Git 2.30.5

Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>

.cirrus.yml

@@ -2,15 +2,8 @@ env:
   CIRRUS_CLONE_DEPTH: 1
 
 freebsd_12_task:
-  env:
-    GIT_PROVE_OPTS: "--timer --jobs 10"
-    GIT_TEST_OPTS: "--no-chain-lint --no-bin-wrappers"
-    MAKEFLAGS: "-j4"
-    DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET: prove
-    DEVELOPER: 1
   freebsd_instance:
-    image_family: freebsd-12-3
-    memory: 2G
+    image: freebsd-12-1-release-amd64
   install_script:
     pkg install -y gettext gmake perl5
   create_user_script:

.gitattributes

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 *.pm eol=lf diff=perl
 *.py eol=lf diff=python
 *.bat eol=crlf
-CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md -whitespace
 /Documentation/**/*.txt eol=lf
 /command-list.txt eol=lf
 /GIT-VERSION-GEN eol=lf

.github/workflows/check-whitespace.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 name: check-whitespace
 
-# Get the repository with all commits to ensure that we can analyze
-# all of the commits contributed via the Pull Request.
+# Get the repo with the commits(+1) in the series.
 # Process `git log --check` output to extract just the check errors.
-# Exit with failure upon white-space issues.
+# Add a comment to the pull request with the check errors.
 
 on:
   pull_request:
@@ -13,9 +12,15 @@ jobs:
   check-whitespace:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
+    - name: Set commit count
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "COMMIT_DEPTH=$((1+$COMMITS))" >>$GITHUB_ENV
+      env:
+        COMMITS: ${{ github.event.pull_request.commits }}
+
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
+        fetch-depth: ${{ env.COMMIT_DEPTH }}
 
     - name: git log --check
       id: check_out
@@ -42,9 +47,25 @@ jobs:
             echo "${dash} ${etc}"
             ;;
           esac
-        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" ${{github.event.pull_request.base.sha}}..)
+        done <<< $(git log --check --pretty=format:"---% h% s" -${{github.event.pull_request.commits}})
 
         if test -n "${log}"
         then
+          echo "::set-output name=checkout::"${log}""
           exit 2
         fi
+
+    - name: Add Check Output as Comment
+      uses: actions/github-script@v3
+      id: add-comment
+      env:
+        log: ${{ steps.check_out.outputs.checkout }}
+      with:
+        script: |
+            await github.issues.createComment({
+              issue_number: context.issue.number,
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              body: `Whitespace errors found in workflow ${{ github.workflow }}:\n\n\`\`\`\n${process.env.log.replace(/\\n/g, "\n")}\n\`\`\``
+            })
+      if: ${{ failure() }}

.github/workflows/l10n.yml

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-name: git-l10n
-
-on: [push, pull_request_target]
-
-jobs:
-  git-po-helper:
-    if: >-
-      endsWith(github.repository, '/git-po') ||
-      contains(github.head_ref, 'l10n') ||
-      contains(github.ref, 'l10n')
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      pull-requests: write
-    steps:
-      - name: Setup base and head objects
-        id: setup-tips
-        run: |
-          if test "${{ github.event_name }}" = "pull_request_target"
-          then
-            base=${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
-            head=${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
-          else
-            base=${{ github.event.before }}
-            head=${{ github.event.after }}
-          fi
-          echo "::set-output name=base::$base"
-          echo "::set-output name=head::$head"
-      - name: Run partial clone
-        run: |
-          git -c init.defaultBranch=master init --bare .
-          git remote add \
-            --mirror=fetch \
-            origin \
-            https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}
-          # Fetch tips that may be unreachable from github.ref:
-          # - For a forced push, "$base" may be unreachable.
-          # - For a "pull_request_target" event, "$head" may be unreachable.
-          args=
-          for commit in \
-            ${{ steps.setup-tips.outputs.base }} \
-            ${{ steps.setup-tips.outputs.head }}
-          do
-            case $commit in
-            *[^0]*)
-              args="$args $commit"
-              ;;
-            *)
-              # Should not fetch ZERO-OID.
-              ;;
-            esac
-          done
-          git -c protocol.version=2 fetch \
-            --progress \
-            --no-tags \
-            --no-write-fetch-head \
-            --filter=blob:none \
-            origin \
-            ${{ github.ref }} \
-            $args
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-        with:
-          go-version: '>=1.16'
-      - name: Install git-po-helper
-        run: go install github.com/git-l10n/git-po-helper@main
-      - name: Install other dependencies
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get update -q &&
-          sudo apt-get install -q -y gettext
-      - name: Run git-po-helper
-        id: check-commits
-        run: |
-          exit_code=0
-          git-po-helper check-commits \
-            --github-action-event="${{ github.event_name }}" -- \
-            ${{ steps.setup-tips.outputs.base }}..${{ steps.setup-tips.outputs.head }} \
-            >git-po-helper.out 2>&1 || exit_code=$?
-          if test $exit_code -ne 0 || grep -q WARNING git-po-helper.out
-          then
-            # Remove ANSI colors which are proper for console logs but not
-            # proper for PR comment.
-            echo "COMMENT_BODY<<EOF" >>$GITHUB_ENV
-            perl -pe 's/\e\[[0-9;]*m//g; s/\bEOF$//g' git-po-helper.out >>$GITHUB_ENV
-            echo "EOF" >>$GITHUB_ENV
-          fi
-          cat git-po-helper.out
-          exit $exit_code
-      - name: Create comment in pull request for report
-        uses: mshick/add-pr-comment@v1
-        if: >-
-          always() &&
-          github.event_name == 'pull_request_target' &&
-          env.COMMENT_BODY != ''
-        with:
-          repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          repo-token-user-login: 'github-actions[bot]'
-          message: >
-            ${{ steps.check-commits.outcome == 'failure' && 'Errors and warnings' || 'Warnings' }}
-            found by [git-po-helper](https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po-helper#readme) in workflow
-            [#${{ github.run_number }}](${{ env.GITHUB_SERVER_URL }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}):
-
-            ```
-
-            ${{ env.COMMENT_BODY }}
-
-            ```

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: CI
+name: CI/PR
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ env:
 
 jobs:
   ci-config:
-    name: config
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     outputs:
       enabled: ${{ steps.check-ref.outputs.enabled }}${{ steps.skip-if-redundant.outputs.enabled }}
@@ -78,28 +77,49 @@ jobs:
             }
 
   windows-build:
-    name: win build
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: build
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
       shell: bash
+      run: |
+        ## Get artifact
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
+    - name: build
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         HOME: ${{runner.workspace}}
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_PERL: 1
-      run: . /etc/profile && ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
-    - name: zip up tracked files
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+        printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/make-test-artifacts.sh artifacts
+        "@
+    - name: upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: artifacts
+    - name: upload git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: git-sdk-64-minimal
   windows-test:
-    name: win test
     runs-on: windows-latest
     needs: [windows-build]
     strategy:
@@ -107,40 +127,65 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: windows-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
-      run: . /etc/profile && ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
+    - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      if: failure()
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
   vs-build:
-    name: win+VS build
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     env:
+      MSYSTEM: MINGW64
       NO_PERL: 1
       GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS: "'user.name=CI' 'user.email=ci@git'"
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: initialize vcpkg
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      with:
-        repository: 'microsoft/vcpkg'
-        path: 'compat/vcbuild/vcpkg'
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        ## Get artifact
+        urlbase=https://dev.azure.com/git-for-windows/git/_apis/build/builds
+        id=$(curl "$urlbase?definitions=22&statusFilter=completed&resultFilter=succeeded&\$top=1" |
+          jq -r ".value[] | .id")
+        download_url="$(curl "$urlbase/$id/artifacts" |
+          jq -r '.value[] | select(.name == "git-sdk-64-minimal").resource.downloadUrl')"
+        curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 5 --retry-delay 0 --retry-max-time 240 \
+          -o artifacts.zip "$download_url"
+
+        ## Unzip and remove the artifact
+        unzip artifacts.zip
+        rm artifacts.zip
     - name: download vcpkg artifacts
       shell: powershell
       run: |
@@ -153,61 +198,79 @@ jobs:
     - name: add msbuild to PATH
       uses: microsoft/setup-msbuild@v1
     - name: copy dlls to root
-      shell: cmd
-      run: compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & compat\vcbuild\vcpkg_copy_dlls.bat release
+        if (!$?) { exit(1) }
     - name: generate Visual Studio solution
       shell: bash
       run: |
         cmake `pwd`/contrib/buildsystems/ -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=`pwd`/compat/vcbuild/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows \
-        -DNO_GETTEXT=YesPlease -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
+        -DMSGFMT_EXE=`pwd`/git-sdk-64-minimal/mingw64/bin/msgfmt.exe -DPERL_TESTS=OFF -DPYTHON_TESTS=OFF -DCURL_NO_CURL_CMAKE=ON
     - name: MSBuild
       run: msbuild git.sln -property:Configuration=Release -property:Platform=x64 -maxCpuCount:4 -property:PlatformToolset=v142
     - name: bundle artifact tar
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
         MSVC: 1
         VCPKG_ROOT: ${{github.workspace}}\compat\vcbuild\vcpkg
       run: |
-        mkdir -p artifacts &&
-        eval "$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease 2>&1 | grep ^tar)"
-    - name: zip up tracked files
-      run: git archive -o artifacts/tracked.tar.gz HEAD
-    - name: upload tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        & git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          mkdir -p artifacts &&
+          eval \"`$(make -n artifacts-tar INCLUDE_DLLS_IN_ARTIFACTS=YesPlease ARTIFACTS_DIRECTORY=artifacts 2>&1 | grep ^tar)\"
+        "@
+    - name: upload build artifacts
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: artifacts
   vs-test:
-    name: win+VS test
     runs-on: windows-latest
-    needs: vs-build
+    needs: [vs-build, windows-build]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
     steps:
-    - uses: git-for-windows/setup-git-for-windows-sdk@v1
-    - name: download tracked files and build artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - name: download git-sdk-64-minimal
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
+      with:
+        name: git-sdk-64-minimal
+        path: ${{github.workspace}}/git-sdk-64-minimal/
+    - name: download build artifacts
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: vs-artifacts
         path: ${{github.workspace}}
-    - name: extract tracked files and build artifacts
+    - name: extract build artifacts
       shell: bash
-      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz && tar xf tracked.tar.gz
+      run: tar xf artifacts.tar.gz
     - name: test
-      shell: bash
+      shell: powershell
       env:
+        MSYSTEM: MINGW64
         NO_SVN_TESTS: 1
-      run: . /etc/profile && ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        GIT_TEST_SKIP_REBASE_P: 1
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc @"
+          # Let Git ignore the SDK and the test-cache
+          printf '%s\n' /git-sdk-64-minimal/ /test-cache/ >>.git/info/exclude
+
+          ci/run-test-slice.sh ${{matrix.nr}} 10
+        "@
+    - name: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      if: failure()
+      shell: powershell
+      run: |
+        & .\git-sdk-64-minimal\usr\bin\bash.exe -lc ci/print-test-failures.sh
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-windows
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
   regular:
-    name: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}} (${{matrix.vector.pool}})
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     strategy:
@@ -217,50 +280,35 @@ jobs:
           - jobname: linux-clang
             cc: clang
             pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-sha256
-            cc: clang
-            os: ubuntu
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
           - jobname: linux-gcc
             cc: gcc
-            cc_package: gcc-8
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-TEST-vars
-            cc: gcc
-            os: ubuntu
-            cc_package: gcc-8
             pool: ubuntu-latest
           - jobname: osx-clang
             cc: clang
             pool: macos-latest
           - jobname: osx-gcc
             cc: gcc
-            cc_package: gcc-9
             pool: macos-latest
-          - jobname: linux-gcc-default
-            cc: gcc
-            pool: ubuntu-latest
-          - jobname: linux-leaks
+          - jobname: GETTEXT_POISON
             cc: gcc
             pool: ubuntu-latest
     env:
       CC: ${{matrix.vector.cc}}
-      CC_PACKAGE: ${{matrix.vector.cc_package}}
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
-      runs_on_pool: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
     runs-on: ${{matrix.vector.pool}}
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
+    - run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      if: failure()
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
       with:
         name: failed-tests-${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
         path: ${{env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS}}
   dockerized:
-    name: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}} (${{matrix.vector.image}})
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     strategy:
@@ -269,11 +317,8 @@ jobs:
         vector:
         - jobname: linux-musl
           image: alpine
-        - jobname: linux32
-          os: ubuntu32
+        - jobname: Linux32
           image: daald/ubuntu32:xenial
-        - jobname: pedantic
-          image: fedora
     env:
       jobname: ${{matrix.vector.jobname}}
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -282,6 +327,8 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-docker-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
+    - run: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+      if: failure()
     - name: Upload failed tests' directories
       if: failure() && env.FAILED_TEST_ARTIFACTS != ''
       uses: actions/upload-artifact@v1
@@ -295,38 +342,16 @@ jobs:
       jobname: StaticAnalysis
     runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
-    - run: ci/check-directional-formatting.bash
-  sparse:
-    needs: ci-config
-    if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
-    env:
-      jobname: sparse
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    steps:
-    - name: Download a current `sparse` package
-      # Ubuntu's `sparse` version is too old for us
-      uses: git-for-windows/get-azure-pipelines-artifact@v0
-      with:
-        repository: git/git
-        definitionId: 10
-        artifact: sparse-20.04
-    - name: Install the current `sparse` package
-      run: sudo dpkg -i sparse-20.04/sparse_*.deb
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install other dependencies
-      run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
-    - run: make sparse
   documentation:
-    name: documentation
     needs: ci-config
     if: needs.ci-config.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
     env:
       jobname: Documentation
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
     - run: ci/install-dependencies.sh
     - run: ci/test-documentation.sh

.gitignore

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 /git-check-mailmap
 /git-check-ref-format
 /git-checkout
-/git-checkout--worker
 /git-checkout-index
 /git-cherry
 /git-cherry-pick
@@ -72,13 +71,11 @@
 /git-format-patch
 /git-fsck
 /git-fsck-objects
-/git-fsmonitor--daemon
 /git-gc
 /git-get-tar-commit-id
 /git-grep
 /git-hash-object
 /git-help
-/git-hook
 /git-http-backend
 /git-http-fetch
 /git-http-push
@@ -127,6 +124,7 @@
 /git-range-diff
 /git-read-tree
 /git-rebase
+/git-rebase--preserve-merges
 /git-receive-pack
 /git-reflog
 /git-remote
@@ -164,7 +162,6 @@
 /git-stripspace
 /git-submodule
 /git-submodule--helper
-/git-subtree
 /git-svn
 /git-switch
 /git-symbolic-ref
@@ -191,7 +188,6 @@
 /gitweb/static/gitweb.min.*
 /config-list.h
 /command-list.h
-/hook-list.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
 *.deb
@@ -200,7 +196,6 @@
 *.[aos]
 *.o.json
 *.py[co]
-.build/
 .depend/
 *.gcda
 *.gcno
@@ -227,7 +222,6 @@
 *.lib
 *.res
 *.sln
-*.sp
 *.suo
 *.ncb
 *.vcproj

.mailmap

@@ -59,9 +59,8 @@ David Reiss <dreiss@facebook.com> <dreiss@dreiss-vmware.(none)>
 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
 David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twopensource.com>
 David Turner <novalis@novalis.org> <dturner@twosigma.com>
-Derrick Stolee <derrickstolee@github.com> <stolee@gmail.com>
-Derrick Stolee <derrickstolee@github.com> Derrick Stolee via GitGitGadget <gitgitgadget@gmail.com>
-Derrick Stolee <derrickstolee@github.com> <dstolee@microsoft.com>
+Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> <stolee@gmail.com>
+Derrick Stolee <dstolee@microsoft.com> Derrick Stolee via GitGitGadget <gitgitgadget@gmail.com>
 Deskin Miller <deskinm@umich.edu>
 Đoàn Trần Công Danh <congdanhqx@gmail.com> Doan Tran Cong Danh
 Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
@@ -221,7 +220,6 @@ Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx> <ph@sorgh.de>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
 Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com> <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
-Ramkumar Ramachandra <r@artagnon.com> <artagnon@gmail.com>
 Randall S. Becker <randall.becker@nexbridge.ca> <rsbecker@nexbridge.com>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
 René Scharfe <l.s.r@web.de> Rene Scharfe

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+language: c
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+    - $HOME/travis-cache
+
+os:
+  - linux
+  - osx
+
+osx_image: xcode10.1
+
+compiler:
+  - clang
+  - gcc
+
+matrix:
+  include:
+    - env: jobname=GETTEXT_POISON
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      before_install:
+    - env: jobname=linux-gcc-4.8
+      os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      compiler:
+    - env: jobname=Linux32
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      services:
+        - docker
+      before_install:
+      script: ci/run-docker.sh
+    - env: jobname=linux-musl
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      addons:
+      services:
+        - docker
+      before_install:
+      script: ci/run-docker.sh
+    - env: jobname=StaticAnalysis
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      script: ci/run-static-analysis.sh
+      after_failure:
+    - env: jobname=Documentation
+      os: linux
+      compiler:
+      script: ci/test-documentation.sh
+      after_failure:
+
+before_install: ci/install-dependencies.sh
+script: ci/run-build-and-tests.sh
+after_failure: ci/print-test-failures.sh
+
+notifications:
+  email: false

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -8,138 +8,86 @@ this code of conduct may be banned from the community.
 
 ## Our Pledge
 
-We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our
-community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
-size, visible or invisible disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender
-identity and expression, level of experience, education, socio-economic status,
-nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity
-and orientation.
-
-We pledge to act and interact in ways that contribute to an open, welcoming,
-diverse, inclusive, and healthy community.
+In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
+contributors and maintainers pledge to make participation in our project and
+our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age,
+body size, disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and
+expression, level of experience, education, socio-economic status,
+nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and
+orientation.
 
 ## Our Standards
 
-Examples of behavior that contributes to a positive environment for our
-community include:
+Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment
+include:
 
-* Demonstrating empathy and kindness toward other people
-* Being respectful of differing opinions, viewpoints, and experiences
-* Giving and gracefully accepting constructive feedback
-* Accepting responsibility and apologizing to those affected by our mistakes,
-  and learning from the experience
-* Focusing on what is best not just for us as individuals, but for the
-  overall community
+* Using welcoming and inclusive language
+* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
+* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
+* Focusing on what is best for the community
+* Showing empathy towards other community members
 
-Examples of unacceptable behavior include:
+Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:
 
-* The use of sexualized language or imagery, and sexual attention or
-  advances of any kind
-* Trolling, insulting or derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or
+  advances
+* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
 * Public or private harassment
-* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or email
-  address, without their explicit permission
+* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic
+  address, without explicit permission
 * Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a
   professional setting
 
-## Enforcement Responsibilities
+## Our Responsibilities
 
-Community leaders are responsible for clarifying and enforcing our standards of
-acceptable behavior and will take appropriate and fair corrective action in
-response to any behavior that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive,
-or harmful.
+Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable
+behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in
+response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.
 
-Community leaders have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject
-comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are
-not aligned to this Code of Conduct, and will communicate reasons for moderation
-decisions when appropriate.
+Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or
+reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions
+that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or
+permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate,
+threatening, offensive, or harmful.
 
 ## Scope
 
-This Code of Conduct applies within all community spaces, and also applies when
-an individual is officially representing the community in public spaces.
-Examples of representing our community include using an official e-mail address,
-posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed
-representative at an online or offline event.
+This Code of Conduct applies within all project spaces, and it also applies
+when an individual is representing the project or its community in public
+spaces. Examples of representing a project or community include using an
+official project e-mail address, posting via an official social media account,
+or acting as an appointed representative at an online or offline event.
+Representation of a project may be further defined and clarified by project
+maintainers.
 
 ## Enforcement
 
 Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be
-reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement at
+reported by contacting the project team at git@sfconservancy.org. All
+complaints will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response
+that is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. The project
+team is obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of
+an incident. Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted
+separately.
+
+Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good
+faith may face temporary or permanent repercussions as determined by other
+members of the project's leadership.
+
+The project leadership team can be contacted by email as a whole at
 git@sfconservancy.org, or individually:
 
   - Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
   - Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
+  - Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
   - Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
-  - Taylor Blau <me@ttaylorr.com>
-
-All complaints will be reviewed and investigated promptly and fairly.
-
-All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the
-reporter of any incident.
-
-## Enforcement Guidelines
-
-Community leaders will follow these Community Impact Guidelines in determining
-the consequences for any action they deem in violation of this Code of Conduct:
-
-### 1. Correction
-
-**Community Impact**: Use of inappropriate language or other behavior deemed
-unprofessional or unwelcome in the community.
-
-**Consequence**: A private, written warning from community leaders, providing
-clarity around the nature of the violation and an explanation of why the
-behavior was inappropriate. A public apology may be requested.
-
-### 2. Warning
-
-**Community Impact**: A violation through a single incident or series
-of actions.
-
-**Consequence**: A warning with consequences for continued behavior. No
-interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction with
-those enforcing the Code of Conduct, for a specified period of time. This
-includes avoiding interactions in community spaces as well as external channels
-like social media. Violating these terms may lead to a temporary or
-permanent ban.
-
-### 3. Temporary Ban
-
-**Community Impact**: A serious violation of community standards, including
-sustained inappropriate behavior.
-
-**Consequence**: A temporary ban from any sort of interaction or public
-communication with the community for a specified period of time. No public or
-private interaction with the people involved, including unsolicited interaction
-with those enforcing the Code of Conduct, is allowed during this period.
-Violating these terms may lead to a permanent ban.
-
-### 4. Permanent Ban
-
-**Community Impact**: Demonstrating a pattern of violation of community
-standards, including sustained inappropriate behavior,  harassment of an
-individual, or aggression toward or disparagement of classes of individuals.
-
-**Consequence**: A permanent ban from any sort of public interaction within
-the community.
 
 ## Attribution
 
 This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage],
-version 2.0, available at
-[https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/0/code_of_conduct.html][v2.0].
-
-Community Impact Guidelines were inspired by 
-[Mozilla's code of conduct enforcement ladder][Mozilla CoC].
-
-For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see the FAQ at
-[https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq][FAQ]. Translations are available 
-at [https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations][translations].
+version 1.4, available at https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/code-of-conduct.html
 
 [homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
-[v2.0]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/0/code_of_conduct.html
-[Mozilla CoC]: https://github.com/mozilla/diversity
-[FAQ]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq
-[translations]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations
 
+For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq

Documentation/.gitignore

@@ -14,5 +14,4 @@ manpage-base-url.xsl
 SubmittingPatches.txt
 tmp-doc-diff/
 GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-/.build/
 /GIT-EXCLUDED-PROGRAMS

Documentation/CodingGuidelines

@@ -26,13 +26,6 @@ code.  For Git in general, a few rough rules are:
    go and fix it up."
    Cf. http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1001.3/01069.html
 
- - Log messages to explain your changes are as important as the
-   changes themselves.  Clearly written code and in-code comments
-   explain how the code works and what is assumed from the surrounding
-   context.  The log messages explain what the changes wanted to
-   achieve and why the changes were necessary (more on this in the
-   accompanying SubmittingPatches document).
-
 Make your code readable and sensible, and don't try to be clever.
 
 As for more concrete guidelines, just imitate the existing code
@@ -43,10 +36,7 @@ the overall style of existing code. Modifications to existing
 code is expected to match the style the surrounding code already
 uses (even if it doesn't match the overall style of existing code).
 
-But if you must have a list of rules, here are some language
-specific ones. Note that Documentation/ToolsForGit.txt document
-has a collection of tips to help you use some external tools
-to conform to these guidelines.
+But if you must have a list of rules, here they are.
 
 For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
@@ -185,11 +175,6 @@ For shell scripts specifically (not exhaustive):
 
    does not have such a problem.
 
- - Even though "local" is not part of POSIX, we make heavy use of it
-   in our test suite.  We do not use it in scripted Porcelains, and
-   hopefully nobody starts using "local" before they are reimplemented
-   in C ;-)
-
 
 For C programs:
 
@@ -220,9 +205,6 @@ For C programs:
    . since mid 2017 with 512f41cf, we have been using designated
      initializers for array (e.g. "int array[10] = { [5] = 2 }").
 
-   . since early 2021 with 765dc168882, we have been using variadic
-     macros, mostly for printf-like trace and debug macros.
-
    These used to be forbidden, but we have not heard any breakage
    report, and they are assumed to be safe.
 
@@ -230,10 +212,7 @@ For C programs:
    the first statement (i.e. -Wdeclaration-after-statement).
 
  - Declaring a variable in the for loop "for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)"
-   is still not allowed in this codebase.  We are in the process of
-   allowing it by waiting to see that 44ba10d6 (revision: use C99
-   declaration of variable in for() loop, 2021-11-14) does not get
-   complaints.  Let's revisit this around November 2022.
+   is still not allowed in this codebase.
 
  - NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0.
 
@@ -495,6 +474,17 @@ For Perl programs:
 
  - Learn and use Git.pm if you need that functionality.
 
+ - For Emacs, it's useful to put the following in
+   GIT_CHECKOUT/.dir-locals.el, assuming you use cperl-mode:
+
+    ;; note the first part is useful for C editing, too
+    ((nil . ((indent-tabs-mode . t)
+                  (tab-width . 8)
+                  (fill-column . 80)))
+     (cperl-mode . ((cperl-indent-level . 8)
+                    (cperl-extra-newline-before-brace . nil)
+                    (cperl-merge-trailing-else . t))))
+
 For Python scripts:
 
  - We follow PEP-8 (http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/).
@@ -504,43 +494,11 @@ For Python scripts:
  - Where required libraries do not restrict us to Python 2, we try to
    also be compatible with Python 3.1 and later.
 
-
-Program Output
-
- We make a distinction between a Git command's primary output and
- output which is merely chatty feedback (for instance, status
- messages, running transcript, or progress display), as well as error
- messages. Roughly speaking, a Git command's primary output is that
- which one might want to capture to a file or send down a pipe; its
- chatty output should not interfere with these use-cases.
-
- As such, primary output should be sent to the standard output stream
- (stdout), and chatty output should be sent to the standard error
- stream (stderr). Examples of commands which produce primary output
- include `git log`, `git show`, and `git branch --list` which generate
- output on the stdout stream.
-
- Not all Git commands have primary output; this is often true of
- commands whose main function is to perform an action. Some action
- commands are silent, whereas others are chatty. An example of a
- chatty action commands is `git clone` with its "Cloning into
- '<path>'..." and "Checking connectivity..." status messages which it
- sends to the stderr stream.
-
- Error messages from Git commands should always be sent to the stderr
- stream.
-
-
 Error Messages
 
  - Do not end error messages with a full stop.
 
- - Do not capitalize the first word, only because it is the first word
-   in the message ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s").  But
-   "SHA-3 not supported" is fine, because the reason the first word is
-   capitalized is not because it is at the beginning of the sentence,
-   but because the word would be spelled in capital letters even when
-   it appeared in the middle of the sentence.
+ - Do not capitalize ("unable to open %s", not "Unable to open %s")
 
  - Say what the error is first ("cannot open %s", not "%s: cannot open")
 
@@ -583,51 +541,6 @@ Writing Documentation:
  documentation, please see the documentation-related advice in the
  Documentation/SubmittingPatches file).
 
- In order to ensure the documentation is inclusive, avoid assuming
- that an unspecified example person is male or female, and think
- twice before using "he", "him", "she", or "her".  Here are some
- tips to avoid use of gendered pronouns:
-
-  - Prefer succinctness and matter-of-factly describing functionality
-    in the abstract.  E.g.
-
-     --short:: Emit output in the short-format.
-
-    and avoid something like these overly verbose alternatives:
-
-     --short:: Use this to emit output in the short-format.
-     --short:: You can use this to get output in the short-format.
-     --short:: A user who prefers shorter output could....
-     --short:: Should a person and/or program want shorter output, he
-               she/they/it can...
-
-    This practice often eliminates the need to involve human actors in
-    your description, but it is a good practice regardless of the
-    avoidance of gendered pronouns.
-
-  - When it becomes awkward to stick to this style, prefer "you" when
-    addressing the the hypothetical user, and possibly "we" when
-    discussing how the program might react to the user.  E.g.
-
-      You can use this option instead of --xyz, but we might remove
-      support for it in future versions.
-
-    while keeping in mind that you can probably be less verbose, e.g.
-
-      Use this instead of --xyz. This option might be removed in future
-      versions.
-
-  - If you still need to refer to an example person that is
-    third-person singular, you may resort to "singular they" to avoid
-    "he/she/him/her", e.g.
-
-      A contributor asks their upstream to pull from them.
-
-    Note that this sounds ungrammatical and unnatural to those who
-    learned that "they" is only used for third-person plural, e.g.
-    those who learn English as a second language in some parts of the
-    world.
-
  Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
  The same general rule as for code applies -- imitate the existing
  conventions.

Documentation/Makefile

@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-# Import tree-wide shared Makefile behavior and libraries
-include ../shared.mak
-
 # Guard against environment variables
 MAN1_TXT =
 MAN5_TXT =
 MAN7_TXT =
-HOWTO_TXT =
-DOC_DEP_TXT =
 TECH_DOCS =
 ARTICLES =
 SP_ARTICLES =
@@ -26,7 +21,6 @@ MAN1_TXT += gitweb.txt
 MAN5_TXT += gitattributes.txt
 MAN5_TXT += githooks.txt
 MAN5_TXT += gitignore.txt
-MAN5_TXT += gitmailmap.txt
 MAN5_TXT += gitmodules.txt
 MAN5_TXT += gitrepository-layout.txt
 MAN5_TXT += gitweb.conf.txt
@@ -47,11 +41,6 @@ MAN7_TXT += gittutorial-2.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gittutorial.txt
 MAN7_TXT += gitworkflows.txt
 
-HOWTO_TXT += $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
-
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard *.txt)
-DOC_DEP_TXT += $(wildcard config/*.txt)
-
 ifdef MAN_FILTER
 MAN_TXT = $(filter $(MAN_FILTER),$(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT))
 else
@@ -86,16 +75,12 @@ SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebuild-from-update-hook
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebase-from-internal-branch
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/keep-canonical-history-correct
 SP_ARTICLES += howto/maintain-git
-SP_ARTICLES += howto/coordinate-embargoed-releases
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
 SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
 
 TECH_DOCS += MyFirstContribution
 TECH_DOCS += MyFirstObjectWalk
 TECH_DOCS += SubmittingPatches
-TECH_DOCS += ToolsForGit
-TECH_DOCS += technical/bundle-format
-TECH_DOCS += technical/cruft-packs
 TECH_DOCS += technical/hash-function-transition
 TECH_DOCS += technical/http-protocol
 TECH_DOCS += technical/index-format
@@ -104,7 +89,6 @@ TECH_DOCS += technical/multi-pack-index
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-format
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-heuristics
 TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-protocol
-TECH_DOCS += technical/parallel-checkout
 TECH_DOCS += technical/partial-clone
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-capabilities
 TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
@@ -145,7 +129,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_CONF = -f asciidoc.conf
 ASCIIDOC_COMMON = $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
 		-amanversion=$(GIT_VERSION) \
 		-amanmanual='Git Manual' -amansource='Git'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoc.conf GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 TXT_TO_HTML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_HTML)
 TXT_TO_XML = $(ASCIIDOC_COMMON) -b $(ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK)
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
@@ -200,7 +183,6 @@ ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK = docbook5
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -acompat-mode -atabsize=8
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -I. -rasciidoctor-extensions
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -alitdd='&\#x2d;&\#x2d;'
-ASCIIDOC_DEPS = asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 DBLATEX_COMMON =
 XMLTO_EXTRA += --skip-validation
 XMLTO_EXTRA += -x manpage.xsl
@@ -220,6 +202,33 @@ DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_EDITOR))
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a 'git-default-editor=$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ)'
 endif
 
+QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
+QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),w),w)
+PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
+else # "make -w"
+NO_SUBDIR = :
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS),s),s)
+ifndef V
+	QUIET_ASCIIDOC	= @echo '   ' ASCIIDOC $@;
+	QUIET_XMLTO	= @echo '   ' XMLTO $@;
+	QUIET_DB2TEXI	= @echo '   ' DB2TEXI $@;
+	QUIET_MAKEINFO	= @echo '   ' MAKEINFO $@;
+	QUIET_DBLATEX	= @echo '   ' DBLATEX $@;
+	QUIET_XSLTPROC	= @echo '   ' XSLTPROC $@;
+	QUIET_GEN	= @echo '   ' GEN $@;
+	QUIET_LINT	= @echo '   ' LINT $@;
+	QUIET_STDERR	= 2> /dev/null
+	QUIET_SUBDIR0	= +@subdir=
+	QUIET_SUBDIR1	= ;$(NO_SUBDIR) echo '   ' SUBDIR $$subdir; \
+			  $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
+	export V
+endif
+endif
+
 all: html man
 
 html: $(DOC_HTML)
@@ -263,7 +272,7 @@ install-html: html
 ../GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)../ $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
-ifneq ($(filter-out lint-docs clean,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
+ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
 -include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
 endif
 
@@ -274,8 +283,10 @@ docdep_prereqs = \
 	mergetools-list.made $(mergetools_txt) \
 	cmd-list.made $(cmds_txt)
 
-doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) build-docdep.perl
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@ $(QUIET_STDERR)
+doc.dep : $(docdep_prereqs) $(wildcard *.txt) $(wildcard config/*.txt) build-docdep.perl
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./build-docdep.perl >$@+ $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
 -include doc.dep
@@ -295,7 +306,8 @@ cmds_txt = cmds-ancillaryinterrogators.txt \
 $(cmds_txt): cmd-list.made
 
 cmd-list.made: cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(MAN1_TXT)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) ./cmd-list.perl ../command-list.txt $(cmds_txt) $(QUIET_STDERR) && \
 	date >$@
 
 mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
@@ -303,13 +315,13 @@ mergetools_txt = mergetools-diff.txt mergetools-merge.txt
 $(mergetools_txt): mergetools-list.made
 
 mergetools-list.made: ../git-mergetool--lib.sh $(wildcard ../mergetools/*)
-	$(QUIET_GEN) \
-	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && TOOL_MODE=diff && \
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
 		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
-		show_tool_names can_diff' | sed -e "s/\([a-z0-9]*\)/\`\1\`;;/" >mergetools-diff.txt && \
-	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && TOOL_MODE=merge && \
+		show_tool_names can_diff "* " || :' >mergetools-diff.txt && \
+	$(SHELL_PATH) -c 'MERGE_TOOLS_DIR=../mergetools && \
 		. ../git-mergetool--lib.sh && \
-		show_tool_names can_merge' | sed -e "s/\([a-z0-9]*\)/\`\1\`;;/" >mergetools-merge.txt && \
+		show_tool_names can_merge "* " || :' >mergetools-merge.txt && \
 	date >$@
 
 TRACK_ASCIIDOCFLAGS = $(subst ','\'',$(ASCIIDOC_COMMON):$(ASCIIDOC_HTML):$(ASCIIDOC_DOCBOOK))
@@ -322,7 +334,6 @@ GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS: FORCE
             fi
 
 clean:
-	$(RM) -rf .build/
 	$(RM) *.xml *.xml+ *.html *.html+ *.1 *.5 *.7
 	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
 	$(RM) *.pdf
@@ -333,23 +344,32 @@ clean:
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 	$(RM) GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
 
