)\)$/);
+	return $section;
+}
+
+sub lint {
+	my ($file) = @_;
+	open my $fh, "<", $file
+		or return;
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		my $where = "$file:$.";
+		while (s/linkgit:((.*?)\[(\d)\])//) {
 			my ($target, $page, $section) = ($1, $2, $3);
 
 			# De-AsciiDoc
 			$page =~ s/{litdd}/--/g;
 
-		if (!exists $TXT{$page}) {
-			report($pos, $line, $target, "link outside of our own docs");
+			if ($page !~ /^git/) {
+				report($where, $target, "nongit link");
 				next;
 			}
-		if (!exists $SECTION{$page}) {
-			report($pos, $line, $target, "link outside of our sectioned docs");
+			if (! -f "$basedir/$page.txt") {
+				report($where, $target, "no such source");
 				next;
 			}
-		my $real_section = $SECTION{$page};
-		if ($section != $SECTION{$page}) {
-			report($pos, $line, $target, "wrong section (should be $real_section)");
+			$real_section = grab_section($page);
+			if ($real_section != $section) {
+				report($where, $target,
+					"wrong section (should be $real_section)");
 				next;
 			}
 		}
-	# this resets our $. for each file
-	close ARGV if eof;
+	}
+	close $fh;
 }
 
-exit $exit_code;
+sub lint_it {
+	lint($File::Find::name) if -f && /\.txt$/;
+}
+
+if (!@ARGV) {
+	find({ wanted => \&lint_it, no_chdir => 1 }, $basedir);
+} else {
+	for (@ARGV) {
+		lint($_);
+	}
+}
+
+exit $found_errors;

Documentation/lint-man-end-blurb.perl

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-
-my $exit_code = 0;
-sub report {
-	my ($target, $msg) = @_;
-	print "error: $target: $msg\n";
-	$exit_code = 1;
-}
-
-local $/;
-while (my $slurp = <>) {
-	report($ARGV, "has no 'Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite' end blurb")
-		unless $slurp =~ m[
-		^GIT\n
-		 ---\n
-		\QPart of the linkgit:git[1] suite\E \n
-		\z
-	]mx;
-}
-
-exit $exit_code;

Documentation/lint-man-section-order.perl

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-
-my %SECTIONS;
-{
-	my $order = 0;
-	%SECTIONS = (
-		'NAME' => {
-			required => 1,
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'SYNOPSIS' => {
-			required => 1,
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'DESCRIPTION' => {
-			required => 1,
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'OPTIONS' => {
-			order => $order++,
-			required => 0,
-		},
-		'CONFIGURATION' => {
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'BUGS' => {
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'SEE ALSO' => {
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-		'GIT' => {
-			required => 1,
-			order => $order++,
-		},
-	);
-}
-my $SECTION_RX = do {
-	my ($names) = join "|", keys %SECTIONS;
-	qr/^($names)$/s;
-};
-
-my $exit_code = 0;
-sub report {
-	my ($msg) = @_;
-	print "$ARGV:$.: $msg\n";
-	$exit_code = 1;
-}
-
-my $last_was_section;
-my @actual_order;
-while (my $line = <>) {
-	chomp $line;
-	if ($line =~ $SECTION_RX) {
-		push @actual_order => $line;
-		$last_was_section = 1;
-		# Have no "last" section yet, processing NAME
-		next if @actual_order == 1;
-
-		my @expected_order = sort {
-			$SECTIONS{$a}->{order} <=> $SECTIONS{$b}->{order}
-		} @actual_order;
-
-		my $expected_last = $expected_order[-2];
-		my $actual_last = $actual_order[-2];
-		if ($actual_last ne $expected_last) {
-			report("section '$line' incorrectly ordered, comes after '$actual_last'");
-		}
-		next;
-	}
-	if ($last_was_section) {
-		my $last_section = $actual_order[-1];
-		if (length $last_section ne length $line) {
-			report("dashes under '$last_section' should match its length!");
-		}
-		if ($line !~ /^-+$/) {
-			report("dashes under '$last_section' should be '-' dashes!");
-		}
-		$last_was_section = 0;
-	}
-
-	if (eof) {
-		# We have both a hash and an array to consider, for
-		# convenience
-		my %actual_sections;
-		@actual_sections{@actual_order} = ();
-
-		for my $section (sort keys %SECTIONS) {
-			next if !$SECTIONS{$section}->{required} or exists $actual_sections{$section};
-			report("has no required '$section' section!");
-		}
-
-		# Reset per-file state
-		{
-			@actual_order = ();
-			# this resets our $. for each file
-			close ARGV;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-exit $exit_code;