-$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@ $<
+$(OBSOLETE_HTML): %.html : %.txto asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 manpage-base-url.xsl: manpage-base-url.xsl.in
 	$(QUIET_GEN)sed "s|@@MAN_BASE_URL@@|$(MAN_BASE_URL)|" $< > $@
 
 %.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml manpage-base-url.xsl $(wildcard manpage*.xsl)
-	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
+	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
+	$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
-%.xml : %.txt $(ASCIIDOC_DEPS)
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@ $<
+%.xml : %.txt asciidoc.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d manpage -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.xml: user-manual.txt user-manual.conf asciidoctor-extensions.rb GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@ $<
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(TXT_TO_XML) -d book -o $@+ $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 technical/api-index.txt: technical/api-index-skel.txt \
 	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
@@ -370,35 +390,46 @@ XSLTOPTS += --stringparam html.stylesheet docbook-xsl.css
 XSLTOPTS += --param generate.consistent.ids 1
 
 user-manual.html: user-manual.xml $(XSLT)
-	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@ $(XSLT) $<
+	$(QUIET_XSLTPROC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	xsltproc $(XSLTOPTS) -o $@+ $(XSLT) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 git.info: user-manual.texi
 	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split -o $@ user-manual.texi
 
 user-manual.texi: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@+ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@+ >$@ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) user-manual.xml --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout >$@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) fix-texi.perl <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 user-manual.pdf: user-manual.xml
-	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(DBLATEX) -o $@ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $<
+	$(QUIET_DBLATEX)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DBLATEX) -o $@+ $(DBLATEX_COMMON) $< && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.texi: $(MAN_XML) cat-texi.perl texi.xsl
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI) \
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	($(foreach xml,$(sort $(MAN_XML)),xsltproc -o $(xml)+ texi.xsl $(xml) && \
 		$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --encoding=UTF-8 --to-stdout $(xml)+ && \
-		$(RM) $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@+ && \
-	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@+ >$@ && \
-	$(RM) $@+
+		rm $(xml)+ &&) true) > $@++ && \
+	$(PERL_PATH) cat-texi.perl $@ <$@++ >$@+ && \
+	rm $@++ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 gitman.info: gitman.texi
-	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $<
+	$(QUIET_MAKEINFO)$(MAKEINFO) --no-split --no-validate $*.texi
 
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.texi,$(MAN_TXT)): %.texi : %.xml
-	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@
+	$(QUIET_DB2TEXI)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	$(DOCBOOK2X_TEXI) --to-stdout $*.xml >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
-howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(HOWTO_TXT)
-	$(QUIET_GEN)'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(HOWTO_TXT)) >$@
+howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(wildcard howto/*.txt)) >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(TXT_TO_HTML) $*.txt
@@ -406,10 +437,11 @@ $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
 howto/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
-$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(HOWTO_TXT)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC) \
+$(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt GIT-ASCIIDOCFLAGS
+	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | \
-	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@
+	$(TXT_TO_HTML) - >$@+ && \
+	mv $@+ $@
 
 install-webdoc : html
 	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
@@ -436,42 +468,8 @@ quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
 print-man1:
 	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
 
-## Lint: gitlink
-LINT_DOCS_GITLINK = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok,$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT))
-$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): lint-gitlink.perl
-$(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK): .build/lint-docs/gitlink/%.ok: %.txt
-	$(call mkdir_p_parent_template)
-	$(QUIET_LINT_GITLINK)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl \
-		$< \
-		$(HOWTO_TXT) $(DOC_DEP_TXT) \
-		--section=1 $(MAN1_TXT) \
-		--section=5 $(MAN5_TXT) \
-		--section=7 $(MAN7_TXT) >$@
-.PHONY: lint-docs-gitlink
-lint-docs-gitlink: $(LINT_DOCS_GITLINK)
-
-## Lint: man-end-blurb
-LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT))
-$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): lint-man-end-blurb.perl
-$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_END_BLURB): .build/lint-docs/man-end-blurb/%.ok: %.txt
-	$(call mkdir_p_parent_template)
-	$(QUIET_LINT_MANEND)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-end-blurb.perl $< >$@
-.PHONY: lint-docs-man-end-blurb
-
-## Lint: man-section-order
-LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER = $(patsubst %.txt,.build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok,$(MAN_TXT))
-$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): lint-man-section-order.perl
-$(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER): .build/lint-docs/man-section-order/%.ok: %.txt
-	$(call mkdir_p_parent_template)
-	$(QUIET_LINT_MANSEC)$(PERL_PATH) lint-man-section-order.perl $< >$@
-.PHONY: lint-docs-man-section-order
-lint-docs-man-section-order: $(LINT_DOCS_MAN_SECTION_ORDER)
-
-## Lint: list of targets above
-.PHONY: lint-docs
-lint-docs: lint-docs-gitlink
-lint-docs: lint-docs-man-end-blurb
-lint-docs: lint-docs-man-section-order
+lint-docs::
+	$(QUIET_LINT)$(PERL_PATH) lint-gitlink.perl
 
 ifeq ($(wildcard po/Makefile),po/Makefile)
 doc-l10n install-l10n::

Documentation/MyFirstContribution.txt

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Veteran contributors who are especially interested in helping mentor newcomers
 are present on the list. In order to avoid search indexers, group membership is
 required to view messages; anyone can join and no approval is required.
 
-==== https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Libera Chat
+==== https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] on Freenode
 
 This IRC channel is for conversations between Git contributors. If someone is
 currently online and knows the answer to your question, you can receive help
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ mention the right animal somewhere:
 ----
 test_expect_success 'runs correctly with no args and good output' '
 	git psuh >actual &&
-	grep Pony actual
+	test_i18ngrep Pony actual
 '
 ----
 
@@ -710,104 +710,13 @@ dependencies. `prove` also makes the output nicer.
 Go ahead and commit this change, as well.
 
 [[ready-to-share]]
-== Getting Ready to Share: Anatomy of a Patch Series
+== Getting Ready to Share
 
 You may have noticed already that the Git project performs its code reviews via
 emailed patches, which are then applied by the maintainer when they are ready
-and approved by the community. The Git project does not accept contributions from
+and approved by the community. The Git project does not accept patches from
 pull requests, and the patches emailed for review need to be formatted a
-specific way.
-
-:patch-series: https://lore.kernel.org/git/pull.1218.git.git.1645209647.gitgitgadget@gmail.com/
-:lore: https://lore.kernel.org/git/
-
-Before taking a look at how to convert your commits into emailed patches,
-let's analyze what the end result, a "patch series", looks like. Here is an
-{patch-series}[example] of the summary view for a patch series on the web interface of
-the {lore}[Git mailing list archive]:
-
-----
-2022-02-18 18:40 [PATCH 0/3] libify reflog John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-18 18:40 ` [PATCH 1/3] reflog: libify delete reflog function and helpers John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-18 19:10   ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason [this message]
-2022-02-18 19:39     ` Taylor Blau
-2022-02-18 19:48       ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-18 19:35   ` Taylor Blau
-2022-02-21  1:43     ` John Cai
-2022-02-21  1:50       ` Taylor Blau
-2022-02-23 19:50         ` John Cai
-2022-02-18 20:00   ` // other replies ellided
-2022-02-18 18:40 ` [PATCH 2/3] reflog: call reflog_delete from reflog.c John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-18 19:15   ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-18 20:26     ` Junio C Hamano
-2022-02-18 18:40 ` [PATCH 3/3] stash: call reflog_delete from reflog.c John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-18 19:20   ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-19  0:21     ` Taylor Blau
-2022-02-22  2:36     ` John Cai
-2022-02-22 10:51       ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-18 19:29 ` [PATCH 0/3] libify reflog Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-22 18:30 ` [PATCH v2 0/3] libify reflog John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-22 18:30   ` [PATCH v2 1/3] stash: add test to ensure reflog --rewrite --updatref behavior John Cai via GitGitGadget
-2022-02-23  8:54     ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
-2022-02-23 21:27       ` Junio C Hamano
-// continued
-----
-
-We can note a few things:
-
-- Each commit is sent as a separate email, with the commit message title as
-  subject, prefixed with "[PATCH _i_/_n_]" for the _i_-th commit of an
-  _n_-commit series.
-- Each patch is sent as a reply to an introductory email called the _cover
-  letter_ of the series, prefixed "[PATCH 0/_n_]".
-- Subsequent iterations of the patch series are labelled "PATCH v2", "PATCH
-  v3", etc. in place of "PATCH". For example, "[PATCH v2 1/3]" would be the first of
-  three patches in the second iteration. Each iteration is sent with a new cover
-  letter (like "[PATCH v2 0/3]" above), itself a reply to the cover letter of the
-  previous iteration (more on that below).
-
-NOTE: A single-patch topic is sent with "[PATCH]", "[PATCH v2]", etc. without
-_i_/_n_ numbering (in the above thread overview, no single-patch topic appears,
-though).
-
-[[cover-letter]]
-=== The cover letter
-
-In addition to an email per patch, the Git community also expects your patches
-to come with a cover letter. This is an important component of change
-submission as it explains to the community from a high level what you're trying
-to do, and why, in a way that's more apparent than just looking at your
-patches.
-
-The title of your cover letter should be something which succinctly covers the
-purpose of your entire topic branch. It's often in the imperative mood, just
-like our commit message titles. Here is how we'll title our series:
-
----
-Add the 'psuh' command
----
-
-The body of the cover letter is used to give additional context to reviewers.
-Be sure to explain anything your patches don't make clear on their own, but
-remember that since the cover letter is not recorded in the commit history,
-anything that might be useful to future readers of the repository's history
-should also be in your commit messages.
-
-Here's an example body for `psuh`:
-
-----
-Our internal metrics indicate widespread interest in the command
-git-psuh - that is, many users are trying to use it, but finding it is
-unavailable, using some unknown workaround instead.
-
-The following handful of patches add the psuh command and implement some
-handy features on top of it.
-
-This patchset is part of the MyFirstContribution tutorial and should not
-be merged.
-----
-
-At this point the tutorial diverges, in order to demonstrate two
+specific way. At this point the tutorial diverges, in order to demonstrate two
 different methods of formatting your patchset and getting it reviewed.
 
 The first method to be covered is GitGitGadget, which is useful for those
@@ -899,22 +808,8 @@ https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git and open a PR either with the "New pull
 request" button or the convenient "Compare & pull request" button that may
 appear with the name of your newly pushed branch.
 
-Review the PR's title and description, as they're used by GitGitGadget
-respectively as the subject and body of the cover letter for your change. Refer
-to <<cover-letter,"The cover letter">> above for advice on how to title your
-submission and what content to include in the description.
-
-NOTE: For single-patch contributions, your commit message should already be
-meaningful and explain at a high level the purpose (what is happening and why)
-of your patch, so you usually do not need any additional context. In that case,
-remove the PR description that GitHub automatically generates from your commit
-message (your PR description should be empty). If you do need to supply even
-more context, you can do so in that space and it will be appended to the email
-that GitGitGadget will send, between the three-dash line and the diffstat
-(see <<single-patch,Bonus Chapter: One-Patch Changes>> for how this looks once
-submitted).
-
-When you're happy, submit your pull request.
+Review the PR's title and description, as it's used by GitGitGadget as the cover
+letter for your change. When you're happy, submit your pull request.
 
 [[run-ci-ggg]]
 === Running CI and Getting Ready to Send
@@ -932,7 +827,7 @@ either examining recent pull requests where someone has been granted `/allow`
 (https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/pulls?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=is%3Apr+is%3Aopen+%22%2Fallow%22[Search:
 is:pr is:open "/allow"]), in which case both the author and the person who
 granted the `/allow` can now `/allow` you, or by inquiring on the
-https://web.libera.chat/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Libera Chat
+https://webchat.freenode.net/#git-devel[#git-devel] IRC channel on Freenode
 linking your pull request and asking for someone to `/allow` you.
 
 If the CI fails, you can update your changes with `git rebase -i` and push your
@@ -1010,34 +905,19 @@ Sending emails with Git is a two-part process; before you can prepare the emails
 themselves, you'll need to prepare the patches. Luckily, this is pretty simple:
 
 ----
-$ git format-patch --cover-letter -o psuh/ --base=auto psuh@{u}..psuh
+$ git format-patch --cover-letter -o psuh/ master..psuh
 ----
 
- . The `--cover-letter` option tells `format-patch` to create a
-   cover letter template for you. You will need to fill in the
-   template before you're ready to send - but for now, the template
-   will be next to your other patches.
+The `--cover-letter` parameter tells `format-patch` to create a cover letter
+template for you. You will need to fill in the template before you're ready
+to send - but for now, the template will be next to your other patches.
 
- . The `-o psuh/` option tells `format-patch` to place the patch
-   files into a directory. This is useful because `git send-email`
-   can take a directory and send out all the patches from there.
+The `-o psuh/` parameter tells `format-patch` to place the patch files into a
+directory. This is useful because `git send-email` can take a directory and
+send out all the patches from there.
 
- . The `--base=auto` option tells the command to record the "base
-   commit", on which the recipient is expected to apply the patch
-   series.  The `auto` value will cause `format-patch` to compute
-   the base commit automatically, which is the merge base of tip
-   commit of the remote-tracking branch and the specified revision
-   range.
-
- . The `psuh@{u}..psuh` option tells `format-patch` to generate
-   patches for the commits you created on the `psuh` branch since it
-   forked from its upstream (which is `origin/master` if you
-   followed the example in the "Set up your workspace" section).  If
-   you are already on the `psuh` branch, you can just say `@{u}`,
-   which means "commits on the current branch since it forked from
-   its upstream", which is the same thing.
-
-The command will make one patch file per commit. After you
+`master..psuh` tells `format-patch` to generate patches for the difference
+between `master` and `psuh`. It will make one patch file per commit. After you
 run, you can go have a look at each of the patches with your favorite text
 editor and make sure everything looks alright; however, it's not recommended to
 make code fixups via the patch file. It's a better idea to make the change the
@@ -1057,29 +937,49 @@ but want reviewers to look at what they have so far. You can add this flag with
 Check and make sure that your patches and cover letter template exist in the
 directory you specified - you're nearly ready to send out your review!
 
-[[preparing-cover-letter]]
+[[cover-letter]]
 === Preparing Email
 
-Since you invoked `format-patch` with `--cover-letter`, you've already got a
-cover letter template ready. Open it up in your favorite editor.
+In addition to an email per patch, the Git community also expects your patches
+to come with a cover letter, typically with a subject line [PATCH 0/x] (where
+x is the number of patches you're sending). Since you invoked `format-patch`
+with `--cover-letter`, you've already got a template ready. Open it up in your
+favorite editor.
 
 You should see a number of headers present already. Check that your `From:`
-header is correct. Then modify your `Subject:` (see <<cover-letter,above>> for
-how to choose good title for your patch series):
+header is correct. Then modify your `Subject:` to something which succinctly
+covers the purpose of your entire topic branch, for example:
 
 ----
-Subject: [PATCH 0/7] Add the 'psuh' command
+Subject: [PATCH 0/7] adding the 'psuh' command
 ----
 
 Make sure you retain the ``[PATCH 0/X]'' part; that's what indicates to the Git
-community that this email is the beginning of a patch series, and many
-reviewers filter their email for this type of flag.
+community that this email is the beginning of a review, and many reviewers
+filter their email for this type of flag.
 
 You'll need to add some extra parameters when you invoke `git send-email` to add
 the cover letter.
 
-Next you'll have to fill out the body of your cover letter. Again, see
-<<cover-letter,above>> for what content to include.
+Next you'll have to fill out the body of your cover letter. This is an important
+component of change submission as it explains to the community from a high level
+what you're trying to do, and why, in a way that's more apparent than just
+looking at your diff. Be sure to explain anything your diff doesn't make clear
+on its own.
+
+Here's an example body for `psuh`:
+
+----
+Our internal metrics indicate widespread interest in the command
+git-psuh - that is, many users are trying to use it, but finding it is
+unavailable, using some unknown workaround instead.
+
+The following handful of patches add the psuh command and implement some
+handy features on top of it.
+
+This patchset is part of the MyFirstContribution tutorial and should not
+be merged.
+----
 
 The template created by `git format-patch --cover-letter` includes a diffstat.
 This gives reviewers a summary of what they're in for when reviewing your topic.
@@ -1129,42 +1029,22 @@ kidding - be patient!)
 [[v2-git-send-email]]
 === Sending v2
 
-This section will focus on how to send a v2 of your patchset. To learn what
-should go into v2, skip ahead to <<reviewing,Responding to Reviews>> for
-information on how to handle comments from reviewers.
+Skip ahead to <<reviewing,Responding to Reviews>> for information on how to
+handle comments from reviewers. Continue this section when your topic branch is
+shaped the way you want it to look for your patchset v2.
 
-We'll reuse our `psuh` topic branch for v2. Before we make any changes, we'll
-mark the tip of our v1 branch for easy reference:
+When you're ready with the next iteration of your patch, the process is fairly
+similar.
+
+First, generate your v2 patches again:
 
 ----
-$ git checkout psuh
-$ git branch psuh-v1
+$ git format-patch -v2 --cover-letter -o psuh/ master..psuh
 ----
 
-Refine your patch series by using `git rebase -i` to adjust commits based upon
-reviewer comments. Once the patch series is ready for submission, generate your
-patches again, but with some new flags:
-
-----
-$ git format-patch -v2 --cover-letter -o psuh/ --range-diff master..psuh-v1 master..
-----
-
-The `--range-diff master..psuh-v1` parameter tells `format-patch` to include a
-range-diff between `psuh-v1` and `psuh` in the cover letter (see
-linkgit:git-range-diff[1]). This helps tell reviewers about the differences
-between your v1 and v2 patches.
-
-The `-v2` parameter tells `format-patch` to output your patches
-as version "2". For instance, you may notice that your v2 patches are
-all named like `v2-000n-my-commit-subject.patch`. `-v2` will also format
-your patches by prefixing them with "[PATCH v2]" instead of "[PATCH]",
-and your range-diff will be prefaced with "Range-diff against v1".
-
-Afer you run this command, `format-patch` will output the patches to the `psuh/`
-directory, alongside the v1 patches. Using a single directory makes it easy to
-refer to the old v1 patches while proofreading the v2 patches, but you will need
-to be careful to send out only the v2 patches. We will use a pattern like
-"psuh/v2-*.patch" (not "psuh/*.patch", which would match v1 and v2 patches).
+This will add your v2 patches, all named like `v2-000n-my-commit-subject.patch`,
+to the `psuh/` directory. You may notice that they are sitting alongside the v1
+patches; that's fine, but be careful when you are ready to send them.
 
 Edit your cover letter again. Now is a good time to mention what's different
 between your last version and now, if it's something significant. You do not
@@ -1202,7 +1082,7 @@ to the command:
 ----
 $ git send-email --to=target@example.com
 		 --in-reply-to="<foo.12345.author@example.com>"
-		 psuh/v2-*.patch
+		 psuh/v2*
 ----
 
 [[single-patch]]

Documentation/MyFirstObjectWalk.txt

@@ -58,19 +58,14 @@ running, enable trace output by setting the environment variable `GIT_TRACE`.
 
 Add usage text and `-h` handling, like all subcommands should consistently do
 (our test suite will notice and complain if you fail to do so).
-We'll need to include the `parse-options.h` header.
 
 ----
-#include "parse-options.h"
-
-...
-
 int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char * const walken_usage[] = {
 		N_("git walken"),
 		NULL,
-	};
+	}
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -200,14 +195,9 @@ Similarly to the default values, we don't have anything to do here yet
 ourselves; however, we should call `git_default_config()` if we aren't calling
 any other existing config callbacks.
 
-Add a new function to `builtin/walken.c`.
-We'll also need to include the `config.h` header:
+Add a new function to `builtin/walken.c`:
 
 ----
-#include "config.h"
-
-...
-
 static int git_walken_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	/*
@@ -239,14 +229,8 @@ typically done by calling `repo_init_revisions()` with the repository you intend
 to target, as well as the `prefix` argument of `cmd_walken` and your `rev_info`
 struct.
 
-Add the `struct rev_info` and the `repo_init_revisions()` call.
-We'll also need to include the `revision.h` header:
-
+Add the `struct rev_info` and the `repo_init_revisions()` call:
 ----
-#include "revision.h"
-
-...
-
 int cmd_walken(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	/* This can go wherever you like in your declarations.*/
@@ -522,25 +506,24 @@ function shows that the all-object walk is being performed by
 `traverse_commit_list()` or `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`. Those two
 functions reside in `list-objects.c`; examining the source shows that, despite
 the name, these functions traverse all kinds of objects. Let's have a look at
-the arguments to `traverse_commit_list()`.
+the arguments to `traverse_commit_list_filtered()`, which are a superset of the
+arguments to the unfiltered version.
 
-- `struct rev_info *revs`: This is the `rev_info` used for the walk. If
-  its `filter` member is not `NULL`, then `filter` contains information for
-  how to filter the object list.
+- `struct list_objects_filter_options *filter_options`: This is a struct which
+  stores a filter-spec as outlined in `Documentation/rev-list-options.txt`.
+- `struct rev_info *revs`: This is the `rev_info` used for the walk.
 - `show_commit_fn show_commit`: A callback which will be used to handle each
   individual commit object.
 - `show_object_fn show_object`: A callback which will be used to handle each
   non-commit object (so each blob, tree, or tag).
 - `void *show_data`: A context buffer which is passed in turn to `show_commit`
   and `show_object`.
-
-In addition, `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` has an additional paramter:
-
 - `struct oidset *omitted`: A linked-list of object IDs which the provided
   filter caused to be omitted.
 
-It looks like these methods use callbacks we provide instead of needing us
-to call it repeatedly ourselves. Cool! Let's add the callbacks first.
+It looks like this `traverse_commit_list_filtered()` uses callbacks we provide
+instead of needing us to call it repeatedly ourselves. Cool! Let's add the
+callbacks first.
 
 For the sake of this tutorial, we'll simply keep track of how many of each kind
 of object we find. At file scope in `builtin/walken.c` add the following
@@ -641,14 +624,9 @@ static void walken_object_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
 ----
 
 Let's start by calling just the unfiltered walk and reporting our counts.
-Complete your implementation of `walken_object_walk()`.
-We'll also need to include the `list-objects.h` header.
+Complete your implementation of `walken_object_walk()`:
 
 ----
-#include "list-objects.h"
-
-...
-
 	traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL);
 
 	printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees %d\n", commit_count,
@@ -713,9 +691,20 @@ help understand. In our case, that means we omit trees and blobs not directly
 referenced by `HEAD` or `HEAD`'s history, because we begin the walk with only
 `HEAD` in the `pending` list.)
 
+First, we'll need to `#include "list-objects-filter-options.h`" and set up the
+`struct list_objects_filter_options` at the top of the function.
+
+----
+static void walken_object_walk(struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	struct list_objects_filter_options filter_options = {};
+
+	...
+----
+
 For now, we are not going to track the omitted objects, so we'll replace those
 parameters with `NULL`. For the sake of simplicity, we'll add a simple
-build-time branch to use our filter or not. Preface the line calling
+build-time branch to use our filter or not. Replace the line calling
 `traverse_commit_list()` with the following, which will remind us which kind of
 walk we've just performed:
 
@@ -723,17 +712,19 @@ walk we've just performed:
 	if (0) {
 		/* Unfiltered: */
 		trace_printf(_("Unfiltered object walk.\n"));
+		traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit,
+				walken_show_object, NULL);
 	} else {
 		trace_printf(
 			_("Filtered object walk with filterspec 'tree:1'.\n"));
-		CALLOC_ARRAY(rev->filter, 1);
-		parse_list_objects_filter(rev->filter, "tree:1");
+		parse_list_objects_filter(&filter_options, "tree:1");
+
+		traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev,
+			walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, NULL);
 	}
-	traverse_commit_list(rev, walken_show_commit,
-			     walken_show_object, NULL);
 ----
 
-The `rev->filter` member is usually built directly from a command
+`struct list_objects_filter_options` is usually built directly from a command
 line argument, so the module provides an easy way to build one from a string.
 Even though we aren't taking user input right now, we can still build one with
 a hardcoded string using `parse_list_objects_filter()`.
@@ -772,7 +763,7 @@ object:
 ----
 	...
 
-		traverse_commit_list_filtered(rev,
+		traverse_commit_list_filtered(&filter_options, rev,
 			walken_show_commit, walken_show_object, NULL, &omitted);
 
 	...
@@ -788,7 +779,7 @@ Count all the objects within and modify the print statement:
 	while ((oid = oidset_iter_next(&oit)))
 		omitted_count++;
 
-	printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees %d\nomitted %d\n",
+	printf("commits %d\nblobs %d\ntags %d\ntrees%d\nomitted %d\n",
 		commit_count, blob_count, tag_count, tree_count, omitted_count);
 ----
 

Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.3.txt

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Fixes since v1.6.0.2
   if the working tree is currently dirty.
 
 * "git for-each-ref --format=%(subject)" fixed for commits with no
-  newline in the message body.
+  no newline in the message body.
 
 * "git remote" fixed to protect printf from user input.
 

Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.4.txt

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ details).
    (merge 2fbd4f9 mh/maint-lockfile-overflow later to maint).
 
  * Invocations of "git checkout" used internally by "git rebase" were
-   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -", which took
+   counted as "checkout", and affected later "git checkout -" to the
    the user to an unexpected place.
    (merge 3bed291 rr/rebase-checkout-reflog later to maint).
 

Documentation/RelNotes/2.29.0.txt

@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
    the ref backend in use, as its format is much richer than the
    normal refs, and written directly by "git fetch" as a plain file..
 
- * An unused binary has been discarded, and a bunch of commands
-   have been turned into built-in.
+ * An unused binary has been discarded, and and a bunch of commands
+   have been turned into into built-in.
 
  * A handful of places in in-tree code still relied on being able to
    execute the git subcommands, especially built-ins, in "git-foo"

Documentation/RelNotes/2.30.5.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v2.30.5 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+This release contains minor fix-ups for the changes that went into
+Git 2.30.3 and 2.30.4, addressing CVE-2022-29187.
+
+ * The safety check that verifies a safe ownership of the Git
+   worktree is now extended to also cover the ownership of the Git
+   directory (and the `.git` file, if there is any).
+
+Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón (1):
+      setup: tighten ownership checks post CVE-2022-24765

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.0.txt

@@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.31 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since v2.30
--------------------
-
-Backward incompatible and other important changes
-
- * The "pack-redundant" command, which has been left stale with almost
-   unusable performance issues, now warns loudly when it gets used, as
-   we no longer want to recommend its use (instead just "repack -d"
-   instead).
-
- * The development community has adopted Contributor Covenant v2.0 to
-   update from v1.4 that we have been using.
-
- * The support for deprecated PCRE1 library has been dropped.
-
- * Fixes for CVE-2021-21300 in Git 2.30.2 (and earlier) is included.
-
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * The "--format=%(trailers)" mechanism gets enhanced to make it
-   easier to design output for machine consumption.
-
- * When a user does not tell "git pull" to use rebase or merge, the
-   command gives a loud message telling a user to choose between
-   rebase or merge but creates a merge anyway, forcing users who would
-   want to rebase to redo the operation.  Fix an early part of this
-   problem by tightening the condition to give the message---there is
-   no reason to stop or force the user to choose between rebase or
-   merge if the history fast-forwards.
-
- * The configuration variable 'core.abbrev' can be set to 'no' to
-   force no abbreviation regardless of the hash algorithm.
-
- * "git rev-parse" can be explicitly told to give output as absolute
-   or relative path with the `--path-format=(absolute|relative)` option.
-
- * Bash completion (in contrib/) update to make it easier for
-   end-users to add completion for their custom "git" subcommands.
-
- * "git maintenance" learned to drive scheduled maintenance on
-   platforms whose native scheduling methods are not 'cron'.
-
- * After expiring a reflog and making a single commit, the reflog for
-   the branch would record a single entry that knows both @{0} and
-   @{1}, but we failed to answer "what commit were we on?", i.e. @{1}
-
- * "git bundle" learns "--stdin" option to read its refs from the
-   standard input.  Also, it now does not lose refs whey they point
-   at the same object.
-
- * "git log" learned a new "--diff-merges=<how>" option.
-
- * "git ls-files" can and does show multiple entries when the index is
-   unmerged, which is a source for confusion unless -s/-u option is in
-   use.  A new option --deduplicate has been introduced.
-
- * `git worktree list` now annotates worktrees as prunable, shows
-   locked and prunable attributes in --porcelain mode, and gained
-   a --verbose option.
-
- * "git clone" tries to locally check out the branch pointed at by
-   HEAD of the remote repository after it is done, but the protocol
-   did not convey the information necessary to do so when copying an
-   empty repository.  The protocol v2 learned how to do so.
-
- * There are other ways than ".." for a single token to denote a
-   "commit range", namely "<rev>^!" and "<rev>^-<n>", but "git
-   range-diff" did not understand them.
-
- * The "git range-diff" command learned "--(left|right)-only" option
-   to show only one side of the compared range.
-
- * "git mergetool" feeds three versions (base, local and remote) of
-   a conflicted path unmodified.  The command learned to optionally
-   prepare these files with unconflicted parts already resolved.
-
- * The .mailmap is documented to be read only from the root level of a
-   working tree, but a stray file in a bare repository also was read
-   by accident, which has been corrected.
-
- * "git maintenance" tool learned a new "pack-refs" maintenance task.
-
- * The error message given when a configuration variable that is
-   expected to have a boolean value has been improved.
-
- * Signed commits and tags now allow verification of objects, whose
-   two object names (one in SHA-1, the other in SHA-256) are both
-   signed.
-
- * "git rev-list" command learned "--disk-usage" option.
-
- * "git {diff,log} --{skip,rotate}-to=<path>" allows the user to
-   discard diff output for early paths or move them to the end of the
-   output.
-
- * "git difftool" learned "--skip-to=<path>" option to restart an
-   interrupted session from an arbitrary path.
-
- * "git grep" has been tweaked to be limited to the sparse checkout
-   paths.
-
- * "git rebase --[no-]fork-point" gained a configuration variable
-   rebase.forkPoint so that users do not have to keep specifying a
-   non-default setting.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * A 3-year old test that was not testing anything useful has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Retire more names with "sha1" in it.
-
- * The topological walk codepath is covered by new trace2 stats.
-
- * Update the Code-of-conduct to version 2.0 from the upstream (we've
-   been using version 1.4).
-
- * "git mktag" validates its input using its own rules before writing
-   a tag object---it has been updated to share the logic with "git
-   fsck".
-
- * Two new ways to feed configuration variable-value pairs via
-   environment variables have been introduced, and the way
-   GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS encodes variable/value pairs has been tweaked
-   to make it more robust.
-
- * Tests have been updated so that they do not to get affected by the
-   name of the default branch "git init" creates.
-
- * "git fetch" learns to treat ref updates atomically in all-or-none
-   fashion, just like "git push" does, with the new "--atomic" option.
-
- * The peel_ref() API has been replaced with peel_iterated_oid().
-
- * The .use_shell flag in struct child_process that is passed to
-   run_command() API has been clarified with a bit more documentation.
-
- * Document, clean-up and optimize the code around the cache-tree
-   extension in the index.
-
- * The ls-refs protocol operation has been optimized to narrow the
-   sub-hierarchy of refs/ it walks to produce response.
-
- * When removing many branches and tags, the code used to do so one
-   ref at a time.  There is another API it can use to delete multiple
-   refs, and it makes quite a lot of performance difference when the
-   refs are packed.
-
- * The "pack-objects" command needs to iterate over all the tags when
-   automatic tag following is enabled, but it actually iterated over
-   all refs and then discarded everything outside "refs/tags/"
-   hierarchy, which was quite wasteful.
-
- * A perf script was made more portable.
-
- * Our setting of GitHub CI test jobs were a bit too eager to give up
-   once there is even one failure found.  Tweak the knob to allow
-   other jobs keep running even when we see a failure, so that we can
-   find more failures in a single run.
-
- * We've carried compatibility codepaths for compilers without
-   variadic macros for quite some time, but the world may be ready for
-   them to be removed.  Force compilation failure on exotic platforms
-   where variadic macros are not available to find out who screams in
-   such a way that we can easily revert if it turns out that the world
-   is not yet ready.
-
- * Code clean-up to ensure our use of hashtables using object names as
-   keys use the "struct object_id" objects, not the raw hash values.
-
- * Lose the debugging aid that may have been useful in the past, but
-   no longer is, in the "grep" codepaths.
-
- * Some pretty-format specifiers do not need the data in commit object
-   (e.g. "%H"), but we were over-eager to load and parse it, which has
-   been made even lazier.
-
- * Get rid of "GETTEXT_POISON" support altogether, which may or may
-   not be controversial.
-
- * Introduce an on-disk file to record revindex for packdata, which
-   traditionally was always created on the fly and only in-core.
-
- * The commit-graph learned to use corrected commit dates instead of
-   the generation number to help topological revision traversal.
-
- * Piecemeal of rewrite of "git bisect" in C continues.
-
- * When a pager spawned by us exited, the trace log did not record its
-   exit status correctly, which has been corrected.
-
- * Removal of GIT_TEST_GETTEXT_POISON continues.
-
- * The code to implement "git merge-base --independent" was poorly
-   done and was kept from the very beginning of the feature.
-
- * Preliminary changes to fsmonitor integration.
-
- * Performance improvements for rename detection.
-
- * The common code to deal with "chunked file format" that is shared
-   by the multi-pack-index and commit-graph files have been factored
-   out, to help codepaths for both filetypes to become more robust.
-
- * The approach to "fsck" the incoming objects in "index-pack" is
-   attractive for performance reasons (we have them already in core,
-   inflated and ready to be inspected), but fundamentally cannot be
-   applied fully when we receive more than one pack stream, as a tree
-   object in one pack may refer to a blob object in another pack as
-   ".gitmodules", when we want to inspect blobs that are used as
-   ".gitmodules" file, for example.  Teach "index-pack" to emit
-   objects that must be inspected later and check them in the calling
-   "fetch-pack" process.
-
- * The logic to handle "trailer" related placeholders in the
-   "--format=" mechanisms in the "log" family and "for-each-ref"
-   family is getting unified.
-
- * Raise the buffer size used when writing the index file out from
-   (obviously too small) 8kB to (clearly sufficiently large) 128kB.
-
- * It is reported that open() on some platforms (e.g. macOS Big Sur)
-   can return EINTR even though our timers are set up with SA_RESTART.
-   A workaround has been implemented and enabled for macOS to rerun
-   open() transparently from the caller when this happens.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.30
------------------
-
- * Diagnose command line error of "git rebase" early.
-
- * Clean up option descriptions in "git cmd --help".
-
- * "git stash" did not work well in a sparsely checked out working
-   tree.
-
- * Some tests expect that "ls -l" output has either '-' or 'x' for
-   group executable bit, but setgid bit can be inherited from parent
-   directory and make these fields 'S' or 's' instead, causing test
-   failures.
-
- * "git for-each-repo --config=<var> <cmd>" should not run <cmd> for
-   any repository when the configuration variable <var> is not defined
-   even once.
-
- * Fix 2.29 regression where "git mergetool --tool-help" fails to list
-   all the available tools.
-
- * Fix for procedure to building CI test environment for mac.
-
- * The implementation of "git branch --sort" wrt the detached HEAD
-   display has always been hacky, which has been cleaned up.
-
- * Newline characters in the host and path part of git:// URL are
-   now forbidden.
-
- * "git diff" showed a submodule working tree with untracked cruft as
-   "Submodule commit <objectname>-dirty", but a natural expectation is
-   that the "-dirty" indicator would align with "git describe --dirty",
-   which does not consider having untracked files in the working tree
-   as source of dirtiness.  The inconsistency has been fixed.
-
- * When more than one commit with the same patch ID appears on one
-   side, "git log --cherry-pick A...B" did not exclude them all when a
-   commit with the same patch ID appears on the other side.  Now it
-   does.
-
- * Documentation for "git fsck" lost stale bits that has become
-   incorrect.
-
- * Doc fix for packfile URI feature.
-
- * When "git rebase -i" processes "fixup" insn, there is no reason to
-   clean up the commit log message, but we did the usual stripspace
-   processing.  This has been corrected.
-   (merge f7d42ceec5 js/rebase-i-commit-cleanup-fix later to maint).
-
- * Fix in passing custom args from "git clone" to "upload-pack" on the
-   other side.
-   (merge ad6b5fefbd jv/upload-pack-filter-spec-quotefix later to maint).
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) completed "git branch -d"
-   with branch names, but "git branch -D" offered tagnames in addition,
-   which has been corrected.  "git branch -M" had the same problem.
-   (merge 27dc071b9a jk/complete-branch-force-delete later to maint).
-
- * When commands are started from a subdirectory, they may have to
-   compare the path to the subdirectory (called prefix and found out
-   from $(pwd)) with the tracked paths.  On macOS, $(pwd) and
-   readdir() yield decomposed path, while the tracked paths are
-   usually normalized to the precomposed form, causing mismatch.  This
-   has been fixed by taking the same approach used to normalize the
-   command line arguments.
-   (merge 5c327502db tb/precompose-prefix-too later to maint).
-
- * Even though invocations of "die()" were logged to the trace2
-   system, "BUG()"s were not, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 0a9dde4a04 jt/trace2-BUG later to maint).
-
- * "git grep --untracked" is meant to be "let's ALSO find in these
-   files on the filesystem" when looking for matches in the working
-   tree files, and does not make any sense if the primary search is
-   done against the index, or the tree objects.  The "--cached" and
-   "--untracked" options have been marked as mutually incompatible.
-   (merge 0c5d83b248 mt/grep-cached-untracked later to maint).
-
- * Fix "git fsck --name-objects" which apparently has not been used by
-   anybody who is motivated enough to report breakage.
-   (merge e89f89361c js/fsck-name-objects-fix later to maint).
-
- * Avoid individual tests in t5411 from getting affected by each other
-   by forcing them to use separate output files during the test.
-   (merge 822ee894f6 jx/t5411-unique-filenames later to maint).
-
- * Test to make sure "git rev-parse one-thing one-thing" gives
-   the same thing twice (when one-thing is --since=X).
-   (merge a5cdca4520 ew/rev-parse-since-test later to maint).
-
- * When certain features (e.g. grafts) used in the repository are
-   incompatible with the use of the commit-graph, we used to silently
-   turned commit-graph off; we now tell the user what we are doing.
-   (merge c85eec7fc3 js/commit-graph-warning later to maint).
-
- * Objects that lost references can be pruned away, even when they
-   have notes attached to it (and these notes will become dangling,
-   which in turn can be pruned with "git notes prune").  This has been
-   clarified in the documentation.
-   (merge fa9ab027ba mz/doc-notes-are-not-anchors later to maint).
-
- * The error codepath around the "--temp/--prefix" feature of "git
-   checkout-index" has been improved.
-   (merge 3f7ba60350 mt/checkout-index-corner-cases later to maint).
-
- * The "git maintenance register" command had trouble registering bare
-   repositories, which had been corrected.
-
- * A handful of multi-word configuration variable names in
-   documentation that are spelled in all lowercase have been corrected
-   to use the more canonical camelCase.
-   (merge 7dd0eaa39c dl/doc-config-camelcase later to maint).
-
- * "git push $there --delete ''" should have been diagnosed as an
-   error, but instead turned into a matching push, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 20e416409f jc/push-delete-nothing later to maint).
-
- * Test script modernization.
-   (merge 488acf15df sv/t7001-modernize later to maint).
-
- * An under-allocation for the untracked cache data has been corrected.
-   (merge 6347d649bc jh/untracked-cache-fix later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge e3f5da7e60 sg/t7800-difftool-robustify later to maint).
-   (merge 9d336655ba js/doc-proto-v2-response-end later to maint).
-   (merge 1b5b8cf072 jc/maint-column-doc-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 3a837b58e3 cw/pack-config-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 01168a9d89 ug/doc-commit-approxidate later to maint).
-   (merge b865734760 js/params-vs-args later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.1.txt