Documentation/pretty-formats.txt

@@ -190,8 +190,6 @@ The placeholders are:
 '%ai':: author date, ISO 8601-like format
 '%aI':: author date, strict ISO 8601 format
 '%as':: author date, short format (`YYYY-MM-DD`)
-'%ah':: author date, human style (like the `--date=human` option of
-	linkgit:git-rev-list[1])
 '%cn':: committer name
 '%cN':: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see
 	linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
@@ -208,23 +206,8 @@ The placeholders are:
 '%ci':: committer date, ISO 8601-like format
 '%cI':: committer date, strict ISO 8601 format
 '%cs':: committer date, short format (`YYYY-MM-DD`)
-'%ch':: committer date, human style (like the `--date=human` option of
-	linkgit:git-rev-list[1])
 '%d':: ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1]
 '%D':: ref names without the " (", ")" wrapping.
-'%(describe[:options])':: human-readable name, like
-			  linkgit:git-describe[1]; empty string for
-			  undescribable commits.  The `describe` string
-			  may be followed by a colon and zero or more
-			  comma-separated options.  Descriptions can be
-			  inconsistent when tags are added or removed at
-			  the same time.
-+
-** 'match=<pattern>': Only consider tags matching the given
-   `glob(7)` pattern, excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix.
-** 'exclude=<pattern>': Do not consider tags matching the given
-   `glob(7)` pattern, excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix.
-
 '%S':: ref name given on the command line by which the commit was reached
        (like `git log --source`), only works with `git log`
 '%e':: encoding
@@ -271,7 +254,7 @@ endif::git-rev-list[]
 			  `trailers` string may be followed by a colon
 			  and zero or more comma-separated options.
 			  If any option is provided multiple times the
-			  last occurrence wins.
+			  last occurance wins.
 +
 The boolean options accept an optional value `[=<BOOL>]`. The values
 `true`, `false`, `on`, `off` etc. are all accepted. See the "boolean"

Documentation/rev-list-options.txt

@@ -892,12 +892,9 @@ or units.  n may be zero.  The suffixes k, m, and g can be used to name
 units in KiB, MiB, or GiB.  For example, 'blob:limit=1k' is the same
 as 'blob:limit=1024'.
 +
-The form '--filter=object:type=(tag|commit|tree|blob)' omits all objects
-which are not of the requested type.
-+
 The form '--filter=sparse:oid=<blob-ish>' uses a sparse-checkout
 specification contained in the blob (or blob-expression) '<blob-ish>'
-to omit blobs that would not be required for a sparse checkout on
+to omit blobs that would not be not required for a sparse checkout on
 the requested refs.
 +
 The form '--filter=tree:<depth>' omits all blobs and trees whose depth
@@ -933,11 +930,6 @@ equivalent.
 --no-filter::
 	Turn off any previous `--filter=` argument.
 
---filter-provided-objects::
-	Filter the list of explicitly provided objects, which would otherwise
-	always be printed even if they did not match any of the filters. Only
-	useful with `--filter=`.
-
 --filter-print-omitted::
 	Only useful with `--filter=`; prints a list of the objects omitted
 	by the filter.  Object IDs are prefixed with a ``~'' character.
@@ -1064,14 +1056,6 @@ ifdef::git-rev-list[]
 --header::
 	Print the contents of the commit in raw-format; each record is
 	separated with a NUL character.
-
---no-commit-header::
-	Suppress the header line containing "commit" and the object ID printed before
-	the specified format.  This has no effect on the built-in formats; only custom
-	formats are affected.
-
---commit-header::
-	Overrides a previous `--no-commit-header`.
 endif::git-rev-list[]
 
 --parents::

Documentation/revisions.txt

@@ -260,9 +260,6 @@ any of the given commits.
 A commit's reachable set is the commit itself and the commits in
 its ancestry chain.
 
-There are several notations to specify a set of connected commits
-(called a "revision range"), illustrated below.
-
 
 Commit Exclusions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -297,26 +294,6 @@ is a shorthand for 'HEAD..origin' and asks "What did the origin do since
 I forked from them?"  Note that '..' would mean 'HEAD..HEAD' which is an
 empty range that is both reachable and unreachable from HEAD.
 
-Commands that are specifically designed to take two distinct ranges
-(e.g. "git range-diff R1 R2" to compare two ranges) do exist, but
-they are exceptions.  Unless otherwise noted, all "git" commands
-that operate on a set of commits work on a single revision range.
-In other words, writing two "two-dot range notation" next to each
-other, e.g.
-
-    $ git log A..B C..D
-
-does *not* specify two revision ranges for most commands.  Instead
-it will name a single connected set of commits, i.e. those that are
-reachable from either B or D but are reachable from neither A or C.
-In a linear history like this:
-
-    ---A---B---o---o---C---D
-
-because A and B are reachable from C, the revision range specified
-by these two dotted ranges is a single commit D.
-
-
 Other <rev>{caret} Parent Shorthand Notations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Three other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits,

Documentation/technical/api-error-handling.txt

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 Error reporting in git
 ======================
 
-`BUG`, `die`, `usage`, `error`, and `warning` report errors of
-various kinds.
-
-- `BUG` is for failed internal assertions that should never happen,
-  i.e. a bug in git itself.
+`die`, `usage`, `error`, and `warning` report errors of various
+kinds.
 
 - `die` is for fatal application errors.  It prints a message to
   the user and exits with status 128.
@@ -23,9 +20,6 @@ various kinds.
   without running into too many problems.  Like `error`, it
   returns -1 after reporting the situation to the caller.
 
-These reports will be logged via the trace2 facility. See the "error"
-event in link:api-trace2.txt[trace2 API].
-
 Customizable error handlers
 ---------------------------
 

Documentation/technical/api-simple-ipc.txt

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-Simple-IPC API
-==============
-
-The Simple-IPC API is a collection of `ipc_` prefixed library routines
-and a basic communication protocol that allow an IPC-client process to
-send an application-specific IPC-request message to an IPC-server
-process and receive an application-specific IPC-response message.
-
-Communication occurs over a named pipe on Windows and a Unix domain
-socket on other platforms.  IPC-clients and IPC-servers rendezvous at
-a previously agreed-to application-specific pathname (which is outside
-the scope of this design) that is local to the computer system.
-
-The IPC-server routines within the server application process create a
-thread pool to listen for connections and receive request messages
-from multiple concurrent IPC-clients.  When received, these messages
-are dispatched up to the server application callbacks for handling.
-IPC-server routines then incrementally relay responses back to the
-IPC-client.
-
-The IPC-client routines within a client application process connect
-to the IPC-server and send a request message and wait for a response.
-When received, the response is returned back the caller.
-
-For example, the `fsmonitor--daemon` feature will be built as a server
-application on top of the IPC-server library routines.  It will have
-threads watching for file system events and a thread pool waiting for
-client connections.  Clients, such as `git status` will request a list
-of file system events since a point in time and the server will
-respond with a list of changed files and directories.  The formats of
-the request and response are application-specific; the IPC-client and
-IPC-server routines treat them as opaque byte streams.
-
-
-Comparison with sub-process model
----------------------------------
-
-The Simple-IPC mechanism differs from the existing `sub-process.c`
-model (Documentation/technical/long-running-process-protocol.txt) and
-used by applications like Git-LFS.  In the LFS-style sub-process model
-the helper is started by the foreground process, communication happens
-via a pair of file descriptors bound to the stdin/stdout of the
-sub-process, the sub-process only serves the current foreground
-process, and the sub-process exits when the foreground process
-terminates.
-
-In the Simple-IPC model the server is a very long-running service.  It
-can service many clients at the same time and has a private socket or
-named pipe connection to each active client.  It might be started
-(on-demand) by the current client process or it might have been
-started by a previous client or by the OS at boot time.  The server
-process is not associated with a terminal and it persists after
-clients terminate.  Clients do not have access to the stdin/stdout of
-the server process and therefore must communicate over sockets or
-named pipes.
-
-
-Server startup and shutdown
----------------------------
-
-How an application server based upon IPC-server is started is also
-outside the scope of the Simple-IPC design and is a property of the
-application using it.  For example, the server might be started or
-restarted during routine maintenance operations, or it might be
-started as a system service during the system boot-up sequence, or it
-might be started on-demand by a foreground Git command when needed.
-
-Similarly, server shutdown is a property of the application using
-the simple-ipc routines.  For example, the server might decide to
-shutdown when idle or only upon explicit request.
-
-
-Simple-IPC protocol
--------------------
-
-The Simple-IPC protocol consists of a single request message from the
-client and an optional response message from the server.  Both the
-client and server messages are unlimited in length and are terminated
-with a flush packet.
-
-The pkt-line routines (Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt)
-are used to simplify buffer management during message generation,
-transmission, and reception.  A flush packet is used to mark the end
-of the message.  This allows the sender to incrementally generate and
-transmit the message.  It allows the receiver to incrementally receive
-the message in chunks and to know when they have received the entire
-message.
-
-The actual byte format of the client request and server response
-messages are application specific.  The IPC layer transmits and
-receives them as opaque byte buffers without any concern for the
-content within.  It is the job of the calling application layer to
-understand the contents of the request and response messages.
-
-
-Summary
--------
-
-Conceptually, the Simple-IPC protocol is similar to an HTTP REST
-request.  Clients connect, make an application-specific and
-stateless request, receive an application-specific
-response, and disconnect.  It is a one round trip facility for
-querying the server.  The Simple-IPC routines hide the socket,
-named pipe, and thread pool details and allow the application
-layer to focus on the application at hand.