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.31.1 Release Notes
-========================
-
-Fixes since v2.31
------------------
-
- * The fsmonitor interface read from its input without making sure
-   there is something to read from.  This bug is new in 2.31
-   timeframe.
-
- * The data structure used by fsmonitor interface was not properly
-   duplicated during an in-core merge, leading to use-after-free etc.
-
- * "git bisect" reimplemented more in C during 2.30 timeframe did not
-   take an annotated tag as a good/bad endpoint well.  This regression
-   has been corrected.
-
- * Fix macros that can silently inject unintended null-statements.
-
- * CALLOC_ARRAY() macro replaces many uses of xcalloc().
-
- * Update insn in Makefile comments to run fuzz-all target.
-
- * Fix a corner case bug in "git mv" on case insensitive systems,
-   which was introduced in 2.29 timeframe.
-
-Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.2.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.31.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3 to address
-the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see the release notes for that
-version for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.3.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.31.3.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.31.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.0.txt

@@ -1,416 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.32 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Backward compatibility notes
-----------------------------
-
- * ".gitattributes", ".gitignore", and ".mailmap" files that are
-   symbolic links are ignored.
-
- * "git apply --3way" used to first attempt a straight application,
-   and only fell back to the 3-way merge algorithm when the stright
-   application failed.  Starting with this version, the command will
-   first try the 3-way merge algorithm and only when it fails (either
-   resulting with conflict or the base versions of blobs are missing),
-   falls back to the usual patch application.
-
-
-Updates since v2.31
--------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * It does not make sense to make ".gitattributes", ".gitignore" and
-   ".mailmap" symlinks, as they are supposed to be usable from the
-   object store (think: bare repositories where HEAD:.mailmap etc. are
-   used).  When these files are symbolic links, we used to read the
-   contents of the files pointed by them by mistake, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git stash show" learned to optionally show untracked part of the
-   stash.
-
- * "git log --format='...'" learned "%(describe)" placeholder.
-
- * "git repack" so far has been only capable of repacking everything
-   under the sun into a single pack (or split by size).  A cleverer
-   strategy to reduce the cost of repacking a repository has been
-   introduced.
-
- * The http codepath learned to let the credential layer to cache the
-   password used to unlock a certificate that has successfully been
-   used.
-
- * "git commit --fixup=<commit>", which was to tweak the changes made
-   to the contents while keeping the original log message intact,
-   learned "--fixup=(amend|reword):<commit>", that can be used to
-   tweak both the message and the contents, and only the message,
-   respectively.
-
- * "git send-email" learned to honor the core.hooksPath configuration.
-
- * "git format-patch -v<n>" learned to allow a reroll count that is
-   not an integer.
-
- * "git commit" learned "--trailer <key>[=<value>]" option; together
-   with the interpret-trailers command, this will make it easier to
-   support custom trailers.
-
- * "git clone --reject-shallow" option fails the clone as soon as we
-   notice that we are cloning from a shallow repository.
-
- * A configuration variable has been added to force tips of certain
-   refs to be given a reachability bitmap.
-
- * "gitweb" learned "e-mail privacy" feature to redact strings that
-   look like e-mail addresses on various pages.
-
- * "git apply --3way" has always been "to fall back to 3-way merge
-   only when straight application fails". Swap the order of falling
-   back so that 3-way is always attempted first (only when the option
-   is given, of course) and then straight patch application is used as
-   a fallback when it fails.
-
- * "git apply" now takes "--3way" and "--cached" at the same time, and
-   work and record results only in the index.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) has learned that
-   CHERRY_PICK_HEAD is a possible pseudo-ref.
-
- * Userdiff patterns for "Scheme" has been added.
-
- * "git log" learned "--diff-merges=<style>" option, with an
-   associated configuration variable log.diffMerges.
-
- * "git log --format=..." placeholders learned %ah/%ch placeholders to
-   request the --date=human output.
-
- * Replace GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM mechanism to decline from reading the
-   system-wide configuration file with GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM that lets
-   users specify from which file to read the system-wide configuration
-   (setting it to an empty file would essentially be the same as
-   setting NOSYSTEM), and introduce GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL to override the
-   per-user configuration in $HOME/.gitconfig.
-
- * "git add" and "git rm" learned not to touch those paths that are
-   outside of sparse checkout.
-
- * "git rev-list" learns the "--filter=object:type=<type>" option,
-   which can be used to exclude objects of the given kind from the
-   packfile generated by pack-objects.
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) for "git stash" has been
-   updated.
-
- * "git subtree" updates.
-
- * It is now documented that "format-patch" skips merges.
-
- * Options to "git pack-objects" that take numeric values like
-   --window and --depth should not accept negative values; the input
-   validation has been tightened.
-
- * The way the command line specified by the trailer.<token>.command
-   configuration variable receives the end-user supplied value was
-   both error prone and misleading.  An alternative to achieve the
-   same goal in a safer and more intuitive way has been added, as
-   the trailer.<token>.cmd configuration variable, to replace it.
-
- * "git add -i --dry-run" does not dry-run, which was surprising.  The
-   combination of options has taught to error out.
-
- * "git push" learns to discover common ancestor with the receiving
-   end over protocol v2.  This will hopefully make "git push" as
-   efficient as "git fetch" in avoiding objects from getting
-   transferred unnecessarily.
-
- * "git mailinfo" (hence "git am") learned the "--quoted-cr" option to
-   control how lines ending with CRLF wrapped in base64 or qp are
-   handled.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * Rename detection rework continues.
-
- * GIT_TEST_FAIL_PREREQS is a mechanism to skip test pieces with
-   prerequisites to catch broken tests that depend on the side effects
-   of optional pieces, but did not work at all when negative
-   prerequisites were involved.
-   (merge 27d578d904 jk/fail-prereq-testfix later to maint).
-
- * "git diff-index" codepath has been taught to trust fsmonitor status
-   to reduce number of lstat() calls.
-   (merge 7e5aa13d2c nk/diff-index-fsmonitor later to maint).
-
- * Reorganize Makefile to allow building git.o and other essential
-   objects without extra stuff needed only for testing.
-
- * Preparatory API changes for parallel checkout.
-
- * A simple IPC interface gets introduced to build services like
-   fsmonitor on top.
-
- * Fsck API clean-up.
-
- * SECURITY.md that is facing individual contributors and end users
-   has been introduced.  Also a procedure to follow when preparing
-   embargoed releases has been spelled out.
-   (merge 09420b7648 js/security-md later to maint).
-
- * Optimize "rev-list --use-bitmap-index --objects" corner case that
-   uses negative tags as the stopping points.
-
- * CMake update for vsbuild.
-
- * An on-disk reverse-index to map the in-pack location of an object
-   back to its object name across multiple packfiles is introduced.
-
- * Generate [ec]tags under $(QUIET_GEN).
-
- * Clean-up codepaths that implements "git send-email --validate"
-   option and improves the message from it.
-
- * The last remnant of gettext-poison has been removed.
-
- * The test framework has been taught to optionally turn the default
-   merge strategy to "ort" throughout the system where we use
-   three-way merges internally, like cherry-pick, rebase etc.,
-   primarily to enhance its test coverage (the strategy has been
-   available as an explicit "-s ort" choice).
-
- * A bit of code clean-up and a lot of test clean-up around userdiff
-   area.
-
- * Handling of "promisor packs" that allows certain objects to be
-   missing and lazily retrievable has been optimized (a bit).
-
- * When packet_write() fails, we gave an extra error message
-   unnecessarily, which has been corrected.
-
- * The checkout machinery has been taught to perform the actual
-   write-out of the files in parallel when able.
-
- * Show errno in the trace output in the error codepath that calls
-   read_raw_ref method.
-
- * Effort to make the command line completion (in contrib/) safe with
-   "set -u" continues.
-
- * Tweak a few tests for "log --format=..." that show timestamps in
-   various formats.
-
- * The reflog expiry machinery has been taught to emit trace events.
-
- * Over-the-wire protocol learns a new request type to ask for object
-   sizes given a list of object names.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.31
------------------
-
- * The fsmonitor interface read from its input without making sure
-   there is something to read from.  This bug is new in 2.31
-   timeframe.
-
- * The data structure used by fsmonitor interface was not properly
-   duplicated during an in-core merge, leading to use-after-free etc.
-
- * "git bisect" reimplemented more in C during 2.30 timeframe did not
-   take an annotated tag as a good/bad endpoint well.  This regression
-   has been corrected.
-
- * Fix macros that can silently inject unintended null-statements.
-
- * CALLOC_ARRAY() macro replaces many uses of xcalloc().
-
- * Update insn in Makefile comments to run fuzz-all target.
-
- * Fix a corner case bug in "git mv" on case insensitive systems,
-   which was introduced in 2.29 timeframe.
-
- * We had a code to diagnose and die cleanly when a required
-   clean/smudge filter is missing, but an assert before that
-   unnecessarily fired, hiding the end-user facing die() message.
-   (merge 6fab35f748 mt/cleanly-die-upon-missing-required-filter later to maint).
-
- * Update C code that sets a few configuration variables when a remote
-   is configured so that it spells configuration variable names in the
-   canonical camelCase.
-   (merge 0f1da600e6 ab/remote-write-config-in-camel-case later to maint).
-
- * A new configuration variable has been introduced to allow choosing
-   which version of the generation number gets used in the
-   commit-graph file.
-   (merge 702110aac6 ds/commit-graph-generation-config later to maint).
-
- * Perf test update to work better in secondary worktrees.
-   (merge 36e834abc1 jk/perf-in-worktrees later to maint).
-
- * Updates to memory allocation code around the use of pcre2 library.
-   (merge c1760352e0 ab/grep-pcre2-allocfix later to maint).
-
- * "git -c core.bare=false clone --bare ..." would have segfaulted,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 75555676ad bc/clone-bare-with-conflicting-config later to maint).
-
- * When "git checkout" removes a path that does not exist in the
-   commit it is checking out, it wasn't careful enough not to follow
-   symbolic links, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fab78a0c3d mt/checkout-remove-nofollow later to maint).
-
- * A few option description strings started with capital letters,
-   which were corrected.
-   (merge 5ee90326dc cc/downcase-opt-help later to maint).
-
- * Plug or annotate remaining leaks that trigger while running the
-   very basic set of tests.
-   (merge 68ffe095a2 ah/plugleaks later to maint).
-
- * The hashwrite() API uses a buffering mechanism to avoid calling
-   write(2) too frequently. This logic has been refactored to be
-   easier to understand.
-   (merge ddaf1f62e3 ds/clarify-hashwrite later to maint).
-
- * "git cherry-pick/revert" with or without "--[no-]edit" did not spawn
-   the editor as expected (e.g. "revert --no-edit" after a conflict
-   still asked to edit the message), which has been corrected.
-   (merge 39edfd5cbc en/sequencer-edit-upon-conflict-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git daemon" has been tightened against systems that take backslash
-   as directory separator.
-   (merge 9a7f1ce8b7 rs/daemon-sanitize-dir-sep later to maint).
-
- * A NULL-dereference bug has been corrected in an error codepath in
-   "git for-each-ref", "git branch --list" etc.
-   (merge c685450880 jk/ref-filter-segfault-fix later to maint).
-
- * Streamline the codepath to fix the UTF-8 encoding issues in the
-   argv[] and the prefix on macOS.
-   (merge c7d0e61016 tb/precompose-prefix-simplify later to maint).
-
- * The command-line completion script (in contrib/) had a couple of
-   references that would have given a warning under the "-u" (nounset)
-   option.
-   (merge c5c0548d79 vs/completion-with-set-u later to maint).
-
- * When "git pack-objects" makes a literal copy of a part of existing
-   packfile using the reachability bitmaps, its update to the progress
-   meter was broken.
-   (merge 8e118e8490 jk/pack-objects-bitmap-progress-fix later to maint).
-
- * The dependencies for config-list.h and command-list.h were broken
-   when the former was split out of the latter, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 56550ea718 sg/bugreport-fixes later to maint).
-
- * "git push --quiet --set-upstream" was not quiet when setting the
-   upstream branch configuration, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f3cce896a8 ow/push-quiet-set-upstream later to maint).
-
- * The prefetch task in "git maintenance" assumed that "git fetch"
-   from any remote would fetch all its local branches, which would
-   fetch too much if the user is interested in only a subset of
-   branches there.
-   (merge 32f67888d8 ds/maintenance-prefetch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Clarify that pathnames recorded in Git trees are most often (but
-   not necessarily) encoded in UTF-8.
-   (merge 9364bf465d ab/pathname-encoding-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git --config-env var=val cmd" weren't accepted (only
-   --config-env=var=val was).
-   (merge c331551ccf ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value later to maint).
-
- * When the reachability bitmap is in effect, the "do not lose
-   recently created objects and those that are reachable from them"
-   safety to protect us from races were disabled by mistake, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge 2ba582ba4c jk/prune-with-bitmap-fix later to maint).
-
- * Cygwin pathname handling fix.
-   (merge bccc37fdc7 ad/cygwin-no-backslashes-in-paths later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase --[no-]reschedule-failed-exec" did not work well with
-   its configuration variable, which has been corrected.
-   (merge e5b32bffd1 ab/rebase-no-reschedule-failed-exec later to maint).
-
- * Portability fix for command line completion script (in contrib/).
-   (merge f2acf763e2 si/zsh-complete-comment-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git repack -A -d" in a partial clone unnecessarily loosened
-   objects in promisor pack.
-
- * "git bisect skip" when custom words are used for new/old did not
-   work, which has been corrected.
-
- * A few variants of informational message "Already up-to-date" has
-   been rephrased.
-   (merge ad9322da03 js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword later to maint).
-
- * "git submodule update --quiet" did not propagate the quiet option
-   down to underlying "git fetch", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 62af4bdd42 nc/submodule-update-quiet later to maint).
-
- * Document that our test can use "local" keyword.
-   (merge a84fd3bcc6 jc/test-allows-local later to maint).
-
- * The word-diff mode has been taught to work better with a word
-   regexp that can match an empty string.
-   (merge 0324e8fc6b pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches later to maint).
-
- * "git p4" learned to find branch points more efficiently.
-   (merge 6b79818bfb jk/p4-locate-branch-point-optim later to maint).
-
- * When "git update-ref -d" removes a ref that is packed, it left
-   empty directories under $GIT_DIR/refs/ for
-   (merge 5f03e5126d wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup later to maint).
-
- * "git clean" and "git ls-files -i" had confusion around working on
-   or showing ignored paths inside an ignored directory, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge b548f0f156 en/dir-traversal later to maint).
-
- * The handling of "%(push)" formatting element of "for-each-ref" and
-   friends was broken when the same codepath started handling
-   "%(push:<what>)", which has been corrected.
-   (merge 1e1c4c5eac zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix later to maint).
-
- * The bash prompt script (in contrib/) did not work under "set -u".
-   (merge 5c0cbdb107 en/prompt-under-set-u later to maint).
-
- * The "chainlint" feature in the test framework is a handy way to
-   catch common mistakes in writing new tests, but tends to get
-   expensive.  An knob to selectively disable it has been introduced
-   to help running tests that the developer has not modified.
-   (merge 2d86a96220 jk/test-chainlint-softer later to maint).
-
- * The "rev-parse" command did not diagnose the lack of argument to
-   "--path-format" option, which was introduced in v2.31 era, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 99fc555188 wm/rev-parse-path-format-wo-arg later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge f451960708 dl/cat-file-doc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 12604a8d0c sv/t9801-test-path-is-file-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ea7e63921c jr/doc-ignore-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 23c781f173 ps/update-ref-trans-hook-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 42efa1231a jk/filter-branch-sha256 later to maint).
-   (merge 4c8e3dca6e tb/push-simple-uses-branch-merge-config later to maint).
-   (merge 6534d436a2 bs/asciidoctor-installation-hints later to maint).
-   (merge 47957485b3 ab/read-tree later to maint).
-   (merge 2be927f3d1 ab/diff-no-index-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 76593c09bb ab/detox-gettext-tests later to maint).
-   (merge 28e29ee38b jc/doc-format-patch-clarify later to maint).
-   (merge fc12b6fdde fm/user-manual-use-preface later to maint).
-   (merge dba94e3a85 cc/test-helper-bloom-usage-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 61a7660516 hn/reftable-tables-doc-update later to maint).
-   (merge 81ed96a9b2 jt/fetch-pack-request-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 151b6c2dd7 jc/doc-do-not-capitalize-clarification later to maint).
-   (merge 9160068ac6 js/access-nul-emulation-on-windows later to maint).
-   (merge 7a14acdbe6 po/diff-patch-doc later to maint).
-   (merge f91371b948 pw/patience-diff-clean-up later to maint).
-   (merge 3a7f0908b6 mt/clean-clean later to maint).
-   (merge d4e2d15a8b ab/streaming-simplify later to maint).
-   (merge 0e59f7ad67 ah/merge-ort-i18n later to maint).
-   (merge e6f68f62e0 ls/typofix later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.1.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.32.1 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3 and
-v2.31.2 to address the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see the
-release notes for these versions for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.2.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.32.2.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.32.2.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.0.txt

@@ -1,279 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.33 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since Git 2.32
-----------------------
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * "git send-email" learned the "--sendmail-cmd" command line option
-   and the "sendemail.sendmailCmd" configuration variable, which is a
-   more sensible approach than the current way of repurposing the
-   "smtp-server" that is meant to name the server to instead name the
-   command to talk to the server.
-
- * The userdiff pattern for C# learned the token "record".
-
- * "git rev-list" learns to omit the "commit <object-name>" header
-   lines from the output with the `--no-commit-header` option.
-
- * "git worktree add --lock" learned to record why the worktree is
-   locked with a custom message.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * The code to handle the "--format" option in "for-each-ref" and
-   friends made too many string comparisons on %(atom)s used in the
-   format string, which has been corrected by converting them into
-   enum when the format string is parsed.
-
- * Use the hashfile API in the codepath that writes the index file to
-   reduce code duplication.
-
- * Repeated rename detections in a sequence of mergy operations have
-   been optimized out for the 'ort' merge strategy.
-
- * Preliminary clean-up of tests before the main reftable changes
-   hits the codebase.
-
- * The backend for "diff -G/-S" has been updated to use pcre2 engine
-   when available.
-
- * Use ".DELETE_ON_ERROR" pseudo target to simplify our Makefile.
-
- * Code cleanup around struct_type_init() functions.
-
- * "git send-email" optimization.
-
- * GitHub Actions / CI update.
-   (merge 0dc787a9f2 js/ci-windows-update later to maint).
-
- * Object accesses in repositories with many alternate object store
-   have been optimized.
-
- * "git log" has been optimized not to waste cycles to load ref
-   decoration data that may not be needed.
-
- * Many "printf"-like helper functions we have have been annotated
-   with __attribute__() to catch placeholder/parameter mismatches.
-
- * Tests that cover protocol bits have been updated and helpers
-   used there have been consolidated.
-
- * The CI gained a new job to run "make sparse" check.
-
- * "git status" codepath learned to work with sparsely populated index
-   without hydrating it fully.
-
- * A guideline for gender neutral documentation has been added.
-
- * Documentation on "git diff -l<n>" and diff.renameLimit have been
-   updated, and the defaults for these limits have been raised.
-
- * The completion support used to offer alternate spelling of options
-   that exist only for compatibility, which has been corrected.
-
- * "TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=there make test" failed to work, which has
-   been corrected.
-
- * "git bundle" gained more test coverage.
-
- * "git read-tree" had a codepath where blobs are fetched one-by-one
-   from the promisor remote, which has been corrected to fetch in bulk.
-
- * Rewrite of "git submodule" in C continues.
-
- * "git checkout" and "git commit" learn to work without unnecessarily
-   expanding sparse indexes.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.32
------------------
-
- * We historically rejected a very short string as an author name
-   while accepting a patch e-mail, which has been loosened.
-   (merge 72ee47ceeb ef/mailinfo-short-name later to maint).
-
- * The parallel checkout codepath did not initialize object ID field
-   used to talk to the worker processes in a futureproof way.
-
- * Rewrite code that triggers undefined behaviour warning.
-   (merge aafa5df0df jn/size-t-casted-to-off-t-fix later to maint).
-
- * The description of "fast-forward" in the glossary has been updated.
-   (merge e22f2daed0 ry/clarify-fast-forward-in-glossary later to maint).
-
- * Recent "git clone" left a temporary directory behind when the
-   transport layer returned an failure.
-   (merge 6aacb7d861 jk/clone-clean-upon-transport-error later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch" over protocol v2 left its side of the socket open after
-   it finished speaking, which unnecessarily wasted the resource on
-   the other side.
-   (merge ae1a7eefff jk/fetch-pack-v2-half-close-early later to maint).
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) learned that "git diff"
-   takes the "--anchored" option.
-   (merge d1e7c2cac9 tb/complete-diff-anchored later to maint).
-
- * "git-svn" tests assumed that "locale -a", which is used to pick an
-   available UTF-8 locale, is available everywhere.  A knob has been
-   introduced to allow testers to specify a suitable locale to use.
-   (merge 482c962de4 dd/svn-test-wo-locale-a later to maint).
-
- * Update "git subtree" to work better on Windows.
-   (merge 77f37de39f js/subtree-on-windows-fix later to maint).
-
- * Remove multimail from contrib/
-   (merge f74d11471f js/no-more-multimail later to maint).
-
- * Make the codebase MSAN clean.
-   (merge 4dbc55e87d ah/uninitialized-reads-fix later to maint).
-
- * Work around inefficient glob substitution in older versions of bash
-   by rewriting parts of a test.
-   (merge eb87c6f559 jx/t6020-with-older-bash later to maint).
-
- * Avoid duplicated work while building reachability bitmaps.
-   (merge aa9ad6fee5 jk/bitmap-tree-optim later to maint).
-
- * We broke "GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t?000" to skip certain tests in recent
-   update, which got fixed.
-
- * The side-band demultiplexer that is used to display progress output
-   from the remote end did not clear the line properly when the end of
-   line hits at a packet boundary, which has been corrected.
-
- * Some test scripts assumed that readlink(1) was universally
-   installed and available, which is not the case.
-   (merge 7c0afdf23c jk/test-without-readlink-1 later to maint).
-
- * Recent update to completion script (in contrib/) broke those who
-   use the __git_complete helper to define completion to their custom
-   command.
-   (merge cea232194d fw/complete-cmd-idx-fix later to maint).
-
- * Output from some of our tests were affected by the width of the
-   terminal that they were run in, which has been corrected by
-   exporting a fixed value in the COLUMNS environment.
-   (merge c49a177bec ab/fix-columns-to-80-during-tests later to maint).
-
- * On Windows, mergetool has been taught to find kdiff3.exe just like
-   it finds winmerge.exe.
-   (merge 47eb4c6890 ms/mergetools-kdiff3-on-windows later to maint).
-
- * When we cannot figure out how wide the terminal is, we use a
-   fallback value of 80 ourselves (which cannot be avoided), but when
-   we run the pager, we export it in COLUMNS, which forces the pager
-   to use the hardcoded value, even when the pager is perfectly
-   capable to figure it out itself.  Stop exporting COLUMNS when we
-   fall back on the hardcoded default value for our own use.
-   (merge 9b6e2c8b98 js/stop-exporting-bogus-columns later to maint).
-
- * "git cat-file --batch-all-objects"" misbehaved when "--batch" is in
-   use and did not ask for certain object traits.
-   (merge ee02ac6164 zh/cat-file-batch-fix later to maint).
-
- * Some code and doc clarification around "git push".
-
- * The "union" conflict resultion variant misbehaved when used with
-   binary merge driver.
-   (merge 382b601acd jk/union-merge-binary later to maint).
-
- * Prevent "git p4" from failing to submit changes to binary file.
-   (merge 54662d5958 dc/p4-binary-submit-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git grep --and -e foo" ought to have been diagnosed as an error
-   but instead segfaulted, which has been corrected.
-   (merge fe7fe62d8d rs/grep-parser-fix later to maint).
-
- * The merge code had funny interactions between content based rename
-   detection and directory rename detection.
-   (merge 3585d0ea23 en/merge-dir-rename-corner-case-fix later to maint).
-
- * When rebuilding the multi-pack index file reusing an existing one,
-   we used to blindly trust the existing file and ended up carrying
-   corrupted data into the updated file, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f89ecf7988 tb/midx-use-checksum later to maint).
-
- * Update the location of system-side configuration file on Windows.
-   (merge e355307692 js/gfw-system-config-loc-fix later to maint).
-
- * Code recently added to support common ancestry negotiation during
-   "git push" did not sanity check its arguments carefully enough.
-   (merge eff40457a4 ab/fetch-negotiate-segv-fix later to maint).
-
- * Update the documentation not to assume users are of certain gender
-   and adds to guidelines to do so.
-   (merge 46a237f42f ds/gender-neutral-doc later to maint).
-
- * "git commit --allow-empty-message" won't abort the operation upon
-   an empty message, but the hint shown in the editor said otherwise.
-   (merge 6f70f00b4f hj/commit-allow-empty-message later to maint).
-
- * The code that gives an error message in "git multi-pack-index" when
-   no subcommand is given tried to print a NULL pointer as a strong,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 88617d11f9 tb/reverse-midx later to maint).
-
- * CI update.
-   (merge a066a90db6 js/ci-check-whitespace-updates later to maint).
-
- * Documentation fix for "git pull --rebase=no".
-   (merge d3236becec fc/pull-no-rebase-merges-theirs-into-ours later to maint).
-
- * A race between repacking and using pack bitmaps has been corrected.
-   (merge dc1daacdcc jk/check-pack-valid-before-opening-bitmap later to maint).
-
- * The local changes stashed by "git merge --autostash" were lost when
-   the merge failed in certain ways, which has been corrected.
-
- * Windows rmdir() equivalent behaves differently from POSIX ones in
-   that when used on a symbolic link that points at a directory, the
-   target directory gets removed, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 3e7d4888e5 tb/mingw-rmdir-symlink-to-directory later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge bfe35a6165 ah/doc-describe later to maint).
-   (merge f302c1e4aa jc/clarify-revision-range later to maint).
-   (merge 3127ff90ea tl/fix-packfile-uri-doc later to maint).
-   (merge a84216c684 jk/doc-color-pager later to maint).
-   (merge 4e0a64a713 ab/trace2-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge 225f7fa847 ps/rev-list-object-type-filter later to maint).
-   (merge 5317dfeaed dd/honor-users-tar-in-tests later to maint).
-   (merge ace6d8e3d6 tk/partial-clone-repack-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 7ba68e0cf1 js/trace2-discard-event-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge 8603c419d3 fc/doc-default-to-upstream-config later to maint).
-   (merge 1d72b604ef jk/revision-squelch-gcc-warning later to maint).
-   (merge abcb66c614 ar/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 9853830787 ah/graph-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge aac578492d ab/config-hooks-path-testfix later to maint).
-   (merge 98c7656a18 ar/more-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 6fb9195f6c jk/doc-max-pack-size later to maint).
-   (merge 4184cbd635 ar/mailinfo-memcmp-to-skip-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge 91d2347033 ar/doc-libera-chat-in-my-first-contrib later to maint).
-   (merge 338abb0f04 ab/cmd-foo-should-return later to maint).
-   (merge 546096a5cb ab/xdiff-bug-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b7b793d1e7 ab/progress-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge d94f9b8e90 ba/object-info later to maint).
-   (merge 52ff891c03 ar/test-code-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge a0538e5c8b dd/document-log-decorate-default later to maint).
-   (merge ce24797d38 mr/cmake later to maint).
-   (merge 9eb542f2ee ab/pre-auto-gc-hook-test later to maint).
-   (merge 9fffc38583 bk/doc-commit-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 1cf823d8f0 ks/submodule-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge ebbf5d2b70 js/config-mak-windows-pcre-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 617480d75b hn/refs-iterator-peel-returns-boolean later to maint).
-   (merge 6a24cc71ed ar/submodule-helper-include-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 5632e838f8 rs/khash-alloc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge b1d87fbaf1 jk/typofix later to maint).
-   (merge e04170697a ab/gitignore-discovery-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 8232a0ff48 dl/packet-read-response-end-fix later to maint).
-   (merge eb448631fb dl/diff-merge-base later to maint).
-   (merge c510928a25 hn/refs-debug-empty-prefix later to maint).
-   (merge ddcb189d9d tb/bitmap-type-filter-comment-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 878b399734 pb/submodule-recurse-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 734283855f jk/config-env-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 482e1488a9 ab/getcwd-test later to maint).
-   (merge f0b922473e ar/doc-markup-fix later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.1.txt