Documentation/technical/api-trace2.txt

@@ -396,14 +396,14 @@ only present on the "start" and "atexit" events.
 }
 ------------
 
-`"too_many_files"`::
+`"discard"`::
 	This event is written to the git-trace2-discard sentinel file if there
 	are too many files in the target trace directory (see the
 	trace2.maxFiles config option).
 +
 ------------
 {
-	"event":"too_many_files",
+	"event":"discard",
 	...
 }
 ------------
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ completed.)
 ------------
 
 `"error"`::
-	This event is emitted when one of the `BUG()`, `error()`, `die()`,
+	This event is emitted when one of the `error()`, `die()`,
 	`warning()`, or `usage()` functions are called.
 +
 ------------

Documentation/technical/hash-function-transition.txt

@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ supports four different modes of operation:
     convert any object names written to output to SHA-1, but store
     objects using SHA-256.  This allows users to test the code with no
     visible behavior change except for performance.  This allows
-    running even tests that assume the SHA-1 hash function, to
+    allows running even tests that assume the SHA-1 hash function, to
     sanity-check the behavior of the new mode.
 
  2. ("early transition") Allow both SHA-1 and SHA-256 object names in

Documentation/technical/index-format.txt

@@ -44,13 +44,6 @@ Git index format
   localization, no special casing of directory separator '/'). Entries
   with the same name are sorted by their stage field.
 
-  An index entry typically represents a file. However, if sparse-checkout
-  is enabled in cone mode (`core.sparseCheckoutCone` is enabled) and the
-  `extensions.sparseIndex` extension is enabled, then the index may
-  contain entries for directories outside of the sparse-checkout definition.
-  These entries have mode `040000`, include the `SKIP_WORKTREE` bit, and
-  the path ends in a directory separator.
-
   32-bit ctime seconds, the last time a file's metadata changed
     this is stat(2) data
 
@@ -392,15 +385,3 @@ The remaining data of each directory block is grouped by type:
 	in this block of entries.
 
     - 32-bit count of cache entries in this block
-
-== Sparse Directory Entries
-
-  When using sparse-checkout in cone mode, some entire directories within
-  the index can be summarized by pointing to a tree object instead of the
-  entire expanded list of paths within that tree. An index containing such
-  entries is a "sparse index". Index format versions 4 and less were not
-  implemented with such entries in mind. Thus, for these versions, an
-  index containing sparse directory entries will include this extension
-  with signature { 's', 'd', 'i', 'r' }. Like the split-index extension,
-  tools should avoid interacting with a sparse index unless they understand
-  this extension.

Documentation/technical/multi-pack-index.txt

@@ -43,9 +43,8 @@ Design Details
   a change in format.
 
 - The MIDX keeps only one record per object ID. If an object appears
-  in multiple packfiles, then the MIDX selects the copy in the
-  preferred packfile, otherwise selecting from the most-recently
-  modified packfile.
+  in multiple packfiles, then the MIDX selects the copy in the most-
+  recently modified packfile.
 
 - If there exist packfiles in the pack directory not registered in
   the MIDX, then those packfiles are loaded into the `packed_git`

Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt

@@ -379,86 +379,3 @@ CHUNK DATA:
 TRAILER:
 
 	Index checksum of the above contents.
-
-== multi-pack-index reverse indexes
-
-Similar to the pack-based reverse index, the multi-pack index can also
-be used to generate a reverse index.
-
-Instead of mapping between offset, pack-, and index position, this
-reverse index maps between an object's position within the MIDX, and
-that object's position within a pseudo-pack that the MIDX describes
-(i.e., the ith entry of the multi-pack reverse index holds the MIDX
-position of ith object in pseudo-pack order).
-
-To clarify the difference between these orderings, consider a multi-pack
-reachability bitmap (which does not yet exist, but is what we are
-building towards here). Each bit needs to correspond to an object in the
-MIDX, and so we need an efficient mapping from bit position to MIDX
-position.
-
-One solution is to let bits occupy the same position in the oid-sorted
-index stored by the MIDX. But because oids are effectively random, their
-resulting reachability bitmaps would have no locality, and thus compress
-poorly. (This is the reason that single-pack bitmaps use the pack
-ordering, and not the .idx ordering, for the same purpose.)
-
-So we'd like to define an ordering for the whole MIDX based around
-pack ordering, which has far better locality (and thus compresses more
-efficiently). We can think of a pseudo-pack created by the concatenation
-of all of the packs in the MIDX. E.g., if we had a MIDX with three packs
-(a, b, c), with 10, 15, and 20 objects respectively, we can imagine an
-ordering of the objects like:
-
-    |a,0|a,1|...|a,9|b,0|b,1|...|b,14|c,0|c,1|...|c,19|
-
-where the ordering of the packs is defined by the MIDX's pack list,
-and then the ordering of objects within each pack is the same as the
-order in the actual packfile.
-
-Given the list of packs and their counts of objects, you can
-naïvely reconstruct that pseudo-pack ordering (e.g., the object at
-position 27 must be (c,1) because packs "a" and "b" consumed 25 of the
-slots). But there's a catch. Objects may be duplicated between packs, in
-which case the MIDX only stores one pointer to the object (and thus we'd
-want only one slot in the bitmap).
-
-Callers could handle duplicates themselves by reading objects in order
-of their bit-position, but that's linear in the number of objects, and
-much too expensive for ordinary bitmap lookups. Building a reverse index
-solves this, since it is the logical inverse of the index, and that
-index has already removed duplicates. But, building a reverse index on
-the fly can be expensive. Since we already have an on-disk format for
-pack-based reverse indexes, let's reuse it for the MIDX's pseudo-pack,
-too.
-
-Objects from the MIDX are ordered as follows to string together the
-pseudo-pack. Let `pack(o)` return the pack from which `o` was selected
-by the MIDX, and define an ordering of packs based on their numeric ID
-(as stored by the MIDX). Let `offset(o)` return the object offset of `o`
-within `pack(o)`. Then, compare `o1` and `o2` as follows:
-
-  - If one of `pack(o1)` and `pack(o2)` is preferred and the other
-    is not, then the preferred one sorts first.
-+
-(This is a detail that allows the MIDX bitmap to determine which
-pack should be used by the pack-reuse mechanism, since it can ask
-the MIDX for the pack containing the object at bit position 0).
-
-  - If `pack(o1) ≠ pack(o2)`, then sort the two objects in descending
-    order based on the pack ID.
-
-  - Otherwise, `pack(o1) = pack(o2)`, and the objects are sorted in
-    pack-order (i.e., `o1` sorts ahead of `o2` exactly when `offset(o1)
-    < offset(o2)`).
-
-In short, a MIDX's pseudo-pack is the de-duplicated concatenation of
-objects in packs stored by the MIDX, laid out in pack order, and the
-packs arranged in MIDX order (with the preferred pack coming first).
-
-Finally, note that the MIDX's reverse index is not stored as a chunk in
-the multi-pack-index itself. This is done because the reverse index
-includes the checksum of the pack or MIDX to which it belongs, which
-makes it impossible to write in the MIDX. To avoid races when rewriting
-the MIDX, a MIDX reverse index includes the MIDX's checksum in its
-filename (e.g., `multi-pack-index-xyz.rev`).

Documentation/technical/packfile-uri.txt

@@ -35,14 +35,13 @@ include some sort of non-trivial implementation in the Minimum Viable Product,
 at least so that we can test the client.
 
 This is the implementation: a feature, marked experimental, that allows the
-server to be configured by one or more `uploadpack.blobPackfileUri=
-<object-hash> <pack-hash> <uri>` entries. Whenever the list of objects to be
-sent is assembled, all such blobs are excluded, replaced with URIs. As noted
-in "Future work" below, the server can evolve in the future to support
-excluding other objects (or other implementations of servers could be made
-that support excluding other objects) without needing a protocol change, so
-clients should not expect that packfiles downloaded in this way only contain
-single blobs.
+server to be configured by one or more `uploadpack.blobPackfileUri=<sha1>
+<uri>` entries. Whenever the list of objects to be sent is assembled, all such
+blobs are excluded, replaced with URIs. As noted in "Future work" below, the
+server can evolve in the future to support excluding other objects (or other
+implementations of servers could be made that support excluding other objects)
+without needing a protocol change, so clients should not expect that packfiles
+downloaded in this way only contain single blobs.
 