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.33.1 Release Notes
-========================
-
-This primarily is to backport various fixes accumulated during the
-development towards Git 2.34, the next feature release.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.33
------------------
-
- * The unicode character width table (used for output alignment) has
-   been updated.
-
- * Input validation of "git pack-objects --stdin-packs" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Bugfix for common ancestor negotiation recently introduced in "git
-   push" codepath.
-
- * "git pull" had various corner cases that were not well thought out
-   around its --rebase backend, e.g. "git pull --ff-only" did not stop
-   but went ahead and rebased when the history on other side is not a
-   descendant of our history.  The series tries to fix them up.
-
- * "git apply" miscounted the bytes and failed to read to the end of
-   binary hunks.
-
- * "git range-diff" code clean-up.
-
- * "git commit --fixup" now works with "--edit" again, after it was
-   broken in v2.32.
-
- * Use upload-artifacts v1 (instead of v2) for 32-bit linux, as the
-   new version has a blocker bug for that architecture.
-
- * Checking out all the paths from HEAD during the last conflicted
-   step in "git rebase" and continuing would cause the step to be
-   skipped (which is expected), but leaves MERGE_MSG file behind in
-   $GIT_DIR and confuses the next "git commit", which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Various bugs in "git rebase -r" have been fixed.
-
- * mmap() imitation used to call xmalloc() that dies upon malloc()
-   failure, which has been corrected to just return an error to the
-   caller to be handled.
-
- * "git diff --relative" segfaulted and/or produced incorrect result
-   when there are unmerged paths.
-
- * The delayed checkout code path in "git checkout" etc. were chatty
-   even when --quiet and/or --no-progress options were given.
-
- * "git branch -D <branch>" used to refuse to remove a broken branch
-   ref that points at a missing commit, which has been corrected.
-
- * Build update for Apple clang.
-
- * The parser for the "--nl" option of "git column" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git upload-pack" which runs on the other side of "git fetch"
-   forgot to take the ref namespaces into account when handling
-   want-ref requests.
-
- * The sparse-index support can corrupt the index structure by storing
-   a stale and/or uninitialized data, which has been corrected.
-
- * Buggy tests could damage repositories outside the throw-away test
-   area we created.  We now by default export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
-   to limit the damage from such a stray test.
-
- * Even when running "git send-email" without its own threaded
-   discussion support, a threading related header in one message is
-   carried over to the subsequent message to result in an unwanted
-   threading, which has been corrected.
-
- * The output from "git fast-export", when its anonymization feature
-   is in use, showed an annotated tag incorrectly.
-
- * Recent "diff -m" changes broke "gitk", which has been corrected.
-
- * "git maintenance" scheduler fix for macOS.
-
- * A pathname in an advice message has been made cut-and-paste ready.
-
- * The "git apply -3" code path learned not to bother the lower level
-   merge machinery when the three-way merge can be trivially resolved
-   without the content level merge.
-
- * The code that optionally creates the *.rev reverse index file has
-   been optimized to avoid needless computation when it is not writing
-   the file out.
-
- * "git range-diff -I... <range> <range>" segfaulted, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * The order in which various files that make up a single (conceptual)
-   packfile has been reevaluated and straightened up.  This matters in
-   correctness, as an incomplete set of files must not be shown to a
-   running Git.
-
- * The "mode" word is useless in a call to open(2) that does not
-   create a new file.  Such a call in the files backend of the ref
-   subsystem has been cleaned up.
-
- * "git update-ref --stdin" failed to flush its output as needed,
-   which potentially led the conversation to a deadlock.
-
- * When "git am --abort" fails to abort correctly, it still exited
-   with exit status of 0, which has been corrected.
-
- * Correct nr and alloc members of strvec struct to be of type size_t.
-
- * "git stash", where the tentative change involves changing a
-   directory to a file (or vice versa), was confused, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD is unborn into a bare
-   repository didn't follow the branch name the other side used, which
-   is corrected.
-
- * "git cvsserver" had a long-standing bug in its authentication code,
-   which has finally been corrected (it is unclear and is a separate
-   question if anybody is seriously using it, though).
-
- * "git difftool --dir-diff" mishandled symbolic links.
-
- * Sensitive data in the HTTP trace were supposed to be redacted, but
-   we failed to do so in HTTP/2 requests.
-
- * "make clean" has been updated to remove leftover .depend/
-   directories, even when it is not told to use them to compute header
-   dependencies.
-
- * Protocol v0 clients can get stuck parsing a malformed feature line.
-
-Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.2.txt

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.33.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3, v2.31.2
-and v2.32.1 to address the security issue CVE-2022-24765; see
-the release notes for these versions for details.
-
-In addition, it contains the following fixes:
-
- * Squelch over-eager warning message added during this cycle.
-
- * A bug in "git rebase -r" has been fixed.
-
- * One CI task based on Fedora image noticed a not-quite-kosher
-   construct recently, which has been corrected.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.3.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.33.3.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.33.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.0.txt

@@ -1,438 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.34 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since Git 2.33
-----------------------
-
-Backward compatibility notes
-
- * The "--preserve-merges" option of "git rebase" has been removed.
-
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * Pathname expansion (like "~username/") learned a way to specify a
-   location relative to Git installation (e.g. its $sharedir which is
-   $(prefix)/share), with "%(prefix)".
-
- * The `ort` strategy is used instead of `recursive` as the default
-   merge strategy.
-
- * The userdiff pattern for "java" language has been updated.
-
- * "git rebase" by default skips changes that are equivalent to
-   commits that are already in the history the branch is rebased onto;
-   give messages when this happens to let the users be aware of
-   skipped commits, and also teach them how to tell "rebase" to keep
-   duplicated changes.
-
- * The advice message that "git cherry-pick" gives when it asks
-   conflicted replay of a commit to be resolved by the end user has
-   been updated.
-
- * After "git clone --recurse-submodules", all submodules are cloned
-   but they are not by default recursed into by other commands.  With
-   submodule.stickyRecursiveClone configuration set, submodule.recurse
-   configuration is set to true in a repository created by "clone"
-   with "--recurse-submodules" option.
-
- * The logic for auto-correction of misspelt subcommands learned to go
-   interactive when the help.autocorrect configuration variable is set
-   to 'prompt'.
-
- * "git maintenance" scheduler learned to use systemd timers as a
-   possible backend.
-
- * "git diff --submodule=diff" showed failure from run_command() when
-   trying to run diff inside a submodule, when the user manually
-   removes the submodule directory.
-
- * "git bundle unbundle" learned to show progress display.
-
- * In cone mode, the sparse-index code path learned to remove ignored
-   files (like build artifacts) outside the sparse cone, allowing the
-   entire directory outside the sparse cone to be removed, which is
-   especially useful when the sparse patterns change.
-
- * Taking advantage of the CGI interface, http-backend has been
-   updated to enable protocol v2 automatically when the other side
-   asks for it.
-
- * The credential-cache helper has been adjusted to Windows.
-
- * The error in "git help no-such-git-command" is handled better.
-
- * The unicode character width table (used for output alignment) has
-   been updated.
-
- * The ref iteration code used to optionally allow dangling refs to be
-   shown, which has been tightened up.
-
- * "git add", "git mv", and "git rm" have been adjusted to avoid
-   updating paths outside of the sparse-checkout definition unless
-   the user specifies a "--sparse" option.
-
- * "git repack" has been taught to generate multi-pack reachability
-   bitmaps.
-
- * "git fsck" has been taught to report mismatch between expected and
-   actual types of an object better.
-
- * In addition to GnuPG, ssh public crypto can be used for object and
-   push-cert signing.  Note that this feature cannot be used with
-   ssh-keygen from OpenSSH 8.7, whose support for it is broken.  Avoid
-   using it unless you update to OpenSSH 8.8.
-
- * "git log --grep=string --author=name" learns to highlight hits just
-   like "git grep string" does.
-
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * "git bisect" spawned "git show-branch" only to pretty-print the
-   title of the commit after checking out the next version to be
-   tested; this has been rewritten in C.
-
- * "git add" can work better with the sparse index.
-
- * Support for ancient versions of cURL library (pre 7.19.4) has been
-   dropped.
-
- * A handful of tests that assumed implementation details of files
-   backend for refs have been cleaned up.
-
- * trace2 logs learned to show parent process name to see in what
-   context Git was invoked.
-
- * Loading of ref tips to prepare for common ancestry negotiation in
-   "git fetch-pack" has been optimized by taking advantage of the
-   commit graph when available.
-
- * Remind developers that the userdiff patterns should be kept simple
-   and permissive, assuming that the contents they apply are always
-   syntactically correct.
-
- * The current implementation of GIT_TEST_FAIL_PREREQS is broken in
-   that checking for the lack of a prerequisite would not work.  Avoid
-   the use of "if ! test_have_prereq X" in a test script.
-
- * The revision traversal API has been optimized by taking advantage
-   of the commit-graph, when available, to determine if a commit is
-   reachable from any of the existing refs.
-
- * "git fetch --quiet" optimization to avoid useless computation of
-   info that will never be displayed.
-
- * Callers from older advice_config[] based API has been updated to
-   use the newer advice_if_enabled() and advice_enabled() API.
-
- * Teach "test_pause" and "debug" helpers to allow using the HOME and
-   TERM environment variables the user usually uses.
-
- * "make INSTALL_STRIP=-s install" allows the installation step to use
-   "install -s" to strip the binaries as they get installed.
-
- * Code that handles large number of refs in the "git fetch" code
-   path has been optimized.
-
- * The reachability bitmap file used to be generated only for a single
-   pack, but now we've learned to generate bitmaps for history that
-   span across multiple packfiles.
-
- * The code to make "git grep" recurse into submodules has been
-   updated to migrate away from the "add submodule's object store as
-   an alternate object store" mechanism (which is suboptimal).
-
- * The tracing of process ancestry information has been enhanced.
-
- * Reduce number of write(2) system calls while sending the
-   ref advertisement.
-
- * Update the build procedure to use the "-pedantic" build when
-   DEVELOPER makefile macro is in effect.
-
- * Large part of "git submodule add" gets rewritten in C.
-
- * The run-command API has been updated so that the callers can easily
-   ask the file descriptors open for packfiles to be closed immediately
-   before spawning commands that may trigger auto-gc.
-
- * An oddball OPTION_ARGUMENT feature has been removed from the
-   parse-options API.
-
- * The mergesort implementation used to sort linked list has been
-   optimized.
-
- * Remove external declaration of functions that no longer exist.
-
- * "git multi-pack-index write --bitmap" learns to propagate the
-   hashcache from original bitmap to resulting bitmap.
-
- * CI learns to run the leak sanitizer builds.
-
- * "git grep --recurse-submodules" takes trees and blobs from the
-   submodule repository, but the textconv settings when processing a
-   blob from the submodule is not taken from the submodule repository.
-   A test is added to demonstrate the issue, without fixing it.
-
- * Teach "git help -c" into helping the command line completion of
-   configuration variables.
-
- * When "git cmd -h" shows more than one line of usage text (e.g.
-   the cmd subcommand may take sub-sub-command), parse-options API
-   learned to align these lines, even across i18n/l10n.
-
- * Prevent "make sparse" from running for the source files that
-   haven't been modified.
-
- * The code path to write a new version of .midx multi-pack index files
-   has learned to release the mmaped memory holding the current
-   version of .midx before removing them from the disk, as some
-   platforms do not allow removal of a file that still has mapping.
-
- * A new feature has been added to abort early in the test framework.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.33
------------------
-
- * Input validation of "git pack-objects --stdin-packs" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Bugfix for common ancestor negotiation recently introduced in "git
-   push" code path.
-
- * "git pull" had various corner cases that were not well thought out
-   around its --rebase backend, e.g. "git pull --ff-only" did not stop
-   but went ahead and rebased when the history on other side is not a
-   descendant of our history.  The series tries to fix them up.
-
- * "git apply" miscounted the bytes and failed to read to the end of
-   binary hunks.
-
- * "git range-diff" code clean-up.
-
- * "git commit --fixup" now works with "--edit" again, after it was
-   broken in v2.32.
-
- * Use upload-artifacts v1 (instead of v2) for 32-bit linux, as the
-   new version has a blocker bug for that architecture.
-
- * Checking out all the paths from HEAD during the last conflicted
-   step in "git rebase" and continuing would cause the step to be
-   skipped (which is expected), but leaves MERGE_MSG file behind in
-   $GIT_DIR and confuses the next "git commit", which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Various bugs in "git rebase -r" have been fixed.
-
- * mmap() imitation used to call xmalloc() that dies upon malloc()
-   failure, which has been corrected to just return an error to the
-   caller to be handled.
-
- * "git diff --relative" segfaulted and/or produced incorrect result
-   when there are unmerged paths.
-
- * The delayed checkout code path in "git checkout" etc. were chatty
-   even when --quiet and/or --no-progress options were given.
-
- * "git branch -D <branch>" used to refuse to remove a broken branch
-   ref that points at a missing commit, which has been corrected.
-
- * Build update for Apple clang.
-
- * The parser for the "--nl" option of "git column" has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git upload-pack" which runs on the other side of "git fetch"
-   forgot to take the ref namespaces into account when handling
-   want-ref requests.
-
- * The sparse-index support can corrupt the index structure by storing
-   a stale and/or uninitialized data, which has been corrected.
-
- * Buggy tests could damage repositories outside the throw-away test
-   area we created.  We now by default export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES
-   to limit the damage from such a stray test.
-
- * Even when running "git send-email" without its own threaded
-   discussion support, a threading related header in one message is
-   carried over to the subsequent message to result in an unwanted
-   threading, which has been corrected.
-
- * The output from "git fast-export", when its anonymization feature
-   is in use, showed an annotated tag incorrectly.
-
- * Recent "diff -m" changes broke "gitk", which has been corrected.
-
- * The "git apply -3" code path learned not to bother the lower level
-   merge machinery when the three-way merge can be trivially resolved
-   without the content level merge.  This fixes a regression caused by
-   recent "-3way first and fall back to direct application" change.
-
- * The code that optionally creates the *.rev reverse index file has
-   been optimized to avoid needless computation when it is not writing
-   the file out.
-
- * "git range-diff -I... <range> <range>" segfaulted, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * The order in which various files that make up a single (conceptual)
-   packfile has been reevaluated and straightened up.  This matters in
-   correctness, as an incomplete set of files must not be shown to a
-   running Git.
-
- * The "mode" word is useless in a call to open(2) that does not
-   create a new file.  Such a call in the files backend of the ref
-   subsystem has been cleaned up.
-
- * "git update-ref --stdin" failed to flush its output as needed,
-   which potentially led the conversation to a deadlock.
-
- * When "git am --abort" fails to abort correctly, it still exited
-   with exit status of 0, which has been corrected.
-
- * Correct nr and alloc members of strvec struct to be of type size_t.
-
- * "git stash", where the tentative change involves changing a
-   directory to a file (or vice versa), was confused, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD is unborn into a bare
-   repository didn't follow the branch name the other side used, which
-   is corrected.
-
- * "git cvsserver" had a long-standing bug in its authentication code,
-   which has finally been corrected (it is unclear and is a separate
-   question if anybody is seriously using it, though).
-
- * "git difftool --dir-diff" mishandled symbolic links.
-
- * Sensitive data in the HTTP trace were supposed to be redacted, but
-   we failed to do so in HTTP/2 requests.
-
- * "make clean" has been updated to remove leftover .depend/
-   directories, even when it is not told to use them to compute header
-   dependencies.
-
- * Protocol v0 clients can get stuck parsing a malformed feature line.
-
- * A few kinds of changes "git status" can show were not documented.
-   (merge d2a534c515 ja/doc-status-types-and-copies later to maint).
-
- * The mergesort implementation used to sort linked list has been
-   optimized.
-   (merge c90cfc225b rs/mergesort later to maint).
-
- * An editor session launched during a Git operation (e.g. during 'git
-   commit') can leave the terminal in a funny state.  The code path
-   has updated to save the terminal state before, and restore it
-   after, it spawns an editor.
-   (merge 3d411afabc cm/save-restore-terminal later to maint).
-
- * "git cat-file --batch" with the "--batch-all-objects" option is
-   supposed to iterate over all the objects found in a repository, but
-   it used to translate these object names using the replace mechanism,
-   which defeats the point of enumerating all objects in the repository.
-   This has been corrected.
-   (merge bf972896d7 jk/cat-file-batch-all-wo-replace later to maint).
-
- * Recent sparse-index work broke safety against attempts to add paths
-   with trailing slashes to the index, which has been corrected.
-   (merge c8ad9d04c6 rs/make-verify-path-really-verify-again later to maint).
-
- * The "--color-lines" and "--color-by-age" options of "git blame"
-   have been missing, which are now documented.
-   (merge 8c32856133 bs/doc-blame-color-lines later to maint).
-
- * The PATH used in CI job may be too wide and let incompatible dlls
-   to be grabbed, which can cause the build&test to fail.  Tighten it.
-   (merge 7491ef6198 js/windows-ci-path-fix later to maint).
-
- * Avoid performance measurements from getting ruined by gc and other
-   housekeeping pauses interfering in the middle.
-   (merge be79131a53 rs/disable-gc-during-perf-tests later to maint).
-
- * Stop "git add --dry-run" from creating new blob and tree objects.
-   (merge e578d0311d rs/add-dry-run-without-objects later to maint).
-
- * "git commit" gave duplicated error message when the object store
-   was unwritable, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 4ef91a2d79 ab/fix-commit-error-message-upon-unwritable-object-store later to maint).
-
- * Recent sparse-index addition, namely any use of index_name_pos(),
-   can expand sparse index entries and breaks any code that walks
-   cache-tree or existing index entries.  One such instance of such a
-   breakage has been corrected.
-
- * The xxdiff difftool backend can exit with status 128, which the
-   difftool-helper that launches the backend takes as a significant
-   failure, when it is not significant at all.  Work it around.
-   (merge 571f4348dd da/mergetools-special-case-xxdiff-exit-128 later to maint).
-
- * Improve test framework around unwritable directories.
-   (merge 5d22e18965 ab/test-cleanly-recreate-trash-directory later to maint).
-
- * "git push" client talking to an HTTP server did not diagnose the
-   lack of the final status report from the other side correctly,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge c5c3486f38 jk/http-push-status-fix later to maint).
-
- * Update "git archive" documentation and give explicit mention on the
-   compression level for both zip and tar.gz format.
-   (merge c4b208c309 bs/archive-doc-compression-level later to maint).
-
- * Drop "git sparse-checkout" from the list of common commands.
-   (merge 6a9a50a8af sg/sparse-index-not-that-common-a-command later to maint).
-
- * "git branch -c/-m new old" was not described to copy config, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 8252ec300e jc/branch-copy-doc later to maint).
-
- * Squelch over-eager warning message added during this cycle.
-
- * Fix long-standing shell syntax error in the completion script.
-   (merge 46b0585286 re/completion-fix-test-equality later to maint).
-
- * Teach "git commit-graph" command not to allow using replace objects
-   at all, as we do not use the commit-graph at runtime when we see
-   object replacement.
-   (merge 095d112f8c ab/ignore-replace-while-working-on-commit-graph later to maint).
-
- * "git pull --no-verify" did not affect the underlying "git merge".
-   (merge 47bfdfb3fd ar/fix-git-pull-no-verify later to maint).
-
- * One CI task based on Fedora image noticed a not-quite-kosher
-   construct recently, which has been corrected.
-
- * "git pull --ff-only" and "git pull --rebase --ff-only" should make
-   it a no-op to attempt pulling from a remote that is behind us, but
-   instead the command errored out by saying it was impossible to
-   fast-forward, which may technically be true, but not a useful thing
-   to diagnose as an error.  This has been corrected.
-   (merge 361cb52383 jc/fix-pull-ff-only-when-already-up-to-date later to maint).
-
- * The way Cygwin emulates a unix-domain socket, on top of which the
-   simple-ipc mechanism is implemented, can race with the program on
-   the other side that wants to use the socket, and briefly make it
-   appear as a regular file before lstat(2) starts reporting it as a
-   socket.  We now have a workaround on the side that connects to a
-   unix domain socket.
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge f188160be9 ab/bundle-remove-verbose-option later to maint).
-   (merge 8c6b4332b4 rs/close-pack-leakfix later to maint).
-   (merge 51b04c05b7 bs/difftool-msg-tweak later to maint).
-   (merge dd20e4a6db ab/make-compdb-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 6ffb990dc4 os/status-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge 100c2da2d3 rs/p3400-lose-tac later to maint).
-   (merge 76f3b69896 tb/aggregate-ignore-leading-whitespaces later to maint).
-   (merge 6e4fd8bfcd tz/doc-link-to-bundle-format-fix later to maint).
-   (merge f6c013dfa1 jc/doc-commit-header-continuation-line later to maint).
-   (merge ec9a37d69b ab/pkt-line-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 8650c6298c ab/fix-make-lint-docs later to maint).
-   (merge 1c720357ce ab/test-lib-diff-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 6b615dbece ks/submodule-add-message-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 203eb8381a jc/doc-format-patch-clarify-auto-base later to maint).
-   (merge 559664c792 ab/test-lib later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.1.txt

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.34.1 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release is primarily to fix a handful of regressions in Git 2.34.
-
-Fixes since v2.34
------------------
-
- * "git grep" looking in a blob that has non-UTF8 payload was
-   completely broken when linked with certain versions of PCREv2
-   library in the latest release.
-
- * "git pull" with any strategy when the other side is behind us
-   should succeed as it is a no-op, but doesn't.
-
- * An earlier change in 2.34.0 caused JGit application (that abused
-   GIT_EDITOR mechanism when invoking "git config") to get stuck with
-   a SIGTTOU signal; it has been reverted.
-
- * An earlier change that broke .gitignore matching has been reverted.
-
- * SubmittingPatches document gained a syntactically incorrect mark-up,
-   which has been corrected.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.2.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.34.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3, v2.31.2,
-v2.32.1 and v2.33.2 to address the security issue CVE-2022-24765;
-see the release notes for these versions for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.3.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.34.3.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.34.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.0.txt

@@ -1,412 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.35 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since Git 2.34
-----------------------
-
-Backward compatibility warts
-
- * "_" is now treated as any other URL-valid characters in an URL when
-   matching the per-URL configuration variable names.
-
- * The color palette used by "git grep" has been updated to match that
-   of GNU grep.
-
-
-Note to those who build from the source
-
- * You may need to define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 Makefile macro if you build
-   with zlib older than 1.2.9.
-
- * If your compiler cannot grok C99, the build will fail.  See the
-   instruction at the beginning of git-compat-util.h if this happens
-   to you.
-
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * "git status --porcelain=v2" now show the number of stash entries
-   with --show-stash like the normal output does.
-
- * "git stash" learned the "--staged" option to stash away what has
-   been added to the index (and nothing else).
-
- * "git var GIT_DEFAULT_BRANCH" is a way to see what name is used for
-   the newly created branch if "git init" is run.
-
- * Various operating modes of "git reset" have been made to work
-   better with the sparse index.
-
- * "git submodule deinit" for a submodule whose .git metadata
-   directory is embedded in its working tree refused to work, until
-   the submodule gets converted to use the "absorbed" form where the
-   metadata directory is stored in superproject, and a gitfile at the
-   top-level of the working tree of the submodule points at it.  The
-   command is taught to convert such submodules to the absorbed form
-   as needed.
-
- * The completion script (in contrib/) learns that the "--date"
-   option of commands from the "git log" family takes "human" and
-   "auto" as valid values.
-
- * "Zealous diff3" style of merge conflict presentation has been added.
-
- * The "git log --format=%(describe)" placeholder has been extended to
-   allow passing selected command-line options to the underlying "git
-   describe" command.
-
- * "default" and "reset" have been added to our color palette.
-
- * The cryptographic signing using ssh keys can specify literal keys
-   for keytypes whose name do not begin with the "ssh-" prefix by
-   using the "key::" prefix mechanism (e.g. "key::ecdsa-sha2-nistp256").
-
- * "git fetch" without the "--update-head-ok" option ought to protect
-   a checked out branch from getting updated, to prevent the working
-   tree that checks it out to go out of sync.  The code was written
-   before the use of "git worktree" got widespread, and only checked
-   the branch that was checked out in the current worktree, which has
-   been updated.
-
- * "git name-rev" has been tweaked to give output that is shorter and
-   easier to understand.
-
- * "git apply" has been taught to ignore a message without a patch
-   with the "--allow-empty" option.  It also learned to honor the
-   "--quiet" option given from the command line.
-
- * The "init" and "set" subcommands in "git sparse-checkout" have been
-   unified for a better user experience and performance.
-
- * Many git commands that deal with working tree files try to remove a
-   directory that becomes empty (i.e. "git switch" from a branch that
-   has the directory to another branch that does not would attempt
-   remove all files in the directory and the directory itself).  This
-   drops users into an unfamiliar situation if the command was run in
-   a subdirectory that becomes subject to removal due to the command.
-   The commands have been taught to keep an empty directory if it is
-   the directory they were started in to avoid surprising users.
-
- * "git am" learns "--empty=(stop|drop|keep)" option to tweak what is
-   done to a piece of e-mail without a patch in it.
-
- * The default merge message prepared by "git merge" records the name
-   of the current branch; the name can be overridden with a new option
-   to allow users to pretend a merge is made on a different branch.
-
- * The way "git p4" shows file sizes in its output has been updated to
-   use human-readable units.
-
- * "git -c branch.autosetupmerge=inherit branch new old" makes "new"
-   to have the same upstream as the "old" branch, instead of marking
-   "old" itself as its upstream.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * The use of errno as a means to carry the nature of error in the ref
-   API implementation has been reworked and reduced.
-
- * Teach and encourage first-time contributors to this project to
-   state the base commit when they submit their topic.
-
- * The command line completion for "git send-email" options have been
-   tweaked to make it easier to keep it in sync with the command itself.
-
- * Ensure that the sparseness of the in-core index matches the
-   index.sparse configuration specified by the repository immediately
-   after the on-disk index file is read.
-
- * Code clean-up to eventually allow information on remotes defined
-   for an arbitrary repository to be read.
-
- * Build optimization.
-
- * Tighten code for testing pack-bitmap.
-
- * Weather balloon to break people with compilers that do not support
-   C99.
-
- * The "reftable" backend for the refs API, without integrating into
-   the refs subsystem, has been added.
-
- * More tests are marked as leak-free.
-
- * The test framework learns to list unsatisfied test prerequisites,
-   and optionally error out when prerequisites that are expected to be
-   satisfied are not.
-
- * The default setting for trace2 event nesting was too low to cause
-   test failures, which is worked around by bumping it up in the test
-   framework.
-
- * Drop support for TravisCI and update test workflows at GitHub.
-
- * Many tests that used to need GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
-   mechanism to force "git" to use 'master' as the default name for
-   the initial branch no longer need it; the use of the mechanism from
-   them have been removed.
-
- * Allow running our tests while disabling fsync.
-
- * Document the parameters given to the reflog entry iterator callback
-   functions.
-   (merge e6e94f34b2 jc/reflog-iterator-callback-doc later to maint).
-
- * The test helper for refs subsystem learned to write bogus and/or
-   nonexistent object name to refs to simulate error situations we
-   want to test Git in.
-
- * "diff --histogram" optimization.
-
- * Weather balloon to find compilers that do not grok variable
-   declaration in the for() loop.
-
- * diff and blame commands have been taught to work better with sparse
-   index.
-
- * The chainlint test script linter in the test suite has been updated.
-
- * The DEVELOPER=yes build uses -std=gnu99 now.
-
- * "git format-patch" uses a single rev_info instance and then exits.
-   Mark the structure with UNLEAK() macro to squelch leak sanitizer.
-
- * New interface into the tmp-objdir API to help in-core use of the
-   quarantine feature.
-
- * Broken &&-chains in the test scripts have been corrected.
-
- * The RCS keyword substitution in "git p4" used to be done assuming
-   that the contents are UTF-8 text, which can trigger decoding
-   errors.  We now treat the contents as a bytestring for robustness
-   and correctness.
-
- * The conditions to choose different definitions of the FLEX_ARRAY
-   macro for vendor compilers has been simplified to make it easier to
-   maintain.
-
- * Correctness and performance update to "diff --color-moved" feature.
-
- * "git upload-pack" (the other side of "git fetch") used a 8kB buffer
-   but most of its payload came on 64kB "packets".  The buffer size
-   has been enlarged so that such a packet fits.
-
- * "git fetch" and "git pull" are now declared sparse-index clean.
-   Also "git ls-files" learns the "--sparse" option to help debugging.
-
- * Similar message templates have been consolidated so that
-   translators need to work on fewer number of messages.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.34
------------------
-
- * "git grep" looking in a blob that has non-UTF8 payload was
-   completely broken when linked with certain versions of PCREv2
-   library in the latest release.
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-
- * "git pull" with any strategy when the other side is behind us
-   should succeed as it is a no-op, but doesn't.
-
- * An earlier change in 2.34.0 caused JGit application (that abused
-   GIT_EDITOR mechanism when invoking "git config") to get stuck with
-   a SIGTTOU signal; it has been reverted.
-
- * An earlier change that broke .gitignore matching has been reverted.
-
- * Things like "git -c branch.sort=bogus branch new HEAD", i.e. the
-   operation modes of the "git branch" command that do not need the
-   sort key information, no longer errors out by seeing a bogus sort
-   key.
-   (merge 98e7ab6d42 jc/fix-ref-sorting-parse later to maint).
-
- * The compatibility implementation for unsetenv(3) were written to
-   mimic ancient, non-POSIX, variant seen in an old glibc; it has been
-   changed to return an integer to match the more modern era.
-   (merge a38989bd5b jc/unsetenv-returns-an-int later to maint).
-
- * The clean/smudge conversion code path has been prepared to better
-   work on platforms where ulong is narrower than size_t.
-   (merge 596b5e77c9 mc/clean-smudge-with-llp64 later to maint).
-
- * Redact the path part of packfile URI that appears in the trace output.
-   (merge 0ba558ffb1 if/redact-packfile-uri later to maint).
-
- * CI has been taught to catch some Unicode directional formatting
-   sequence that can be used in certain mischief.
-   (merge 0e7696c64d js/ci-no-directional-formatting later to maint).
-
- * The "--date=format:<strftime>" gained a workaround for the lack of
-   system support for a non-local timezone to handle "%s" placeholder.
-   (merge 9b591b9403 jk/strbuf-addftime-seconds-since-epoch later to maint).
-
- * The "merge" subcommand of "git jump" (in contrib/) silently ignored
-   pathspec and other parameters.
-   (merge 67ba13e5a4 jk/jump-merge-with-pathspec later to maint).
-
- * The code to decode the length of packed object size has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 34de5b8eac jt/pack-header-lshift-overflow later to maint).
-
- * The advice message given by "git pull" when the user hasn't made a
-   choice between merge and rebase still said that the merge is the
-   default, which no longer is the case.  This has been corrected.
-   (merge 71076d0edd ah/advice-pull-has-no-preference-between-rebase-and-merge later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch", when received a bad packfile, can fail with SIGPIPE.
-   This wasn't wrong per-se, but we now detect the situation and fail
-   in a more predictable way.
-   (merge 2a4aed42ec jk/fetch-pack-avoid-sigpipe-to-index-pack later to maint).
-
- * The function to cull a child process and determine the exit status
-   had two separate code paths for normal callers and callers in a
-   signal handler, and the latter did not yield correct value when the
-   child has caught a signal.  The handling of the exit status has
-   been unified for these two code paths.  An existing test with
-   flakiness has also been corrected.
-   (merge 5263e22cba jk/t7006-sigpipe-tests-fix later to maint).
-
- * When a non-existent program is given as the pager, we tried to
-   reuse an uninitialized child_process structure and crashed, which
-   has been fixed.
-   (merge f917f57f40 em/missing-pager later to maint).
-
- * The single-key-input mode in "git add -p" had some code to handle
-   keys that generate a sequence of input via ReadKey(), which did not
-   handle end-of-file correctly, which has been fixed.
-   (merge fc8a8126df cb/add-p-single-key-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase -x" added an unnecessary 'exec' instructions before
-   'noop', which has been corrected.
-   (merge cc9dcdee61 en/rebase-x-fix later to maint).
-
- * When the "git push" command is killed while the receiving end is
-   trying to report what happened to the ref update proposals, the
-   latter used to die, due to SIGPIPE.  The code now ignores SIGPIPE
-   to increase our chances to run the post-receive hook after it
-   happens.
-   (merge d34182b9e3 rj/receive-pack-avoid-sigpipe-during-status-reporting later to maint).
-
- * "git worktree add" showed "Preparing worktree" message to the
-   standard output stream, but when it failed, the message from die()
-   went to the standard error stream.  Depending on the order the
-   stdio streams are flushed at the program end, this resulted in
-   confusing output.  It has been corrected by sending all the chatty
-   messages to the standard error stream.
-   (merge b50252484f es/worktree-chatty-to-stderr later to maint).
-
- * Coding guideline document has been updated to clarify what goes to
-   standard error in our system.
-   (merge e258eb4800 es/doc-stdout-vs-stderr later to maint).
-
- * The sparse-index/sparse-checkout feature had a bug in its use of
-   the matching code to determine which path is in or outside the
-   sparse checkout patterns.
-   (merge 8c5de0d265 ds/sparse-deep-pattern-checkout-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase -x" by mistake started exporting the GIT_DIR and
-   GIT_WORK_TREE environment variables when the command was rewritten
-   in C, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 434e0636db en/rebase-x-wo-git-dir-env later to maint).
-
- * When "git log" implicitly enabled the "decoration" processing
-   without being explicitly asked with "--decorate" option, it failed
-   to read and honor the settings given by the "--decorate-refs"
-   option.
-
- * "git fetch --set-upstream" did not check if there is a current
-   branch, leading to a segfault when it is run on a detached HEAD,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 17baeaf82d ab/fetch-set-upstream-while-detached later to maint).
-
- * Among some code paths that ask an yes/no question, only one place
-   gave a prompt that looked different from the others, which has been
-   updated to match what the others create.
-   (merge 0fc8ed154c km/help-prompt-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git log --invert-grep --author=<name>" used to exclude commits
-   written by the given author, but now "--invert-grep" only affects
-   the matches made by the "--grep=<pattern>" option.
-   (merge 794c000267 rs/log-invert-grep-with-headers later to maint).
-
- * "git grep --perl-regexp" failed to match UTF-8 characters with
-   wildcard when the pattern consists only of ASCII letters, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge 32e3e8bc55 rs/pcre2-utf later to maint).
-
- * Certain sparse-checkout patterns that are valid in non-cone mode
-   led to segfault in cone mode, which has been corrected.
-
- * Use of certain "git rev-list" options with "git fast-export"
-   created nonsense results (the worst two of which being "--reverse"
-   and "--invert-grep --grep=<foo>").  The use of "--first-parent" is
-   made to behave a bit more sensible than before.
-   (merge 726a228dfb ws/fast-export-with-revision-options later to maint).
-
- * Perf tests were run with end-user's shell, but it has been
-   corrected to use the shell specified by $TEST_SHELL_PATH.
-   (merge 9ccab75608 ja/perf-use-specified-shell later to maint).
-
- * Fix dependency rules to generate hook-list.h header file.
-   (merge d3fd1a6667 ab/makefile-hook-list-dependency-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git stash" by default triggers its "push" action, but its
-   implementation also made "git stash -h" to show short help only for
-   "git stash push", which has been corrected.
-   (merge ca7990cea5 ab/do-not-limit-stash-help-to-push later to maint).
-
- * "git apply --3way" bypasses the attempt to do a three-way
-   application in more cases to address the regression caused by the
-   recent change to use direct application as a fallback.
-   (merge 34d607032c jz/apply-3-corner-cases later to maint).
-
- * Fix performance-releated bug in "git subtree" (in contrib/).
-   (merge 3ce8888fb4 jl/subtree-check-parents-argument-passing-fix later to maint).
-
- * Extend the guidance to choose the base commit to build your work
-   on, and hint/nudge contributors to read others' changes.
-   (merge fdfae830f8 jc/doc-submitting-patches-choice-of-base later to maint).
-
- * A corner case bug in the ort merge strategy has been corrected.
-   (merge d30126c20d en/merge-ort-renorm-with-rename-delete-conflict-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git stash apply" forgot to attempt restoring untracked files when
-   it failed to restore changes to tracked ones.
-   (merge 71cade5a0b en/stash-df-fix later to maint).
-
- * Calling dynamically loaded functions on Windows has been corrected.
-   (merge 4a9b204920 ma/windows-dynload-fix later to maint).
-
- * Some lockfile code called free() in signal-death code path, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 58d4d7f1c5 ps/lockfile-cleanup-fix later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge 74db416c9c cw/protocol-v2-doc-fix later to maint).
-   (merge f9b2b6684d ja/doc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 7d1b866778 jc/fix-first-object-walk later to maint).
-   (merge 538ac74604 js/trace2-avoid-recursive-errors later to maint).
-   (merge 152923b132 jk/t5319-midx-corruption-test-deflake later to maint).
-   (merge 9081a421a6 ab/checkout-branch-info-leakfix later to maint).
-   (merge 42c456ff81 rs/mergesort later to maint).
-   (merge ad506e6780 tl/midx-docfix later to maint).
-   (merge bf5b83fd8a hk/ci-checkwhitespace-commentfix later to maint).
-   (merge 49f1eb3b34 jk/refs-g11-workaround later to maint).
-   (merge 7d3fc7df70 jt/midx-doc-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 7b089120d9 hn/create-reflog-simplify later to maint).
-   (merge 9e12400da8 cb/mingw-gmtime-r later to maint).
-   (merge 0bf0de6cc7 tb/pack-revindex-on-disk-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 2c68f577fc ew/cbtree-remove-unused-and-broken-cb-unlink later to maint).
-   (merge eafd6e7e55 ab/die-with-bug later to maint).
-   (merge 91028f7659 jc/grep-patterntype-default-doc later to maint).
-   (merge 47ca93d071 ds/repack-fixlets later to maint).
-   (merge e6a9bc0c60 rs/t4202-invert-grep-test-fix later to maint).
-   (merge deb5407a42 gh/gpg-doc-markup-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 999bba3e0b rs/daemon-plug-leak later to maint).
-   (merge 786eb1ba39 js/l10n-mention-ngettext-early-in-readme later to maint).
-   (merge 2f12b31b74 ab/makefile-msgfmt-wo-stats later to maint).
-   (merge 0517f591ca fs/gpg-unknown-key-test-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 97d6fb5a1f ma/header-dup-cleanup later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.1.txt