 Client design
 -------------

Documentation/technical/parallel-checkout.txt

@@ -1,270 +0,0 @@
-Parallel Checkout Design Notes
-==============================
-
-The "Parallel Checkout" feature attempts to use multiple processes to
-parallelize the work of uncompressing the blobs, applying in-core
-filters, and writing the resulting contents to the working tree during a
-checkout operation. It can be used by all checkout-related commands,
-such as `clone`, `checkout`, `reset`, `sparse-checkout`, and others.
-
-These commands share the following basic structure:
-
-* Step 1: Read the current index file into memory.
-
-* Step 2: Modify the in-memory index based upon the command, and
-  temporarily mark all cache entries that need to be updated.
-
-* Step 3: Populate the working tree to match the new candidate index.
-  This includes iterating over all of the to-be-updated cache entries
-  and delete, create, or overwrite the associated files in the working
-  tree.
-
-* Step 4: Write the new index to disk.
-
-Step 3 is the focus of the "parallel checkout" effort described here.
-
-Sequential Implementation
--------------------------
-
-For the purposes of discussion here, the current sequential
-implementation of Step 3 is divided in 3 parts, each one implemented in
-its own function:
-
-* Step 3a: `unpack-trees.c:check_updates()` contains a series of
-  sequential loops iterating over the `cache_entry`'s array. The main
-  loop in this function calls the Step 3b function for each of the
-  to-be-updated entries.
-
-* Step 3b: `entry.c:checkout_entry()` examines the existing working tree
-  for file conflicts, collisions, and unsaved changes. It removes files
-  and creates leading directories as necessary. It calls the Step 3c
-  function for each entry to be written.
-
-* Step 3c: `entry.c:write_entry()` loads the blob into memory, smudges
-  it if necessary, creates the file in the working tree, writes the
-  smudged contents, calls `fstat()` or `lstat()`, and updates the
-  associated `cache_entry` struct with the stat information gathered.
-
-It wouldn't be safe to perform Step 3b in parallel, as there could be
-race conditions between file creations and removals. Instead, the
-parallel checkout framework lets the sequential code handle Step 3b,
-and uses parallel workers to replace the sequential
-`entry.c:write_entry()` calls from Step 3c.
-
-Rejected Multi-Threaded Solution
---------------------------------
-
-The most "straightforward" implementation would be to spread the set of
-to-be-updated cache entries across multiple threads. But due to the
-thread-unsafe functions in the ODB code, we would have to use locks to
-coordinate the parallel operation. An early prototype of this solution
-showed that the multi-threaded checkout would bring performance
-improvements over the sequential code, but there was still too much lock
-contention. A `perf` profiling indicated that around 20% of the runtime
-during a local Linux clone (on an SSD) was spent in locking functions.
-For this reason this approach was rejected in favor of using multiple
-child processes, which led to a better performance.
-
-Multi-Process Solution
-----------------------
-
-Parallel checkout alters the aforementioned Step 3 to use multiple
-`checkout--worker` background processes to distribute the work. The
-long-running worker processes are controlled by the foreground Git
-command using the existing run-command API.
-
-Overview
-~~~~~~~~
-
-Step 3b is only slightly altered; for each entry to be checked out, the
-main process performs the following steps:
-
-* M1: Check whether there is any untracked or unclean file in the
-  working tree which would be overwritten by this entry, and decide
-  whether to proceed (removing the file(s)) or not.
-
-* M2: Create the leading directories.
-
-* M3: Load the conversion attributes for the entry's path.
-
-* M4: Check, based on the entry's type and conversion attributes,
-  whether the entry is eligible for parallel checkout (more on this
-  later). If it is eligible, enqueue the entry and the loaded
-  attributes to later write the entry in parallel. If not, write the
-  entry right away, using the default sequential code.
-
-Note: we save the conversion attributes associated with each entry
-because the workers don't have access to the main process' index state,
-so they can't load the attributes by themselves (and the attributes are
-needed to properly smudge the entry). Additionally, this has a positive
-impact on performance as (1) we don't need to load the attributes twice
-and (2) the attributes machinery is optimized to handle paths in
-sequential order.
-
-After all entries have passed through the above steps, the main process
-checks if the number of enqueued entries is sufficient to spread among
-the workers. If not, it just writes them sequentially. Otherwise, it
-spawns the workers and distributes the queued entries uniformly in
-continuous chunks. This aims to minimize the chances of two workers
-writing to the same directory simultaneously, which could increase lock
-contention in the kernel.
-
-Then, for each assigned item, each worker:
-
-* W1: Checks if there is any non-directory file in the leading part of
-  the entry's path or if there already exists a file at the entry' path.
-  If so, mark the entry with `PC_ITEM_COLLIDED` and skip it (more on
-  this later).
-
-* W2: Creates the file (with O_CREAT and O_EXCL).
-
-* W3: Loads the blob into memory (inflating and delta reconstructing
-  it).
-
-* W4: Applies any required in-process filter, like end-of-line
-  conversion and re-encoding.
-
-* W5: Writes the result to the file descriptor opened at W2.
-
-* W6: Calls `fstat()` or lstat()` on the just-written path, and sends
-  the result back to the main process, together with the end status of
-  the operation and the item's identification number.
-
-Note that, when possible, steps W3 to W5 are delegated to the streaming
-machinery, removing the need to keep the entire blob in memory.
-
-If the worker fails to read the blob or to write it to the working tree,
-it removes the created file to avoid leaving empty files behind. This is
-the *only* time a worker is allowed to remove a file.
-
-As mentioned earlier, it is the responsibility of the main process to