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.35.1 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-Git 2.35 shipped with a regression that broke use of "rebase" and
-"stash" in a secondary worktree.  This maintenance release ought to
-fix it.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.2.txt

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.35.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.30.3,
-v2.31.2, v2.32.1, v2.33.2 and v2.34.2 to address the security
-issue CVE-2022-24765; see the release notes for these versions
-for details.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.3.txt

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-Git Documentation/RelNotes/2.35.3.txt Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This release merges up the fixes that appear in v2.35.3.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.0.txt

@@ -1,429 +0,0 @@
-Git 2.36 Release Notes
-======================
-
-Updates since Git 2.35
-----------------------
-
-Backward compatibility warts
-
- * "git name-rev --stdin" has been deprecated and issues a warning
-   when used; use "git name-rev --annotate-stdin" instead.
-
- * "git clone --filter=... --recurse-submodules" only makes the
-   top-level a partial clone, while submodules are fully cloned.  This
-   behaviour is changed to pass the same filter down to the submodules.
-
- * With the fixes for CVE-2022-24765 that are common with versions of
-   Git 2.30.4, 2.31.3, 2.32.2, 2.33.3, 2.34.3, and 2.35.3, Git has
-   been taught not to recognise repositories owned by other users, in
-   order to avoid getting affected by their config files and hooks.
-   You can list the path to the safe/trusted repositories that may be
-   owned by others on a multi-valued configuration variable
-   `safe.directory` to override this behaviour, or use '*' to declare
-   that you trust anything.
-
-
-Note to those who build from the source
-
- * Since Git 2.31, our source assumed that the compiler you use to
-   build Git supports variadic macros, with an easy-to-use escape
-   hatch to allow compilation without variadic macros with an request
-   to report that you had to use the escape hatch to the list.
-   Because we haven't heard from anybody who actually needed to use
-   the escape hatch, it has been removed, making support of variadic
-   macros a hard requirement.
-
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * Assorted updates to "git cat-file", especially "-h".
-
- * The command line completion (in contrib/) learns to complete
-   arguments to give to "git sparse-checkout" command.
-
- * "git log --remerge-diff" shows the difference from mechanical merge
-   result and the result that is actually recorded in a merge commit.
-
- * "git log" and friends learned an option --exclude-first-parent-only
-   to propagate UNINTERESTING bit down only along the first-parent
-   chain, just like --first-parent option shows commits that lack the
-   UNINTERESTING bit only along the first-parent chain.
-
- * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
-   complete all Git subcommands, including the ones that are normally
-   hidden, when GIT_COMPLETION_SHOW_ALL_COMMANDS is used.
-
- * "git branch" learned the "--recurse-submodules" option.
-
- * A user can forget to make a script file executable before giving
-   it to "git bisect run".  In such a case, all tests will exit with
-   126 or 127 error codes, even on revisions that are marked as good.
-   Try to recognize this situation and stop iteration early.
-
- * When "index-pack" dies due to incoming data exceeding the maximum
-   allowed input size, include the value of the limit in the error
-   message.
-
- * The error message given by "git switch HEAD~4" has been clarified
-   to suggest the "--detach" option that is required.
-
- * In sparse-checkouts, files mis-marked as missing from the working tree
-   could lead to later problems.  Such files were hard to discover, and
-   harder to correct.  Automatically detecting and correcting the marking
-   of such files has been added to avoid these problems.
-
- * "git cat-file" learns "--batch-command" mode, which is a more
-   flexible interface than the existing "--batch" or "--batch-check"
-   modes, to allow different kinds of inquiries made.
-
- * The level of verbose output from the ort backend during inner merge
-   has been aligned to that of the recursive backend.
-
- * "git remote rename A B", depending on the number of remote-tracking
-   refs involved, takes long time renaming them.  The command has been
-   taught to show progress bar while making the user wait.
-
- * Bundle file format gets extended to allow a partial bundle,
-   filtered by similar criteria you would give when making a
-   partial/lazy clone.
-
- * A new built-in userdiff driver for kotlin has been added.
-
- * "git repack" learned a new configuration to disable triggering of
-   age-old "update-server-info" command, which is rarely useful these
-   days.
-
- * "git stash" does not allow subcommands it internally runs as its
-   implementation detail, except for "git reset", to emit messages;
-   now "git reset" part has also been squelched.
-
- * "git ls-tree" learns "--oid-only" option, similar to "--name-only",
-   and more generalized "--format" option.
-
- * "git fetch --refetch" learned to fetch everything without telling
-   the other side what we already have, which is useful when you
-   cannot trust what you have in the local object store.
-
- * "git branch" gives hint when branch tracking cannot be established
-   because fetch refspecs from multiple remote repositories overlap.
-
- * "git worktree list --porcelain" did not c-quote pathnames and lock
-   reasons with unsafe bytes correctly, which is worked around by
-   introducing NUL terminated output format with "-z".
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * "git apply" (ab)used the util pointer of the string-list to keep
-   track of how each symbolic link needs to be handled, which has been
-   simplified by using strset.
-
- * Fix a hand-rolled alloca() imitation that may have violated
-   alignment requirement of data being sorted in compatibility
-   implementation of qsort_s() and stable qsort().
-
- * Use the parse-options API in "git reflog" command.
-
- * The conditional inclusion mechanism of configuration files using
-   "[includeIf <condition>]" learns to base its decision on the
-   URL of the remote repository the repository interacts with.
-   (merge 399b198489 jt/conditional-config-on-remote-url later to maint).
-
- * "git name-rev --stdin" does not behave like usual "--stdin" at
-   all.  Start the process of renaming it to "--annotate-stdin".
-   (merge a2585719b3 jc/name-rev-stdin later to maint).
-
- * "git update-index", "git checkout-index", and "git clean" are
-   taught to work better with the sparse checkout feature.
-
- * Use an internal call to reset_head() helper function instead of
-   spawning "git checkout" in "rebase", and update code paths that are
-   involved in the change.
-
- * Messages "ort" merge backend prepares while dealing with conflicted
-   paths were unnecessarily confusing since it did not differentiate
-   inner merges and outer merges.
-
- * Small modernization of the rerere-train script (in contrib/).
-
- * Use designated initializers we started using in mid 2017 in more
-   parts of the codebase that are relatively quiescent.
-
- * Improve failure case behaviour of xdiff library when memory
-   allocation fails.
-
- * General clean-up in reftable implementation, including
-   clarification of the API documentation, tightening the code to
-   honor documented length limit, etc.
-
- * Remove the escape hatch we added when we introduced the weather
-   balloon to use variadic macros unconditionally, to make it official
-   that we now have a hard dependency on the feature.
-
- * Makefile refactoring with a bit of suffixes rule stripping to
-   optimize the runtime overhead.
-
- * "git stash drop" is reimplemented as an internal call to
-   reflog_delete() function, instead of invoking "git reflog delete"
-   via run_command() API.
-
- * Count string_list items in size_t, not "unsigned int".
-
- * The single-key interactive operation used by "git add -p" has been
-   made more robust.
-
- * Remove unneeded <meta http-equiv=content-type...> from gitweb
-   output.
-
- * "git name-rev" learned to use the generation numbers when setting
-   the lower bound of searching commits used to explain the revision,
-   when available, instead of committer time.
-
- * Replace core.fsyncObjectFiles with two new configuration variables,
-   core.fsync and core.fsyncMethod.
-
- * Updates to refs traditionally weren't fsync'ed, but we can
-   configure using core.fsync variable to do so.
-
- * "git reflog" command now uses parse-options API to parse its
-   command line options.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.35
------------------
-
- * "rebase" and "stash" in secondary worktrees are broken in
-   Git 2.35.0, which has been corrected.
-
- * "git pull --rebase" ignored the rebase.autostash configuration
-   variable when the remote history is a descendant of our history,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 3013d98d7a pb/pull-rebase-autostash-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git update-index --refresh" has been taught to deal better with
-   racy timestamps (just like "git status" already does).
-   (merge 2ede073fd2 ms/update-index-racy later to maint).
-
- * Avoid tests that are run under GIT_TRACE2 set from failing
-   unnecessarily.
-   (merge 944d808e42 js/test-unset-trace2-parents later to maint).
-
- * The merge-ort misbehaved when merge.renameLimit configuration is
-   set too low and failed to find all renames.
-   (merge 9ae39fef7f en/merge-ort-restart-optim-fix later to maint).
-
- * We explain that revs come first before the pathspec among command
-   line arguments, but did not spell out that dashed options come
-   before other args, which has been corrected.
-   (merge c11f95010c tl/doc-cli-options-first later to maint).
-
- * "git add -p" rewritten in C regressed hunk splitting in some cases,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 7008ddc645 pw/add-p-hunk-split-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch --negotiate-only" is an internal command used by "git
-   push" to figure out which part of our history is missing from the
-   other side.  It should never recurse into submodules even when
-   fetch.recursesubmodules configuration variable is set, nor it
-   should trigger "gc".  The code has been tightened up to ensure it
-   only does common ancestry discovery and nothing else.
-   (merge de4eaae63a gc/fetch-negotiate-only-early-return later to maint).
-
- * The code path that verifies signatures made with ssh were made to
-   work better on a system with CRLF line endings.
-   (merge caeef01ea7 fs/ssh-signing-crlf later to maint).
-
- * "git sparse-checkout init" failed to write into $GIT_DIR/info
-   directory when the repository was created without one, which has
-   been corrected to auto-create it.
-   (merge 7f44842ac1 jt/sparse-checkout-leading-dir-fix later to maint).
-
- * Cloning from a repository that does not yet have any branches or
-   tags but has other refs resulted in a "remote transport reported
-   error", which has been corrected.
-   (merge dccea605b6 jt/clone-not-quite-empty later to maint).
-
- * Mark in various places in the code that the sparse index and the
-   split index features are mutually incompatible.
-   (merge 451b66c533 js/sparse-vs-split-index later to maint).
-
- * Update the logic to compute alignment requirement for our mem-pool.
-   (merge e38bcc66d8 jc/mem-pool-alignment later to maint).
-
- * Pick a better random number generator and use it when we prepare
-   temporary filenames.
-   (merge 47efda967c bc/csprng-mktemps later to maint).
-
- * Update the contributor-facing documents on proposed log messages.
-   (merge cdba0295b0 jc/doc-log-messages later to maint).
-
- * When "git fetch --prune" failed to prune the refs it wanted to
-   prune, the command issued error messages but exited with exit
-   status 0, which has been corrected.
-   (merge c9e04d905e tg/fetch-prune-exit-code-fix later to maint).
-
- * Problems identified by Coverity in the reftable code have been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 01033de49f hn/reftable-coverity-fixes later to maint).
-
- * A bug that made multi-pack bitmap and the object order out-of-sync,
-   making the .midx data corrupt, has been fixed.
-   (merge f8b60cf99b tb/midx-bitmap-corruption-fix later to maint).
-
- * The build procedure has been taught to notice older version of zlib
-   and enable our replacement uncompress2() automatically.
-   (merge 07564773c2 ab/auto-detect-zlib-compress2 later to maint).
-
- * Interaction between fetch.negotiationAlgorithm and
-   feature.experimental configuration variables has been corrected.
-   (merge 714edc620c en/fetch-negotiation-default-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git diff --diff-filter=aR" is now parsed correctly.
-   (merge 75408ca949 js/diff-filter-negation-fix later to maint).
-
- * When "git subtree" wants to create a merge, it used "git merge" and
-   let it be affected by end-user's "merge.ff" configuration, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 9158a3564a tk/subtree-merge-not-ff-only later to maint).
-
- * Unlike "git apply", "git patch-id" did not handle patches with
-   hunks that has only 1 line in either preimage or postimage, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge 757e75c81e jz/patch-id-hunk-header-parsing-fix later to maint).
-
- * "receive-pack" checks if it will do any ref updates (various
-   conditions could reject a push) before received objects are taken
-   out of the temporary directory used for quarantine purposes, so
-   that a push that is known-to-fail will not leave crufts that a
-   future "gc" needs to clean up.
-   (merge 5407764069 cb/clear-quarantine-early-on-all-ref-update-errors later to maint).
-
- * When there is no object to write .bitmap file for, "git
-   multi-pack-index" triggered an error, instead of just skipping,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge eb57277ba3 tb/midx-no-bitmap-for-no-objects later to maint).
-
- * "git cmd -h" outside a repository should error out cleanly for many
-   commands, but instead it hit a BUG(), which has been corrected.
-   (merge 87ad07d735 js/short-help-outside-repo-fix later to maint).
-
- * "working tree" and "per-worktree ref" were in glossary, but
-   "worktree" itself wasn't, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 2df5387ed0 jc/glossary-worktree later to maint).
-
- * L10n support for a few error messages.
-   (merge 3d3c23b3a7 bs/forbid-i18n-of-protocol-token-in-fetch-pack later to maint).
-
- * Test modernization.
-   (merge d4fe066e4b sy/t0001-use-path-is-helper later to maint).
-
- * "git log --graph --graph" used to leak a graph structure, and there
-   was no way to countermand "--graph" that appear earlier on the
-   command line.  A "--no-graph" option has been added and resource
-   leakage has been plugged.
-
- * Error output given in response to an ambiguous object name has been
-   improved.
-   (merge 3a73c1dfaf ab/ambiguous-object-name later to maint).
-
- * "git sparse-checkout" wants to work with per-worktree configuration,
-   but did not work well in a worktree attached to a bare repository.
-   (merge 3ce1138272 ds/sparse-checkout-requires-per-worktree-config later to maint).
-
- * Setting core.untrackedCache to true failed to add the untracked
-   cache extension to the index.
-
- * Workaround we have for versions of PCRE2 before their version 10.36
-   were in effect only for their versions newer than 10.36 by mistake,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 97169fc361 rs/pcre-invalid-utf8-fix-fix later to maint).
-
- * Document Taylor as a new member of Git PLC at SFC.  Welcome.
-   (merge e8d56ca863 tb/coc-plc-update later to maint).
-
- * "git checkout -b branch/with/multi/level/name && git stash" only
-   recorded the last level component of the branch name, which has
-   been corrected.
-
- * Check the return value from parse_tree_indirect() to turn segfaults
-   into calls to die().
-   (merge 8d2eaf649a gc/parse-tree-indirect-errors later to maint).
-
- * Newer version of GPGSM changed its output in a backward
-   incompatible way to break our code that parses its output.  It also
-   added more processes our tests need to kill when cleaning up.
-   Adjustments have been made to accommodate these changes.
-   (merge b0b70d54c4 fs/gpgsm-update later to maint).
-
- * The untracked cache newly computed weren't written back to the
-   on-disk index file when there is no other change to the index,
-   which has been corrected.
-
- * "git config -h" did not describe the "--type" option correctly.
-   (merge 5445124fad mf/fix-type-in-config-h later to maint).
-
- * The way generation number v2 in the commit-graph files are
-   (not) handled has been corrected.
-   (merge 6dbf4b8172 ds/commit-graph-gen-v2-fixes later to maint).
-
- * The method to trigger malloc check used in our tests no longer work
-   with newer versions of glibc.
-   (merge baedc59543 ep/test-malloc-check-with-glibc-2.34 later to maint).
-
- * When "git fetch --recurse-submodules" grabbed submodule commits
-   that would be needed to recursively check out newly fetched commits
-   in the superproject, it only paid attention to submodules that are
-   in the current checkout of the superproject.  We now do so for all
-   submodules that have been run "git submodule init" on.
-
- * "git rebase $base $non_branch_commit", when $base is an ancestor or
-   the $non_branch_commit, modified the current branch, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * When "shallow" information is updated, we forgot to update the
-   in-core equivalent, which has been corrected.
-
- * When creating a loose object file, we didn't report the exact
-   filename of the file we failed to fsync, even though the
-   information was readily available, which has been corrected.
-
- * "git am" can read from the standard input when no mailbox is given
-   on the command line, but the end-user gets no indication when it
-   happens, making Git appear stuck.
-   (merge 7b20af6a06 jc/mailsplit-warn-on-tty later to maint).
-
- * "git mv" failed to refresh the cached stat information for the
-   entry it moved.
-   (merge b7f9130a06 vd/mv-refresh-stat later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge cfc5cf428b jc/find-header later to maint).
-   (merge 40e7cfdd46 jh/p4-fix-use-of-process-error-exception later to maint).
-   (merge 727e6ea350 jh/p4-spawning-external-commands-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 0a6adc26e2 rs/grep-expr-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 4ed7dfa713 po/readme-mention-contributor-hints later to maint).
-   (merge 6046f7a91c en/plug-leaks-in-merge later to maint).
-   (merge 8c591dbfce bc/clarify-eol-attr later to maint).
-   (merge 518e15db74 rs/parse-options-lithelp-help later to maint).
-   (merge cbac0076ef gh/doc-typos later to maint).
-   (merge ce14de03db ab/no-errno-from-resolve-ref-unsafe later to maint).
-   (merge 2826ffad8c rc/negotiate-only-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 0f03f04c5c en/sparse-checkout-leakfix later to maint).
-   (merge 74f3390dde sy/diff-usage-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge 45d0212a71 ll/doc-mktree-typofix later to maint).
-   (merge e9b272e4c1 js/no-more-legacy-stash later to maint).
-   (merge 6798b08e84 ab/do-not-hide-failures-in-git-dot-pm later to maint).
-   (merge 9325285df4 po/doc-check-ignore-markup-fix later to maint).
-   (merge cd26cd6c7c sy/modernize-t-lib-read-tree-m-3way later to maint).
-   (merge d17294a05e ab/hash-object-leakfix later to maint).
-   (merge b8403129d3 jd/t0015-modernize later to maint).
-   (merge 332acc248d ds/mailmap later to maint).
-   (merge 04bf052eef ab/grep-patterntype later to maint).
-   (merge 6ee36364eb ab/diff-free-more later to maint).
-   (merge 63a36017fe nj/read-tree-doc-reffix later to maint).
-   (merge eed36fce38 sm/no-git-in-upstream-of-pipe-in-tests later to maint).
-   (merge c614beb933 ep/t6423-modernize later to maint).
-   (merge 57be9c6dee ab/reflog-prep-fix later to maint).
-   (merge 5327d8982a js/in-place-reverse-in-sequencer later to maint).
-   (merge 2e2c0be51e dp/worktree-repair-in-usage later to maint).
-   (merge 6563706568 jc/coding-guidelines-decl-in-for-loop later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.1.txt

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.36.1 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-Fixes since v2.36
------------------
-
- * "git submodule update" without pathspec should silently skip an
-   uninitialized submodule, but it started to become noisy by mistake.
-
- * "diff-tree --stdin" has been broken for about a year, but 2.36
-   release broke it even worse by breaking running the command with
-   <pathspec>, which in turn broke "gitk" and got noticed.  This has
-   been corrected by aligning its behaviour to that of "log".
-
- * Regression fix for 2.36 where "git name-rev" started to sometimes
-   reference strings after they are freed.
-
- * "git show <commit1> <commit2>... -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec
-   when showing the second and subsequent commits, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * "git fast-export -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec when showing the
-   second and subsequent commits, which has been corrected.
-
- * "git format-patch <args> -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec when
-   showing the second and subsequent commits, which has been
-   corrected.
-
- * Get rid of a bogus and over-eager coccinelle rule.
-
- * Correct choices of C compilers used in various CI jobs.
-
-Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.36.2.txt

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.36.2 Release Notes
-=========================
-
-This maintenance release is primarily to merge down updates to the
-build and CI procedures from the 'master' front, in order to ensure
-that we can cut healthy maintenance releases in the future.  It also
-contains a handful of small and trivially-correct bugfixes.
-
-Fixes since v2.36.1
--------------------
-
- * Fixes real problems noticed by gcc 12 and works around false
-   positives.
-
- * Update URL to the gitk repository.
-
- * The "--current" option of "git show-branch" should have been made
-   incompatible with the "--reflog" mode, but this was not enforced,
-   which has been corrected.
-
- * "git archive --add-file=<path>" picked up the raw permission bits
-   from the path and propagated to zip output in some cases, without
-   normalization, which has been corrected (tar output did not have
-   this issue).
-
- * A bit of test framework fixes with a few fixes to issues found by
-   valgrind.
-
- * macOS CI jobs have been occasionally flaky due to tentative version
-   skew between perforce and the homebrew packager.  Instead of
-   failing the whole CI job, just let it skip the p4 tests when this
-   happens.
-
- * The commit summary shown after making a commit is matched to what
-   is given in "git status" not to use the break-rewrite heuristics.
-
- * Avoid problems from interaction between malloc_check and address
-   sanitizer.
-
- * "git rebase --keep-base <upstream> <branch-to-rebase>" computed the
-   commit to rebase onto incorrectly, which has been corrected.
-
- * The path taken by "git multi-pack-index" command from the end user
-   was compared with path internally prepared by the tool withut first
-   normalizing, which lead to duplicated paths not being noticed,
-   which has been corrected.
-
- * "git clone --origin X" leaked piece of memory that held value read
-   from the clone.defaultRemoteName configuration variable, which has
-   been plugged.

Documentation/RelNotes/2.37.0.txt

@@ -1,322 +0,0 @@
-Git v2.37 Release Notes
-=======================
-
-UI, Workflows & Features
-
- * "vimdiff[123]" mergetool drivers have been reimplemented with a
-   more generic layout mechanism.
-
- * "git -v" and "git -h" are now understood as "git --version" and
-   "git --help".
-
- * The temporary files fed to external diff command are now generated
-   inside a new temporary directory under the same basename.
-
- * "git log --since=X" will stop traversal upon seeing a commit that
-   is older than X, but there may be commits behind it that is younger
-   than X when the commit was created with a faulty clock.  A new
-   option is added to keep digging without stopping, and instead
-   filter out commits with timestamp older than X.
-
- * "git -c branch.autosetupmerge=simple branch $A $B" will set the $B
-   as $A's upstream only when $A and $B shares the same name, and "git
-   -c push.default=simple" on branch $A would push to update the
-   branch $A at the remote $B came from.  Also more places use the
-   sole remote, if exists, before defaulting to 'origin'.
-
- * A new doc has been added that lists tips for tools to work with
-   Git's codebase.
-
- * "git remote -v" now shows the list-objects-filter used during
-   fetching from the remote, if available.
-
- * With the new http.curloptResolve configuration, the CURLOPT_RESOLVE
-   mechanism that allows cURL based applications to use pre-resolved
-   IP addresses for the requests is exposed to the scripts.
-
- * "git add -i" was rewritten in C some time ago and has been in
-   testing; the reimplementation is now exposed to general public by
-   default.
-
- * Deprecate non-cone mode of the sparse-checkout feature.
-
- * Introduce a filesystem-dependent mechanism to optimize the way the
-   bits for many loose object files are ensured to hit the disk
-   platter.
-
- * The "do not remove the directory the user started Git in" logic,
-   when Git cannot tell where that directory is, is disabled.  Earlier
-   we refused to run in such a case.
-
- * A mechanism to pack unreachable objects into a "cruft pack",
-   instead of ejecting them into loose form to be reclaimed later, has
-   been introduced.
-
- * Update the doctype written in gitweb output to xhtml5.
-
- * The "fetch.credentialsInUrl" configuration variable controls what
-   happens when a URL with embedded login credential is used.
-
-
-Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
-
- * The performance of the "untracked cache" feature has been improved
-   when "--untracked-files=<mode>" and "status.showUntrackedFiles"
-   are combined.
-
- * "git stash" works better with sparse index entries.
-
- * "git show :<path>" learned to work better with the sparse-index
-   feature.
-
- * Introduce and apply coccinelle rule to discourage an explicit
-   comparison between a pointer and NULL, and applies the clean-up to
-   the maintenance track.
-
- * Preliminary code refactoring around transport and bundle code.
-
- * "sparse-checkout" learns to work better with the sparse-index
-   feature.
-
- * A workflow change for translators are being proposed.  git.pot is
-   no longer version controlled and it is local responsibility of
-   translaters to generate it.
-
- * Plug the memory leaks from the trickiest API of all, the revision
-   walker.
-
- * Rename .env_array member to .env in the child_process structure.
-
- * More fsmonitor--daemon.
-
- * A new bug() and BUG_if_bug() API is introduced to make it easier to
-   uniformly log "detect multiple bugs and abort in the end" pattern.
-
-
-Fixes since v2.36
------------------
-
- * "git submodule update" without pathspec should silently skip an
-   uninitialized submodule, but it started to become noisy by mistake.
-   (merge 4f1ccef87c gc/submodule-update-part2 later to maint).
-
- * "diff-tree --stdin" has been broken for about a year, but 2.36
-   release broke it even worse by breaking running the command with
-   <pathspec>, which in turn broke "gitk" and got noticed.  This has
-   been corrected by aligning its behaviour to that of "log".
-   (merge f8781bfda3 jc/diff-tree-stdin-fix later to maint).
-
- * Regression fix for 2.36 where "git name-rev" started to sometimes
-   reference strings after they are freed.
-   (merge 45a14f578e rs/name-rev-fix-free-after-use later to maint).
-
- * "git show <commit1> <commit2>... -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec
-   when showing the second and subsequent commits, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 5cdb38458e jc/show-pathspec-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git fast-export -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec when showing the
-   second and subsequent commits, which has been corrected.
-   (merge d1c25272f5 rs/fast-export-pathspec-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git format-patch <args> -- <pathspec>" lost the pathspec when
-   showing the second and subsequent commits, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 91f8f7e46f rs/format-patch-pathspec-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git clone --origin X" leaked piece of memory that held value read
-   from the clone.defaultRemoteName configuration variable, which has
-   been plugged.
-   (merge 6dfadc8981 jc/clone-remote-name-leak-fix later to maint).
-
- * Get rid of a bogus and over-eager coccinelle rule.
-   (merge 08bdd3a185 jc/cocci-xstrdup-or-null-fix later to maint).
-
- * The path taken by "git multi-pack-index" command from the end user
-   was compared with path internally prepared by the tool withut first
-   normalizing, which lead to duplicated paths not being noticed,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 11f9e8de3d ds/midx-normalize-pathname-before-comparison later to maint).
-
- * Correct choices of C compilers used in various CI jobs.
-   (merge 3506cae04f ab/cc-package-fixes later to maint).
-
- * Various cleanups to "git p4".
-   (merge 4ff0108d9e jh/p4-various-fixups later to maint).
-
- * The progress meter of "git blame" was showing incorrect numbers
-   when processing only parts of the file.
-   (merge e5f5d7d42e ea/progress-partial-blame later to maint).
-
- * "git rebase --keep-base <upstream> <branch-to-rebase>" computed the
-   commit to rebase onto incorrectly, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 9e5ebe9668 ah/rebase-keep-base-fix later to maint).
-
- * Fix a leak of FILE * in an error codepath.
-   (merge c0befa0c03 kt/commit-graph-plug-fp-leak-on-error later to maint).
-
- * Avoid problems from interaction between malloc_check and address
-   sanitizer.
-   (merge 067109a5e7 pw/test-malloc-with-sanitize-address later to maint).
-
- * The commit summary shown after making a commit is matched to what
-   is given in "git status" not to use the break-rewrite heuristics.
-   (merge 84792322ed rs/commit-summary-wo-break-rewrite later to maint).
-
- * Update a few end-user facing messages around eol conversion.
-   (merge c970d30c2c ah/convert-warning-message later to maint).
-
- * Trace2 documentation updates.
-   (merge a6c80c313c js/trace2-doc-fixes later to maint).
-
- * Build procedure fixup.
-   (merge 1fbfd96f50 mg/detect-compiler-in-c-locale later to maint).
-
- * "git pull" without "--recurse-submodules=<arg>" made
-   submodule.recurse take precedence over fetch.recurseSubmodules by
-   mistake, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 5819417365 gc/pull-recurse-submodules later to maint).
-
- * "git bisect" was too silent before it is ready to start computing
-   the actual bisection, which has been corrected.
-   (merge f11046e6de cd/bisect-messages-from-pre-flight-states later to maint).
-
- * macOS CI jobs have been occasionally flaky due to tentative version
-   skew between perforce and the homebrew packager.  Instead of
-   failing the whole CI job, just let it skip the p4 tests when this
-   happens.
-   (merge f15e00b463 cb/ci-make-p4-optional later to maint).
-
- * A bit of test framework fixes with a few fixes to issues found by
-   valgrind.
-   (merge 7c898554d7 ab/valgrind-fixes later to maint).
-
- * "git archive --add-file=<path>" picked up the raw permission bits
-   from the path and propagated to zip output in some cases, without
-   normalization, which has been corrected (tar output did not have
-   this issue).
-   (merge 6a61661967 jc/archive-add-file-normalize-mode later to maint).
-
- * "make coverage-report" without first running "make coverage" did
-   not produce any meaningful result, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 96ddfecc5b ep/coverage-report-wants-test-to-have-run later to maint).
-
- * The "--current" option of "git show-branch" should have been made
-   incompatible with the "--reflog" mode, but this was not enforced,
-   which has been corrected.
-   (merge 41c64ae0e7 jc/show-branch-g-current later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch" unnecessarily failed when an unexpected optional
-   section appeared in the output, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 7709acf7be jt/fetch-peek-optional-section later to maint).
-
- * The way "git fetch" without "--update-head-ok" ensures that HEAD in
-   no worktree points at any ref being updated was too wasteful, which
-   has been optimized a bit.
-   (merge f7400da800 os/fetch-check-not-current-branch later to maint).
-
- * "git fetch --recurse-submodules" from multiple remotes (either from
-   a remote group, or "--all") used to make one extra "git fetch" in
-   the submodules, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 0353c68818 jc/avoid-redundant-submodule-fetch later to maint).
-
- * With a recent update to refuse access to repositories of other
-   people by default, "sudo make install" and "sudo git describe"
-   stopped working.  This series intends to loosen it while keeping
-   the safety.
-   (merge b9063afda1 cb/path-owner-check-with-sudo later to maint).
-
- * The tests that ensured merges stop when interfering local changes
-   are present did not make sure that local changes are preserved; now
-   they do.
-   (merge 4b317450ce jc/t6424-failing-merge-preserve-local-changes later to maint).
-
- * Some real problems noticed by gcc 12 have been fixed, while false
-   positives have been worked around.
-
- * Update the version of FreeBSD image used in Cirrus CI.
-   (merge c58bebd4c6 pb/use-freebsd-12.3-in-cirrus-ci later to maint).
-
- * The multi-pack-index code did not protect the packfile it is going
-   to depend on from getting removed while in use, which has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 4090511e40 tb/midx-race-in-pack-objects later to maint).
-
- * Teach "git repack --geometric" work better with "--keep-pack" and
-   avoid corrupting the repository when packsize limit is used.
-   (merge 66731ff921 tb/geom-repack-with-keep-and-max later to maint).
-
- * The documentation on the interaction between "--add-file" and
-   "--prefix" options of "git archive" has been improved.
-   (merge a75910602a rs/document-archive-prefix later to maint).
-
- * A git subcommand like "git add -p" spawns a separate git process
-   while relaying its command line arguments.  A pathspec with only
-   negative elements was mistakenly passed with an empty string, which
-   has been corrected.
-   (merge b02fdbc80a jc/all-negative-pathspec later to maint).
-
- * With a more targetted workaround in http.c in another topic, we may
-   be able to lift this blanket "GCC12 dangling-pointer warning is
-   broken and unsalvageable" workaround.
-   (merge 419141e495 cb/buggy-gcc-12-workaround later to maint).
-
- * A misconfigured 'branch..remote' led to a bug in configuration
-   parsing.
-   (merge f1dfbd9ee0 gc/zero-length-branch-config-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git -c diff.submodule=log range-diff" did not show anything for
-   submodules that changed in the ranges being compared, and
-   "git -c diff.submodule=diff range-diff" did not work correctly.
-   Fix this by including the "--submodule=short" output
-   unconditionally to be compared.
-
- * In Git 2.36 we revamped the way how hooks are invoked.  One change
-   that is end-user visible is that the output of a hook is no longer
-   directly connected to the standard output of "git" that spawns the
-   hook, which was noticed post release.  This is getting corrected.
-   (merge a082345372 ab/hooks-regression-fix later to maint).
-
- * Updating the graft information invalidates the list of parents of
-   in-core commit objects that used to be in the graft file.
-
- * "git show-ref --heads" (and "--tags") still iterated over all the
-   refs only to discard refs outside the specified area, which has
-   been corrected.
-   (merge c0c9d35e27 tb/show-ref-optim later to maint).
-
- * Remove redundant copying (with index v3 and older) or possible
-   over-reading beyond end of mmapped memory (with index v4) has been
-   corrected.
-   (merge 6d858341d2 zh/read-cache-copy-name-entry-fix later to maint).
-
- * Sample watchman interface hook sometimes failed to produce
-   correctly formatted JSON message, which has been corrected.
-   (merge 134047b500 sn/fsmonitor-missing-clock later to maint).
-
- * Use-after-free (with another forget-to-free) fix.
-   (merge 323822c72b ab/remote-free-fix later to maint).
-
- * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
-   (merge e6b2582da3 cm/reftable-0-length-memset later to maint).
-   (merge 0b75e5bf22 ab/misc-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 52e1ab8a76 ea/rebase-code-simplify later to maint).
-   (merge 756d15923b sg/safe-directory-tests-and-docs later to maint).
-   (merge d097a23bfa ds/do-not-call-bug-on-bad-refs later to maint).
-   (merge c36c27e75c rs/t7812-pcre2-ws-bug-test later to maint).
-   (merge 1da312742d gf/unused-includes later to maint).
-   (merge 465b30a92d pb/submodule-recurse-mode-enum later to maint).
-   (merge 82b28c4ed8 km/t3501-use-test-helpers later to maint).
-   (merge 72315e431b sa/t1011-use-helpers later to maint).
-   (merge 95b3002201 cg/vscode-with-gdb later to maint).
-   (merge fbe5f6b804 tk/p4-utf8-bom later to maint).
-   (merge 17f273ffba tk/p4-with-explicity-sync later to maint).
-   (merge 944db25c60 kf/p4-multiple-remotes later to maint).
-   (merge b014cee8de jc/update-ozlabs-url later to maint).
-   (merge 4ec5008062 pb/ggg-in-mfc-doc later to maint).
-   (merge af845a604d tb/receive-pack-code-cleanup later to maint).
-   (merge 2acf4cf001 js/ci-gcc-12-fixes later to maint).
-   (merge 05e280c0a6 jc/http-clear-finished-pointer later to maint).
-   (merge 8c49d704ef fh/transport-push-leakfix later to maint).
-   (merge 1d232d38bd tl/ls-tree-oid-only later to maint).
-   (merge db7961e6a6 gc/document-config-worktree-scope later to maint).

Documentation/RelNotes/2.8.0.txt

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ notes for details).
    on that order.
 
  * "git show 'HEAD:Foo[BAR]Baz'" did not interpret the argument as a
-   rev, i.e. the object named by the pathname with wildcard
+   rev, i.e. the object named by the the pathname with wildcard
    characters in a tree object.
    (merge aac4fac nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs later to maint).
 

Documentation/SubmittingPatches

@@ -19,10 +19,8 @@ change is relevant to.
   base your work on the tip of the topic.
 
 * A new feature should be based on `master` in general. If the new
-  feature depends on other topics that are in `next`, but not in
-  `master`, fork a branch from the tip of `master`, merge these topics
-  to the branch, and work on that branch.  You can remind yourself of
-  how you prepared the base with `git log --first-parent master..`.
+  feature depends on a topic that is in `seen`, but not in `master`,
+  base your work on the tip of that topic.
 
 * Corrections and enhancements to a topic not yet in `master` should
   be based on the tip of that topic. If the topic has not been merged
@@ -30,10 +28,10 @@ change is relevant to.
   into the series.
 
 * In the exceptional case that a new feature depends on several topics
-  not in `master`, start working on `next` or `seen` privately and
-  send out patches only for discussion. Once your new feature starts
-  to stabilize, you would have to rebase it (see the "depends on other
-  topics" above).
+  not in `master`, start working on `next` or `seen` privately and send
+  out patches for discussion. Before the final merge, you may have to
+  wait until some of the dependent topics graduate to `master`, and
+  rebase your work.
 
 * Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
   repositories (see the section "Subsystems" below).  Changes to
@@ -73,17 +71,13 @@ Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing.  See
 [[tests]]
 When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
 the feature triggers the new behavior when it should, and to show the
-feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  After any code change,
-make sure that the entire test suite passes.  When fixing a bug, make
-sure you have new tests that break if somebody else breaks what you
-fixed by accident to avoid regression.  Also, try merging your work to
-'next' and 'seen' and make sure the tests still pass; topics by others
-that are still in flight may have unexpected interactions with what
-you are trying to do in your topic.
+feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  After any code change, make
+sure that the entire test suite passes.
 
-Pushing to a fork of https://github.com/git/git will use their CI
-integration to test your changes on Linux, Mac and Windows. See the
-<<GHCI,GitHub CI>> section for details.
+If you have an account at GitHub (and you can get one for free to work
+on open source projects), you can use their Travis CI integration to
+test your changes on Linux, Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  See
+GitHub-Travis CI hints section for details.
 
 Do not forget to update the documentation to describe the updated
 behavior and make sure that the resulting documentation set formats
@@ -110,35 +104,6 @@ run `git diff --check` on your changes before you commit.
 [[describe-changes]]
 === Describe your changes well.
 
-The log message that explains your changes is just as important as the
-changes themselves.  Your code may be clearly written with in-code
-comment to sufficiently explain how it works with the surrounding
-code, but those who need to fix or enhance your code in the future
-will need to know _why_ your code does what it does, for a few
-reasons:
-
-. Your code may be doing something differently from what you wanted it
-  to do.  Writing down what you actually wanted to achieve will help
-  them fix your code and make it do what it should have been doing
-  (also, you often discover your own bugs yourself, while writing the
-  log message to summarize the thought behind it).
-
-. Your code may be doing things that were only necessary for your
-  immediate needs (e.g. "do X to directories" without implementing or
-  even designing what is to be done on files).  Writing down why you
-  excluded what the code does not do will help guide future developers.
-  Writing down "we do X to directories, because directories have
-  characteristic Y" would help them infer "oh, files also have the same
-  characteristic Y, so perhaps doing X to them would also make sense?".
-  Saying "we don't do the same X to files, because ..." will help them
-  decide if the reasoning is sound (in which case they do not waste
-  time extending your code to cover files), or reason differently (in
-  which case, they can explain why they extend your code to cover
-  files, too).
-
-The goal of your log message is to convey the _why_ behind your
-change to help future developers.
-
 The first line of the commit message should be a short description (50
 characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in linkgit:git-commit[1]),
 and should skip the full stop.  It is also conventional in most cases to
@@ -152,13 +117,10 @@ If in doubt which identifier to use, run `git log --no-merges` on the
 files you are modifying to see the current conventions.
 
 [[summary-section]]
-The title sentence after the "area:" prefix omits the full stop at the
-end, and its first word is not capitalized unless there is a reason to
-capitalize it other than because it is the first word in the sentence.
-E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc: Clarify...", or "githooks.txt:
-improve...", not "githooks.txt: Improve...".  But "refs: HEAD is also
-treated as a ref" is correct, as we spell `HEAD` in all caps even when
-it appears in the middle of a sentence.
+It's customary to start the remainder of the first line after "area: "
+with a lower-case letter. E.g. "doc: clarify...", not "doc:
+Clarify...", or "githooks.txt: improve...", not "githooks.txt:
+Improve...".
 
 [[meaningful-message]]
 The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
@@ -171,13 +133,6 @@ The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
 
 . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
 
-[[present-tense]]
-The problem statement that describes the status quo is written in the
-present tense.  Write "The code does X when it is given input Y",
-instead of "The code used to do Y when given input X".  You do not
-have to say "Currently"---the status quo in the problem statement is
-about the code _without_ your change, by project convention.
-
 [[imperative-mood]]
 Describe your changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
 instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed xyzzy
@@ -187,21 +142,8 @@ without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
 archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
 
 [[commit-reference]]
-
-There are a few reasons why you may want to refer to another commit in
-the "more stable" part of the history (i.e. on branches like `maint`,
-`master`, and `next`):
-
-. A commit that introduced the root cause of a bug you are fixing.
-
-. A commit that introduced a feature that you are enhancing.
-
-. A commit that conflicts with your work when you made a trial merge
-  of your work into `next` and `seen` for testing.
-
-When you reference a commit on a more stable branch (like `master`,
-`maint` and `next`), use the format "abbreviated hash (subject,
-date)", like this:
+If you want to reference a previous commit in the history of a stable
+branch, use the format "abbreviated hash (subject, date)", like this:
 
 ....
 	Commit f86a374 (pack-bitmap.c: fix a memleak, 2015-03-30)
@@ -222,85 +164,6 @@ or, on an older version of Git without support for --pretty=reference:
 	git show -s --date=short --pretty='format:%h (%s, %ad)' <commit>
 ....
 
-[[sign-off]]
-=== Certify your work by adding your `Signed-off-by` trailer
-
-To improve tracking of who did what, we ask you to certify that you
-wrote the patch or have the right to pass it on under the same license
-as ours, by "signing off" your patch.  Without sign-off, we cannot
-accept your patches.
-
-If (and only if) you certify the below D-C-O:
-
-[[dco]]
-.Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
-____
-By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
-
-a. The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
-   have the right to submit it under the open source license
-   indicated in the file; or
-
-b. The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
-   of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
-   license and I have the right under that license to submit that
-   work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
-   by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
-   permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
-   in the file; or
-
-c. The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
-   person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
-   it.
-
-d. I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
-   are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
-   personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
-   maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
-   this project or the open source license(s) involved.
-____
-
-you add a "Signed-off-by" trailer to your commit, that looks like
-this:
-
-....
-	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
-....
-
-This line can be added by Git if you run the git-commit command with
-the -s option.
-
-Notice that you can place your own `Signed-off-by` trailer when
-forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
-D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
-place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
-the change to its true author (see (2) above).
-
-This procedure originally came from the Linux kernel project, so our
-rule is quite similar to theirs, but what exactly it means to sign-off
-your patch differs from project to project, so it may be different
-from that of the project you are accustomed to.
-
-[[real-name]]
-Also notice that a real name is used in the `Signed-off-by` trailer. Please
-don't hide your real name.
-
-[[commit-trailers]]
-If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
-
-. `Reported-by:` is used to credit someone who found the bug that
-  the patch attempts to fix.
-. `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
-  the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
-. `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
-  reviewers themselves when they are completely satisfied with the
-  patch after a detailed analysis.
-. `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
-  and found it to have the desired effect.
-
-You can also create your own tag or use one that's in common usage
-such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
-
 [[git-tools]]
 === Generate your patch using Git tools out of your commits.
 
@@ -315,11 +178,9 @@ Please make sure your patch does not add commented out debugging code,
 or include any extra files which do not relate to what your patch
 is trying to achieve. Make sure to review
 your patch after generating it, to ensure accuracy.  Before
-sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the base you
-have chosen in the "Decide what to base your work on" section,
-and unless it targets the `master` branch (which is the default),
-mark your patches as such.
-
+sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the `master`
+branch head.  If you are preparing a work based on "next" branch,
+that is fine, but please mark it as such.
 
 [[send-patches]]
 === Sending your patches.
@@ -423,10 +284,7 @@ Security mailing list{security-ml-ref}.
 Send your patch with "To:" set to the mailing list, with "cc:" listing
 people who are involved in the area you are touching (the `git
 contacts` command in `contrib/contacts/` can help to
-identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.  Also, when you made
-trial merges of your topic to `next` and `seen`, you may have noticed
-work by others conflicting with your changes.  There is a good possibility
-that these people may know the area you are touching well.
+identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.
 
 :current-maintainer: footnote:[The current maintainer: gitster@pobox.com]
 :git-ml: footnote:[The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org]
@@ -441,6 +299,86 @@ Do not forget to add trailers such as `Acked-by:`, `Reviewed-by:` and
 `Tested-by:` lines as necessary to credit people who helped your
 patch, and "cc:" them when sending such a final version for inclusion.
 
+[[sign-off]]
+=== Certify your work by adding your `Signed-off-by` trailer
+
+To improve tracking of who did what, we ask you to certify that you
+wrote the patch or have the right to pass it on under the same license
+as ours, by "signing off" your patch.  Without sign-off, we cannot
+accept your patches.
+
+If (and only if) you certify the below D-C-O:
+
+[[dco]]
+.Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
+____
+By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
+
+a. The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
+   have the right to submit it under the open source license
+   indicated in the file; or
+
+b. The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
+   of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
+   license and I have the right under that license to submit that
+   work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
+   by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
+   permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
+   in the file; or
+
+c. The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
+   person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
+   it.
+
+d. I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
+   are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
+   personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
+   maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
+   this project or the open source license(s) involved.
+____
+
+you add a "Signed-off-by" trailer to your commit, that looks like
+this:
+
+....
+	Signed-off-by: Random J Developer <random@developer.example.org>
+....
+
+This line can be added by Git if you run the git-commit command with
+the -s option.
+
+Notice that you can place your own `Signed-off-by` trailer when
+forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for
+D-C-O.  Indeed you are encouraged to do so.  Do not forget to
+place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute
+the change to its true author (see (2) above).
+
+This procedure originally came from the Linux kernel project, so our
+rule is quite similar to theirs, but what exactly it means to sign-off
+your patch differs from project to project, so it may be different
+from that of the project you are accustomed to.
+
+[[real-name]]
+Also notice that a real name is used in the `Signed-off-by` trailer. Please
+don't hide your real name.
+
+[[commit-trailers]]
+If you like, you can put extra tags at the end:
+
+. `Reported-by:` is used to credit someone who found the bug that
+  the patch attempts to fix.
+. `Acked-by:` says that the person who is more familiar with the area
+  the patch attempts to modify liked the patch.
+. `Reviewed-by:`, unlike the other tags, can only be offered by the
+  reviewer and means that she is completely satisfied that the patch
+  is ready for application.  It is usually offered only after a
+  detailed review.
+. `Tested-by:` is used to indicate that the person applied the patch
+  and found it to have the desired effect.
+
+You can also create your own tag or use one that's in common usage
+such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
+
 == Subsystems with dedicated maintainers
 
 Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
@@ -452,10 +390,7 @@ repositories.
 
 - `gitk-git/` comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
 
-	git://git.ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
-
-   Those who are interested in improve gitk can volunteer to help Paul
-   in maintaining it cf. <YntxL/fTplFm8lr6@cleo>.
+	git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
 
 - `po/` comes from the localization coordinator, Jiang Xin:
 
@@ -512,12 +447,13 @@ their trees themselves.
   entitled "What's cooking in git.git" and "What's in git.git" giving
   the status of various proposed changes.
 
-== GitHub CI[[GHCI]]
+[[travis]]
+== GitHub-Travis CI hints
 
-With an account at GitHub, you can use GitHub CI to test your changes
-on Linux, Mac and Windows. See
-https://github.com/git/git/actions/workflows/main.yml for examples of
-recent CI runs.
+With an account at GitHub (you can get one for free to work on open
+source projects), you can use Travis CI to test your changes on Linux,
+Mac (and hopefully soon Windows).  You can find a successful example
+test build here: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/builds/120473209
 
 Follow these steps for the initial setup:
 
@@ -525,18 +461,31 @@ Follow these steps for the initial setup:
   You can find detailed instructions how to fork here:
   https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
 
-After the initial setup, CI will run whenever you push new changes
+. Open the Travis CI website: https://travis-ci.org
+
+. Press the "Sign in with GitHub" button.
+
+. Grant Travis CI permissions to access your GitHub account.
+  You can find more information about the required permissions here:
+  https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/github-oauth-scopes
+
+. Open your Travis CI profile page: https://travis-ci.org/profile
+
+. Enable Travis CI builds for your Git fork.
+
+After the initial setup, Travis CI will run whenever you push new changes
 to your fork of Git on GitHub.  You can monitor the test state of all your
-branches here: `https://github.com/<Your GitHub handle>/git/actions/workflows/main.yml`
+branches here: https://travis-ci.org/__<Your GitHub handle>__/git/branches
 
 If a branch did not pass all test cases then it is marked with a red
-cross. In that case you can click on the failing job and navigate to
-"ci/run-build-and-tests.sh" and/or "ci/print-test-failures.sh". You
-can also download "Artifacts" which are tarred (or zipped) archives
-with test data relevant for debugging.
+cross.  In that case you can click on the failing Travis CI job and
+scroll all the way down in the log.  Find the line "<-- Click here to see
+detailed test output!" and click on the triangle next to the log line
+number to expand the detailed test output.  Here is such a failing
+example: https://travis-ci.org/git/git/jobs/122676187
 
-Then fix the problem and push your fix to your GitHub fork. This will
-trigger a new CI build to ensure all tests pass.
+Fix the problem and push your fix to your Git fork.  This will trigger
+a new Travis CI build to ensure all tests pass.
 
 [[mua]]
 == MUA specific hints

Documentation/ToolsForGit.txt

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-Tools for developing Git
-========================
-:sectanchors:
-
-[[summary]]
-== Summary
-
-This document gathers tips, scripts and configuration file to help people
-working on Git's codebase use their favorite tools while following Git's
-coding style.
-
-[[author]]
-=== Author
-
-The Git community.
-
-[[table_of_contents]]
-== Table of contents
-
-- <<vscode>>
-- <<emacs>>
-
-[[vscode]]
-=== Visual Studio Code (VS Code)
-
-The contrib/vscode/init.sh script creates configuration files that enable
-several valuable VS Code features. See contrib/vscode/README.md for more
-information on using the script.
-
-[[emacs]]
-=== Emacs
-
-This is adapted from Linux's suggestion in its CodingStyle document:
-
-- To follow rules of the CodingGuideline, it's useful to put the following in
-GIT_CHECKOUT/.dir-locals.el, assuming you use cperl-mode:
-----
-;; note the first part is useful for C editing, too
-((nil . ((indent-tabs-mode . t)
-	 (tab-width . 8)
-	 (fill-column . 80)))
-	 (cperl-mode . ((cperl-indent-level . 8)
-			(cperl-extra-newline-before-brace . nil)
-			(cperl-merge-trailing-else . t))))
-----
-
-For a more complete setup, since Git's codebase uses a coding style
-similar to the Linux kernel's style, tips given in Linux's CodingStyle
-document can be applied here too.
-
-==== https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.10/process/coding-style.html#you-ve-made-a-mess-of-it

Documentation/blame-options.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 -b::
 	Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits.  This can also
-	be controlled via the `blame.blankBoundary` config option.
+	be controlled via the `blame.blankboundary` config option.
 
 --root::
 	Do not treat root commits as boundaries.  This can also be
@@ -136,16 +136,5 @@ take effect.
 	option.  An empty file name, `""`, will clear the list of revs from
 	previously processed files.
 
---color-lines::
-	Color line annotations in the default format differently if they come from
-	the same commit as the preceding line. This makes it easier to distinguish
-	code blocks introduced by different commits. The color defaults to cyan and
-	can be adjusted using the `color.blame.repeatedLines` config option.
-
---color-by-age::
-	Color line annotations depending on the age of the line in the default format.
-	The `color.blame.highlightRecent` config option controls what color is used for
-	each range of age.
-
 -h::
 	Show help message.

Documentation/config.txt

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Subsection names are case sensitive and can contain any characters except
 newline and the null byte. Doublequote `"` and backslash can be included
 by escaping them as `\"` and `\\`, respectively. Backslashes preceding
 other characters are dropped when reading; for example, `\t` is read as
-`t` and `\0` is read as `0`. Section headers cannot span multiple lines.
+`t` and `\0` is read as `0` Section headers cannot span multiple lines.
 Variables may belong directly to a section or to a given subsection. You
 can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you don't
 need to.
@@ -159,33 +159,6 @@ all branches that begin with `foo/`. This is useful if your branches are
 organized hierarchically and you would like to apply a configuration to
 all the branches in that hierarchy.
 
-`hasconfig:remote.*.url:`::
-	The data that follows this keyword is taken to
-	be a pattern with standard globbing wildcards and two
-	additional ones, `**/` and `/**`, that can match multiple
-	components. The first time this keyword is seen, the rest of
-	the config files will be scanned for remote URLs (without
-	applying any values). If there exists at least one remote URL
-	that matches this pattern, the include condition is met.
-+
-Files included by this option (directly or indirectly) are not allowed
-to contain remote URLs.
-+
-Note that unlike other includeIf conditions, resolving this condition
-relies on information that is not yet known at the point of reading the
-condition. A typical use case is this option being present as a
-system-level or global-level config, and the remote URL being in a
-local-level config; hence the need to scan ahead when resolving this
-condition. In order to avoid the chicken-and-egg problem in which
-potentially-included files can affect whether such files are potentially
-included, Git breaks the cycle by prohibiting these files from affecting
-the resolution of these conditions (thus, prohibiting them from
-declaring remote URLs).
-+
-As for the naming of this keyword, it is for forwards compatibiliy with
-a naming scheme that supports more variable-based include conditions,
-but currently Git only supports the exact keyword described above.
-
 A few more notes on matching via `gitdir` and `gitdir/i`:
 
  * Symlinks in `$GIT_DIR` are not resolved before matching.
@@ -253,14 +226,6 @@ Example
 ; currently checked out
 [includeIf "onbranch:foo-branch"]
 	path = foo.inc
-
-; include only if a remote with the given URL exists (note
-; that such a URL may be provided later in a file or in a
-; file read after this file is read, as seen in this example)
-[includeIf "hasconfig:remote.*.url:https://example.com/**"]
-	path = foo.inc
-[remote "origin"]
-	url = https://example.com/git
 ----
 
 Values
@@ -297,19 +262,11 @@ color::
        colors (at most two, one for foreground and one for background)
        and attributes (as many as you want), separated by spaces.
 +
-The basic colors accepted are `normal`, `black`, `red`, `green`,
-`yellow`, `blue`, `magenta`, `cyan`, `white` and `default`.  The first
-color given is the foreground; the second is the background.  All the
-basic colors except `normal` and `default` have a bright variant that can
-be specified by prefixing the color with `bright`, like `brightred`.
-+
-The color `normal` makes no change to the color. It is the same as an
-empty string, but can be used as the foreground color when specifying a
-background color alone (for example, "normal red").
-+
-The color `default` explicitly resets the color to the terminal default,
-for example to specify a cleared background. Although it varies between
-terminals, this is usually not the same as setting to "white black".
+The basic colors accepted are `normal`, `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`,
+`blue`, `magenta`, `cyan` and `white`.  The first color given is the
+foreground; the second is the background.  All the basic colors except
+`normal` have a bright variant that can be specified by prefixing the
+color with `bright`, like `brightred`.
 +
 Colors may also be given as numbers between 0 and 255; these use ANSI
 256-color mode (but note that not all terminals may support this).  If
@@ -323,11 +280,6 @@ The position of any attributes with respect to the colors
 be turned off by prefixing them with `no` or `no-` (e.g., `noreverse`,
 `no-ul`, etc).
 +
-The pseudo-attribute `reset` resets all colors and attributes before
-applying the specified coloring. For example, `reset green` will result
-in a green foreground and default background without any active
-attributes.
-+
 An empty color string produces no color effect at all. This can be used
 to avoid coloring specific elements without disabling color entirely.
 +
@@ -346,15 +298,6 @@ pathname::
 	tilde expansion happens to such a string: `~/`
 	is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the
 	specified user's home directory.
-+
-If a path starts with `%(prefix)/`, the remainder is interpreted as a
-path relative to Git's "runtime prefix", i.e. relative to the location
-where Git itself was installed. For example, `%(prefix)/bin/` refers to
-the directory in which the Git executable itself lives. If Git was
-compiled without runtime prefix support, the compiled-in prefix will be
-substituted instead. In the unlikely event that a literal path needs to
-be specified that should _not_ be expanded, it needs to be prefixed by
-`./`, like so: `./%(prefix)/bin`.
 
 
 Variables
@@ -455,8 +398,6 @@ include::config/interactive.txt[]
 
 include::config/log.txt[]
 
-include::config/lsrefs.txt[]
-
 include::config/mailinfo.txt[]
 
 include::config/mailmap.txt[]
@@ -495,6 +436,8 @@ include::config/repack.txt[]
 
 include::config/rerere.txt[]
 
+include::config/reset.txt[]
+
 include::config/safe.txt[]
 
 include::config/sendemail.txt[]
@@ -503,8 +446,6 @@ include::config/sequencer.txt[]
 
 include::config/showbranch.txt[]
 
-include::config/sparse.txt[]
-
 include::config/splitindex.txt[]
 
 include::config/ssh.txt[]

Documentation/config/add.txt

@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ add.ignore-errors (deprecated)::
 	variables.
 
 add.interactive.useBuiltin::
-	Set to `false` to fall back to the original Perl implementation of
-	the interactive version of linkgit:git-add[1] instead of the built-in
-	version. Is `true` by default.
+	[EXPERIMENTAL] Set to `true` to use the experimental built-in
+	implementation of the interactive version of linkgit:git-add[1]
+	instead of the Perl script version. Is `false` by default.

Documentation/config/advice.txt

@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@ advice.*::
 	can tell Git that you do not need help by setting these to 'false':
 +
 --
-	ambiguousFetchRefspec::
-		Advice shown when fetch refspec for multiple remotes map to
-		the same remote-tracking branch namespace and causes branch
-		tracking set-up to fail.
 	fetchShowForcedUpdates::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-fetch[1] takes a long time
 		to calculate forced updates after ref updates, or to warn
@@ -48,9 +44,6 @@ advice.*::
 		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects a forced update of
 		a branch when its remote-tracking ref has updates that we
 		do not have locally.
-	skippedCherryPicks::
-		Shown when linkgit:git-rebase[1] skips a commit that has already
-		been cherry-picked onto the upstream branch.
 	statusAheadBehind::
 		Shown when linkgit:git-status[1] computes the ahead/behind
 		counts for a local ref compared to its remote tracking ref,
@@ -71,10 +64,10 @@ advice.*::
 	commitBeforeMerge::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-merge[1] refuses to
 		merge to avoid overwriting local changes.
-	resetNoRefresh::
-		Advice to consider using the `--no-refresh` option to
-		linkgit:git-reset[1] when the command takes more than 2 seconds
-		to refresh the index after reset.
+	resetQuiet::
+		Advice to consider using the `--quiet` option to linkgit:git-reset[1]
+		when the command takes more than 2 seconds to enumerate unstaged
+		changes after reset.
 	resolveConflict::
 		Advice shown by various commands when conflicts
 		prevent the operation from being performed.
@@ -89,9 +82,6 @@ advice.*::
 		linkgit:git-switch[1] or linkgit:git-checkout[1]
 		to move to the detach HEAD state, to instruct how to
 		create a local branch after the fact.
-	suggestDetachingHead::
-		Advice shown when linkgit:git-switch[1] refuses to detach HEAD
-		without the explicit `--detach` option.
 	checkoutAmbiguousRemoteBranchName::
 		Advice shown when the argument to
 		linkgit:git-checkout[1] and linkgit:git-switch[1]
@@ -123,17 +113,10 @@ advice.*::
 	submoduleAlternateErrorStrategyDie::
 		Advice shown when a submodule.alternateErrorStrategy option
 		configured to "die" causes a fatal error.
-	submodulesNotUpdated::
-		Advice shown when a user runs a submodule command that fails
-		because `git submodule update --init` was not run.
 	addIgnoredFile::
 		Advice shown if a user attempts to add an ignored file to
 		the index.
 	addEmptyPathspec::
 		Advice shown if a user runs the add command without providing
 		the pathspec parameter.
-	updateSparsePath::
-		Advice shown when either linkgit:git-add[1] or linkgit:git-rm[1]
-		is asked to update index entries outside the current sparse
-		checkout.
 --

Documentation/config/blame.txt

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ blame.ignoreRevsFile::
 	file names will reset the list of ignored revisions.  This option will
 	be handled before the command line option `--ignore-revs-file`.
 
-blame.markUnblamableLines::
+blame.markUnblamables::
 	Mark lines that were changed by an ignored revision that we could not
 	attribute to another commit with a '*' in the output of
 	linkgit:git-blame[1].

Documentation/config/branch.txt

@@ -7,11 +7,8 @@ branch.autoSetupMerge::
 	automatic setup is done; `true` -- automatic setup is done when the
 	starting point is a remote-tracking branch; `always` --
 	automatic setup is done when the starting point is either a
-	local branch or remote-tracking branch; `inherit` -- if the starting point
-	has a tracking configuration, it is copied to the new
-	branch; `simple` -- automatic setup is done only when the starting point
-	is a remote-tracking branch and the new branch has the same name as the
-	remote branch. This option defaults to true.
+	local branch or remote-tracking
+	branch. This option defaults to true.
 
 branch.autoSetupRebase::
 	When a new branch is created with 'git branch', 'git switch' or 'git checkout'
@@ -40,9 +37,8 @@ branch.<name>.remote::
 	may be overridden with `remote.pushDefault` (for all branches).
 	The remote to push to, for the current branch, may be further
 	overridden by `branch.<name>.pushRemote`.  If no remote is
-	configured, or if you are not on any branch and there is more than
-	one remote defined in the repository, it defaults to `origin` for
-	fetching and `remote.pushDefault` for pushing.
+	configured, or if you are not on any branch, it defaults to
+	`origin` for fetching and `remote.pushDefault` for pushing.
 	Additionally, `.` (a period) is the current local repository
 	(a dot-repository), see `branch.<name>.merge`'s final note below.
 
@@ -89,6 +85,10 @@ When `merges` (or just 'm'), pass the `--rebase-merges` option to 'git rebase'
 so that the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see
 linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details).
 +
+When `preserve` (or just 'p', deprecated in favor of `merges`), also pass
+`--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase' so that locally committed merge
+commits will not be flattened by running 'git pull'.
++
 When the value is `interactive` (or just 'i'), the rebase is run in interactive
 mode.
 +

Documentation/config/checkout.txt

@@ -21,24 +21,3 @@ checkout.guess::
 	Provides the default value for the `--guess` or `--no-guess`
 	option in `git checkout` and `git switch`. See
 	linkgit:git-switch[1] and linkgit:git-checkout[1].
-
-checkout.workers::
-	The number of parallel workers to use when updating the working tree.
-	The default is one, i.e. sequential execution. If set to a value less
-	than one, Git will use as many workers as the number of logical cores
-	available. This setting and `checkout.thresholdForParallelism` affect
-	all commands that perform checkout. E.g. checkout, clone, reset,
-	sparse-checkout, etc.
-+
-Note: parallel checkout usually delivers better performance for repositories
-located on SSDs or over NFS. For repositories on spinning disks and/or machines
-with a small number of cores, the default sequential checkout often performs
-better. The size and compression level of a repository might also influence how
-well the parallel version performs.
-
-checkout.thresholdForParallelism::
-	When running parallel checkout with a small number of files, the cost
-	of subprocess spawning and inter-process communication might outweigh
-	the parallelization gains. This setting allows to define the minimum
-	number of files for which parallel checkout should be attempted. The
-	default is 100.

Documentation/config/clone.txt

@@ -2,12 +2,3 @@ clone.defaultRemoteName::
 	The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
 	`origin`, and can be overridden by passing the `--origin` command-line
 	option to linkgit:git-clone[1].
-
-clone.rejectShallow::
-	Reject to clone a repository if it is a shallow one, can be overridden by
-	passing option `--reject-shallow` in command line. See linkgit:git-clone[1]
-
-clone.filterSubmodules::
-	If a partial clone filter is provided (see `--filter` in
-	linkgit:git-rev-list[1]) and `--recurse-submodules` is used, also apply
-	the filter to submodules.

Documentation/config/color.txt

@@ -9,27 +9,26 @@ color.advice.hint::
 	Use customized color for hints.
 
 color.blame.highlightRecent::
-	Specify the line annotation color for `git blame --color-by-age`
-	depending upon the age of the line.
+	This can be used to color the metadata of a blame line depending
+	on age of the line.
 +
-This setting should be set to a comma-separated list of color and
-date settings, starting and ending with a color, the dates should be
-set from oldest to newest. The metadata will be colored with the
-specified colors if the line was introduced before the given
-timestamp, overwriting older timestamped colors.
+This setting should be set to a comma-separated list of color and date settings,
+starting and ending with a color, the dates should be set from oldest to newest.
+The metadata will be colored given the colors if the line was introduced
+before the given timestamp, overwriting older timestamped colors.
 +
-Instead of an absolute timestamp relative timestamps work as well,
-e.g. `2.weeks.ago` is valid to address anything older than 2 weeks.
+Instead of an absolute timestamp relative timestamps work as well, e.g.
+2.weeks.ago is valid to address anything older than 2 weeks.
 +
-It defaults to `blue,12 month ago,white,1 month ago,red`, which
-colors everything older than one year blue, recent changes between
-one month and one year old are kept white, and lines introduced
-within the last month are colored red.
+It defaults to 'blue,12 month ago,white,1 month ago,red', which colors
+everything older than one year blue, recent changes between one month and
+one year old are kept white, and lines introduced within the last month are
+colored red.
 
 color.blame.repeatedLines::
-	Use the specified color to colorize line annotations for
-	`git blame --color-lines`, if they come from the same commit as the
-	preceding line. Defaults to cyan.
+	Use the customized color for the part of git-blame output that
+	is repeated meta information per line (such as commit id,
+	author name, date and timezone). Defaults to cyan.
 
 color.branch::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in the output of
@@ -105,12 +104,9 @@ color.grep.<slot>::
 `matchContext`;;
 	matching text in context lines
 `matchSelected`;;
-	matching text in selected lines. Also, used to customize the following
-	linkgit:git-log[1] subcommands: `--grep`, `--author` and `--committer`.
+	matching text in selected lines
 `selected`;;
-	non-matching text in selected lines. Also, used to customize the
-	following linkgit:git-log[1] subcommands: `--grep`, `--author` and
-	`--committer`.
+	non-matching text in selected lines
 `separator`;;
 	separators between fields on a line (`:`, `-`, and `=`)
 	and between hunks (`--`)
@@ -131,9 +127,8 @@ color.interactive.<slot>::
 	interactive commands.
 
 color.pager::
-	A boolean to specify whether `auto` color modes should colorize
-	output going to the pager. Defaults to true; set this to false
-	if your pager does not understand ANSI color codes.
+	A boolean to enable/disable colored output when the pager is in
+	use (default is true).
 
 color.push::
 	A boolean to enable/disable color in push errors. May be set to

Documentation/config/commitgraph.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-commitGraph.generationVersion::
-	Specifies the type of generation number version to use when writing
-	or reading the commit-graph file. If version 1 is specified, then
-	the corrected commit dates will not be written or read. Defaults to
-	2.
-
 commitGraph.maxNewFilters::
 	Specifies the default value for the `--max-new-filters` option of `git
 	commit-graph write` (c.f., linkgit:git-commit-graph[1]).

Documentation/config/core.txt

@@ -62,54 +62,22 @@ core.protectNTFS::
 	Defaults to `true` on Windows, and `false` elsewhere.
 
 core.fsmonitor::
-	If set to true, enable the built-in file system monitor
-	daemon for this working directory (linkgit:git-fsmonitor{litdd}daemon[1]).
-+
-Like hook-based file system monitors, the built-in file system monitor
-can speed up Git commands that need to refresh the Git index
-(e.g. `git status`) in a working directory with many files.  The
-built-in monitor eliminates the need to install and maintain an
-external third-party tool.
-+
-The built-in file system monitor is currently available only on a
-limited set of supported platforms.  Currently, this includes Windows
-and MacOS.
-+
-	Otherwise, this variable contains the pathname of the "fsmonitor"
-	hook command.
-+
-This hook command is used to identify all files that may have changed
-since the requested date/time. This information is used to speed up
-git by avoiding unnecessary scanning of files that have not changed.
-+
-See the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5].
-+
-Note that if you concurrently use multiple versions of Git, such
-as one version on the command line and another version in an IDE
-tool, that the definition of `core.fsmonitor` was extended to
-allow boolean values in addition to hook pathnames.  Git versions
-2.35.1 and prior will not understand the boolean values and will
-consider the "true" or "false" values as hook pathnames to be
-invoked.  Git versions 2.26 thru 2.35.1 default to hook protocol
-V2 and will fall back to no fsmonitor (full scan).  Git versions
-prior to 2.26 default to hook protocol V1 and will silently
-assume there were no changes to report (no scan), so status
-commands may report incomplete results.  For this reason, it is
-best to upgrade all of your Git versions before using the built-in
-file system monitor.
+	If set, the value of this variable is used as a command which
+	will identify all files that may have changed since the
+	requested date/time. This information is used to speed up git by
+	avoiding unnecessary processing of files that have not changed.
+	See the "fsmonitor-watchman" section of linkgit:githooks[5].
 
 core.fsmonitorHookVersion::
-	Sets the protocol version to be used when invoking the
-	"fsmonitor" hook.
-+
-There are currently versions 1 and 2. When this is not set,
-version 2 will be tried first and if it fails then version 1
-will be tried. Version 1 uses a timestamp as input to determine
-which files have changes since that time but some monitors
-like Watchman have race conditions when used with a timestamp.
-Version 2 uses an opaque string so that the monitor can return
-something that can be used to determine what files have changed
-without race conditions.
+	Sets the version of hook that is to be used when calling fsmonitor.
+	There are currently versions 1 and 2. When this is not set,
+	version 2 will be tried first and if it fails then version 1
+	will be tried. Version 1 uses a timestamp as input to determine
+	which files have changes since that time but some monitors
+	like watchman have race conditions when used with a timestamp.
+	Version 2 uses an opaque string so that the monitor can return
+	something that can be used to determine what files have changed
+	without race conditions.
 
 core.trustctime::
 	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
@@ -579,72 +547,13 @@ core.whitespace::
   is relevant for `indent-with-non-tab` and when Git fixes `tab-in-indent`
   errors. The default tab width is 8. Allowed values are 1 to 63.
 