-remove any file that blocks the checkout operation (or abort if the
-removal(s) would cause data loss and the user didn't ask to `--force`).
-This is crucial to avoid race conditions and also to properly detect
-path collisions at Step W1.
-
-After the workers finish writing the items and sending back the required
-information, the main process handles the results in two steps:
-
-- First, it updates the in-memory index with the `lstat()` information
-  sent by the workers. (This must be done first as this information
-  might me required in the following step.)
-
-- Then it writes the items which collided on disk (i.e. items marked
-  with `PC_ITEM_COLLIDED`). More on this below.
-
-Path Collisions
----------------
-
-Path collisions happen when two different paths correspond to the same
-entry in the file system. E.g. the paths 'a' and 'A' would collide in a
-case-insensitive file system.
-
-The sequential checkout deals with collisions in the same way that it
-deals with files that were already present in the working tree before
-checkout. Basically, it checks if the path that it wants to write
-already exists on disk, makes sure the existing file doesn't have
-unsaved data, and then overwrites it. (To be more pedantic: it deletes
-the existing file and creates the new one.) So, if there are multiple
-colliding files to be checked out, the sequential code will write each
-one of them but only the last will actually survive on disk.
-
-Parallel checkout aims to reproduce the same behavior. However, we
-cannot let the workers racily write to the same file on disk. Instead,
-the workers detect when the entry that they want to check out would
-collide with an existing file, and mark it with `PC_ITEM_COLLIDED`.
-Later, the main process can sequentially feed these entries back to
-`checkout_entry()` without the risk of race conditions. On clone, this
-also has the effect of marking the colliding entries to later emit a
-warning for the user, like the classic sequential checkout does.
-
-The workers are able to detect both collisions among the entries being
-concurrently written and collisions between a parallel-eligible entry
-and an ineligible entry. The general idea for collision detection is
-quite straightforward: for each parallel-eligible entry, the main
-process must remove all files that prevent this entry from being written
-(before enqueueing it). This includes any non-directory file in the
-leading path of the entry. Later, when a worker gets assigned the entry,
-it looks again for the non-directories files and for an already existing
-file at the entry's path. If any of these checks finds something, the
-worker knows that there was a path collision.
-
-Because parallel checkout can distinguish path collisions from the case
-where the file was already present in the working tree before checkout,
-we could alternatively choose to skip the checkout of colliding entries.
-However, each entry that doesn't get written would have NULL `lstat()`
-fields on the index. This could cause performance penalties for
-subsequent commands that need to refresh the index, as they would have
-to go to the file system to see if the entry is dirty. Thus, if we have
-N entries in a colliding group and we decide to write and `lstat()` only
-one of them, every subsequent `git-status` will have to read, convert,
-and hash the written file N - 1 times. By checking out all colliding
-entries (like the sequential code does), we only pay the overhead once,
-during checkout.
-
-Eligible Entries for Parallel Checkout
---------------------------------------
-
-As previously mentioned, not all entries passed to `checkout_entry()`
-will be considered eligible for parallel checkout. More specifically, we
-exclude:
-
-- Symbolic links; to avoid race conditions that, in combination with
-  path collisions, could cause workers to write files at the wrong
-  place. For example, if we were to concurrently check out a symlink
-  'a' -> 'b' and a regular file 'A/f' in a case-insensitive file system,
-  we could potentially end up writing the file 'A/f' at 'a/f', due to a
-  race condition.
-
-- Regular files that require external filters (either "one shot" filters
-  or long-running process filters). These filters are black-boxes to Git
-  and may have their own internal locking or non-concurrent assumptions.
-  So it might not be safe to run multiple instances in parallel.
-+
-Besides, long-running filters may use the delayed checkout feature to
-postpone the return of some filtered blobs. The delayed checkout queue
-and the parallel checkout queue are not compatible and should remain
-separate.
-+
-Note: regular files that only require internal filters, like end-of-line
-conversion and re-encoding, are eligible for parallel checkout.
-
-Ineligible entries are checked out by the classic sequential codepath
-*before* spawning workers.
-
-Note: submodules's files are also eligible for parallel checkout (as
-long as they don't fall into any of the excluding categories mentioned
-above). But since each submodule is checked out in its own child
-process, we don't mix the superproject's and the submodules' files in
-the same parallel checkout process or queue.
-
-The API
--------
-
-The parallel checkout API was designed with the goal of minimizing
-changes to the current users of the checkout machinery. This means that
-they don't have to call a different function for sequential or parallel
-checkout. As already mentioned, `checkout_entry()` will automatically
-insert the given entry in the parallel checkout queue when this feature
-is enabled and the entry is eligible; otherwise, it will just write the
-entry right away, using the sequential code. In general, callers of the
-parallel checkout API should look similar to this:
-
-----------------------------------------------
-int pc_workers, pc_threshold, err = 0;
-struct checkout state;
-
-get_parallel_checkout_configs(&pc_workers, &pc_threshold);
-
-/*
- * This check is not strictly required, but it
- * should save some time in sequential mode.
- */
-if (pc_workers > 1)
-	init_parallel_checkout();
-
-for (each cache_entry ce to-be-updated)
-	err |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL, NULL);
-
-err |= run_parallel_checkout(&state, pc_workers, pc_threshold, NULL, NULL);
-----------------------------------------------