-core.fsync::
-	A comma-separated list of components of the repository that
-	should be hardened via the core.fsyncMethod when created or
-	modified.  You can disable hardening of any component by
-	prefixing it with a '-'.  Items that are not hardened may be
-	lost in the event of an unclean	system shutdown. Unless you
-	have special requirements, it is recommended that you leave
-	this option empty or pick one of `committed`, `added`,
-	or `all`.
-+
-When this configuration is encountered, the set of components starts with
-the platform default value, disabled components are removed, and additional
-components are added. `none` resets the state so that the platform default
-is ignored.
-+
-The empty string resets the fsync configuration to the platform
-default. The default on most platforms is equivalent to
-`core.fsync=committed,-loose-object`, which has good performance,
-but risks losing recent work in the event of an unclean system shutdown.
-+
-* `none` clears the set of fsynced components.
-* `loose-object` hardens objects added to the repo in loose-object form.
-* `pack` hardens objects added to the repo in packfile form.
-* `pack-metadata` hardens packfile bitmaps and indexes.
-* `commit-graph` hardens the commit graph file.
-* `index` hardens the index when it is modified.
-* `objects` is an aggregate option that is equivalent to
-  `loose-object,pack`.
-* `reference` hardens references modified in the repo.
-* `derived-metadata` is an aggregate option that is equivalent to
-  `pack-metadata,commit-graph`.
-* `committed` is an aggregate option that is currently equivalent to
-  `objects`. This mode sacrifices some performance to ensure that work
-  that is committed to the repository with `git commit` or similar commands
-  is hardened.
-* `added` is an aggregate option that is currently equivalent to
-  `committed,index`. This mode sacrifices additional performance to
-  ensure that the results of commands like `git add` and similar operations
-  are hardened.
-* `all` is an aggregate option that syncs all individual components above.
-
-core.fsyncMethod::
-	A value indicating the strategy Git will use to harden repository data
-	using fsync and related primitives.
-+
-* `fsync` uses the fsync() system call or platform equivalents.
-* `writeout-only` issues pagecache writeback requests, but depending on the
-  filesystem and storage hardware, data added to the repository may not be
-  durable in the event of a system crash. This is the default mode on macOS.
-* `batch` enables a mode that uses writeout-only flushes to stage multiple
-  updates in the disk writeback cache and then does a single full fsync of
-  a dummy file to trigger the disk cache flush at the end of the operation.
-+
-Currently `batch` mode only applies to loose-object files. Other repository
-data is made durable as if `fsync` was specified. This mode is expected to
-be as safe as `fsync` on macOS for repos stored on HFS+ or APFS filesystems
-and on Windows for repos stored on NTFS or ReFS filesystems.
-
 core.fsyncObjectFiles::
 	This boolean will enable 'fsync()' when writing object files.
-	This setting is deprecated. Use core.fsync instead.
 +
-This setting affects data added to the Git repository in loose-object
-form. When set to true, Git will issue an fsync or similar system call
-to flush caches so that loose-objects remain consistent in the face
-of a unclean system shutdown.
+This is a total waste of time and effort on a filesystem that orders
+data writes properly, but can be useful for filesystems that do not use
+journalling (traditional UNIX filesystems) or that only journal metadata
+and not file contents (OS X's HFS+, or Linux ext3 with "data=writeback").
 
 core.preloadIndex::
 	Enable parallel index preload for operations like 'git diff'
@@ -706,10 +615,8 @@ core.sparseCheckout::
 
 core.sparseCheckoutCone::
 	Enables the "cone mode" of the sparse checkout feature. When the
-	sparse-checkout file contains a limited set of patterns, this
-	mode provides significant performance advantages. The "non
-	cone mode" can be requested to allow specifying a more flexible
-	patterns by setting this variable to 'false'. See
+	sparse-checkout file contains a limited set of patterns, then this
+	mode provides significant performance advantages. See
 	linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] for more information.
 
 core.abbrev::
@@ -718,6 +625,4 @@ core.abbrev::
 	computed based on the approximate number of packed objects
 	in your repository, which hopefully is enough for
 	abbreviated object names to stay unique for some time.
-	If set to "no", no abbreviation is made and the object names
-	are shown in their full length.
 	The minimum length is 4.

Documentation/config/diff.txt

@@ -85,8 +85,6 @@ diff.ignoreSubmodules::
 	and 'git status' when `status.submoduleSummary` is set unless it is
 	overridden by using the --ignore-submodules command-line option.
 	The 'git submodule' commands are not affected by this setting.
-	By default this is set to untracked so that any untracked
-	submodules are ignored.
 
 diff.mnemonicPrefix::
 	If set, 'git diff' uses a prefix pair that is different from the
@@ -118,10 +116,9 @@ diff.orderFile::
 	relative to the top of the working tree.
 
 diff.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
-	copy/rename detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option
-	`-l`.  If not set, the default value is currently 1000.  This
-	setting has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
+	The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename
+	detection; equivalent to the 'git diff' option `-l`. This setting
+	has no effect if rename detection is turned off.
 
 diff.renames::
 	Whether and how Git detects renames.  If set to "false",

Documentation/config/extensions.txt

@@ -6,34 +6,3 @@ extensions.objectFormat::
 Note that this setting should only be set by linkgit:git-init[1] or
 linkgit:git-clone[1].  Trying to change it after initialization will not
 work and will produce hard-to-diagnose issues.
-
-extensions.worktreeConfig::
-	If enabled, then worktrees will load config settings from the
-	`$GIT_DIR/config.worktree` file in addition to the
-	`$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config` file. Note that `$GIT_COMMON_DIR` and
-	`$GIT_DIR` are the same for the main working tree, while other
-	working trees have `$GIT_DIR` equal to
-	`$GIT_COMMON_DIR/worktrees/<id>/`. The settings in the
-	`config.worktree` file will override settings from any other
-	config files.
-+
-When enabling `extensions.worktreeConfig`, you must be careful to move
-certain values from the common config file to the main working tree's
-`config.worktree` file, if present:
-+
-* `core.worktree` must be moved from `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config` to
-  `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config.worktree`.
-* If `core.bare` is true, then it must be moved from `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config`
-  to `$GIT_COMMON_DIR/config.worktree`.
-+
-It may also be beneficial to adjust the locations of `core.sparseCheckout`
-and `core.sparseCheckoutCone` depending on your desire for customizable
-sparse-checkout settings for each worktree. By default, the `git
-sparse-checkout` builtin enables `extensions.worktreeConfig`, assigns
-these config values on a per-worktree basis, and uses the
-`$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout` file to specify the sparsity for each
-worktree independently. See linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] for more
-details.
-+
-For historical reasons, `extensions.worktreeConfig` is respected
-regardless of the `core.repositoryFormatVersion` setting.

Documentation/config/fetch.txt

@@ -56,22 +56,20 @@ fetch.output::
 	OUTPUT in linkgit:git-fetch[1] for detail.
 
 fetch.negotiationAlgorithm::
-	Control how information about the commits in the local repository
-	is sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by
-	the server.  Set to "consecutive" to use an algorithm that walks
-	over consecutive commits checking each one.  Set to "skipping" to
-	use an algorithm that skips commits in an effort to converge
-	faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary packfile; or set
-	to "noop" to not send any information at all, which will almost
-	certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but will skip
-	the negotiation step.  Set to "default" to override settings made
-	previously and use the default behaviour.  The default is normally
-	"consecutive", but if `feature.experimental` is true, then the
-	default is "skipping".  Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to
-	error out.
+	Control how information about the commits in the local repository is
+	sent when negotiating the contents of the packfile to be sent by the
+	server. Set to "skipping" to use an algorithm that skips commits in an
+	effort to converge faster, but may result in a larger-than-necessary
+	packfile; or set to "noop" to not send any information at all, which
+	will almost certainly result in a larger-than-necessary packfile, but
+	will skip the negotiation step.
+	The default is "default" which instructs Git to use the default algorithm
+	that never skips commits (unless the server has acknowledged it or one
+	of its descendants). If `feature.experimental` is enabled, then this
+	setting defaults to "skipping".
+	Unknown values will cause 'git fetch' to error out.
 +
-See also the `--negotiate-only` and `--negotiation-tip` options to
-linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+See also the `--negotiation-tip` option for linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 
 fetch.showForcedUpdates::
 	Set to false to enable `--no-show-forced-updates` in
@@ -96,17 +94,3 @@ fetch.writeCommitGraph::
 	merge and the write may take longer. Having an updated commit-graph
 	file helps performance of many Git commands, including `git merge-base`,
 	`git push -f`, and `git log --graph`. Defaults to false.
-
-fetch.credentialsInUrl::
-	A URL can contain plaintext credentials in the form
-	`<protocol>://<user>:<password>@<domain>/<path>`. Using such URLs
-	is not recommended as it exposes the password in multiple ways,
-	including Git storing the URL as plaintext in the repository config.
-	The `fetch.credentialsInUrl` option provides instruction for how Git
-	should react to seeing such a URL, with these values:
-+
-* `allow` (default): Git will proceed with its activity without warning.
-* `warn`: Git will write a warning message to `stderr` when parsing a URL
-  with a plaintext credential.
-* `die`: Git will write a failure message to `stderr` when parsing a URL
-  with a plaintext credential.

Documentation/config/gc.txt

@@ -81,21 +81,14 @@ gc.packRefs::
 	to enable it within all non-bare repos or it can be set to a
 	boolean value.  The default is `true`.
 
-gc.cruftPacks::
-	Store unreachable objects in a cruft pack (see
-	linkgit:git-repack[1]) instead of as loose objects. The default
-	is `false`.
-
 gc.pruneExpire::
-	When 'git gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'
-	(and 'repack --cruft --cruft-expiration 2.weeks.ago' if using
-	cruft packs via `gc.cruftPacks` or `--cruft`).  Override the
-	grace period with this config variable.  The value "now" may be
-	used to disable this grace period and always prune unreachable
-	objects immediately, or "never" may be used to suppress pruning.
-	This feature helps prevent corruption when 'git gc' runs
-	concurrently with another process writing to the repository; see
-	the "NOTES" section of linkgit:git-gc[1].
+	When 'git gc' is run, it will call 'prune --expire 2.weeks.ago'.
+	Override the grace period with this config variable.  The value
+	"now" may be used to disable this grace period and always prune
+	unreachable objects immediately, or "never" may be used to
+	suppress pruning.  This feature helps prevent corruption when
+	'git gc' runs concurrently with another process writing to the
+	repository; see the "NOTES" section of linkgit:git-gc[1].
 
 gc.worktreePruneExpire::
 	When 'git gc' is run, it calls

Documentation/config/gpg.txt

@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ gpg.program::
 
 gpg.format::
 	Specifies which key format to use when signing with `--gpg-sign`.
-	Default is "openpgp". Other possible values are "x509", "ssh".
+	Default is "openpgp" and another possible value is "x509".
 
 gpg.<format>.program::
 	Use this to customize the program used for the signing format you
 	chose. (see `gpg.program` and `gpg.format`) `gpg.program` can still
 	be used as a legacy synonym for `gpg.openpgp.program`. The default
-	value for `gpg.x509.program` is "gpgsm" and `gpg.ssh.program` is "ssh-keygen".
+	value for `gpg.x509.program` is "gpgsm".
 
 gpg.minTrustLevel::
 	Specifies a minimum trust level for signature verification.  If
@@ -33,47 +33,3 @@ gpg.minTrustLevel::
 * `marginal`
 * `fully`
 * `ultimate`
-
-gpg.ssh.defaultKeyCommand::
-	This command that will be run when user.signingkey is not set and a ssh
-	signature is requested. On successful exit a valid ssh public key is
-	expected in the first line of its output. To automatically use the first
-	available key from your ssh-agent set this to "ssh-add -L".
-
-gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile::
-	A file containing ssh public keys which you are willing to trust.
-	The file consists of one or more lines of principals followed by an ssh
-	public key.
-	e.g.: `user1@example.com,user2@example.com ssh-rsa AAAAX1...`
-	See ssh-keygen(1) "ALLOWED SIGNERS" for details.
-	The principal is only used to identify the key and is available when
-	verifying a signature.
-+
-SSH has no concept of trust levels like gpg does. To be able to differentiate
-between valid signatures and trusted signatures the trust level of a signature
-verification is set to `fully` when the public key is present in the allowedSignersFile.
-Otherwise the trust level is `undefined` and git verify-commit/tag will fail.
-+
-This file can be set to a location outside of the repository and every developer
-maintains their own trust store. A central repository server could generate this
-file automatically from ssh keys with push access to verify the code against.
-In a corporate setting this file is probably generated at a global location
-from automation that already handles developer ssh keys.
-+
-A repository that only allows signed commits can store the file
-in the repository itself using a path relative to the top-level of the working tree.
-This way only committers with an already valid key can add or change keys in the keyring.
-+
-Since OpensSSH 8.8 this file allows specifying a key lifetime using valid-after &
-valid-before options. Git will mark signatures as valid if the signing key was
-valid at the time of the signature's creation. This allows users to change a
-signing key without invalidating all previously made signatures.
-+
-Using a SSH CA key with the cert-authority option
-(see ssh-keygen(1) "CERTIFICATES") is also valid.
-
-gpg.ssh.revocationFile::
-	Either a SSH KRL or a list of revoked public keys (without the principal prefix).
-	See ssh-keygen(1) for details.
-	If a public key is found in this file then it will always be treated
-	as having trust level "never" and signatures will show as invalid.

Documentation/config/grep.txt

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ grep.patternType::
 	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
 	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the `--basic-regexp`, `--extended-regexp`,
 	`--fixed-strings`, or `--perl-regexp` option accordingly, while the
-	value 'default' will use the `grep.extendedRegexp` option to choose
-	between 'basic' and 'extended'.
+	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
 
 grep.extendedRegexp::
 	If set to true, enable `--extended-regexp` option by default. This

Documentation/config/gui.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ gui.displayUntracked::
 	in the file list. The default is "true".
 
 gui.encoding::
-	Specifies the default character encoding to use for displaying of
+	Specifies the default encoding to use for displaying of
 	file contents in linkgit:git-gui[1] and linkgit:gitk[1].
 	It can be overridden by setting the 'encoding' attribute
 	for relevant files (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).

Documentation/config/help.txt

@@ -9,15 +9,13 @@ help.format::
 
 help.autoCorrect::
 	If git detects typos and can identify exactly one valid command similar
-	to the error, git will try to suggest the correct command or even
-	run the suggestion automatically. Possible config values are:
-	 - 0 (default): show the suggested command.
-	 - positive number: run the suggested command after specified
-deciseconds (0.1 sec).
-	 - "immediate": run the suggested command immediately.
-	 - "prompt": show the suggestion and prompt for confirmation to run
-the command.
-	 - "never": don't run or show any suggested command.
+	to the error, git will automatically run the intended command after
+	waiting a duration of time defined by this configuration value in
+	deciseconds (0.1 sec).  If this value is 0, the suggested corrections
+	will be shown, but not executed. If it is a negative integer, or
+	"immediate", the suggested command
+	is run immediately. If "never", suggestions are not shown at all. The
+	default value is zero.
 
 help.htmlPath::
 	Specify the path where the HTML documentation resides. File system paths

Documentation/config/http.txt

@@ -98,22 +98,6 @@ http.version::
 	- HTTP/2
 	- HTTP/1.1
 
-http.curloptResolve::
-	Hostname resolution information that will be used first by
-	libcurl when sending HTTP requests.  This information should
-	be in one of the following formats:
-
-	- [+]HOST:PORT:ADDRESS[,ADDRESS]
-	- -HOST:PORT
-
-+
-The first format redirects all requests to the given `HOST:PORT`
-to the provided `ADDRESS`(s). The second format clears all
-previous config values for that `HOST:PORT` combination.  To
-allow easy overriding of all the settings inherited from the
-system config, an empty value will reset all resolution
-information to the empty list.
-
 http.sslVersion::
 	The SSL version to use when negotiating an SSL connection, if you
 	want to force the default.  The available and default version

Documentation/config/index.txt

@@ -14,11 +14,6 @@ index.recordOffsetTable::
 	Defaults to 'true' if index.threads has been explicitly enabled,
 	'false' otherwise.
 
-index.sparse::
-	When enabled, write the index using sparse-directory entries. This
-	has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` and
-	`core.sparseCheckoutCone` are both enabled. Defaults to 'false'.
-
 index.threads::
 	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when loading the index.
 	This is meant to reduce index load time on multiprocessor machines.

Documentation/config/init.txt

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ init.templateDir::
 
 init.defaultBranch::
 	Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
-	a new repository.
+	a new repository or when cloning an empty repository.

Documentation/config/log.txt

@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ log.excludeDecoration::
 	the config option can be overridden by the `--decorate-refs`
 	option.
 
-log.diffMerges::
-	Set default diff format to be used for merge commits. See
-	`--diff-merges` in linkgit:git-log[1] for details.
-	Defaults to `separate`.
-
 log.follow::
 	If `true`, `git log` will act as if the `--follow` option was used when
 	a single <path> is given.  This has the same limitations as `--follow`,

Documentation/config/lsrefs.txt

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-lsrefs.unborn::
-	May be "advertise" (the default), "allow", or "ignore". If "advertise",
-	the server will respond to the client sending "unborn" (as described in
-	protocol-v2.txt) and will advertise support for this feature during the
-	protocol v2 capability advertisement. "allow" is the same as
-	"advertise" except that the server will not advertise support for this
-	feature; this is useful for load-balanced servers that cannot be
-	updated atomically (for example), since the administrator could
-	configure "allow", then after a delay, configure "advertise".

Documentation/config/maintenance.txt

@@ -15,9 +15,8 @@ maintenance.strategy::
 * `none`: This default setting implies no task are run at any schedule.
 * `incremental`: This setting optimizes for performing small maintenance
   activities that do not delete any data. This does not schedule the `gc`
-  task, but runs the `prefetch` and `commit-graph` tasks hourly, the
-  `loose-objects` and `incremental-repack` tasks daily, and the `pack-refs`
-  task weekly.
+  task, but runs the `prefetch` and `commit-graph` tasks hourly and the
+  `loose-objects` and `incremental-repack` tasks daily.
 
 maintenance.<task>.enabled::
 	This boolean config option controls whether the maintenance task

Documentation/config/merge.txt

@@ -4,14 +4,7 @@ merge.conflictStyle::
 	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
 	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
 	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
-	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.  The
-	"merge" style tends to produce smaller conflict regions than diff3,
-	both because of the exclusion of the original text, and because
-	when a subset of lines match on the two sides they are just pulled
-	out of the conflict region.  Another alternate style, "zdiff3", is
-	similar to diff3 but removes matching lines on the two sides from
-	the conflict region when those matching lines appear near either
-	the beginning or end of a conflict region.
+	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
 
 merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream
@@ -21,7 +14,7 @@ merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote`
 	are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch`
 	to their corresponding remote-tracking branches, and the tips of
-	these tracking branches are merged. Defaults to true.
+	these tracking branches are merged.
 
 merge.ff::
 	By default, Git does not create an extra merge commit when merging
@@ -40,12 +33,10 @@ merge.verifySignatures::
 include::fmt-merge-msg.txt[]
 
 merge.renameLimit::
-	The number of files to consider in the exhaustive portion of
-	rename detection during a merge.  If not specified, defaults
-	to the value of diff.renameLimit.  If neither
-	merge.renameLimit nor diff.renameLimit are specified,
-	currently defaults to 7000.  This setting has no effect if
-	rename detection is turned off.
+	The number of files to consider when performing rename detection
+	during a merge; if not specified, defaults to the value of
+	diff.renameLimit. This setting has no effect if rename detection
+	is turned off.
 
 merge.renames::
 	Whether Git detects renames.  If set to "false", rename detection

Documentation/config/mergetool.txt

@@ -13,11 +13,6 @@ mergetool.<tool>.cmd::
 	merged; 'MERGED' contains the name of the file to which the merge
 	tool should write the results of a successful merge.
 
-mergetool.<tool>.hideResolved::
-	Allows the user to override the global `mergetool.hideResolved` value
-	for a specific tool. See `mergetool.hideResolved` for the full
-	description.
-
 mergetool.<tool>.trustExitCode::
 	For a custom merge command, specify whether the exit code of
 	the merge command can be used to determine whether the merge was
@@ -45,25 +40,6 @@ mergetool.meld.useAutoMerge::
 	value of `false` avoids using `--auto-merge` altogether, and is the
 	default value.
 
-mergetool.vimdiff.layout::
-	The vimdiff backend uses this variable to control how its split
-	windows look like. Applies even if you are using Neovim (`nvim`) or
-	gVim (`gvim`) as the merge tool. See BACKEND SPECIFIC HINTS section
-ifndef::git-mergetool[]
-	in linkgit:git-mergetool[1].
-endif::[]
-	for details.
-
-mergetool.hideResolved::
-	During a merge Git will automatically resolve as many conflicts as
-	possible and write the 'MERGED' file containing conflict markers around
-	any conflicts that it cannot resolve; 'LOCAL' and 'REMOTE' normally
-	represent the versions of the file from before Git's conflict
-	resolution. This flag causes 'LOCAL' and 'REMOTE' to be overwriten so
-	that only the unresolved conflicts are presented to the merge tool. Can
-	be configured per-tool via the `mergetool.<tool>.hideResolved`
-	configuration variable. Defaults to `false`.
-
 mergetool.keepBackup::
 	After performing a merge, the original file with conflict markers
 	can be saved as a file with a `.orig` extension.  If this variable

Documentation/config/pack.txt

@@ -99,23 +99,12 @@ pack.packSizeLimit::
 	packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
 	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
 	option of linkgit:git-repack[1].  Reaching this limit results
-	in the creation of multiple packfiles.
-+
-Note that this option is rarely useful, and may result in a larger total
-on-disk size (because Git will not store deltas between packs), as well
-as worse runtime performance (object lookup within multiple packs is
-slower than a single pack, and optimizations like reachability bitmaps
-cannot cope with multiple packs).
-+
-If you need to actively run Git using smaller packfiles (e.g., because your
-filesystem does not support large files), this option may help. But if
-your goal is to transmit a packfile over a medium that supports limited
-sizes (e.g., removable media that cannot store the whole repository),
-you are likely better off creating a single large packfile and splitting
-it using a generic multi-volume archive tool (e.g., Unix `split`).
-+
-The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
-Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are supported.
+	in the creation of multiple packfiles; which in turn prevents
+	bitmaps from being created.
+	The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
+	The default is unlimited.
+	Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
+	supported.
 
 pack.useBitmaps::
 	When true, git will use pack bitmaps (if available) when packing
@@ -133,21 +122,6 @@ pack.useSparse::
 	commits contain certain types of direct renames. Default is
 	`true`.
 
-pack.preferBitmapTips::
-	When selecting which commits will receive bitmaps, prefer a
-	commit at the tip of any reference that is a suffix of any value
-	of this configuration over any other commits in the "selection
-	window".
-+
-Note that setting this configuration to `refs/foo` does not mean that
-the commits at the tips of `refs/foo/bar` and `refs/foo/baz` will
-necessarily be selected. This is because commits are selected for
-bitmaps from within a series of windows of variable length.
-+
-If a commit at the tip of any reference which is a suffix of any value
-of this configuration is seen in a window, it is immediately given
-preference over any other commit in that window.
-
 pack.writeBitmaps (deprecated)::
 	This is a deprecated synonym for `repack.writeBitmaps`.
 
@@ -159,14 +133,3 @@ pack.writeBitmapHashCache::
 	between an older, bitmapped pack and objects that have been
 	pushed since the last gc). The downside is that it consumes 4
 	bytes per object of disk space. Defaults to true.
-+
-When writing a multi-pack reachability bitmap, no new namehashes are
-computed; instead, any namehashes stored in an existing bitmap are
-permuted into their appropriate location when writing a new bitmap.
-
-pack.writeReverseIndex::
-	When true, git will write a corresponding .rev file (see:
-	link:../technical/pack-format.html[Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt])
-	for each new packfile that it writes in all places except for
-	linkgit:git-fast-import[1] and in the bulk checkin mechanism.
-	Defaults to false.

Documentation/config/pull.txt

@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ When `merges` (or just 'm'), pass the `--rebase-merges` option to 'git rebase'
 so that the local merge commits are included in the rebase (see
 linkgit:git-rebase[1] for details).
 +
+When `preserve` (or just 'p', deprecated in favor of `merges`), also pass
+`--preserve-merges` along to 'git rebase' so that locally committed merge
+commits will not be flattened by running 'git pull'.
++
 When the value is `interactive` (or just 'i'), the rebase is run in interactive
 mode.
 +

Documentation/config/push.txt

@@ -1,14 +1,3 @@
-push.autoSetupRemote::
-	If set to "true" assume `--set-upstream` on default push when no
-	upstream tracking exists for the current branch; this option
-	takes effect with push.default options 'simple', 'upstream',
-	and 'current'. It is useful if by default you want new branches
-	to be pushed to the default remote (like the behavior of
-	'push.default=current') and you also want the upstream tracking
-	to be set. Workflows most likely to benefit from this option are
-	'simple' central workflows where all branches are expected to
-	have the same name on the remote.
-
 push.default::
 	Defines the action `git push` should take if no refspec is
 	given (whether from the command-line, config, or elsewhere).
@@ -35,14 +24,15 @@ push.default::
 
 * `tracking` - This is a deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
 
-* `simple` - pushes the current branch with the same name on the remote.
+* `simple` - in centralized workflow, work like `upstream` with an
+  added safety to refuse to push if the upstream branch's name is
+  different from the local one.
 +
-If you are working on a centralized workflow (pushing to the same repository you
-pull from, which is typically `origin`), then you need to configure an upstream
-branch with the same name.
+When pushing to a remote that is different from the remote you normally
+pull from, work as `current`.  This is the safest option and is suited
+for beginners.
 +
-This mode is the default since Git 2.0, and is the safest option suited for
-beginners.
+This mode has become the default in Git 2.0.
 
 * `matching` - push all branches having the same name on both ends.
   This makes the repository you are pushing to remember the set of
@@ -130,10 +120,3 @@ push.useForceIfIncludes::
 	`--force-if-includes` as an option to linkgit:git-push[1]
 	in the command line. Adding `--no-force-if-includes` at the
 	time of push overrides this configuration setting.
-
-push.negotiate::
-	If set to "true", attempt to reduce the size of the packfile
-	sent by rounds of negotiation in which the client and the
-	server attempt to find commits in common. If "false", Git will
-	rely solely on the server's ref advertisement to find commits
-	in common.

Documentation/config/rebase.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+rebase.useBuiltin::
+	Unused configuration variable. Used in Git versions 2.20 and
+	2.21 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript
+	implementation of rebase. Now the built-in rewrite of it in C
+	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
+	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
+
 rebase.backend::
 	Default backend to use for rebasing.  Possible choices are
 	'apply' or 'merge'.  In the future, if the merge backend gains
@@ -61,6 +68,3 @@ rebase.rescheduleFailedExec::
 	Automatically reschedule `exec` commands that failed. This only makes
 	sense in interactive mode (or when an `--exec` option was provided).
 	This is the same as specifying the `--reschedule-failed-exec` option.
-
-rebase.forkPoint::
-	If set to false set `--no-fork-point` option by default.

Documentation/config/remote.txt

@@ -82,7 +82,5 @@ remote.<name>.promisor::
 	objects.
 
 remote.<name>.partialclonefilter::
-	The filter that will be applied when fetching from this	promisor remote.
-	Changing or clearing this value will only affect fetches for new commits.
-	To fetch associated objects for commits already present in the local object
-	database, use the `--refetch` option of linkgit:git-fetch[1].
+	The filter that will be applied when fetching from this
+	promisor remote.

Documentation/config/repack.txt

@@ -25,17 +25,3 @@ repack.writeBitmaps::
 	space and extra time spent on the initial repack.  This has
 	no effect if multiple packfiles are created.
 	Defaults to true on bare repos, false otherwise.
-
-repack.updateServerInfo::
-	If set to false, linkgit:git-repack[1] will not run
-	linkgit:git-update-server-info[1]. Defaults to true. Can be overridden
-	when true by the `-n` option of linkgit:git-repack[1].
-
-repack.cruftWindow::
-repack.cruftWindowMemory::
-repack.cruftDepth::
-repack.cruftThreads::
-	Parameters used by linkgit:git-pack-objects[1] when generating
-	a cruft pack and the respective parameters are not given over
-	the command line. See similarly named `pack.*` configuration
-	variables for defaults and meaning.

Documentation/config/reset.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+reset.quiet::
+	When set to true, 'git reset' will default to the '--quiet' option.

Documentation/config/safe.txt

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ override any such directories specified in the system config), add a
 `safe.directory` entry with an empty value.
 +
 This config setting is only respected when specified in a system or global
-config, not when it is specified in a repository config, via the command
-line option `-c safe.directory=<path>`, or in environment variables.
+config, not when it is specified in a repository config or via the command
+line option `-c safe.directory=<path>`.
 +
 The value of this setting is interpolated, i.e. `~/<path>` expands to a
 path relative to the home directory and `%(prefix)/<path>` expands to a
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@ that you deem safe.
 As explained, Git only allows you to access repositories owned by
 yourself, i.e. the user who is running Git, by default.  When Git
 is running as 'root' in a non Windows platform that provides sudo,
- however, git checks the SUDO_UID environment variable that sudo creates
-and will allow access to the uid recorded as its value instead.
+however, git checks the SUDO_UID environment variable that sudo creates
+and will allow access to the uid recorded as its value in addition to
+the id from 'root'.
 This is to make it easy to perform a common sequence during installation
 "make && sudo make install".  A git process running under 'sudo' runs as
 'root' but the 'sudo' command exports the environment variable to record
 which id the original user has.
 If that is not what you would prefer and want git to only trust
-repositories that are owned by root instead, then you must remove
+repositories that are owned by root instead, then you can remove
 the `SUDO_UID` variable from root's environment before invoking git.

Documentation/config/sendemail.txt

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ sendemail.smtpEncryption::
 	See linkgit:git-send-email[1] for description.  Note that this
 	setting is not subject to the 'identity' mechanism.
 
+sendemail.smtpssl (deprecated)::
+	Deprecated alias for 'sendemail.smtpEncryption = ssl'.
+
 sendemail.smtpsslcertpath::
 	Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file).
 	Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification.

Documentation/config/sparse.txt

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-sparse.expectFilesOutsideOfPatterns::
-	Typically with sparse checkouts, files not matching any
-	sparsity patterns are marked with a SKIP_WORKTREE bit in the
-	index and are missing from the working tree.  Accordingly, Git
-	will ordinarily check whether files with the SKIP_WORKTREE bit
-	are in fact present in the working tree contrary to
-	expectations.  If Git finds any, it marks those paths as
-	present by clearing the relevant SKIP_WORKTREE bits.  This
-	option can be used to tell Git that such
-	present-despite-skipped files are expected and to stop
-	checking for them.
-+
-The default is `false`, which allows Git to automatically recover
-from the list of files in the index and working tree falling out of
-sync.
-+
-Set this to `true` if you are in a setup where some external factor
-relieves Git of the responsibility for maintaining the consistency
-between the presence of working tree files and sparsity patterns.  For
-example, if you have a Git-aware virtual file system that has a robust
-mechanism for keeping the working tree and the sparsity patterns up to
-date based on access patterns.
-+
-Regardless of this setting, Git does not check for
-present-despite-skipped files unless sparse checkout is enabled, so
-this config option has no effect unless `core.sparseCheckout` is
-`true`.

Documentation/config/stash.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-stash.showIncludeUntracked::
-	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command will show
-	the untracked files of a stash entry.  Defaults to false. See
-	description of 'show' command in linkgit:git-stash[1].
+stash.useBuiltin::
+	Unused configuration variable.  Used in Git versions 2.22 to
+	2.26 as an escape hatch to enable the legacy shellscript
+	implementation of stash.  Now the built-in rewrite of it in C
+	is always used. Setting this will emit a warning, to alert any
+	remaining users that setting this now does nothing.
 
 stash.showPatch::
 	If this is set to true, the `git stash show` command without an

Documentation/config/submodule.txt

@@ -58,34 +58,18 @@ submodule.active::
 	commands. See linkgit:gitsubmodules[7] for details.
 
 submodule.recurse::
-	A boolean indicating if commands should enable the `--recurse-submodules`
-	option by default. Defaults to false.
-+
-When set to true, it can be deactivated via the
-`--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands
-lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by
-`submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call
-`git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option.
-For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the
-configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`.
-+
-The following list shows the commands that accept
-`--recurse-submodules` and whether they are supported by this
-setting.
-
-* `checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`,
-`reset`, `restore` and `switch` are always supported.
-* `clone` and `ls-files` are not supported.
-* `branch` is supported only if `submodule.propagateBranches` is
-enabled
-
-submodule.propagateBranches::
-	[EXPERIMENTAL] A boolean that enables branching support when
-	using `--recurse-submodules` or `submodule.recurse=true`.
-	Enabling this will allow certain commands to accept
-	`--recurse-submodules` and certain commands that already accept
-	`--recurse-submodules` will now consider branches.
+	Specifies if commands recurse into submodules by default. This
+	applies to all commands that have a `--recurse-submodules` option
+	(`checkout`, `fetch`, `grep`, `pull`, `push`, `read-tree`, `reset`,
+	`restore` and `switch`) except `clone` and `ls-files`.
 	Defaults to false.
+	When set to true, it can be deactivated via the
+	`--no-recurse-submodules` option. Note that some Git commands
+	lacking this option may call some of the above commands affected by
+	`submodule.recurse`; for instance `git remote update` will call
+	`git fetch` but does not have a `--no-recurse-submodules` option.
+	For these commands a workaround is to temporarily change the
+	configuration value by using `git -c submodule.recurse=0`.
 
 submodule.fetchJobs::
 	Specifies how many submodules are fetched/cloned at the same time.

Documentation/config/transfer.txt

@@ -52,17 +52,13 @@ If you have multiple hideRefs values, later entries override earlier ones
 (and entries in more-specific config files override less-specific ones).
 +
 If a namespace is in use, the namespace prefix is stripped from each
-reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns. In
-order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of the ref name. If
-you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
-+
+reference before it is matched against `transfer.hiderefs` patterns.
 For example, if `refs/heads/master` is specified in `transfer.hideRefs` and
 the current namespace is `foo`, then `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master`
-is omitted from the advertisements. If `uploadpack.allowRefInWant` is set,
-`upload-pack` will treat `want-ref refs/heads/master` in a protocol v2
-`fetch` command as if `refs/namespaces/foo/refs/heads/master` did not exist.
-`receive-pack`, on the other hand, will still advertise the object id the
-ref is pointing to without mentioning its name (a so-called ".have" line).
+is omitted from the advertisements but `refs/heads/master` and
+`refs/namespaces/bar/refs/heads/master` are still advertised as so-called
+"have" lines. In order to match refs before stripping, add a `^` in front of
+the ref name. If you combine `!` and `^`, `!` must be specified first.
 +
 Even if you hide refs, a client may still be able to steal the target
 objects via the techniques described in the "SECURITY" section of the

Documentation/config/uploadpack.txt

@@ -59,16 +59,15 @@ uploadpack.allowFilter::
 
 uploadpackfilter.allow::
 	Provides a default value for unspecified object filters (see: the
-	below configuration variable). If set to `true`, this will also
-	enable all filters which get added in the future.
+	below configuration variable).
 	Defaults to `true`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.<filter>.allow::
 	Explicitly allow or ban the object filter corresponding to
 	`<filter>`, where `<filter>` may be one of: `blob:none`,
-	`blob:limit`, `object:type`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`.
-	If using combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested
-	filter kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
+	`blob:limit`, `tree`, `sparse:oid`, or `combine`. If using
+	combined filters, both `combine` and all of the nested filter
+	kinds must be allowed. Defaults to `uploadpackfilter.allow`.
 
 uploadpackfilter.tree.maxDepth::
 	Only allow `--filter=tree:<n>` when `<n>` is no more than the value of

Documentation/config/user.txt

@@ -36,13 +36,3 @@ user.signingKey::
 	commit, you can override the default selection with this variable.
 	This option is passed unchanged to gpg's --local-user parameter,
 	so you may specify a key using any method that gpg supports.
-	If gpg.format is set to `ssh` this can contain the path to either
-	your private ssh key or the public key when ssh-agent is used.
-	Alternatively it can contain a public key prefixed with `key::`
-	directly (e.g.: "key::ssh-rsa XXXXXX identifier"). The private key
-	needs to be available via ssh-agent. If not set git will call
-	gpg.ssh.defaultKeyCommand (e.g.: "ssh-add -L") and try to use the
-	first key available. For backward compatibility, a raw key which
-	begins with "ssh-", such as "ssh-rsa XXXXXX identifier", is treated
-	as "key::ssh-rsa XXXXXX identifier", but this form is deprecated;
-	use the `key::` form instead.

Documentation/date-formats.txt

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 DATE FORMATS
 ------------
 
-The `GIT_AUTHOR_DATE` and `GIT_COMMITTER_DATE` environment variables
+The `GIT_AUTHOR_DATE`, `GIT_COMMITTER_DATE` environment variables
+ifdef::git-commit[]
+and the `--date` option
+endif::git-commit[]
 support the following date formats:
 
 Git internal format::
-	It is `<unix-timestamp> <time-zone-offset>`, where
-	`<unix-timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
-	`<time-zone-offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
+	It is `<unix timestamp> <time zone offset>`, where `<unix
+	timestamp>` is the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch.
+	`<time zone offset>` is a positive or negative offset from UTC.
 	For example CET (which is 1 hour ahead of UTC) is `+0100`.
 
 RFC 2822::
@@ -23,9 +26,3 @@ ISO 8601::
 +
 NOTE: In addition, the date part is accepted in the following formats:
 `YYYY.MM.DD`, `MM/DD/YYYY` and `DD.MM.YYYY`.
-
-ifdef::git-commit[]
-In addition to recognizing all date formats above, the `--date` option
-will also try to make sense of other, more human-centric date formats,
-such as relative dates like "yesterday" or "last Friday at noon".
-endif::git-commit[]

Documentation/diff-format.txt

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Possible status letters are:
 - D: deletion of a file
 - M: modification of the contents or mode of a file
 - R: renaming of a file
-- T: change in the type of the file (regular file, symbolic link or submodule)
+- T: change in the type of the file
 - U: file is unmerged (you must complete the merge before it can
   be committed)
 - X: "unknown" change type (most probably a bug, please report it)

Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ linkgit:git-diff-files[1]
 with the `-p` option produces patch text.
 You can customize the creation of patch text via the
 `GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF` and the `GIT_DIFF_OPTS` environment variables
-(see linkgit:git[1]), and the `diff` attribute (see linkgit:gitattributes[5]).
+(see linkgit:git[1]).
 
 What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
 diff format:
@@ -74,11 +74,6 @@ separate lines indicate the old and the new mode.
       rename from b
       rename to a
 
-5.  Hunk headers mention the name of the function to which the hunk
-    applies.  See "Defining a custom hunk-header" in
-    linkgit:gitattributes[5] for details of how to tailor to this to
-    specific languages.
-
 
 Combined diff format
 --------------------
@@ -86,9 +81,9 @@ Combined diff format
 Any diff-generating command can take the `-c` or `--cc` option to
 produce a 'combined diff' when showing a merge. This is the default
 format when showing merges with linkgit:git-diff[1] or
-linkgit:git-show[1]. Note also that you can give suitable
-`--diff-merges` option to any of these commands to force generation of
-diffs in specific format.
+linkgit:git-show[1]. Note also that you can give the `-m` option to any
+of these commands to force generation of diffs with individual parents
+of a merge.
 
 A "combined diff" format looks like this:
 

Documentation/diff-options.txt

@@ -33,76 +33,6 @@ endif::git-diff[]
 	show the patch by default, or to cancel the effect of `--patch`.
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
-ifdef::git-log[]
---diff-merges=(off|none|on|first-parent|1|separate|m|combined|c|dense-combined|cc|remerge|r)::
---no-diff-merges::
-	Specify diff format to be used for merge commits. Default is
-	{diff-merges-default} unless `--first-parent` is in use, in which case
-	`first-parent` is the default.
-+
---diff-merges=(off|none):::
---no-diff-merges:::
-	Disable output of diffs for merge commits. Useful to override
-	implied value.
-+
---diff-merges=on:::
---diff-merges=m:::
--m:::
-	This option makes diff output for merge commits to be shown in
-	the default format. `-m` will produce the output only if `-p`
-	is given as well. The default format could be changed using
-	`log.diffMerges` configuration parameter, which default value
-	is `separate`.
-+
---diff-merges=first-parent:::
---diff-merges=1:::
-	This option makes merge commits show the full diff with
-	respect to the first parent only.
-+
---diff-merges=separate:::
-	This makes merge commits show the full diff with respect to
-	each of the parents. Separate log entry and diff is generated
-	for each parent.
-+
---diff-merges=remerge:::
---diff-merges=r:::
---remerge-diff:::
-	With this option, two-parent merge commits are remerged to
-	create a temporary tree object -- potentially containing files
-	with conflict markers and such.  A diff is then shown between
-	that temporary tree and the actual merge commit.
-+
-The output emitted when this option is used is subject to change, and
-so is its interaction with other options (unless explicitly
-documented).
-+
---diff-merges=combined:::
---diff-merges=c:::
--c:::
-	With this option, diff output for a merge commit shows the
-	differences from each of the parents to the merge result
-	simultaneously instead of showing pairwise diff between a
-	parent and the result one at a time. Furthermore, it lists
-	only files which were modified from all parents. `-c` implies
-	`-p`.
-+
---diff-merges=dense-combined:::
---diff-merges=cc:::
---cc:::
-	With this option the output produced by
-	`--diff-merges=combined` is further compressed by omitting
-	uninteresting hunks whose contents in the parents have only
-	two variants and the merge result picks one of them without
-	modification.  `--cc` implies `-p`.
-
---combined-all-paths::
-	This flag causes combined diffs (used for merge commits) to
-	list the name of the file from all parents.  It thus only has
-	effect when `--diff-merges=[dense-]combined` is in use, and
-	is likely only useful if filename changes are detected (i.e.
-	when either rename or copy detection have been requested).
-endif::git-log[]
-
 -U<n>::
 --unified=<n>::
 	Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of
@@ -312,14 +242,11 @@ explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
 linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 --name-only::
-	Show only names of changed files. The file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
-	For more information see the discussion about encoding in the linkgit:git-log[1]
-	manual page.
+	Show only names of changed files.
 
 --name-status::
 	Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
-	Just like `--name-only` the file names are often encoded in UTF-8.
 
 --submodule[=<format>]::
 	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When specifying
@@ -600,17 +527,11 @@ When used together with `-B`, omit also the preimage in the deletion part
 of a delete/create pair.
 
 -l<num>::
-	The `-M` and `-C` options involve some preliminary steps that
-	can detect subsets of renames/copies cheaply, followed by an
-	exhaustive fallback portion that compares all remaining
-	unpaired destinations to all relevant sources.  (For renames,
-	only remaining unpaired sources are relevant; for copies, all
-	original sources are relevant.)  For N sources and
-	destinations, this exhaustive check is O(N^2).  This option
-	prevents the exhaustive portion of rename/copy detection from
-	running if the number of source/destination files involved
-	exceeds the specified number.  Defaults to diff.renameLimit.
-	Note that a value of 0 is treated as unlimited.
+	The `-M` and `-C` options require O(n^2) processing time where n
+	is the number of potential rename/copy targets.  This
+	option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
+	the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
+	number.
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 --diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)...[*]]::
@@ -628,8 +549,11 @@ ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude.  E.g.
 `--diff-filter=ad` excludes added and deleted paths.
 +
-Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, copied and
-renamed entries cannot appear if detection for those types is disabled.
+Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, diffs
+from the index to the working tree can never have Added entries
+(because the set of paths included in the diff is limited by what is in
+the index).  Similarly, copied and renamed entries cannot appear if
+detection for those types is disabled.
 
 -S<string>::
 	Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
@@ -725,14 +649,6 @@ matches a pattern if removing any number of the final pathname
 components matches the pattern.  For example, the pattern "`foo*bar`"
 matches "`fooasdfbar`" and "`foo/bar/baz/asdf`" but not "`foobarx`".
 
---skip-to=<file>::
---rotate-to=<file>::
-	Discard the files before the named <file> from the output
-	(i.e. 'skip to'), or move them to the end of the output
-	(i.e. 'rotate to').  These were invented primarily for use
-	of the `git difftool` command, and may not be very useful
-	otherwise.
-
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
 -R::
 	Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or

Documentation/fetch-options.txt

@@ -7,10 +7,6 @@
 	existing contents of `.git/FETCH_HEAD`.  Without this
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
---atomic::
-	Use an atomic transaction to update local refs. Either all refs are
-	updated, or on error, no refs are updated.
-
 --depth=<depth>::
 	Limit fetching to the specified number of commits from the tip of
 	each remote branch history. If fetching to a 'shallow' repository
@@ -62,18 +58,8 @@ The argument to this option may be a glob on ref names, a ref, or the (possibly
 abbreviated) SHA-1 of a commit. Specifying a glob is equivalent to specifying
 this option multiple times, one for each matching ref name.
 +
-See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` and `push.negotiate`
-configuration variables documented in linkgit:git-config[1], and the
-`--negotiate-only` option below.
-
---negotiate-only::
-	Do not fetch anything from the server, and instead print the
-	ancestors of the provided `--negotiation-tip=*` arguments,
-	which we have in common with the server.
-+
-This is incompatible with `--recurse-submodules=[yes|on-demand]`.
-Internally this is used to implement the `push.negotiate` option, see
-linkgit:git-config[1].
+See also the `fetch.negotiationAlgorithm` configuration variable
+documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 --dry-run::
 	Show what would be done, without making any changes.
@@ -120,11 +106,6 @@ ifndef::git-pull[]
 	setting `fetch.writeCommitGraph`.
 endif::git-pull[]
 
---prefetch::
-	Modify the configured refspec to place all refs into the
-	`refs/prefetch/` namespace. See the `prefetch` task in
-	linkgit:git-maintenance[1].
-
 -p::
 --prune::
 	Before fetching, remove any remote-tracking references that no
@@ -163,16 +144,6 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 	behavior for a remote may be specified with the remote.<name>.tagOpt
 	setting. See linkgit:git-config[1].
 
-ifndef::git-pull[]
---refetch::
-	Instead of negotiating with the server to avoid transferring commits and
-	associated objects that are already present locally, this option fetches
-	all objects as a fresh clone would. Use this to reapply a partial clone
-	filter from configuration or using `--filter=` when the filter
-	definition has changed. Automatic post-fetch maintenance will perform
-	object database pack consolidation to remove any duplicate objects.
-endif::git-pull[]
-
 --refmap=<refspec>::
 	When fetching refs listed on the command line, use the
 	specified refspec (can be given more than once) to map the
@@ -196,23 +167,15 @@ endif::git-pull[]
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 --recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
 	This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
-	submodules should be fetched too. When recursing through submodules,
-	`git fetch` always attempts to fetch "changed" submodules, that is, a
-	submodule that has commits that are referenced by a newly fetched
-	superproject commit but are missing in the local submodule clone. A
-	changed submodule can be fetched as long as it is present locally e.g.
-	in `$GIT_DIR/modules/` (see linkgit:gitsubmodules[7]); if the upstream
-	adds a new submodule, that submodule cannot be fetched until it is
-	cloned e.g. by `git submodule update`.
-+
-When set to 'on-demand', only changed submodules are fetched. When set
-to 'yes', all populated submodules are fetched and submodules that are
-both unpopulated and changed are fetched. When set to 'no', submodules
-are never fetched.
-+
-When unspecified, this uses the value of `fetch.recurseSubmodules` if it
-is set (see linkgit:git-config[1]), defaulting to 'on-demand' if unset.
-When this option is used without any value, it defaults to 'yes'.
+	populated submodules should be fetched too. It can be used as a
+	boolean option to completely disable recursion when set to 'no' or to
+	unconditionally recurse into all populated submodules when set to
+	'yes', which is the default when this option is used without any
+	value. Use 'on-demand' to only recurse into a populated submodule
+	when the superproject retrieves a commit that updates the submodule's
+	reference to a commit that isn't already in the local submodule
+	clone. By default, 'on-demand' is used, unless
+	`fetch.recurseSubmodules` is set (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 endif::git-pull[]
 
 -j::

Documentation/git-add.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git add' [--verbose | -v] [--dry-run | -n] [--force | -f] [--interactive | -i] [--patch | -p]
-	  [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]] [--sparse]
+	  [--edit | -e] [--[no-]all | --[no-]ignore-removal | [--update | -u]]
 	  [--intent-to-add | -N] [--refresh] [--ignore-errors] [--ignore-missing] [--renormalize]
 	  [--chmod=(+|-)x] [--pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]]
 	  [--] [<pathspec>...]
@@ -79,13 +79,6 @@ in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
 --force::
 	Allow adding otherwise ignored files.
 
---sparse::
-	Allow updating index entries outside of the sparse-checkout cone.
-	Normally, `git add` refuses to update index entries whose paths do
-	not fit within the sparse-checkout cone, since those files might
-	be removed from the working tree without warning. See
-	linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] for more details.
-
 -i::
 --interactive::
 	Add modified contents in the working tree interactively to

Documentation/git-am.txt

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
 	 [--[no-]scissors] [-S[<keyid>]] [--patch-format=<format>]
-	 [--quoted-cr=<action>]
-	 [--empty=(stop|drop|keep)]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
-'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)] | --allow-empty)
+'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --show-current-patch[=(diff|raw)])
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -61,17 +59,6 @@ OPTIONS
 --no-scissors::
 	Ignore scissors lines (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
---quoted-cr=<action>::
-	This flag will be passed down to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
-
---empty=(stop|drop|keep)::
-	By default, or when the option is set to 'stop', the command
-	errors out on an input e-mail message lacking a patch
-	and stops into the middle of the current am session. When this
-	option is set to 'drop', skip such an e-mail message instead.
-	When this option is set to 'keep', create an empty commit,
-	recording the contents of the e-mail message as its log.
-
 -m::
 --message-id::
 	Pass the `-m` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]),
@@ -92,7 +79,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Pass `-u` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 	The proposed commit log message taken from the e-mail
 	is re-coded into UTF-8 encoding (configuration variable
-	`i18n.commitEncoding` can be used to specify project's
+	`i18n.commitencoding` can be used to specify project's
 	preferred encoding if it is not UTF-8).
 +
 This was optional in prior versions of git, but now it is the
@@ -187,8 +174,6 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 
 --abort::
 	Restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
-	Revert contents of files involved in the am operation to their
-	pre-am state.
 
 --quit::
 	Abort the patching operation but keep HEAD and the index
@@ -200,11 +185,6 @@ default.   You can use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 	the e-mail message; if `diff`, show the diff portion only.
 	Defaults to `raw`.
 
---allow-empty::
-	After a patch failure on an input e-mail message lacking a patch,
-	create an empty commit with the contents of the e-mail message
-	as its log message.
-
 DISCUSSION
 ----------
 

Documentation/git-apply.txt

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	  [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
 	  [--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)]
 	  [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--directory=<root>]
-	  [--verbose | --quiet] [--unsafe-paths] [--allow-empty] [<patch>...]
+	  [--verbose] [--unsafe-paths] [<patch>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -84,13 +84,12 @@ OPTIONS
 
 -3::
 --3way::
-	Attempt 3-way merge if the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed
-	to apply to and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
+	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
+	the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to,
+	and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
 	conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
-	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option unless the
-	`--cached` option is used, and is incompatible with the `--reject` option.
-	When used with the `--cached` option, any conflicts are left at higher stages
-	in the cache.
+	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option, and is incompatible
+	with the `--reject` and the `--cached` options.
 
 --build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'
@@ -228,11 +227,6 @@ behavior:
 	current patch being applied will be printed. This option will cause
 	additional information to be reported.
 
--q::
---quiet::
-	Suppress stderr output. Messages about patch status and progress
-	will not be printed.
-
 --recount::
 	Do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers, but infer them
 	by inspecting the patch (e.g. after editing the patch without
@@ -256,10 +250,6 @@ When `git apply` is used as a "better GNU patch", the user can pass
 the `--unsafe-paths` option to override this safety check.  This option
 has no effect when `--index` or `--cached` is in use.
 
---allow-empty::
-	Don't return error for patches containing no diff. This includes
-	empty patches and patches with commit text only.
-
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 

Documentation/git-archimport.txt

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ git-archimport - Import a GNU Arch repository into Git
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D <depth>] [-t <tempdir>]
-	       <archive>/<branch>[:<git-branch>]...
+'git archimport' [-h] [-v] [-o] [-a] [-f] [-T] [-D depth] [-t tempdir]
+               <archive/branch>[:<git-branch>] ...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Imports a project from one or more GNU Arch repositories.
 It will follow branches
-and repositories within the namespaces defined by the <archive>/<branch>
+and repositories within the namespaces defined by the <archive/branch>
 parameters supplied. If it cannot find the remote branch a merge comes from
 it will just import it as a regular commit. If it can find it, it will mark it
 as a merge whenever possible (see discussion below).
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import new branches within the provided roots.
 
 It expects to be dealing with one project only. If it sees
 branches that have different roots, it will refuse to run. In that case,
-edit your <archive>/<branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the
+edit your <archive/branch> parameters to define clearly the scope of the
 import.
 
 'git archimport' uses `tla` extensively in the background to access the
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ incremental imports.
 
 While 'git archimport' will try to create sensible branch names for the
 archives that it imports, it is also possible to specify Git branch names
-manually.  To do so, write a Git branch name after each <archive>/<branch>
+manually.  To do so, write a Git branch name after each <archive/branch>
 parameter, separated by a colon.  This way, you can shorten the Arch
 branch names and convert Arch jargon to Git jargon, for example mapping a
 "PROJECT{litdd}devo{litdd}VERSION" branch to "master".
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ OPTIONS
 	Override the default tempdir.
 
 
-<archive>/<branch>::
-	<archive>/<branch> identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
+<archive/branch>::
+	Archive/branch identifier in a format that `tla log` understands.
 
 
 GIT

Documentation/git-archive.txt

@@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ OPTIONS
 	Report progress to stderr.
 
 --prefix=<prefix>/::
-	Prepend <prefix>/ to paths in the archive.  Can be repeated; its
-	rightmost value is used for all tracked files.  See below which
-	value gets used by `--add-file` and `--add-virtual-file`.
+	Prepend <prefix>/ to each filename in the archive.
 
 -o <file>::
 --output=<file>::
@@ -59,26 +57,9 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --add-file=<file>::
 	Add a non-tracked file to the archive.  Can be repeated to add
-	multiple files.  The path of the file in the archive is built by
-	concatenating the value of the last `--prefix` option (if any)
-	before this `--add-file` and the basename of <file>.
-
---add-virtual-file=<path>:<content>::
-	Add the specified contents to the archive.  Can be repeated to add
 	multiple files.  The path of the file in the archive is built
-	by concatenating the value of the last `--prefix` option (if any)
-	before this `--add-virtual-file` and `<path>`.
-+
-The `<path>` argument can start and end with a literal double-quote
-character; the contained file name is interpreted as a C-style string,
-i.e. the backslash is interpreted as escape character. The path must
-be quoted if it contains a colon, to avoid the colon from being
-misinterpreted as the separator between the path and the contents, or
-if the path begins or ends with a double-quote character.
-+
-The file mode is limited to a regular file, and the option may be
-subject to platform-dependent command-line limits. For non-trivial
-cases, write an untracked file and use `--add-file` instead.
+	by concatenating the value for `--prefix` (if any) and the
+	basename of <file>.
 
 --worktree-attributes::
 	Look for attributes in .gitattributes files in the working tree
@@ -112,19 +93,12 @@ BACKEND EXTRA OPTIONS
 
 zip
 ~~~
--<digit>::
-	Specify compression level.  Larger values allow the command
-	to spend more time to compress to smaller size.  Supported
-	values are from `-0` (store-only) to `-9` (best ratio).
-	Default is `-6` if not given.
+-0::
+	Store the files instead of deflating them.
+-9::
+	Highest and slowest compression level.  You can specify any
+	number from 1 to 9 to adjust compression speed and ratio.
 
-tar
-~~~
--<number>::
-	Specify compression level. The value will be passed to the
-	compression command configured in `tar.<format>.command`. See
-	manual page of the configured command for the list of supported
-	levels and the default level if this option isn't specified.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
@@ -213,12 +187,6 @@ EXAMPLES
 	commit on the current branch. Note that the output format is
 	inferred by the extension of the output file.
 
-`git archive -o latest.tar --prefix=build/ --add-file=configure --prefix= HEAD`::
-
-	Creates a tar archive that contains the contents of the latest
-	commit on the current branch with no prefix and the untracked
-	file 'configure' with the prefix 'build/'.
-
 `git config tar.tar.xz.command "xz -c"`::
 
 	Configure a "tar.xz" format for making LZMA-compressed tarfiles.

Documentation/git-blame.txt

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git blame' [-c] [-b] [-l] [--root] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-s] [-e] [-p] [-w] [--incremental]
 	    [-L <range>] [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
 	    [--ignore-rev <rev>] [--ignore-revs-file <file>]
-	    [--color-lines] [--color-by-age] [--progress] [--abbrev=<n>]
-	    [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>..<rev>] [--] <file>
+	    [--progress] [--abbrev=<n>] [<rev> | --contents <file> | --reverse <rev>..<rev>]
+	    [--] <file>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -93,19 +93,6 @@ include::blame-options.txt[]
 	is used for a caret to mark the boundary commit.
 
 
-THE DEFAULT FORMAT
-------------------
-
-When neither `--porcelain` nor `--incremental` option is specified,
-`git blame` will output annotation for each line with:
-
-- abbreviated object name for the commit the line came from;
-- author ident (by default author name and date, unless `-s` or `-e`
-  is specified); and
-- line number
-
-before the line contents.
-
 THE PORCELAIN FORMAT
 --------------------
 
@@ -239,7 +226,7 @@ commit commentary), a blame viewer will not care.
 MAPPING AUTHORS
 ---------------
 
-See linkgit:gitmailmap[5].
+include::mailmap.txt[]
 
 
 SEE ALSO

Documentation/git-branch.txt

@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 	[--points-at <object>] [--format=<format>]
 	[(-r | --remotes) | (-a | --all)]
 	[--list] [<pattern>...]
-'git branch' [--track[=(direct|inherit)] | --no-track] [-f]
-	[--recurse-submodules] <branchname> [<start-point>]
+'git branch' [--track | --no-track] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
 'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
 'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
 'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
@@ -79,8 +78,8 @@ renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
 to happen.
 
 The `-c` and `-C` options have the exact same semantics as `-m` and
-`-M`, except instead of the branch being renamed, it will be copied to a
-new name, along with its config and reflog.
+`-M`, except instead of the branch being renamed it along with its
+config and reflog will be copied to a new name.
 
 With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted.  You may
 specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
@@ -119,21 +118,20 @@ OPTIONS
 	Reset <branchname> to <startpoint>, even if <branchname> exists
 	already. Without `-f`, 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
 	In combination with `-d` (or `--delete`), allow deleting the
-	branch irrespective of its merged status, or whether it even
-	points to a valid commit. In combination with
+	branch irrespective of its merged status. In combination with
 	`-m` (or `--move`), allow renaming the branch even if the new
 	branch name already exists, the same applies for `-c` (or `--copy`).
 
 -m::
 --move::
-	Move/rename a branch, together with its config and reflog.
+	Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
 
 -M::
 	Shortcut for `--move --force`.
 
 -c::
 --copy::
-	Copy a branch, together with its config and reflog.
+	Copy a branch and the corresponding reflog.
 
 -C::
 	Shortcut for `--copy --force`.
@@ -155,7 +153,7 @@ OPTIONS
 --column[=<options>]::
 --no-column::
 	Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable
-	`column.branch` for option syntax. `--column` and `--no-column`
+	column.branch for option syntax.`--column` and `--no-column`
 	without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never' respectively.
 +
 This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
@@ -207,54 +205,24 @@ This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
 	Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
 
 -t::
---track[=(direct|inherit)]::
+--track::
 	When creating a new branch, set up `branch.<name>.remote` and
-	`branch.<name>.merge` configuration entries to set "upstream" tracking
-	configuration for the new branch. This
+	`branch.<name>.merge` configuration entries to mark the
+	start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
 	configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
 	two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
 	it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
 	upstream when the new branch is checked out.
 +
-The exact upstream branch is chosen depending on the optional argument:
-`-t`, `--track`, or `--track=direct` means to use the start-point branch
-itself as the upstream; `--track=inherit` means to copy the upstream
-configuration of the start-point branch.
-+
-The branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable specifies how `git switch`,
-`git checkout` and `git branch` should behave when neither `--track` nor
-`--no-track` are specified:
-+
-The default option, `true`, behaves as though `--track=direct`
-were given whenever the start-point is a remote-tracking branch.
-`false` behaves as if `--no-track` were given. `always` behaves as though
-`--track=direct` were given. `inherit` behaves as though `--track=inherit`
-were given. `simple` behaves as though `--track=direct` were given only when
-the start-point is a remote-tracking branch and the new branch has the same
-name as the remote branch.
-+
-See linkgit:git-pull[1] and linkgit:git-config[1] for additional discussion on
-how the `branch.<name>.remote` and `branch.<name>.merge` options are used.
+This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote-tracking branch.
+Set the branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable to `false` if you
+want `git switch`, `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if `--no-track`
+were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
+start-point is either a local or remote-tracking branch.
 
 --no-track::
 	Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
-	branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is set.
-
---recurse-submodules::
-	THIS OPTION IS EXPERIMENTAL! Causes the current command to
-	recurse into submodules if `submodule.propagateBranches` is
-	enabled. See `submodule.propagateBranches` in
-	linkgit:git-config[1]. Currently, only branch creation is
-	supported.
-+
-When used in branch creation, a new branch <branchname> will be created
-in the superproject and all of the submodules in the superproject's
-<start-point>. In submodules, the branch will point to the submodule
-commit in the superproject's <start-point> but the branch's tracking
-information will be set up based on the submodule's branches and remotes
-e.g. `git branch --recurse-submodules topic origin/main` will create the
-submodule branch "topic" that points to the submodule commit in the
-superproject's "origin/main", but tracks the submodule's "origin/main".
+	branch.autoSetupMerge configuration variable is true.
 
 --set-upstream::
 	As this option had confusing syntax, it is no longer supported.

Documentation/git-bugreport.txt

@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ OPTIONS
 -------
 -o <path>::
 --output-directory <path>::
-	Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the current
-	directory.
+	Place the resulting bug report file in `<path>` instead of the root of
+	the Git repository.
 
 -s <format>::
 --suffix <format>::

Documentation/git-bundle.txt

@@ -13,53 +13,26 @@ SYNOPSIS
 		    [--version=<version>] <file> <git-rev-list-args>
 'git bundle' verify [-q | --quiet] <file>
 'git bundle' list-heads <file> [<refname>...]
-'git bundle' unbundle [--progress] <file> [<refname>...]
+'git bundle' unbundle <file> [<refname>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Create, unpack, and manipulate "bundle" files. Bundles are used for
-the "offline" transfer of Git objects without an active "server"
-sitting on the other side of the network connection.
+Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
+machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
+be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
+ssh, http) cannot be used.
 
-They can be used to create both incremental and full backups of a
-repository, and to relay the state of the references in one repository
-to another.
+The 'git bundle' command packages objects and references in an archive
+at the originating machine, which can then be imported into another
+repository using 'git fetch', 'git pull', or 'git clone',
+after moving the archive by some means (e.g., by sneakernet).
 
-Git commands that fetch or otherwise "read" via protocols such as
-`ssh://` and `https://` can also operate on bundle files. It is
-possible linkgit:git-clone[1] a new repository from a bundle, to use
-linkgit:git-fetch[1] to fetch from one, and to list the references
-contained within it with linkgit:git-ls-remote[1]. There's no
-corresponding "write" support, i.e.a 'git push' into a bundle is not
-supported.
-
-See the "EXAMPLES" section below for examples of how to use bundles.
-
-BUNDLE FORMAT
--------------
-
-Bundles are `.pack` files (see linkgit:git-pack-objects[1]) with a
-header indicating what references are contained within the bundle.
-
-Like the the packed archive format itself bundles can either be
-self-contained, or be created using exclusions.
-See the "OBJECT PREREQUISITES" section below.
-
-Bundles created using revision exclusions are "thin packs" created
-using the `--thin` option to linkgit:git-pack-objects[1], and
-unbundled using the `--fix-thin` option to linkgit:git-index-pack[1].
-
-There is no option to create a "thick pack" when using revision
-exclusions, and users should not be concerned about the difference. By
-using "thin packs", bundles created using exclusions are smaller in
-size. That they're "thin" under the hood is merely noted here as a
-curiosity, and as a reference to other documentation.
-
-See link:technical/bundle-format.html[the `bundle-format`
-documentation] for more details and the discussion of "thin pack" in
-link:technical/pack-format.html[the pack format documentation] for
-further details.
+As no
+direct connection between the repositories exists, the user must specify a
+basis for the bundle that is held by the destination repository: the
+bundle assumes that all objects in the basis are already in the
+destination repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -75,11 +48,8 @@ verify <file>::
 	cleanly to the current repository.  This includes checks on the
 	bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite
 	commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository.
-	Then, 'git bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any.
-	Finally, information about additional capabilities, such as "object
-	filter", is printed. See "Capabilities" in link:technical/bundle-format.html
-	for more information. The exit code is zero for success, but will
-	be nonzero if the bundle file is invalid.
+	'git bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits
+	with a non-zero status.
 
 list-heads <file>::
 	Lists the references defined in the bundle.  If followed by a
@@ -147,88 +117,28 @@ unbundle <file>::
 SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 ---------------------
 
-Revisions must be accompanied by reference names to be packaged in a
-bundle.
-
-More than one reference may be packaged, and more than one set of prerequisite objects can
-be specified.  The objects packaged are those not contained in the
-union of the prerequisites.
-
-The 'git bundle create' command resolves the reference names for you
-using the same rules as `git rev-parse --abbrev-ref=loose`. Each
-prerequisite can be specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly
-(e.g. `master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
-
-All of these simple cases are OK (assuming we have a "master" and
-"next" branch):
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create master.bundle master
-$ echo master | git bundle create master.bundle --stdin
-$ git bundle create master-and-next.bundle master next
-$ (echo master; echo next) | git bundle create master-and-next.bundle --stdin
-----------------
-
-And so are these (and the same but omitted `--stdin` examples):
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create recent-master.bundle master~10..master
-$ git bundle create recent-updates.bundle master~10..master next~5..next
-----------------
-
-A revision name or a range whose right-hand-side cannot be resolved to
-a reference is not accepted:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create HEAD.bundle $(git rev-parse HEAD)
-fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.
-$ git bundle create master-yesterday.bundle master~10..master~5
-fatal: Refusing to create empty bundle.
-----------------
-
-OBJECT PREREQUISITES
---------------------
-
-When creating bundles it is possible to create a self-contained bundle
-that can be unbundled in a repository with no common history, as well
-as providing negative revisions to exclude objects needed in the
-earlier parts of the history.
-
-Feeding a revision such as `new` to `git bundle create` will create a
-bundle file that contains all the objects reachable from the revision
-`new`. That bundle can be unbundled in any repository to obtain a full
-history that leads to the revision `new`:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create full.bundle new
-----------------
-
-A revision range such as `old..new` will produce a bundle file that
-will require the revision `old` (and any objects reachable from it)
-to exist for the bundle to be "unbundle"-able:
-
-----------------
-$ git bundle create full.bundle old..new
-----------------
-
-A self-contained bundle without any prerequisites can be extracted
-into anywhere, even into an empty repository, or be cloned from
-(i.e., `new`, but not `old..new`).
+'git bundle' will only package references that are shown by
+'git show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
+such as `master~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
+defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
+than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
+contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
+specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
+`master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
 
+It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
 It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
 to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
 when unpacking at the destination.
 
+`git clone` can use any bundle created without negative refspecs
+(e.g., `new`, but not `old..new`).
 If you want to match `git clone --mirror`, which would include your
 refs such as `refs/remotes/*`, use `--all`.
 If you want to provide the same set of refs that a clone directly
 from the source repository would get, use `--branches --tags` for
 the `<git-rev-list-args>`.
 
-The 'git bundle verify' command can be used to check whether your
-recipient repository has the required prerequisite commits for a
-bundle.
-
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 
@@ -239,7 +149,7 @@ but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
 We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.
 
 To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
-any prerequisites. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
+any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
 processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
 with an incremental bundle:
 
@@ -290,7 +200,7 @@ machineB$ git pull
 
 If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
 have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
-prerequisites, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
+basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
 in the resulting bundle. The previous example used the lastR2bundle tag
 for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
 the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
@@ -301,7 +211,7 @@ You can use a tag that is present in both:
 $ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
 ----------------
 
-You can use a prerequisite based on time:
+You can use a basis based on time:
 
 ----------------
 $ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
@@ -314,7 +224,7 @@ $ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
 ----------------
 
 You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
-that was created with a prerequisite:
+that was created with a basis:
 
 ----------------
 $ git bundle verify mybundle