Documentation/technical/partial-clone.txt

@@ -242,7 +242,8 @@ remote in a specific order.
   repository and can satisfy all such requests.
 
 - Repack essentially treats promisor and non-promisor packfiles as 2
-  distinct partitions and does not mix them.
+  distinct partitions and does not mix them.  Repack currently only works
+  on non-promisor packfiles and loose objects.
 
 - Dynamic object fetching invokes fetch-pack once *for each item*
   because most algorithms stumble upon a missing object and need to have
@@ -272,6 +273,9 @@ to use those promisor remotes in that order."
 The user might want to work in a triangular work flow with multiple
 promisor remotes that each have an incomplete view of the repository.
 
+- Allow repack to work on promisor packfiles (while keeping them distinct
+  from non-promisor packfiles).
+
 - Allow non-pathname-based filters to make use of packfile bitmaps (when
   present).  This was just an omission during the initial implementation.
 

Documentation/technical/protocol-v2.txt

@@ -346,14 +346,6 @@ explained below.
 	client should download from all given URIs. Currently, the
 	protocols supported are "http" and "https".
 
-If the 'wait-for-done' feature is advertised, the following argument
-can be included in the client's request.
-
-    wait-for-done
-	Indicates to the server that it should never send "ready", but
-	should wait for the client to say "done" before sending the
-	packfile.
-
 The response of `fetch` is broken into a number of sections separated by
 delimiter packets (0001), with each section beginning with its section
 header. Most sections are sent only when the packfile is sent.
@@ -522,34 +514,3 @@ packet-line, and must not contain non-printable or whitespace characters. The
 current implementation uses trace2 session IDs (see
 link:api-trace2.html[api-trace2] for details), but this may change and users of
 the session ID should not rely on this fact.
-
-object-info
-~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-`object-info` is the command to retrieve information about one or more objects.
-Its main purpose is to allow a client to make decisions based on this
-information without having to fully fetch objects. Object size is the only
-information that is currently supported.
-
-An `object-info` request takes the following arguments:
-
-	size
-	Requests size information to be returned for each listed object id.
-
-	oid <oid>
-	Indicates to the server an object which the client wants to obtain
-	information for.
-
-The response of `object-info` is a list of the requested object ids
-and associated requested information, each separated by a single space.
-
-	output = info flush-pkt
-
-	info = PKT-LINE(attrs) LF)
-		*PKT-LINE(obj-info LF)
-
-	attrs = attr | attrs SP attrs
-
-	attr = "size"
-
-	obj-info = obj-id SP obj-size

Documentation/technical/reftable.txt

@@ -1011,13 +1011,8 @@ reftable stack, reload `tables.list`, and delete any tables no longer mentioned
 in `tables.list`.
 
 Irregular program exit may still leave about unused files. In this case, a
-cleanup operation should proceed as follows:
-
-* take a lock `tables.list.lock` to prevent concurrent modifications
-* refresh the reftable stack, by reading `tables.list`
-* for each `*.ref` file, remove it if
-** it is not mentioned in `tables.list`, and
-** its max update_index is not beyond the max update_index of the stack
+cleanup operation can read `tables.list`, note its modification timestamp, and
+delete any unreferenced `*.ref` files that are older.
 
 
 Alternatives considered